高考英语阅读分类复习：文化类 73页

新课标高考英语阅读分类复习：文化类 第1题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（湖南卷）)C ‎    Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business!‎ ‎    In , the American artist Richard Prince’s photograph of a photograph, Untitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000. ‎ ‎    Prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”—a loose term given to everything from discarded(丢弃的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger’s family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth looking at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.‎ ‎    Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for some else: “Why’s your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard’s addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer. ‎ ‎    The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Yet found photographs produced by artists, such Richard Prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? It’s anyone’s guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated (整理), we also turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after we’ve gone?‎ ‎64. The first paragraph of the passage is used to _________. ‎ ‎   A. remind readers of found photographs          B. advise reader to start a new kind of business ‎ ‎   C. ask readers to find photographs behind sofa     ‎ ‎   D. show readers the value of found photographs ‎ ‎65. According to the passage, Joachim Schmid _________. ‎ ‎   A. is fond of collecting family life photographs   B. found a complaining not under his car wiper ‎   C. is working for several self-published magazines    ‎ ‎   D. wondered at the artistic nature of found photographs ‎66. The underlined word “them” in Para 4 refers to __________. ‎ ‎   A. the readersB. the editorsC. the found photographs    D. the self-published magazines ‎ ‎67. By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that ________. ‎ ‎   A. memory of the past is very important to people ‎   B. found photographs allow people to think freely ‎ ‎   C. the back-story of found photographs is puzzling ‎   D. the real value of found photographs is questionable ‎ ‎68. The author’s attitude towards found photographs can be described as _________. ‎ ‎   A. critical         B. doubtful           C. optimistic         D. satisfied ‎ 答案64. D65. A66. D67. B68. C ‎64.解析:这是一道推断题。根据第一段Richard Prince的一张照片拍出了很高的价钱。说明回收的图片还是非常值钱的。‎ ‎65. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第三段的“he groups photographs of family life according to themes:”可知Joachim Schmid搜集家庭照片。‎ ‎66. 解析:这是一道指代题。根据后面的“called simply Found,was born one snowy night in Chicago,”可知Found是一个杂志的名字,them 指代的是自己发行的杂志。‎ ‎67. 解析:这是一道推断题。从这几个问题中可以发行搜集到的别人废弃的照片带来了很多疑问,给人很多想象的空间。‎ ‎68. 解析:这是一道归纳题。从文中的第一句就可以看出搜集沙发后的旧照片是个大生意,说明作者对搜集废照片还是乐观的。‎ 第2题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（江西卷）)(C)‎ As a professor at a large American university, there is a phrase that I hear often from students: “I’m only a 1050. ”The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice, or even have a chance to get a higher education at all.  The SAT score, whether it is 800, 1 100 or 1550, has becomes the focus at this time of their life. ‎ It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores, then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.  Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over. The low ‎ test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college. And without a degree from a prestigious university, they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed. ‎ According to a study done in the 1990s, the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a student’s future performance in most cases.  Interestingly, it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicators——like a student’s high school grades. Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a student’s academic proficiency（学业水平）,they will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities（潜力）. This is not to suggest that we should stop using SAT scores in our college admission process.  The SAT is an excellent test in many ways, and the score is still a useful means of testing students.  However, it should be only one of many methods used. ‎ ‎64. The purpose of the SAT is to test students’     . ‎ A. strong will                    B. academic ability C. full potentialities               D. confidence in school work ‎65. Students’ self-respect is influenced by their     . ‎ A. scores in the SAT             B. achievements in mathematic C. job opportunities              D. money spent on education ‎66.“A prestigious university”is most probably    ‎ A. a famous university       B. a technical university C. a traditional university     D. an expensive university ‎67. This passage is mainly about    . ‎ A. how to prepare for the SAT      B. stress caused by the SAT C. American higher education       D. the SAT and its effects 答案64. B65. A66. A67. D ‎64.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段中的“which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice,or even if they have a chance to get a higher education at all”可判断出SAT测试的目的是测试学生的学习能力。‎ ‎65. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段中的“It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores,then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.”可判断出SAT的分数对学生的自尊心造成了影响。‎ ‎66. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段中的“they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed”可推断出a prestigious ‎ university是一所著名的大学，因为如果在著名的大学毕业，就会找到好的工作，否则将会使生活的大门永远关闭。‎ ‎67. 解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了SAT的测试，而这种测试对学生的一生造成了极大的影响，所以这篇短文主要是关于SAT和它的影响。‎ 第3题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（重庆卷）)E ‎    Throughout the history of the arts，the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select，artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.‎ ‎    Landscape（风景）is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie，one of the new American realists，continued this practice，Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature，Ledge pains what he actually sees. In his paintings，there is no particular change in motion，and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography（摄影术）to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.‎ ‎    Besides，all art begs the age-old question：What is real？Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects，the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes，and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up. understanding reality is a necessary struggle for Artists of all periods.‎ ‎    Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present，Eastern or Western，the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art，and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.‎ ‎71. The underlined word “poetry” most probably means______________.‎ A. an object for artistic creation           B. a collection of poems C. an unusual quality                   D. a natural scene ‎72. Leslie’s paintings are extraordinary because______________.‎ A. they are close in style to works in ancient times B. they look like works by 19th-cenary painters C. they draw attention to common things in life D. they depend heavily on color photography ‎73. What is the author’s opinion of artistic really？______________.‎ A. It will not be found in future works of art.B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.‎ C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.D. It is lacking in modern works of art.‎ ‎74. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph？‎ A. They express people’s curiosity about the past.‎ B. They make people interested in everyday experience.‎ C. They are considered important for variety in form.‎ D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.‎ ‎75. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage？‎ A. History of the arts.                   B. Basic questions of the arts.‎ C. New developments in the arts.          D. Use of modern technology in the arts.‎ 答案71. C72. C73. B74. D75. B ‎71.解析:这是一道词义猜测题。从第一段“to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before”可知艺术家力图创造一种从来没人看到或者经历过的意境。既然是没有人看到过或者经历过,那么应该是一种不平常的东西。‎ ‎72. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第二段“In his paintings,there is no particular change in emotion,and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background.”可以推断出Leslie的画表现的都是平时常见的事物。‎ ‎73. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第三段“Each generations of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another.”可以推断出每一代艺术家对于现实的理解和表现都是不同的,也就是没有一个永恒的标准。‎ ‎74. 解析:这是一道归纳题。根据最后一段“Many and different are the faces of art,and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.”可知虽然艺术的表现形式不同,但都是表达了人民的需要和希望。也就是说艺术反映了当时人的生存状态。‎ ‎75. 解析:这是一道主旨题。本文通过对于不同时期艺术家的比较,作者分析了艺术的一个共同问题:“什么是真实”,结论是虽然不同时期和地域艺术的表现形式不同,但都反映了当时人的生存状态。‎ 第4题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语上海卷)‎ Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. ‎ A. New teachers’ opinions of involving parents B. An argument over an assignment C. A conflict between assumption and reality D. Difficulties in sharing goals E. The best way to score high F. Proper ways of parental involvement ‎ ‎ ‎80. ‎ ‎    An Iowa high school counselor gets a call from a parent protesting the “C” her child received on an assignment. “The parent argued every point in the essay, ”recalls the counselor, who soon realized why the mother was so disappointed about me grade. “It became apparent that she’d written it. ”‎ ‎81. ‎ In a survey, 90% of new teachers agreed that involving parents in their children’s education is a priority at their school, but only 25％described their experience working with parents as “very satisfying.” When asked to choose me biggest challenge they face, 31％ of them quoted involving parents and communicating with them as their top choice. 73％ of  new teachers  said too many parents treat schools and teachers as enemies. ‎ ‎82. ‎ At a time when competition is rising and resources are limited, when battles over testing force schools to adjust their priorities, when cell phones and e-mail speed up the information flow and all kinds of private ghosts and public quarrels slip into the parent-teacher conference, it’s harder for both sides to step back and breathe deeply and look at the goals they share. ‎ ‎83‎ ‎    Everyone says the parent-teacher conference should be pleasant, civilized, a kind of dialogue where parents and teachers build partnership. But what most teachers feel, and certainly what all parents feel, is anxiety and panic.‎ ‎84. ‎ When a teacher asks parents to be partners, he or she doesn't necessarily mean Mom or Dad should be camping in the classroom. Research shows that though students benefit modestly from having parents involved at school, what happens at home matters much more. According to research based on the National Education Longitudinal Study, a sample of nearly 25,000 eighth graders, among four main areas of parental involvement(home discussion, home supervision. school communication, and school participation), home discussion was the most strongly related 答案80. B ‎81. A ‎82. D ‎83. C ‎84. F 第5题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖北卷)‎ ‎   Have you ever received a gift that was so clearly not your taste that you wondered if perhaps it had been handed to you by mistake? Worse, have you ever given a present and watched your friend look as though she had opened the wrong box? Maybe she responded with a polite "Why, thank you," but you knew you had missed the mark. Why do presents sometimes go wrong? And what do your choices (good and bad) reflect about your personal qualities? ‎ ‎    Choosing the right gift is an art, I believe. It calls for empathy — the ability to put yourself into someone else's head and heart .We're all able to do this; in fact, we're born with a kind of natural empathy. After the earliest period of childhood, however, it needs to be reinforced (加强)—by our parents, teachers, friends. When it isn't, we're not able to understand other people's feelings as sharply. This can show in the gifts we select, and so can many other emotional (情感的) qualities.‎ ‎   Think back to the presents you’ve given over the past year, the time and effort you put into your selection, how much you spent, your thoughts while you were shopping, and your feelings when the receiver opened the package. Keep in mind that what you choose displays your inner world. Of course, you may express yourself differently with different friends, relatives, and other people you know.‎ ‎   We live in a society where exchanging presents is an important part of communication. Ignoring the tradition won't make it go away. If you really dislike such a tradition, tell your friends ahead of time.‎ ‎60.  The underlined expression "you had missed the mark" means "you had failed to _____'.‎ ‎    A. make her feel better   B. keep your friendship ‎    C. receive a present in return   D. get the expected effect ‎61. Which of the following is the main idea of the second paragraph?‎ ‎   A. Natural empathy needs to be reinforced.‎ ‎   B. Emotional changes influence one's choice of gifts.‎ ‎   C. Selecting the right gift is an ability people are born with.‎ ‎   D. Choosing gifts requires one to understand the receivers.‎ ‎62. In the third paragraph, the author tells us that________..‎ ‎    A. attention should be paid to the receivers' responses ‎    B. one learns from what he did in the past ‎    C. the choice of gifts reflects one's emotional qualities ‎    D. one should spend more time choosing gifts ‎ 63. The best possible title for this passage is “_______”.‎ ‎    A. Ways of Choosing Gifts                     B. An Important Tradition ‎    C. Exchanging Presents                         D. Message in a Gift 答案60.D   61. D  62.C  63. D ‎60．解析：这是一道细节推测题。“you had missed the mark”着重点是分析“mark”表示的含义。送别人礼物是希望别人高兴，因此mark最可能的意思是别人高兴的表情。这个高兴的表情就是送礼者所期望的效果，送错了礼物，就没有这个期望的效果了，因此选D。‎ ‎ 61．解析：这是一道归纳段意题。第二段开头“Choosing the right gift is an art, I believe. It calls for empathy”是本段的中心句，意思是，“给别人挑选礼物是一门艺术，它叫做感情移入。”后面还讲到，如果没有这种能力，“we’re not able to understand other people’s feelings”即我们就不能了解别人的感受。因此这段话的主要意思是“挑选礼物需要了解别人”。‎ ‎62．解析：这是一道推断题。从第三段Keep in mind that what you choose displays your inner world.可知，“紧记你挑选的礼物反映你的内心世界”。作者的意思是，礼物能反映你情感的深浅。因此C正确。‎ ‎63．解析：这是一道主旨题。从本文来讲，不管是接受、送出，还是挑选礼物，礼物本身都包含了一定的信息，这个信息从送出者传递到接受者。只有了解礼物接受者的喜好，才能挑选出合适的礼物。因此，主旨是礼物包含的信息。‎ 第6题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ ‎   How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful? ‎ ‎   Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats (栖息地). Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.‎ ‎    Zoos claim (声称) to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species’ name, diet, and natural range(分布区). The animals’ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals’ natural needs.‎ ‎    The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.‎ ‎     Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖)of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted n their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?‎ ‎     Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.‎ ‎64. How would the author describe the animals’ life in zoos?‎ A. Dangerous.B. Unhappy.C. Natural.D. Easy.‎ ‎65. In the state of zoochosis, animals _________.‎ A. remain in cagesB. behave strangely C. attack other animalsD. enjoy moving around ‎66. What does the author try to argue n the passage?‎ A. Zoos are not worth the public support.B. Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.‎ C. Zoos should treat animals as human beings.‎ D. Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.‎ ‎67. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _____.‎ A. pointing out the faults in what zoos doB. using evidence he has collected at zoos C. questioning the way animals are protectedD. discussing the advantages of natural habitats ‎68. Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _______.‎ A. zoos have to keep animals in small cagesB. most animals in zoos are endangered species C. some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos D. it’s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats 答案64. B   65. B    66. A   67. A   68. C ‎ 解析：‎ ‎64.这是一道细节推断题。第四段“Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bar， and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth， a sign of unhappiness and pain.” 说明在动物园的动物不幸福。‎ ‎65.这是一道细节推断题。根据上文中的unusual和self－destructive可推断出动物在动物园饲养的情况下行为不正常。‎ ‎66.这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一句话“Instead of supporting zoos， we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.”可判断出作者不赞成公众支持动物园。‎ ‎67.这是一道主旨题。作者在这篇短文中主要指出了动物园的各种弊端，来说服读者接受他的观点。‎ ‎68.根据倒数第二段的内容可判断出作者虽然反对动物园，但他仍然同意动物园不得不把动物保持在很小的空间内。‎ 第7题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ Language as a System of Symbols ‎      Of all systems of symbols(符号), language is the most highly developed. It has been pointed out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything. Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual(相互的)dependency, to let the various noises that they can produce with their lungs, throats, tongues, teeth, and lips systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous systems. We call that system of agreements language.‎ ‎      There is no necessary connection between the symbol and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in.‎ ‎      However obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject. Symbols and the things they stand ‎ for are independent of each other, yet we all have a way of feeling as if, and sometimes acting as if, there were necessary connections. For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature; foreigners have such funny names for things, and why can’t they call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any country understand English if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who is reported to have said: “Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals,” they feel that the symbol is inherently(内在地) connected in some way with the things symbolized.‎ ‎69. Language is a highly developed system of symbols because human beings ______.‎ A. have made use of language for centuriesB. use our nervous systems to support language C. have made various noises stand for any events D. can make anything stand for anything by agreement ‎70. What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?‎ A. Different noises may mean different things.‎ B. Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.‎ C. The language we use symbolizes our social positions.‎ D. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.‎ ‎71. In Paragraph 3, “take special pains” probably means “_____”.‎ A. try very hardB. take our timeC. are very unhappyD. feel especially painful ‎72. The example of the little boy is used to show that _____.‎ A. adults often learn from their youngB. “pig” is a dirty word because pigs are dirty C. words are not connected with the things they stand for D. people sometimes have wrong ideas about how language works 答案69. D   70. B   71. A   72. D ‎ 解析：‎ ‎69.这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段“It has been pointed out that human beings， by agreement， can make anything stand for anything.”可推断出人们发出的各种噪音代表着任何一种活动。‎ ‎70.这是一道主旨题。第二段“so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in”可知，我们的文化决定了某一种系统代表着什么。‎ ‎71.这是一道猜测词义题。根据上文中“they are actually not so obvious as they seem except”可猜测出take special pains的意思是“努力尝试”。‎ ‎72.这是一道主旨题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者举小孩的例子说明人们有时对语言的作用产生误解。‎ 第8题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语天津卷)‎ ‎      Everyone’s at it , even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn't done an eBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖). ‎ ‎      Buying for beginners: Sign up on www. ebay. co. uk. Most items ( e. g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with "Buy It Now" and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.‎ ‎     If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10 days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item.‎ ‎    How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card (信用卡).‎ ‎      Selling made simple: If you plan to sell on eBay, it helps to include a picture of the item. I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekends to bid.‎ ‎     The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture is a big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.‎ ‎36. What is the passage mainly about?‎ ‎    A. How to make payment online.B. Ways of making delivery online ‎    C. Advantages of an online-auction system.D. How to use an online-auction system.‎ ‎37. After bidding for an item, a buyer                .‎ ‎    A. will get what he wants in ten daysB. should make payment immediately ‎    C. has chances to make higher bids D. may check its picture and description ‎38. The easiest way of making payment mentioned in the passage is             .‎ ‎    A. through an online payment systemB. through a local banking system ‎    C. by sending the money to the sellerD. by paying the deliveryman directly 答案36.D 37.C38.A ‎ ‎36.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文主要讲述了如何进行网上拍卖。‎ ‎37.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段“The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid， then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again.”可判断出当出价后，买者有机会再出高价。‎ ‎38.解析：这是一道细节题。从How to pay中的“The easiest way is through PayPal， an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card.”可知，在网上付款最方便的方法是通过网上付款系统。‎ 第9题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语上海卷)‎ Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.‎ A.    Goods for auction sales B.     Definition of bidding C.    Way‎ to sell more goods by auction D.    Auction sales in history ‎ E.     Brief introduction to auctions F.     Making a larger profit as an auctioneer ‎80. ‎ ‎ ‎ Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.‎ ‎81. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎    The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.‎ ‎82. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎    Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property. Furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.‎ ‎83. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎    An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.‎ ‎84. ‎ ‎ ‎ The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.‎ 答案80.E81.D82.A83.C84.F ‎ 第10题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语辽宁卷)‎ Here’s How to Get Your 6 Movies for 1￠Each ‎       Just Write in the Numbers of the 6 movies you want for 1￠each, plus shipping. In exchange（交换）,you agree to buy just six more movies in the next three years, at our regular Club prices (which currently start as low as $19.95 plus shipping) — and you may cancel（取消）membership at any time after doing so. What’s more, you can get two more movies for the low price of $6.95 each and you will, after that, spend much less on the movies you want.‎ ‎       Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks (up to 13 times a year), with our Director’s Selection —plus many lower-priced cassettes, down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year (a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).‎ ‎       Buy Only What You Want! If you want the Director’s Selection, do nothing — it will be sent automatically（自动的）. If you prefer some other selection, or none at all, just mail the answer card always provided by the date specified. And you’ll always have 14 days to decide.‎ ‎       Instant Bonus Plan. As soon as you become a member, you’ll immediately have the right to our money-saving plan! It enables you to enjoy more great savings on the movies you want — right from the start of your membership!‎ ‎       10-Day Risk-Free Trial. If not satisfied, return everything within 10 days, and then you’ll get your money back and there will be no further obligation.‎ ‎64．How can you get 6 movies for 1 ￠ each?‎ ‎      A．Buy six more movies at the Club prices in the next 3 years.‎ ‎       B．Buy two more movies at the low price of $6.95 later.‎ ‎       C．Buy six more movies at the price of $19.95 all the time.‎ ‎       D．Buy many more movies at lower prices anytime.‎ ‎65．You may receive a free Video Magazine _________ a year.‎ ‎      A．13 times        B．12 times                    C．4 times          D．17 times ‎66．You can have _______ besides a free Video Magazine every four weeks.‎ ‎       A．Special Selection and Director’s Selection ‎       B．lower-priced cassettes and movies ‎       C．lower-priced cassettes and Special Selection ‎       D．Director’s Selection and a number of lower-priced cassettes ‎67．We can learn from the passage that the members of the Club ________.‎ ‎       A．cannot cancel their membership anytime ‎       B．can return everything 10 days later, if not satisfied ‎       C．can always buy what they want at the lowest price.‎ ‎       D．can enjoy more savings from the very beginning 答案64.A 65.A66.D67.D ‎ 解析：这是一道细节题。Just Write in the Number中的“In exchange， you agree to buy just six more movies in the next three years， at our regular Club prices”说明只要在三年内按俱乐部的价格买六部电影，就可以花1欧元看六部电影。‎ 解析：这是一道细节题。Free Video Magazine中“up to 13 time a year”表明每年可13次获得音像杂志。‎ 解析：这是一道细节题。从Free Video Magazine中“with our Director’s Selection—plus many lower－priced cassettes， down to $14.95”可知，除免费音像杂志外，你还可以得到Director’s Selection和许多低价磁带。‎ 解析：这是一道细节题。Instant Bonus Plan中“It enables you to enjoy more great savings on the movies you want—right from the start of your membership!”告诉我们俱乐部成员从一开始就可以享受到省钱。‎ 第11题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语辽宁卷)‎ ‎       There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training. The first demands exact careful movements of the muscles（肌肉）. This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead a mistake. To type quickly, for example, a person ‎ needs training; the slightest movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake. A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself. You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space, which, too, requires a lot of practice. ‎ ‎      The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort. Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping, but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort. Three years ago, some scientists carried out experiments, which produced meaningful and unexpected results. They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems. They selected some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycle riding. They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained. This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen（氧气）we breathe in and that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work our hearts do. Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people.‎ ‎72．The first kind of physical activity must be strictly controlled because _________.‎ ‎       A．a mistake in the wrong direction is dangerous to the fingers ‎       B．a wrong movement in a direction will cause no mistakes ‎       C．a movement in the wrong direction will cause a mistake ‎       D．a slight movement of a finger will lead to a mistake ‎73．What must a dancer do before she can balance herself?‎ ‎       A．She must dance on the point of her shoes.B．She must receive long-time training.‎ ‎       C．She must turn around on one foot.D．She must perform again and again.‎ ‎74．The experiments done by some scientists showed that ________.‎ ‎       A．some male patients were asked to ride bicycles regularly in the experiments ‎       B．the physical exercise had more harmful effect on the hearts of the untrained patients ‎       C．the physical exercise was harmless to the male patients with heart trouble ‎       D．the physical exercise could be helpful for the patients to take in more oxygen ‎75．What would be the best title for this text?‎ ‎       A．Training Our Bodies                             B．Physical Activities ‎       C．Movement Training                              D．Extra Body Effort 答案72.C 73.B74.B75.A ‎ ‎72.解析：这是一道细节题。第一段“This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead to a mistake.”说明这种活动必须严格控制的原因是运动方向性的错误可能会导致错误。‎ ‎73.解析：这是一道细节题。第一段“A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself.”说明舞蹈演员为了得到平衡感，必须进行单脚旋转训练。‎ ‎74.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段“They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of a given amount of physical effort was actually less on thehearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained.”可判断出体育锻炼会对那些没经过训练的病人的心脏造成更大的伤害。‎ ‎75.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文论述了训练的重要性。‎ 第12题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语江苏卷)‎ ‎     Hi, everybody! ‎ ‎     Welcome to our newly-opened Richards Cinema Bookstore!‎ ‎     Now let me introduce to you some of the new film books in our store.‎ ‎     Are you Chinese film fans? OK, here comes the latest 25 New Takes about Chinese films. It is a collection of 25 fresh readings of different Chinese films from the 1930s to the present. In recent years, Chinese films are very popular in the States, such as Crouching Tiger and Hidden Dragon, Hero, and Flowers of Shanghai.‎ ‎     Do you like French films? Well, here is The French Cinema Book. It covers French films from the 1890s to the beginning of the 21st century. It is written for all lovers of French cinema: students and teachers, specialists and fans, and so on.‎ ‎     Maybe you are Indian film fans and star-chasers. Then here is Encyclopedia ( 百科全书 ) of Indian Cinema. The book is a complete introduction to all the best Indian films. It also offers a full list of names of the famous and successful film stars in the past ten years. You know, the Indian film industry is the largest in the world after our Hollywood.‎ ‎     If you like British films, we have The British Cinema Book. It is a good review of British cinema. This book contains a good many nice pictures.‎ ‎     In our bookstore, you can also find books about Mexican, Japanese, Australian, German and Italian films.‎ ‎     Well, please help yourselves to some coffee or tea, and have a good time here!‎ ‎60. The speaker of the passage is most probably _______.‎ A. the author of 25 New TakesB. a tourist in the cinema bookstore C. the manager of the cinema bookstoreD. a reader of Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema ‎61. How many Asian countries does the speaker refer to when he talks about the film books?‎ A. Two.         B. Three.            C. Four.              D. Nine.‎ ‎62. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage？‎ A. Indian cinema is second only to Hollywood.‎ B. The British Cinema Book includes a complete list of names of stars.‎ C. Crouching Tiger and Hidden Dragon is well received in the States.‎ D. The French Cinema Book covers over a century's French films.‎ ‎63. The purpose of the speaker is_______.‎ A. to satisfy the customers' various tastesB. to keep the authors in the cinema bookstore C. to offer the tourists chances to meet the film stars D. to mm the readers into film producers 答案60.C 61.B62.B63.A ‎ ‎60.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段“Welcome to our newlyopened Richards Cinema Bookstore!”可判断出说话人可能是影院书店的经理。‎ ‎61.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据短文中提到Chinese，Japanese和Australian可判断出说话人提到了亚洲的三个国家。‎ ‎62.解析：这是一道判断正误题。根据短文中“It is a good review of British cinema.”可判断出选项B是错误的。‎ ‎63.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文介绍了全世界各地有关电影方面的书籍，来满足顾客的不同口味。‎ 第13题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语江苏卷)‎ ‎    The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals. ‎ ‎    During the opening ceremonies（仪式）, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels （骆驼）transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs（传统文化）. On their ‎ knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.‎ ‎    The local and visiting Italian dogs are anxious to run after hares. The crowd is on its feet for the camel races. Camels and riders run far into the distance, and then return to the finish Line in front of the cheering people.‎ ‎    Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horserace. All the riders run very fast on horseback. Some riders hang off the side of their saddles. Some even ride upside down -- their legs and feet straight up in the air -- all at full speed. Others rush down the course together, men arm in arm, on different horses. On and on they went. So fast and so wonderful!‎ ‎64. The Sahara Festival is a festival which________.‎ A. has a very long history in North AfricaB. is held in the same place on the same day C. is attended mainly by the people in the ‎Sahara D. is celebrated mostly by travelers from different countries ‎65. Before the races begin, ________ take part in the activities during the opening ceremonies.‎ A. musicians, dancers, horses and haresB. camel riders, musicians, dogs and hares C. horsemen, dancers, camels and dogsD. musicians, officials, camels and horses ‎66. The underlined word "finale" in the fourth paragraph most probably means the ________of the opening day.‎ A. first part         B. middle          C. last part          D. whole ‎67. This passage mainly tells readers_______.‎ A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival 答案64.C 65.D66.C67.A ‎ ‎64.解析：这是一道细节题。第一段“It is well attended by tourists，but even better attended by locals.”告诉我们主要是Sahara当地人参加the Sahara Festival。‎ ‎65.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段的内容可判断出在开幕式期间，比赛前音乐家、官员、骆驼和马参加了各项活动。‎ ‎66.解析：这是一道猜义题。根据最后一段towards evening可猜测出fianle是指这一天活动的最后部分。‎ ‎67.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文主要介绍了the Sahara Festival的开幕式上举行的各种活动。‎ 第14题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语江苏卷)‎ ‎      Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means. ‎ ‎     Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.‎ ‎      Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth.‎ ‎      Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.‎ ‎      Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液) A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.‎ ‎68. The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals________.‎ A. are not tall enough             B. like the lower leaves only C. are not clever enough        D. can get the lower leaves easily ‎69. To defend themselves, oak trees use________.‎ A. chemical means                     B. physical means C. bitter chemicals                     D. sandy materials ‎70. How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?‎ A. Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.‎ B. Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.‎ C. Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.‎ D. Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.‎ ‎71. What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A. Plants and Animals            B. How Plants Defend Themselves C. Attacks and Defenses       D. How Animals Eat Plant Leaves 答案68.D 69.B70.C71.B ‎ ‎68.解析：这是一道细节题。第二段“Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.”告诉我们，冬青树底部叶子上的刺比上部多的原因是动物更容易得到底部的叶子。‎ ‎69.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段“Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.”可判断出橡树采用了物理学的办法来保护自己。‎ ‎70.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据倒数第二段“The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.”可推断出烟草在受到毛虫攻击时，根部产生的尼古丁增多。‎ ‎71.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了植物采用各种手段来防止外来攻击，保护自己。‎ 第15题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖北卷)‎ ‎     From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is , in fact , playing a very dangerous game with its environment , a game in which it must make decision—a matter of life or death . ‎ ‎      Animals’ ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic (遗传性的)learning” , which is different from the individual (个体的) learning that an animal does in the course of its own lifetime . Genetic learning is learning by a ‎ species —animals of the same kind—as a whole , and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way . However, the role of genetic learning depends upon how similar the future environment is to the past. The more important individual experience is likely to be, the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. Because most animals live in ever changing environments from one generation to the next, it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.‎ ‎      In the great majority of animals , their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound (复合体) of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with .That is why animals can survive.‎ ‎72．The animal’s life will come to an end         .‎ ‎       A．if the animal makes a wrong decision    B．if the animal plays a dangerous game ‎ ‎       C．when the animal attacks its enemy        D．when the animal runs too slowly ‎ ‎73．Very few species depend entirely on genetic learning because         .‎ ‎       A．each generation has its own way of learning ‎ ‎       B．their environments change all the time ‎ ‎       C．they can act reasonably on their own D．it takes their whole life to learn ‎ ‎74．When the environment doesn’t change much,         .‎ ‎       A．animals cannot act in a right way B．genetic learning is less important for animals ‎ ‎       C．individual learning plays a less important role ‎ ‎       D．animals cannot get over problems on their on their own ‎ ‎75．Animals’ living on generation after generation depends on         .‎ ‎       A．their natural action pattern with their own experience ‎ ‎       B．the lessons they have learnt during their lifetime ‎ ‎       C．their experience in particular environments ‎ ‎       D．the knowledge passed on by their parents ‎ 答案72.A   73.B   74.C   75.A ‎72.解析：根据第一段最后一句“...must make decisions－a matter of life or death”可知如果选择错了就会死掉。‎ ‎73.解析：这是一道细节题。根据“...animals live in ever changing environments...it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning”这句可知多数动物都生活在一直变化的环境中，所以很少有生物完全依赖遗传性的学习。‎ ‎74.解析：因为遗传性学习的作用依赖于环境变化程度，所以环境变化小，那遗传性学习作用就大。‎ ‎75.解析：这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“...are a compound of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with.That is why animals can survive.”可知物种的生存依赖于本能和生存经验。‎ 第16题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷)‎ ‎     Collections were the inspiration(灵感) for a project at Thomas Tallis School, which formed part of the Imagine Children's Literature Festival last autumn. Each child (aged 12-13) beautified a box and wrote a story on the subject of collections to throw inside it. The boxes were spread within the Royal Festival Hall's Ballroom. Some were left empty to encourage visitors to write their own stories. ‎ ‎    The subject chosen by Lauren was an imaginative one. "It's a sort of Cinderella (灰姑娘) story," she told me, inspired by a collection of letters from her cousin, In the story these become love letters, burned by a cruel stepmother. Lauren's best friend Charlotte is the stepmother. "I'm in Charlotte's story too," says Lauren, "and I get run over." Charlotte's tale was inspired by the girls' coin collection. "We've ‎ collected foreign coins for years – since our families went on holiday to Tenerife." she explains. "That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in." Lauren continues: "I find a coin in the road, go to get it and get run over. I'm in hospital and then I die." Charlotte adds: "Or she might not die. I haven't decided yet." ‎ ‎     Millie Murray, who is a teen-novel author, thinks that setting the subject of collections was a useful inspiration to their creativity rather than a restriction(限制). "In the beginning I thought, 'Will the children be able to do it?"she says. "But it's been fruitful. Some have their own collection, some have parents who do, and some have written complete stories. It's made them think about something they wouldn't have otherwise, which can only be a good thing."‎ ‎59. What were the children asked to do in the project?‎ ‎      A. To meet friends at ThomasTallisSchool.B. To write stories on the subject of collections.‎ ‎      C. To encourage visitors to write their own stories.‎ ‎      D. To have their friends for characters in the stories.              ‎ ‎60. The underlined word "pesetas" in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _____.‎ ‎      A. story              B. collection            C. inspiration     D. foreign coin ‎ ‎61. From the stories by Lauren and Charlotte, we know that _____ .‎ ‎      A. Charlotte hurt herself when getting a coin ‎      B. both of them developed their imagination ‎      C. both of them will die in each other's stories ‎      D. Lauren's cousin posted her some love letters              ‎ ‎62. Millie Murray thinks ________.‎ ‎      A. collections could inspire writing creativityB. it was good for parents to have collections ‎      C. inspirations were very useful in writing stories ‎      D. setting collection subjects restricted inspirations        ‎ 答案59.B 60.D61.B62.A ‎ ‎59.解析：这是一道细节题。第一段“Each child （aged 12～13） beautified a box and wrote a story on the subject of collections to throw inside it.”说明孩子们被要求为这项活动写故事。‎ ‎60.解析：这是一道猜义题。根据上文中“We’ve collection foreign coins for years—since our families went on holiday to Tenerife，” she explains.可猜测出pesetas的意思是一种外币。‎ ‎61.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段“The subject chosen by Lauren was an imaginative one.”可推断出Lauren和Charlotte两人充分发挥了自己的想像力。‎ ‎62.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段“Millie Murray，who is a teen－novel author，thinks that setting the subject of collections was a useful inspiration to their creativity rather than a restriction.”可推断出Millie Murray认为收藏可促进写作的创造性。‎ 第17题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷)‎ From Mr. Ward Hoffman. ‎ ‎    Sir, I was halfway through Professor Raj Persaud's article “What's the tipping point"(Financial Times Weekend, April 9-l0) when it occurred to me that what I was reading was not ironic(讽刺的). If Prof Persaud wants to know why Americans tip in restaurants, he need only ask the first American he meets in London.‎ ‎    Americans tip in restaurants for one reason, and one reason only: we tip to supplement (补贴) the salary of restaurant workers. Quality of service does not enter into it, beyond the fact that one may tip a bit less for poor service, or a little more for good service.‎ ‎    Not tipping at all in a non-fast-food restaurant is not a choice. In the US, one used to tip about 15 per cent for dining in a family-style restaurant or in an upmarket (高档的) restaurant. Here, in San FranciscoBay area restaurants, we are encouraged to tip 20 per cent or more, to help restaurant workers live in this very expensive area.‎ ‎   After eating at an Italian restaurant in my city, I left a tip of 20 per cent on the non-tax part of our dinner bill. It was expected. There is nothing more complicated (复杂的) than that about Americans tipping in restaurants. ‎ Ward Hoffman,  ‎ Palo Alto‎, ‎CA‎94306, ‎US ‎*                *                  *‎ From Mr. Philip McBride Johnson.‎ ‎    Sir, I agree with most of Raj Persaud's opinions about the doubtful value of tipping, but with one exception(例外). Tips can be very useful when one is a repeat customer or diner.‎ ‎    It is only when the tipper is a stranger and likely to remain so that the system does not work to his or her advantage. But frequent a hotel or a restaurant, always tip a bit more, and the difference in service and treatment will be easily felt.‎ Philip McBride Johnson,‎ Great Falls‎, ‎VA‎22066, ‎US ‎68. What can we learn from Hoffman's letter?‎ ‎     A. Quality of service determines tipping in the US.‎ ‎     B. Americans don't tip in non-fast-food restaurants.‎ ‎     C. Tipping in US upmarket restaurants is unnecessary.‎ ‎     D. How to tip in the United States is not complicated.  ‎ ‎69. Johnson's letter shows ________.‎ ‎     A. a stranger in a restaurant is likely to tip a bit more ‎     B. diners receive better service if they frequent a restaurant ‎     C. repeat diners may get good service if they tip a bit more ‎     D. the tipping system works to the advantage of new customers        ‎ ‎70. From the two letters, we can learn Professor Raj Persaud ______ .‎ ‎     A. feels doubtful about the value of tipping ‎     B. believes tipping improves quality of service ‎     C. wants to ask Hoffman about tipping in the ‎US ‎     D. thinks tipping a bit more one can get good service             ‎ ‎71. The two letters most probably appears in a ______.‎ ‎     A. notice                B. handbook           C. book review    D. newspaper   ‎ 答案68.D 69.C70.A71.D ‎ ‎68.解析：这是一道主旨题。Hoffman的信说明在美国如何给小费并不复杂。‎ ‎69.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据Johnson信中的最后一句话“But frequent a hotel or a restaurant，always tip a bit more，and the difference in service and treatment will be easily felt.”可推断出如果多次去一家餐馆聚餐并且付的小费多的话就会得到好的服务。‎ ‎70.解析：这是一道细节推断题。这两封信中“Sir，I agree with most of Raj Persaud’s opinion about the doubtful value of tipping，but with one exception.”说明Raj Persaud对付小费的价值表示怀疑。‎ ‎71.解析：这是一道判断文章出处题。根据这两封信讨论的内容可判断出它可能出现在报纸上。‎ 第18题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语广东卷)‎ ‎     Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power, commands respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can't be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.      Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow? ‎ ‎     Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat them like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity (慷慨) that's never forgotten.      Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism (批评) , which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees. "Catch people doing something right!" he says. Then tell everyone about it.‎ ‎     Take informed risks. " The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise," says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz. "Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand. "       Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait for others to take charge. But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail － and not die a thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.       Encourage enthusiasm (热情). "When people understand the importance of work, they lend their mental strengths," says Lee Ducat. But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job. That's a great force! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be enthusiastic yourself － You will be followed by everyone. 60. The underlined word "cultivated" (paragraph 1) roughly means _______. A. encouragedB. comparedC. examinedD. developed 61. The part Always give credit tells us that a leader should _______. A. give helpful criticismB. regard others as real heroes C. praise people for their good performancesD. praise everyone 62. To be a good leader, you should _______. A. not be afraid of any risksB. think twice before taking risks C. try to avoid any possible failuresD. know what a thoughtless exercise is 63. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Leadership Is of Skills and TechniquesB. Leadership Is Very Important C. Not Many Can Be LeadersD. How to Be a Leader 答案60.D 61.C62.B63.D ‎ ‎60.解析：这是一道猜义题。根据第一段“Unlike vitamin C， leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down.可猜测出cultivated的意思是“发展”。领导技巧不像维生素C那样可以一下子吞下去，而是逐步发展起来的。‎ ‎61.解析：这是一道猜义题。根据下文“Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat them like heroes.”可猜测出这句话的意思是“对人们好的表现给予表扬”。‎ ‎62.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据Take informed risks.中的“The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise.”可判断出作为领导者必须“三思而后行”。‎ ‎63.解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了领导艺术，即如何成为一个好的领导。‎ 第19题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语广东卷)‎ ‎      "Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?" asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University‎ of ‎Edinburgh. "There is certainly a lot of energy in waves," he said. ‎ ‎       Scientists are working to use that energy to make electricity. Most waves are created when winds blow across the ocean. "The wind starts out by making little ripples (涟漪) , but if they keep on blowing, those ripples get bigger and bigger and turn into waves," Taylor said. " Waves are one of nature 's ways of picking up energy and then sending it off on a journey.      When waves come toward the shore, people can set up dams to block the water and send it through a large wheel called a turbine (涡轮机) . The turbine can then power an electrical generator to produce electricity.      "The resource is huge," said Janet Swain of the Worldwatch Institute. "We will never run out of wave power. " Besides, wave energy does not create the same pollution as other energy sources, such as oil or coal. Oceans cover three-quarters of the Earth's surface - that would make wave power seem ideal for creating energy throughout the world, though there are some weak points yet to overcome. ‎ ‎      Swain said that wave power still costs too much money. She also said that its effects on sea animals are still unknown. What is more, wave power could affect fishing and boat traffic. ‎ ‎      Traditional sources of energy like oil and gas may someday run out. " Demand for energy to power our TVs and computers, drive our cars, and heat and cool our homes is rising rapidly throughout the world," Swain said. In the future when you turn on a light, an ocean wave could be providing the electricity! 64. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _______. A. test the readers' knowledge about wavesB. draw the readers' attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylor's importanceD. invite the readers to answer them 65. The underlined phrase "picking up" (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _______. A. starting againB. speeding upC. gatheringD.‎ ‎ improving 66. We can make better use of wave energy if we _______. A. shorten its journey to thousands of homesB. build more small power stations on the oceans C. reduce the cost of turning it into electric power D. quicken the steps of producing electricity 67. It can be inferred that some day we might not worry about ________. A. air pollutionB. our boat trafficC. our power supplyD. our supply of sea fish 答案64.B 65.C66.C67.C ‎ ‎64.解析：这是一道猜测作者意图题。根据短文的内容可判断出作者提出这两个问题的目的是把读者的注意力吸引到主题上来。‎ ‎65.解析：这是一道猜义题。根据下文中的“sending it off on a journey”可猜测出picking up的意思是“聚集”。‎ ‎66.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第四段“Swain said that wave power still costs too much money.”可判断出如果我们减少把它转变成电能的价格，我们就能够很好地利用波浪能。‎ ‎67.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段 “The resource is huge，” said Janet Swain of the Worldwatch Institute. “We will never run out of wave power.”我们可以推断出将来我们可能不必担心我们电能的供应。‎ 第20题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语广东卷)‎ ‎       In 1837, the historian Carlyle made the first recorded use of the word " queue" (排队). He spoke of the French and their "habit of standing in a queue". Forty years later Paris was the best place to wait in line.       However, queuing became popular in Britain too. The Second World War was the golden age of queuing, and people joined any line in the hope that it was a queue for something to buy. This was the source of many Second World War jokes:      Shopkeeper to customer : Excuse me, miss, are you pregnant (怀孕)?      Customer : Well, I wasn't when I joined the queue.      Today, according to research in America, we (in Britain) can spend up to 5 years of our lives queuing－ as compared to twelve months looking for things we have lost. But things may be changing. Many people no longer have the patience to stand in a queue. The law of the jungle (丛林) has begun to operate at bus stops, with people using their arms to push others out of the way. ‎ ‎      One way to make life easier is to introduce "queue management". Customers at supermarket cheese counters can now take a ticket with a number which appears on a screen when it is their turn. And while they wait for their number, they can do a bit of ‎ shopping.       In some booking offices there is also a system telling customers how long they may have to wait before they are served. ‎ One of the latest technical progress is the use of an electronic scanner (电子识别器) which can read all the contents of your shopping basket or trolley in just a few seconds. If these become popular, queuing in supermarkets may become a thing of the past.       But some people just like queuing. One man queued all night for Harrods famous January sale, and then returned home for breakfast at nine o' clock the next morning without going into the shop. 68. The joke in Paragraph 2 implies that the young woman _______. A. has been waiting in the queue for a long timeB. doesn't need to stand in the queue C. enjoys standing in the queueD. has stood in the wrong line 69. According to the passage, which of the following is true? A. The British spend more time queuing than looking for lost things. B. The Americans criticized the British for their way of queuing. C. The British are always patient when they wait in line. D. People queue only when they want to buy something. 70. The British try to solve the problem of queuing by all the following EXCEPT _______. A. making a law to prevent queuingB. telling the customers the waiting time C. using numbered tickets to put the customers in order D. checking the price of the goods customers buy with a scanner 71. We can infer from the passage that ________. A. queue management doesn't work wellB. there is still queuing in England C. we don't see much queuing in ParisD. the French like queuing more than the British 答案68.A 69.A70.A71.B ‎ ‎68.解析：这是一道细节推断题。“Well， I wasn’t when I joined the queue.”表明人们排队时间很长。在排队前没有怀孕，而现在怀孕了，可见其时间之长。‎ ‎69.解析：这是一道判断正误题。根据第三段“Today，according to research in America， we （in Britain） can spend up to 5 years of our lives queuing—as compared to twelve months looking for things we have lost.”可判断出英国人花费在排队上的时间比找东西的时间多。‎ ‎70.解析：这是一道判断正误题。根据短文内容可判断出选项A是被排除在外的。‎ ‎71.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段“But some people just like queuing.”可判断出在英国人们仍然在排队。‎ 第21题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语江西卷)‎ ‎     He wishes the holiday season would end already . His back aches , his red suit feels like a spacesuit , his cheeks have gone tight from smiling for 12 hours —and still the kids keep coming and coming , like ants at a picnic . As Christmas becomes more commercialized (商业化) across the U. S. and Canada , so must Santas . As the holiday begins earlier each year, so must its spokesmen . ‎ ‎     The questions from children these days are harder than ever . Now, with thousands of children expecting a father or mother serving in Iraq or Afghanistan , the questions are as heart-breaking as they are unanswerable . For example , “Can you please bring Daddy home from the war in time for Christmas morning ?”‎ ‎     Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控). A professional Santa Claus in Canada told a story : A Santa had a girl on his knee , and he commented , “You have nice eyes and nice hair .” The girl later said it was sexual harassment (骚扰) . When a Santa feels anxious , he often shows it in the same ways ordinary people do : The Santas were always seen to hang around at the dinner table when the show ended . Many of them just sleep in bed for several days and don’t see other children again .‎ ‎56.In the first paragraph , “spokesmen” refers to        .‎ ‎    A.businessmen                          B.political leaders ‎ ‎    C.organizers of the activities     D.Santa Clauses ‎ ‎57.The passage implies that the job of Santa Claus is        .‎ ‎    A.well-paid     B.very hard     C.worth doing     D.dangerous ‎ ‎58.According to the third paragraph, Santas may sometimes be blamed for        .‎ ‎    A.doing something against the law B.hanging around the dinner table ‎ ‎    C.being lazy and sleeping in bed for days D.not playing their roles as expected ‎ ‎59.What would be the best title for the passage ?‎ ‎    A.Christmas : Not a Good Festival for Santas B.Is Santa Claus Really Alive ?‎ ‎    C.A Christmas Story D.What Does Santa Claus Do for Children ?‎ 答案56.D 57.B58.A59.A ‎56.解析：这是一道推测题。第一段最后一句的主语是holiday，问题问的是spokesmen，圣诞节的代言人当然应该是圣诞老人了。‎ ‎57.解析：这是一道推测题。文章第一段讲了“他背痛，他的红衣服像太空服，他的脸颊因为笑了12小时而变紧了”，说明圣诞老人的工作很辛苦。‎ ‎58.解析：这是一道细节题。第三段说圣诞老人受到指控，因此应该是做了一些违背法律的事情。‎ ‎59.解析：这是一道主旨题。文章第一段讲了圣诞老人的工作很辛苦，第二段说小孩的提问更难回答，第三段还讲了被投诉的故事。说明圣诞节对圣诞老人来讲真的不是好节日。‎ 第22题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语江西卷)‎ ‎      Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools? ‎ ‎      A supporter of co-educational schools would probably say that schools should be like the societies they belong to .In Hong Kong , men and women mix socially on a day-to-day basis .In many fields men are even likely to have female bosses .It is ,therefore, desirable that boys and girls grow up together ,go to school together ,and prepare themselves for a society that does not value sexual separation.‎ ‎     Some would go on to argue further that growing up with members of the opposite sex is important for personal development .Regular contact （接触）can remove the strange ideas about the opposite-sex and lead to more natural relationships .Single-sex conditions are seen as leading to more extreme opinions, and possibly even as encouraging homosexuality（同性恋）,though there is no proof that this is the case.‎ ‎     Those who are against coeducation often also fix their attention on the sexual side .Some parents fear that close contact with members of the opposite sex is dangerous for teenagers .They want their children to be attentive to their studies .Such parents feel uncomfortable with modern ways and the free mixing of the sexes.‎ ‎     A stronger argument comes from research into school results .Girls grow up earlier than boys ,tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages .In a mixed class ,boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker .Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed （惊动）the government for it to be encouraging co-educational schools to have some single-sex classes .In the UK the best schools are all single-sex ,strongly suggesting that co-education is not the best answer .This may ,however ,not be as simple as it looks .It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex ,rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools.‎ ‎72.In the third paragraph ,by saying “though there is no proof that this is the case” ,the writer means that         .‎ ‎    A.students in single-sex schools will certainly become homosexual ‎    B.students in co-educational schools cannot have extreme opinions ‎    C.students in co-educational schools are likely to be homosexual ‎    D.single-sex school conditions may or may not have effects on the students.‎ ‎73.All the following arguments can be found in the passage EXCEPT that       .‎ ‎    A.co-education can produce a society-like situation ‎    B.co-educational schools may lead to love affairs between boys and girls ‎    C.co-education will help develop a better understanding about the opposite sex ‎ ‎    D.co-education can make boys perform well in mixed classes ‎74.Alarmed by the situation ,the UK government encourages        .‎ ‎    A.co-educationB.single-sex education ‎    C.single-sex classes in co-educational schools ‎    D.co-educational classes in single-sex schools ‎75.At the end of the passage the writer suggests that        .‎ ‎    A.single-sex schools are the best schools in the ‎UK ‎    B.being single-sex does not necessarily make a school better ‎    C.co-educational schools are better for both sexes in personal development ‎    D.because boys cannot compete with girls in study ,they go to single-sex schools 答案72.D 73.D74.C75.B ‎72.解析：这是一道推断题，第三段指出没有证据证明单性学校会造成像同性恋这样的影响，即不一定会有这样的影响。‎ ‎73.解析：这是一道判断正误题。由于女孩发育早，语言能力更强，所以在混合班里男孩子要表现差一些，D错误。‎ ‎74.解析：这是一道细节推断题，根据encouraging co－education schools to have some single－sex classes可知英国政府鼓励在混合学校里面开设一些单性别班级。‎ ‎75.解析：这是一道推理题。最后一段说英国最好的学校都是单性别的学校，但未必是因为单性别而使得它们成为好学校，也许好学校恰好是单性别的。选C。‎ 第23题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语安徽卷)‎ ‎     Handshaking, though a European practice, is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached. ‎ ‎     Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No . Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to ‎ give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding (误解) among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved (保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.‎ ‎64. In the old days in Europe, people put out their unarmed hands to each other ______.‎ A. to make a deal                           B. to greet each other C. to show friendliness                       D. to reach an agreement ‎65. The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.‎ A. where handshaking was first practicedB. how handshaking came about C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade ‎ D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in ‎China ‎66. According to the text which of the following statements is true?‎ A. Westerners are more reserved than the Chinese.‎ B. Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.‎ C. We should make a judgment before shaking hands.‎ D. We shouldn’t shake hands with European women.‎ ‎67. The main purpose of the text is ______.‎ A. to tell us some differences between the East and the West B. to offer us some important facts about handshaking C. to introduce us to some different customs in the West D. to give us some advice before we travel abroad 答案64. C    65. B66. C   67. B ‎ ‎64.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段“It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met，they showed their unarmed hands to each other as a sign of goodwill.”可判断出在过去欧洲人相互出示没有武装的手表示友好。‎ ‎65. 解析：这是一道主旨题。第一段主要讲述了握手的起源。‎ ‎66.解析：这是一道判断正误题。根据短文最后一句话“So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.”可判断出握手前要作判断。‎ ‎67. 解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了在什么情况下握手比较得体，给我们提供了有关握手的事实。‎ 第24题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语安徽卷)‎ ‎    If you want to be a success, study at the University‎ of ‎Waikato is right for you. The university is internationally recognized for its excellence and achievements. It will help you develop advanced research skills. As a university student you can get first-class research facilities (设施) with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study. We pride ourselves on our high standards, our research success and our international recognition. For further information: inf@waikato.ac.nz. ‎ Degree ‎    We offer a wide choice of bachelor’s degrees (学位) for international students, which includes: Arts, Communication Studies, Social Sciences, etc. Bachelor of Music and Bachelor of Education are only for New Zealand citizens, for further information: deg@waikato.ac.nz.  ‎ Tuition Fees(学费)‎ ‎   Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui@waikato.ac.nz.  ‎ Accommodation(住宿)‎ ‎   You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc @ waikato. ac.nz Health ‎     The Student Health Service provides excellent medical services for students. The Medical Centre is open five days a week, including student holidays with four doctor's and nurses to meet your medical needs. For further information: heal@waikato.ac.nz. ‎ Sports ‎     The Centre is a great place to have sports activities. Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. The sports hall has volleyball, basketball and indoor football courts and a swimming pool as well. There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato. For further information: sport@ waikato.ac.nz ‎68. If you want to get more information about arts, you can write to ______.‎ A. sport@waikato.ac.nz                      B. heal@waikato.ac.nz C. deg@waikato.ac.nz                       D. inf@waikato.ac.nz ‎69. You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University‎ of ‎Waikato.‎ A. $5,250           B. $8,000             C. $9,000           D. $11,000‎ ‎70. According to the text, what will you do if you are ill during Christmas holidays?‎ A. Go to a hospital nearby.                    B. Buy some medicine in a drug store.‎ C. See a doctor at the school medical centre.      D. Try to get help from your classmates.‎ 答案68. C    69. B   70. C ‎ ‎68. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。第二段“Bachelor of Music and Bachelor of Education are only for New Zealand citizens，for further information：deg@waikato.ac.nz”告诉我们要获得更多有关艺术的信息可写信发往deg@waikato.ac.nz。‎ ‎69.解析：这是一道计算题。学费$5000～6000+100×12+150×12>8000。‎ ‎70. 解析：这是一道推断题。根据Health中的“The Medical Centre is open five days a week，including student holidays with four doctors and nurses to meet your medical needs.”可判断出如果在圣诞节有病必须去医院治疗。‎ 第25题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎     Reading is very important to help you learn English. To learn as much as you can from reading, you need to read different kinds of English. This book provides not only different kinds of English but also a good way to check your reading ability. ‎ ‎    There are four parts in the book:‎ ‎    Part 1 is Messages: In this part somebody wants to send information in writing to somebody else. There is a test on timetable and a test on text messages.‎ ‎    Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about people. For example, there is an informal letter between friends. There is formal(正式的) English in biography(传记). There is a job application as a model to help with your writing, as well as testing your reading.‎ ‎     Part 3 is Places: In this part, too, many different kinds of English are shown, some informal and some formal. There is the informal English of a holiday postcard. There is also the formal English in a letter of complaint.‎ ‎     Part 4 is Things: You will find some descriptive writing in this part. There are descriptions of clothes and of a computer.‎ ‎    You can do these tests in any order you like, or you can do all the tests with a formal or informal text. I enjoyed writing this book and I hope you enjoy using it.‎ ‎59. We can find the introduction to a product in ___________.‎ ‎   A. part 1     B. Part 2     C. Part 3       D. Part 4‎ ‎60. Which of the following is most probably written in informal English?‎ ‎   A. A letter of complaint.B. A computer handbook.‎ ‎   C. A letter of a friend.D. A story of a president.‎ ‎61. The passage is most probably written for _________.‎ ‎   A. test designers    B. students     C. test-takers    D. teachers ‎62. What is the best title of the book?‎ ‎   A. Test Your ReadingB. Help with Your Writing ‎   C. Learn Different Kinds of EnglishD. Practice English in Different Ways 答案59.D   60.C    61.B    62.A ‎ 解析：‎ ‎59.这是一道主旨题。根据Part 4 中“You will find some descriptive writing in this part. There are descriptions of clothes and of computer.”可判断出Part 4是产品的介绍。‎ ‎60.这是一道推测题。用非正式英语写的东西，而且根据第四段an informal letter between friends 可判断出选项C正确。‎ ‎61.这是一道推测题。从第一段“Reading is very important to help you learn English”和“to learn as much as you can from reading”均用了learn这个词，因此推断是给学生用的书。‎ ‎62.这是一道主旨题。从第一段“This book provides not only different kinks of English but also a good way to check your reading ability”可以看出，本书也提供检查你的阅读能力的好方法，因此选A。‎ 第26题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎       “My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy,” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus‎, ‎California. “Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more. ‎ ‎        The children don’t just plan any city. They map and analyze（分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect（建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing building of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the ‎ class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected ‘official’ and ‘planning group’ make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”‎ ‎        CBEP is a test of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children’s own standards.‎ ‎63. The Program is designed ______________.‎ ‎   A. to direct kids to build solar collectorsB. to train young scientists for city planning ‎   C. to develop children’s problem-solving abilities ‎   D. to help young architects know more about designing ‎64. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom ____________.‎ ‎   A. to find out kids’ creative ideasB. to discuss with the teacher ‎   C. to give children lecturesD. to help kids with their program ‎65. Who is the designer of the program?‎ ‎   A. An official.      B. An architect.         C. A teacher.      D. A scientist.‎ ‎66. The children feel free in the program because ______________.‎ ‎   A. they can design future buildings themselves ‎   B. they have new ideas and rich imagination ‎   C. they are given enough time to design models ‎   D. they need not worry about making mistakes 答案63.C    64.D   65.C66.D ‎ 解析：‎ ‎63.这是一道细节题。第三段“CBEP is a set of... that teach the basic steps necessary for problem－solving”，由此可知，此项目的是提高孩子们解决问题的能力，选C。‎ ‎64.这是一道细节题。第二段“with the aid of an architect， they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations”可知，建筑师来教室是为了帮助孩子们解决程序中遇到的问题。‎ ‎65.这是一道细节题。第二段中间有“says the teacher who developed this program”可见教师是设计者。‎ ‎66.这是一道细节题。第二段“because there are no wrong answers in a future context”，可知孩子们感到自由的原因是不用担心犯错误。‎ 第27题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎    Everyone should visit a lighthouse at least once. ‎ ‎    The most important reasons for such a visit is to realize how our ancestors(祖先) battled nature with the basic tools they had. They had only basic ways of creating light, and yet they found a way of using this simple technology in isolated（孤零零的）places to save ships from hitting rocks.‎ ‎    Secondly, visiting lighthouses will help us to understand the lives of lighthouse keepers. By their very nature, lighthouses were built on some rocks of cliffs. Thus, the lighthouse keepers often lived lonely lives. To walk around their small home, and imagine the angry storm outside beating against the walls, is to take a step towards understanding the lives they had.‎ ‎    The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-looking in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience. Therefore, with the gentle waves touching all round the lighthouse, the visitor is likely to think it is a world preferable to the busy and noisy modern life.‎ ‎    Another reason for considering a visit is that the lighthouses themselves can be very attractive buildings. Mankind could often not be content just to put up a basic structure, but felt the need, even in such an isolated place, to build with an artistic touch. The result is a view for tired eyes to enjoy.‎ ‎    Finally, lighthouses have a romantic attraction, summed up by the image of the oil-skin coated keeper climbing his winding stairs to take care of the light to warn ships and save lives.‎ ‎67. What is the reason to look back into the past of a lighthouse?‎ ‎   A. To escape from the busy and noisy city.‎ ‎   B. To look for the tools used by our ancestors.‎ ‎   C. To experience the natural beauty of a lighthouse.‎ ‎   D. To learn about the living condition of lighthouse keepers.‎ ‎68. The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way” in Paragraph 4 means ____________.‎ ‎   A. far-away     B. dangerous      C. ancient       D. secret ‎69. Lighthouses were often built with an artistic touch _________.‎ ‎   A. to attract visitors       B. to guide passing ships ‎   C. to give a pleasant sight  D. to remember lighthouse keepers ‎70. How many reasons are mentioned for a visit to lighthouse?‎ ‎   A. Three        B. Four         C. Five          D. Six 答案67.D     68.A   69.C   70.C ‎ 解析：‎ ‎67.这是一道推断题。从第四段“The reasons are not all so backward－looking in time”可判断出答案应从第三段中寻找，即D项正好是第三段讲的原因，了解守塔人的生活条件。‎ ‎68.这是一道猜测词义题。前面讲了灯塔修建在“isolated placed，built on some rocks or cliffs”，因此可以推测out－of－he－way是“偏远的”意思。dangerous危险的，ancient古代的，secret秘密的。‎ ‎69.这是一道细节题。第五段最后一句“The result is a view for tired eyes to enjoy”可知，修建有艺术格调的灯塔是为了外观美丽。‎ ‎70.第二段到第六段每段讲了一个原因，因此是5个。‎ 第28题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎     In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people. ‎ ‎     I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied（依赖）on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit(追求)of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.‎ ‎     However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “ I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that wouldmeana lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.‎ ‎71. What does this passage mainly talk about?‎ ‎   A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.‎ ‎   B. Opinions about competition are different among people.‎ ‎   C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.‎ ‎   D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.‎ ‎72. Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?‎ ‎   A. It pushes society forward.B. It builds up a sense of duty.‎ ‎   C. It improves personal abilities.D. It encourages individual efforts.‎ ‎73. The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means __________.‎ ‎   A. those who try their best to winB. those who value competition most highly ‎   C. those who are against competition most strongly ‎   D. those who rely on others most for success ‎74. What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?‎ ‎   A. One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.‎ ‎   B. One’s success in competition needs great efforts.‎ ‎   C. One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.‎ ‎   D. One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.‎ ‎75. Which point of view may the author agree to?‎ ‎   A. Every effort should be paid back.‎ ‎   B. Competition should be encouraged.‎ ‎   C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.‎ ‎   D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.‎ 答案71.B    72.A    73.C    74.A   75.D ‎ 解析：‎ ‎71.这是一道主旨题。第一段就讲了对竞赛有争论，此后，整篇文章都在谈不同的人对于竞赛的看法，因此选B。 ‎ ‎72.这是一道细节题。第一段“Some value it highly， believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”说明它能推动社会的发展。‎ ‎73.这是一道推测词义题。the most vocal前有一句话“they strongly blame competition”，因此推测the most vocal代表了反对竞赛的人。‎ ‎74.这是一道细节题。desire to fail后说了一种想法与它相同，紧接着“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self－respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others”，因此选A。‎ ‎75.这是一道主旨题。第一段列举了对比赛的两种看法，第二段讲许多孩子过分追求成功和表现出色，第三段反映了作者的看法“what is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had tried and lost， they would mean a lot”，所以说作者同意“在竞赛中不应该害怕失败”的观点。‎ 第29题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语山东卷)‎ ‎       Millions of people visit YosemiteNational Park every year to see the tall waterfalls and mountains. These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed form the valley floor. Lots of stores, hotels, and restaurants are needed to handle the crowds. Also, water, roads, and other service systems are part of the infrastructure (基础设施) that must be maintained. ‎ ‎       Unfortunately, these systems are starting to break down. It’s not just in Yosemite but in national parks around the nation.‎ ‎       Yosemite is thirty years old according to Dennis Galvin, a National Park Service worker. The Park is not only old but worn out. Two or three times as many visitors come every year. That is too many visitors for the park to deal with.‎ ‎       Four years ago a storm washed out a water pipeline in the Grand Canyon. The National Park Service had to send water trucks to provide water for the visitors. Last month pipes almost broke again and roads had to be closed for a while.‎ ‎       Why hasn’t the National Park Service kept up the park repairs? There is a lack of money. The United States has 378 monuments, parks, and wilderness areas. Between three and four billion dollars are needed for repairs.‎ ‎       Yosemite is one national park that does have money for repairs. It has two hundred million dollars but cannot spend it any way it chooses. When the park workers started widening the road, they were forced to stop by the Sierra Club. The club claimed that the road work was damaging the Merced River that runs through the park.‎ ‎       A sierra Club lawyer, Julia Olson, feels that the infrastructure needs to be moved out of Yosemite. That way less pressure will be put on the already crowded park.‎ ‎65. According to the text, the mountains in Yosemite look most splendid when they are appreciated from ______.‎ A. the bottom of the valleys                               B. the top of the mountains C. the side of the mountains                              D. the edge of the valleys ‎66.National parks like Yosemite in the U.S.‎ find it increasingly difficult to meet the need of ‎ visitors because ______.‎ A. their transport management needs improving B. they spend too much on their service systems C. their service systems frequently go out of order D. they need help from environmental organizations ‎67.The main problem of YosemiteNational Park is its ______.‎ A. rundown water pipes                                    B. overcrowdedness C. lack of money                                              D. narrow roads ‎68.   According to the text, the Sierra Club is most likely to be ______.‎ A. an environmental group                               B. an information center C. a travel service                                             D. a law firm 答案65.A66.C67.B68.A ‎65.解析：这是一道细节题。从第一段“These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.”可以看出从山谷底部看去，Yosemite看上去非常壮观。‎ ‎66.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段“Unfortunately， these systems are starting to break down. It’s not just in Yosemite but in national parks around the nation.”可判断出像Yosemite这样的美国国家公园很难满足游客需求的原因是它们的设施常常出毛病。‎ ‎67.解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段“That is too many visitors for the park to deal with.”可推断出Yosemite国家公园的主要问题是人太拥挤。‎ ‎68.解析：这是一道细节推断题。倒数第二段“The club claimed that the road work was damaging the Merced River that runs through the park.”表明Sierra Club是一个环境保护组织。‎ 第30题(年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ Letter to Editor of TV Weekly Dear Sir/Madam,‎ ‎      I read Alison Burnham’s review of When we were 12,and I do not agree with her.I thought the programme was wonderful-I found the old news pictures really interesting-they helped to bring to life the stories the people were telling.‎ ‎      The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood.For example,one day when I was about five,I was going to school on the bus by myself（this was the late 1960s）.My mother had given me exactly the right money for a return ticket.I held out my hand with the money in it-one big coin on top of one little coin.The bus conductor took the big top coin only and she gave me a ticket,but it was a pink one for a single journey.I needed a white one for a return journey,but I was too frightend to say anything.When school finished for the day,I couldn’t catch the bus home-I had to walk.As a grown-up,whenever I’ve been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action,this early memory of my bus ride comes back to me,and I’m able to take control of the situation.‎ ‎        I would like to say to the director,Bret Chrysler,carry on making this kind of programme.Too much TV these days is quiz shows and so-called“reality programmes.”I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and cry.‎ Your faithfully,‎ Chris Daniels ‎68.What is Chris Daniels’ purpose of writing this letter?‎ ‎  A.To persuade Bret Chrysler to turn away from quiz show.‎ ‎  B.To entertain other readers with old news pictures.‎ ‎  C.To express his appreciation of the programme.‎ ‎  D.To have his story told on the programme.‎ ‎69.Chris Daniels tells the story about the bus ticket to     .‎ ‎  A.describe how painful his early experience was ‎  B.draw a direct response from Alison Burnham ‎  C.show how the programme made him think ‎  D.teach the readers of TV Weekly a lesson ‎70.According to the passage,Chris Daniels had to walk home because     .‎ ‎  A.he hadn’t got a return ticketB.he had lost his bus ticker ‎  C.he didn’t like big crowdsD.he missed the bus home ‎71.What does Chris Daniels now think about his experience on the bus?‎ ‎  A.He should have told the conductor then.B.He should have been well treated.‎ ‎  C.He regrets going to school alone.D.He wishes it hadn’t happened.‎ 答案68.C        69.C              70.A       71.A ‎ 第31题(年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ T-shirts out;uniforms in ‎       School uniforms are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A.That’s no surprise,because they offer many benefits.They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling（标记）that come from clothing.If all students are dressed in the same way,they will not pay too much attention to their clothing,and some of them will not be laughted at for wearing the“wrong”clothes.‎ ‎      Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms,but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule-wanting to look just like their friends.The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers;school uniforms tear those barriers down.‎ ‎       As in other places,uniforms remind the wearers of their purpose and duties.For example,when a man or woman puts on a police uniform,he or she becomes,for a time,the symbol（象征）of law and order.The uniform means to the wearer his of her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets.People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another.For students,the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.‎ ‎      Some parents are unhappy about uniforms,saying that school uniforms will affect their children’s “creativity.”First,as noted above,the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality（个性）.They just copy their classmates.Second,students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like.While they’re in school,their job is to master reading,writing,and math;this should take up all the creativity they have.Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.‎ ‎72.In Paragraph 1,the word“benefits”probably means     .‎ ‎  A.tasks  B.messages  C.differences  D.advantages ‎73.From the passage we learn that uniforms in general     .‎ ‎  A.prevent the wearers from being laughed at B.help the wearers keep their duties in mind ‎  C.are seen as a symbol of powerD.help to create social barriers ‎74.Some people are against school uniforms because     .‎ ‎  A.they fail to realize that students have accepted the uniforms ‎  B.they believe that uniforms will make students less creative ‎  C.they don’t agree that uniforms can remove social barriers ‎  D.they think that school uniforms are too popular ‎75.The author would probably agree that     .‎ ‎  A.it makes no difference whether to wear school uniforms or not ‎  B.students’individuality may not come from school education ‎  C.students’ creativity is related to the clothes they choose ‎  D.school uniforms help to create equality among students 答案72.D73.B        74.B        75.D ‎ 第32题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷Ⅰ)‎ ‎       The Americans believe that anybody can become President of the United States. In a recent Hollywood comedy（喜剧）, that is exactly what happens. ‎ ‎       Dave Kovic, played by Kevin Kline, is a kind-hearted man who runs a business that finds people jobs. He leads a typical（典型的）American way of life, except for one thing－he looks exactly like the President, Bill Mitchell. In fact, the only thing that makes him different from the nation’s leader is that he is very nice!‎ ‎      The President has started using look-alikes during some public appearances.  Dave is offered a chance to “serve his country” by becoming one. However, things go wrong. The President becomes very ill and Dave ends up acting as the President forever. ‎ ‎       Director Ivan Reitman, who made the popular and successful comedies like Twins, Ghostbusters and Legal Eagles, could have gone for easy laughs by making fun of the American government. Instead, Dave is an attractive comedy about an ordinary man in extraordinary situations. Kevin Kline gives a double performance as Dave and the President, and Sigourney Weaver is at her best as his First Lady. The love story that develops between her role and Dave is a real classic（经典）. ‎ ‎      The film is 100% American. However, if you’ve ever felt that anybody could do a better job running the country than the people in power, then you’ll enjoy Dave!‎ ‎63. What is the purpose of the text?‎ A. To tell the reader about the American government. ‎ B. To discuss the Americans’ ideas about the President. ‎ C. To make a comparison between Dave and other films. ‎ D. To introduce a new film to the reader. ‎ ‎64. Who plays the role of the President in the film?‎ A. Sigourney Weaver.B. Kevin Kline. C. Bill Mitchell.D. Ivan Reitman. ‎ ‎65. The underlined word“one”in the 3rd paragraph refers to______. ‎ A. the President B. the director   C. an actorD. a look-alike ‎66. Which of the following is best supported by the text?‎ A. The author makes fun of the President. B. The author thinks highly of the film. ‎ C. The author is a fan of Hollywood comedies. ‎ D. The author wishes to become the American President. ‎ 答案63. D              64. B       65. D             66. B ‎ 第33题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷Ⅰ)‎ ‎      Like many lovers of books, Mary and her husband, Richard Goldman, seldom walked past a bookstore without stopping to look inside. They often talked of opening their own store one day. ‎ ‎     When Mary was hospitalized with heart trouble in 1989, they decided it was time to get serious. Richard, who worked for a business company, was eager to work for himself, and Mary needed to slow down from her demanding job. ‎ ‎      They started by talking to bookstore owners and researching the industry. “We knew it had to be a specialty store because we couldn’t match the big chains dollar for dollar, ”says Mary. One figure caught her attention：She’d read somewhere that roughly 20 percent of books sold were mysteries（推理小说）, and many buyers spent more than $300 a year on books. She and Richard were themselves mystery readers. ‎ ‎       On Halloween 1992, they opened the Mystery Lovers Bookshop and Café near their home. With three children in college, the couple could not spend all the family’s money to start a shop. To cover the $100, 000 cost, they drew some of their savings, borrowed from relatives and from a bank. ‎ ‎      The store merely broke  even in its first year, with only $120, 000 in sales. But Mary was always coming up with new ways to attract customers. The shop had a coffee bar and it offered gifts to mystery lovers and served dinners for book clubs that met in the store. She also invited dozens of writers to discuss their stories. ‎ ‎       Today Mystery Lovers makes sales of about $420, 000 a year. After paying taxes, business costs and the six part-time sales clerks. Richard and Mary together earn about $34, 000. ‎ ‎      “The job you love may not go hand in hand with a million-dollar income, ”says Richard. “This has always been about an enjoyable life for ourselves, not about making a lot of money. ”‎ ‎72. When Mary was in hospital, the couple realized that______. ‎ A. they had to put their plan into practice         B. health was more important than wealth C. heart trouble was a serious illness               D. they both needed to stop working ‎73. After Mary got well from her illness they began______. ‎ A. to study industrial managementB. to buy and read more mystery books C. to do market research on book businessD. to work harder to save money for the bookstore ‎74. How did their bookstore do in the first year?‎ A. They had to borrow money to keep it going.B. They made just enough to cover all the costs. ‎ C. They succeeded in earning a lot of money. D. They failed though they worked hard. ‎ ‎75. According to Richard, the main purpose of running the bookstore is______. ‎ A. to pay for their children’s education       B. to get to know more writers C. to set up more bookstores                               D. to do what they like to do 答案72. A       73. C             74. B              75. D ‎ 第34题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷Ⅱ)‎ ‎       When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible-and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health.Indeed,research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite（胃口）and better sleep patterns.“People who forgive show less anger and more hopefulness,”says Dr. Frederic Luskin,who wrote the book Forgive for Good.“So it can help save on the wear and tear on our system and allow people to feel more energetic.” ‎ ‎      So when someone has hurt you,calm yourself first.Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature,someone you love.Don’t wait for an apology.“Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing,”says Dr. Luskin.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting a very long time.”Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you.Mentally going over your hurt gives power to the person who brought you pain.Instead,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you.Finally,try to see things from the other person’s perspective（视角）.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance（无知）,fear-even love.To gain perspective,you may want to write a letter to yourself from that person’s point of view.‎ ‎65.The text is mainly written to explain______.‎ A.how to keep yourself from being hurtB.how to stay mentally healthy C.how and when to remain calmD.why and how to pardon others ‎66.According to the writer,what is the right way to calm down after being hurt?‎ A.Try to figure out why you get hurt.B.Write a letter to the person who hurt you.‎ C.Persuade yourself to accept what others have done to you.‎ D.Think about pleasant things and forget about the hurt.‎ ‎67.Dr. Luskin advises us not to wait for an apology after being hurt because ‎______.‎ A.we are not patient enoughB.we’d feel worse accepting others’ apology C.people seldom want to apologizeD.people don’t mean it when they apologize 答案65.D        66.D              67.C    ‎ 第35题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷Ⅲ)‎ ‎      ◆Cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when Moulin Rouge by the Australian director Baz Luhrmann opens the French film festival（电影节）in May. The musical stars ‎ Nicole Kidman as a singer, and John Leguizarmo as the artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. It will be competing for the Palme d’Or, the festival’s top prize. The festival runs to May 21. ‎ ‎       ◆The American actor Tommy Lee Jones, 54, has married his longtime girlfriend, Dawn Maria Laurel, 36, in a private wedding in San Antonio. “It wasn’t a big to-do, ”said Fred Biery, a U. S.  District Judge who performed the service. He refused to discuss things further. “These are very private people. ”he said. ‎ ‎       ◆Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold in Tennessee and will miss several appearances. The country singer, 65, was admitted to a hospital near her home in Hurricane Mills. “She is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely. ” a spokeswoman said. ‎ ‎       ◆The French-Algerian singer Enrico Macias was named a United Nations peace messenger. Enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys（使者）for the United Nations, among them are the writer Elie Wiesel and the basketball player Magic Johnson. ‎ ‎73. We can learn from the text that Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec is______. ‎ A. a figure in a film                                B. a dancer in a show C. a country singer                                D. a prize winner ‎74. We know from the text that______. ‎ A. Moulin Rouge won the top prize in a film festival B. Loretta Lynn is under the doctors’ care C. eight people serve as the UN goodwill envoys D. Fred Biery was Tommy Lee Jones’ assistant ‎75. This text most probably appears in______. ‎ A. a book on film stars                                  B. a film review in a magazine C. a newspaper                                      D. a notice 答案73. A              74. B              75. C ‎ 第36题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷Ⅳ)‎ ‎       Sitting is an art that isn’t getting passed along.People these days feel as though they have to be doing something.If they are not working,they are jogging,or playing tennis or golf,or taking courses to improve their minds or bodies－or they are parked in front of the TV.Sitting in front of the TV isn’t sitting－it’s watching. ‎ ‎       People used to sit a whole lot.You would walk down the street or drive down the road,and there they would be,out on the doorsteps,sitting.You could go down to the store and sit on the bench out front in the summer or around the fire in the winter.There were sitting benches out in the town square.At the ‎ garage,there were staight-backed chairs.There among the oilcans and tires and spare parts,you could kick back and sit.‎ ‎      Houses used to have sitting rooms,where the grown-ups would go after Sunday dinner.Mom and Dad,Grandpa and Aunt Ruby would sit and digest（消化）the fried chicken and talk about Aunt Ethel’s illness,and how well the minister did today.Outside,the children would play,and the afternoon would pass by in a comfortable haze（悠闲的氛围）.‎ ‎    That sort of thing looks like doing nothing.A recharging battery（正充电的电池）doesn’t look as if it’s doing anything either.Sitting restores your soul.If you want to enjoy a truly full life,don’t just do something – sit there.‎ ‎63.What message does the author try to get through to us?‎ A.People should make better use of their sitting room.‎ B.People should spend less time watching TV.‎ C.People should pass down their good habits.‎ D.People should take things easy for their own good.‎ ‎64.We can learn from the second paragraph that_______.‎ A.people lived a more restful life in the pastB.towns were built to make living convenient C.small town garages had a lot to offerD.people enjoyed going out for a drive ‎65.The sitting room mentioned in the text used to be a place for________.‎ A.eating foodB.watching TVC.gathering together D.playing with children ‎66.From the text we know the writer believes________.‎ A.sitting has a good spiritual effectB.sitting helps people remember the past C.a sitting room may have different purposesD.a sitting room is important for the old 答案63.D        64.A       65.C              66.A       ‎ 第37题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语天津卷)‎ ‎     Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures（文化）.The increasingly popular“design museums”that are opening today,however,perform quite a different role.Unlike most art museums,the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public.These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the center of the hall. ‎ ‎     People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology.But their role is not simply a matter of sales—it is the honoring of excellently invented products.The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a ‎ design museum is that the first tries to sell you something,while the second tells you the success of a sale.‎ ‎     One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits.Unlike the average art museum visitors,design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled（困惑）.This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work and look as they do,and how design has improved the quality of our lives.Art museum exhibits,on the other hand,would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their understanding.‎ ‎     In recent years,several new design museums have opened their doors.Each of these museums has tried to satisfy the public’s growing interest in the field with new ideas.London’s Design Museum,for example,shows a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins.The choices open to design museums seem far less strict than those to art museums,and visitors may also sense the humorous（幽默的）part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting and unusually attractive toys collected in our everyday life.‎ ‎72.Showcases in design museums are different from store windows because they______.‎ A.show more technologically advanced productsB.help increase the sales of products C.show why the products have sold wellD.attract more people than store windows do ‎73.The author believes that most design museum visitors______.‎ A.do not admire mass-produced products B.are puzzled with technological exhibits C.dislike exhibits in art museumsD.know the exhibits very well ‎74.The choices open to design museums______.‎ A.are not as strict as those to art museumsB.are not aimed to interest the public C.may fail to bring some pleasure to visitorsD.often contain precious exhibits ‎75.The best title for this passage is______.‎ A.The forms of design museumsB.The exhibits of design museums C.The nature of design museums D.The choices open to design museums 答案72.C        73.D              74.A              75.C ‎ 第38题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语辽宁卷)‎ ‎       There are thousands of products of all colors and shapes in a supermarket, making you believe that they are worth a try. How?Packaging（包装）is the silent but persuading salesman. ‎ ‎      There on the shelves, each bottle, can, box, and jar has been carefully designed and measured to speak to the inner self of the consumer（消费者），so that he is buying not only a product but also his ‎ belief in life. Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found that the look of the package has a great effect on the“quality”of the product and on how well it sells, because “Consumers generally cannot tell between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products , ”as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers’ feeling for packaging, noticed. ‎ ‎       Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human attention quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word“green”today can keep food prices going up. ‎ ‎      Shapes are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are pleasing to both the eye and the heart. That’s why the round yellow M sings of McDonald’s are inviting to both young and old. ‎ ‎      This new consumer response（反应）to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people buy to satisfy both body and soul. ‎ ‎60. According to the passage, ______seems to be able to persuade a consumer to buy the product. ‎ A. the pleasing color of the packageB. the special taste of the product C. the strange shape of the packageD. the belief in the product ‎61. If a package or a product is round in shape, it can______. ‎ A. bring excitement to the consumersB. attract the consumers’ attention C. catch the eye movement of the consumersD. produce a happy and peaceful feeling ‎62. “And the word ‘green’ today can keep food prices going up. ”This sentence suggests that consumers today are______. ‎ A. starting to notice the importance of new foodB. enjoying the beauty of nature more than before C. beginning to like green vegetablesD. paying more attention to their health ‎63. It can be inferred from the passage that V8 is a kind of______. ‎ A. vegetable dish                                                  B. healthy juice C. iced drink                                                              D. red vegetable 答案60. A              61. D             62. D                   63. B ‎ 第39题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语辽宁卷)‎ ‎     Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical（判断性的）thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking ‎ processes（过程）. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education. ‎ ‎      The word“critical”here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen—beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning. ‎ ‎     Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it. you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas,  characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker. ‎ ‎      Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in  today’s world：fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence（智力），you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, “Please go slowly. I don’t understand things quickly. ”‎ ‎72. Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,       . ‎ A. it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast B. we might be controlled by other people’s ideas C. we will follow the ideas of others naturally D. we might be fooled by other people’s ideas ‎73. If you are a critical thinker, you will______. ‎ A. think deeply about different ideasB. trust the reports in the newspapers C. take one view against another viewD. criticize other people for their mistakes ‎74. In the last paragraph, “something new”suggests that______. ‎ A. the smarter you are, the faster you do things B. the faster you do things, the smarter you become C. speed can improve intelligenceD. intelligence is not decided by speed ‎75. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Thinking and Critical ThinkingB. Understanding Critical Thinking C. Thinking Is Natural and HumanD. Thinking Fast Means Intelligence 答案72. B              73. A              74. D             75. B ‎ 第40题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语福建卷)‎ ‎       A teacher of English as a second language is the Teacher of the year in the United States.Kathy Mellor of Rhode Island will spend the next year as an international spokeswoman for education.President Bush and his wife,Laura,honored her during a ceremony（仪式） at the White House last week. ‎ ‎      For the past nineteen years,Kathy Mellor has taught English as a second language at Davisville Middle School in North Kingstown,Rhode Island,in the northeastern United States.She redesigned the program for E.S.L. students at her school to provide each student with one to three periods per day in classes for English learners.How much instruction the students get depends on their level of skill in listening,speaking,reading and writing.The amount of time they spend in these classes is reduced as their level of English increases.‎ ‎      A teacher describes this as the most successful E.S.L. program in North Kingstown.She also praises Kathy Mellor for providing help to students and their families by forming a local parents group for speakers of other languages.This improved their ability to help their children.‎ ‎      Kathy Mellor earned a master’s degree in education from Rhode Island College.She studied teaching English as a second language.‎ ‎    She was chosen for the national honor of Teacher of the Year from among top teachers in each of the fifty states.As Teacher of the Year,Kathy Mellor will travel around the United States and to other countries.She will talk about the importance of education and the work of teachers.‎ ‎56.This passage is mainly about______.‎ A.Teacher of the Year in the United StatesB.Ms Mellor’s English teaching instruction C.Ms Mellor’s teaching skills of learning EnglishD.praises to Ms Mellor from other teachers ‎57.What does“E.S.L.”in the passage stand for?‎ A.English study learners.                        B.English speaking and listening.‎ C.English special learners.                       D.English as a second language.‎ ‎58.From this passage we can learn that______.‎ A.middle school teachers from each state are honored Teachers of the Year B.middle school teachers in the USA have to get master’s degrees C.Ms Mellor’s students have no problems in learning English D.the American government pays much attention to education 答案56.A  57.D           58.D ‎ 第41题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷)‎ PrincetonUniversity Location The University is in Princeton，New Jersey.It is an hour’s train ride south of New York City  and an hour’s train ride north of Philadelphia.‎ Students There are 4 600 undergraduates（本科生）.There are also 1，900 graduate students，but Princeton is unusual among universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates.‎ Faculty Princeton has about 700 full-time faculty members（教员）.There are another 300 or so part-time and visiting faculty.All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.‎ Degrees Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees：the bachelor（学士）of arts（A.B.）degree and the bachelor of science in engineering（B.S.E.）degree.‎ Academic Year An academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two term（fall and spring）.A normal course load is four or five courses per term，although many students take extra courses.‎ Residences Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students.Freshmen and second year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges.Each college has its own dining hall，common rooms，and computer centers.‎ Fees and Expenses（Academic Year &）‎ Tuition（学费）：$29,910‎ Room and board：$8,387‎ Other expenses（books,telephone，etc.）：$3,083‎ Total：$41,380‎ ‎59.How many kinds of faculty members are there in PrincetonUniversity?‎ A.One.                      B.Two.                     C.Three.                   D.Four.‎ ‎60.In Princeton University，an undergraduate will pay at least______for the Academic Year - besides tuition.‎ A.$41,380                 B.$52,850          C.$11,470          D.$8,387‎ ‎61.In what way is PrincetonUniversity different from other American universities according to the text?‎ A.It has five colleges.B.Its students are mainly undergraduates.‎ C.It provides housing for all undergraduate students.‎ D.All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.‎ ‎62.Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A.Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees.‎ B.An academic year lasts about nine months in PrincetonUniversity.‎ C.Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges.‎ D.It’s about an hour’s train ride from PrincetonUniversity to the north of New York City.‎ 答案59.C        60.C              61.B        62.D       ‎ 第42题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语广东卷)‎ ‎      Shopping is not as simple as you may think!There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand （品牌） of product on the shelf. ‎ ‎      Colouring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. Health foods are packaged （包装） in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver. ‎ ‎      When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package—blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm. ‎ ‎      The size of a product can attract a shopper. But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to. ‎ ‎      It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 per cent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!‎ ‎      The most successful producers know that it’s not enough to have a good product. The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote （推销） their goods, came to the conclusion：“Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius （天才） to sell it. ”‎ ‎64. Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?‎ A. The cost of its package.                    B. The price of the product. ‎ C. The colour of its package.          D. The brand name of the product. ‎ ‎65. The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”（in Para.  3）means that the colours______. ‎ A. attracted the customers stronglyB. had weak effects on the customers C. tricked the customers into shoppingD. caused the customers to lose interest ‎66. Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?‎ A. The way to promote goods. B. The discovery of a genius. ‎ C. The team to produce a good product. ‎ D. The brand name used by successful producers. ‎ ‎67. Which of the following would be the best title for this text?‎ A. Choice of Good ProductsB. Disadvantages of Products ‎ C. Effect of Packaging on ShoppingD. Brand Names and Shopping Tricks 答案64. C       65. D             66. A              67. C ‎ 第43题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎       Geneva is situated between the Jura Range and the Alps on the western end of Lake Geneva.Capital of Peace is one of its names—the European headquarters of the United Nations lies here in Palais des Nations.Another worthy name for this city with a humanitarian tradition（人道主义传统）and international character is the World’s Smallest Metropolis.Parks,splendid stores and lively streets in the old part of town and its 2000-year history wait to be discovered. ‎ ‎        The Jet d’Eau together with the Flower Watch are the main attractions every year for the tourists visiting Geneva.The Jet d’Eau has become the symbol（象征） of Geneva for a long time.This is a 140 meters high water monument with a rich history.Eight 13 500-watt projectors light the grand column（圆柱） of the fountain in the evening,from early March until the second Sunday of October.The Flower Watch,which was created at the edge of the English Garden in 1955,reminds us about that Geneva is the birthplace of the Swiss clock and watch making,and that this industry has become international famous,as well through the quality of the watches as through their beautiful appearance.‎ ‎       Sails on Lake Geneva are also enjoyable.TheLake of Geneva,lying among the Alps,is a true inland sea,making possible a wide range of pleasant boat trips,you can relax and watch the beautiful scenes pass by.‎ ‎56.Which of the following is NOT suitable for describing Geneva?‎ A.Capital of Peace.B.Palais des Nations.‎ C.The World’s Smallest Metropolis.D.The birthplace of the Swiss clock and watch making.‎ ‎57.The Jet d’Eau in the second paragraph refers to______.‎ A.the water fountainB.theEnglishGarden C.a new scene with electric lightingD.the name of a famous watchmaker ‎58.What do we learn about the Lake‎ of ‎Geneva from the text?‎ A.It is the symbol of Geneva.B.It lies among the JuraRange.‎ C.It has a direct passage to the ocean.D.It is a large body of water of tourist interest.‎ 答案56.B57.A58.D ‎ 第44题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ ‎       Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country,you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week,how you can get along with your fellow students,and so on.These are the questions I want to discuss with you today. ‎ ‎      First,let’s talk about what your weekly schedule will look like.No matter what your major may be,you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures.‎ ‎     Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students,especially at large universities.In lectures,it’s very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information in a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks.Also,you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures.So it isn’t enough to just read your textbooks;you have to attend lectures as well.In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take.The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures,the reading,and the homework.In large universities,graduate students,called teaching assistants,usually direct discussion sections.‎ ‎       If your major is chemistry,or physics,or another science,you’ll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab,or laboratory,doing experiments.This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non-science majors do.On the other hand,people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.‎ ‎59.The main purpose of this text is______.‎ A.to help the students to learn about university life B.to persuade the students to attend lectures C.to encourage the students to take part in discussions D.to advise the students to choose proper majors ‎60.We can learn from the passage that university professors______.‎ A.spend about 5 hours on lectures each week B.must join the students in the discussion sections C.prefer to use textbooks in their lectures D.require the students to read beyond the textbooks ‎61.A discussion section does NOT include______.‎ A.working under the guidance of university professors B.talking over what the students have read about the courses C.discussing the problems related to the students’ homework D.raising questions about what a professor has said in a lecture ‎62.According to the author,science majors______.‎ A.have to work harder than non-science majors B.spend less time on their studies than non-science majors C.consider experiments more important than discussions D.read and write less than non-science majors 答案59.A60.D61.A62.D ‎ 第45题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语重庆卷)‎ A letter to Edward,a columnist（报刊专栏作家）‎ Dear Mr. Expert：‎ ‎    I grew up in an unhappy and abusive home.I always promised myself that I’d get out as soon as possible.Now,at age 20,I have a good job and a nice house,and I’m really proud of the independence I’ve achieved.‎ ‎     Here’s the problem：several of my friends who still live with their parents wish they had places like mine—so much so that they make mine theirs.‎ ‎     It started out with a couple of them spending the weekends with me.But now they seem to take it for granted that they can show up any time they like.They bring boyfriends over,talk on the phone and stay out forever.‎ ‎      I enjoy having my friends here sometimes—it makes the place feel comfortable and warm—but this is my home,not a party house.I was old enough to move out on my own,so why can’t I seem to ask my friends to respect my privacy（隐私）?‎ Joan Edward’s reply to Joan Dear Joan：‎ ‎      If your family didn’t pay attention to your needs when you were a child,you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now.‎ ‎      And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere（气氛）,you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with—or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy.You need to understand that in true friendship it’s okay to put your own needs first from time to time.‎ ‎      Be clear about the message you want to send.For example,“I really love your company but I also need some privacy.So please call before you come over.”‎ Edward ‎63.We can learn from the first letter that Joan______.‎ A.lives away from her parentsB.takes pride in her friends C.knows Mr.Expert quite wellD.hates her parents very much ‎64.We can infer from the first letter that______.‎ A.Joan considers her friends more important than her privacy B.Joan’s friends visit her more often than she can accept C.Joan doesn’t like the parties at all D.Joan dislikes the boyfriends her friends bring over ‎65.According to Mr. Expert,why can’t Joan tell her friends her feelings?‎ A.She is afraid of hurting her friends.B.She does not understand true friendship.‎ C.Her family experience stops her from doing so.D.She does not put her needs first.‎ ‎66.The underlined word“conflict”in the second letter means______.‎ A.dependent life            B.fierce fight                C.bad manners D.painful feeling ‎67.The second letter suggests that Mr. Expert______.‎ A.is worried about Joan’s problemB.warns Joan not to quarrel with her friends C.advises Joan on how to refuse peopleD.encourages Joan to be brave enough 答案63.A64.B65.C66.B67.C ‎ 第46题(年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ Blameless ‎       I was a freshman in college when I met the Whites.They were completely different from my own family，yet I felt at home with them immediately.Jane White and I became friends at school，and her family welcomed me like a long-lost cousin.‎ ‎      In my family，it was always important to place blame when anything bad happened.‎ ‎     “Who did this？”my mother would scream about a dirty kitchen.‎ ‎     “This is all your fault，Katharine，”my father would insist when the cat got out or the dishwasher broke.‎ ‎     From the time we were little，my sister，brothers and I told on each other.We set a place for blame at the dinner table.‎ ‎     But the Whites didn’t worry about who had done what.They picked up the pieces and moved on with their lives.The beauty of this was driven home to me the summer Jane died.‎ ‎     In July，the White sisters and I decided to take a car trip from their home in Florida to New York.The two older sisters，Sarah and Jane，were college students，and the youngest，Amy，had recently turned sixteen.Proud of having a new driver’s license（驾照），Amy was excited about practicing her driving on the trip.She showed off her license to everyone she met.‎ ‎    The big sisters shared the driving of Sarah’s new car during the first part of the trip，but when they reached less crowded areas，they let Amy take over.‎ ‎    Somewhere in South Carolina，we pulled off the highway to eat.After lunch，‎ ‎    Amy got behind the wheel.She came to a crossroads with a stop sign.Whether she was nervous or just didn’t see the sign no one would ever know，but Amy continued into the crossroads without stopping.The driver of a large truck，unable to stop in time，ran into our car.‎ ‎     Jane was killed immediately.‎ ‎     I was slightly injured.The most difficult thing that I’ve ever done was to call the Whites to tell them about the accident and that Jane had died.Painful as it was for me to lose a good friend，I knew that it was far worse for them to lose a child.‎ ‎     When Mr. and Mrs. White arrived at the hospital，they found their two daughters sharirng a room.Sarah had a few cuts on the head;Amy’s leg was broken.They hugged（拥抱）us all and cried tears of sadness and of joy at seeing their daughters.They wiped away the girls’ tears and made a few jokes at Amy as she learned to use her crutches（拐杖）.‎ ‎     To both of their daughters，and especially to Amy，over and over they simply said，    “We’re so glad that you’re alive.”‎ ‎    I was astonished.No blame.No accusations.‎ ‎    Later，I asked the Whites why they never talked about the fact that Amy was driving and had run a stop sign.‎ ‎     Mrs.White said，“Jane’s gone，and we miss her terribly.Nothing we say or do will ever bring her back.But Amy has her whole life ahead of her.How can she lead a full and happy life if she feels we blame her for her sister’s death？”‎ ‎    They were right.Amy graduated from the University of California and got married several years ago.She works as a teacher of learning-disabled students.‎ ‎     She’s also a mother of two little girls of her own，the oldest named Jane.‎ ‎57.The author of the passage is      .‎ ‎ A.Mrs.White’s niece B.Jane’s school friend ‎ C.The Whites’ cousin                   D.Sarah’s friend from college ‎58.How did the author’s parents differ from the Whites？‎ ‎ A.The author’s parents were less caring. B.The author’s parents were less loving.‎ ‎ C.The author’s parents were less friendly. D.The author’s parents were less understanding.‎ ‎59.How did the accident occur？‎ ‎ A.Amy didn’t stop at a crossroads and a truck hit their car.‎ ‎ B.Amy didn’t know what to do when she saw the stop sign.‎ ‎ C.Amy didn’t slow down so their car ran into a truck.‎ ‎ D.Amy didn’t get off the highway at a crossroads.‎ ‎60.The accident took place in      .‎ ‎ A.Florida     B.California         C.South Carolina         D.New York ‎61.The Whites did not blame Amy for Jane’s death because      .‎ ‎ A.they didn’t want Amy to feel ashamed and sorry for the rest of her life ‎ B.Amy was badly injured herself and they didn’t want to add to her pain ‎ C.they didn’t want to blame their children in front of others ‎ D.Amy was their youngest daughter and they loved her best ‎62.From the passage we can learn that      .‎ ‎ A.Amy has never recovered from the shock B.Amy changed her job after the accident ‎ C.Amy lost her memory after the accident D.Amy has lived quite a normal life 答案57.B58.D                     59.A                     60.C       61.A                     62.D ‎ 第47题(年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ English as a Foreign Language ‎      Who taught you to speak English？Your parents，while you were a young child？Your teachers at school？Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up.Whoever it was，somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.‎ ‎     There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language，and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue.There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.‎ ‎      Is this a good thing，or a bad thing？Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate，using a common language，across countries and cultures（文化）？Or should we worry about the dangers of“mono-culturalism”，a world in which we all speak the same language，eat the same food and listen to the same music？‎ ‎     Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language？On the contrary（相反），I would have thought-although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better，there would be fewer wars.Ask the people of India（where many of them speak at least some English）and Pakistan（the same situation with India）….‎ ‎       If we all speak English，will we then all start eating McDonalds burgers Surely not.If English becomes more dominant（占主导地位的），it will kill other languages？I doubt it.When I travel in Africa or Asia，I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages，as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.‎ ‎      When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago，we received a wonderfully poetic email from a listener in Ireland.“The English language is a beautiful language.Maybe it’s like a rose，”he said.“But who would ever want their garden just full of roses？”‎ ‎      Well，I love roses，and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden.But the way I see it，just by planting a few roses，you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else.If more and more people want to plant English roses，that’s fine by me.‎ ‎67.By saying“Ask the people of India…and Pakistan”（in Paragraph 4），the author is trying to show that      .‎ ‎ A.speaking the same language doesn’t necessarily bring peace ‎ B.wars can destroy the relationship between two countries ‎ C.English doesn’t kill other languages D.English is widely used in the world ‎68.What does“garden”in the last two paragraphs stand for？‎ ‎ A.Language.              B.Family.                  C.The world             D.The Earth.‎ ‎69.The author would probably agree that      .‎ ‎ A.it’s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden ‎ B.it’s good for people from other countries to learn English ‎ C.more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens ‎ D.English is easier to learn than other languages ‎70.This passage is mainly about      .‎ ‎ A.why English has become a global language ‎ B.how many people in the world speak English ‎ C.how people in the world learn English as a foreign language ‎ D.whether we need to worry about English being a world language 答案67.A               68.C                     69.B               70.D ‎ 第48题(年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语上海卷)‎ ‎       Transportation and communication networks bring people together.  Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers (障碍) to transportation and communication.  ‎ ‎       In some countries, laws stop people from moving freely from place to place.  Over the centuries, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality.  In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities.  South Africa’s government used to  require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country.  Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move.  ‎ ‎       Countries set up customs posts at their borders.  Foreign travellers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country.  Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas (签证).  Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year.  Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country, or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay.  ‎ ‎       Many of those barriers to travel also act as barriers to communication.  When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or ideas freely.  Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret.  ‎ ‎       Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before.  Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily.  The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome.  But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas.  ‎ ‎78.  The examples in paragraph 2 are used to tell the readers that      .  ‎ ‎ A.  people have been allowed to travel freely within the country ‎ B.  people have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons ‎ C.  travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas ‎ D.  customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries ‎79.  Some governments limit the freedom of communication because     .  ‎ ‎ A.  they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others ‎ B.  they think such freedom will lead to wars ‎ C.  they often disagree with each other on important matters ‎ D.  they want to show their authority over communication ‎80.  We may learn from the passage that      .  ‎ ‎  A.  people do not care about the removal of barriers between countries ‎  B.  people can not remove the obstacles made by themselves ‎  C.  man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome that natural ones ‎  D.  barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist ‎81.  Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A.  Barriers Made by People B.  Functions of Communication ‎ C.  Restrictions on Transportation D.  Progress of Human Society 答案78.  B        79.  A80.  C81.  A 第49题(2003年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ Native Tongue ‎       At first Kate thought the Romanian girl could not speak and understand English.Nadia would not reply to anything Kate said.Kate was in charge of showing Nadia around on her first day at Buckminster Grade School.Kate could not figure out why the school had put Nadia in a class where she could not understand what people were saying.‎ ‎     “Why did they do this?”Kate wondered aloud.“I mean,you can’t learn if you can’t understand the teacher.”‎ ‎      Nadia’s voice was a whisper.“I understand English.I will learn.”Nadia’s English was perfect.‎ ‎       Kate was perplexed.She couldn’t understand why Nadia did not like to speak.Then she realized that moving to a new country probably wasn’t the easiest thing to do.There were hundreds of unfamiliar and unusual things to learn—all at the same time.‎ ‎     “There’re a lot of new things to learn,huh?”said Kate.‎ ‎      Nadia nodded rapidly.In a quiet voice she replied,“Many things people say,I do not understand.I have been speaking English and Romanian all my life,but I do not know what some children are ‎ saying.For example,yesterday a boy asked if I could help him find the USB port on a thin black box he was carrying.Isn’t a port a place for ships?It made no sense to me.”‎ ‎      “Don’t worry,”said Kate.“You’ll figure everything out in time.You see,that thin black box was a computer.A USB port is a place where you can connect other machines to a computer.”‎ ‎        Nadia and Kate were quiet after that.They took notes while the teacher gave a maths lesson.To Kate’s surprise,Nadia put up her hand and offered to answer questions at the blackboard.‎ ‎       Nadia handled every question the teacher gave her.Some of the questions were really difficult,and no one understood what was going on except Nadia and the teacher.When the teacher said that Nadia answered everything correctly,the whole class clapped their hands.‎ ‎      Nadia was smiling when she sat back down next to Kate.“Some things,”she said in a normal voice,“are the same all over the world.”‎ ‎71.At the beginning of Nadia’s first day at school.She was______.‎ A.disappointed    ` B.helpfulC.livelyD.shy ‎72.The underlined word“perplexed”probably means______.‎ A.puzzled     B.angry        C.shocked  D.serious ‎73.We can infer from the passage that______.‎ A.Nadia did not like KateB.Nadia had lived by the sea before C.Nadia had never seen a computer beforeD.Nadia spoke in a soft voice out of politeness ‎74.Which of the following statements is true?‎ A.Nadia was better at maths than other students.‎ B.Nadia found some of the maths questions difficult.‎ C.Nadia was encouraged to answer questions in class.‎ D.Nadia understood the maths teacher better than other teachers.‎ ‎75.What is the message of the story?‎ A.Talking about something familiar gives you confidence in communication.‎ B.Answering questions in class makes you better understood by classmates.‎ C.Language plays an important role in communication between cultures.‎ D.Mathematics helps to improve communication between cultures.‎ 答案71.D               72.A73.C                     74.A                     75.A ‎ 第50题(2003年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ ‎      Have you ever got stuck with unwanted courses or a class schedule that cannot be changed?If so，that’s because you don’t know how to select the perfect schedule.But by following a few simple steps，you can begin any term with the right courses at the most convenient times. ‎ ‎     First，you must find the right courses.These are the ones that have the least amount of work，the fewest tests and the kindest professors.Ask your friends about courses in which they received A’s after attending only 70 percent of the classes.Ask around，too，to see which instructors have given the same tests for the last fifteen years.Photocopies of these tests are usually cheap and can be easily found in school.Then，pick up a copy of the master schedule and study it carefully.Find the course titles that mean an easy pass for a painless subject.Look for titles like “Arts and Crafts for Beginners.”and“Rock Music of the 1950s”.‎ ‎        Next，when you have got lists of easy instructors and subjects，you can begin to select your time periods.If you stay up late in order to watch old movies，you may want a daily schedule that begins no sooner than noon.You should schedule only afternoon courses，too，if you’re one of those people who hate to leave a warm bed in the morning.On the other hand，if you are a person who gets out of bed at dawn，you may want to get your classes out of the way as early as possible.That way you have the rest of the day free.Morning classes are also necessary if you are a soap opera（肥皂剧）fan.‎ ‎       Finally，you want your schedule to pass through registration successfully.The main way to do this is to register（注册）early.If a course does happen to be closed because you simply couldn’t register at 7：00 a.m.，you may still be able to get in.Talk to the professor and tell him or her that a serious and hardworking student like yourself would be a shining example to other students.Be sure to carry a list of back-up courses to registration，though，just in case one of your chosen classes changes professors or time periods.‎ ‎         By following these suggestions，any student can pick the perfect class schedule.College can thus become an almost pleasant activity.‎ ‎67.Which of the following statements is true?‎ A.You can get copies of tests if you are willing to pay the price.‎ B.“Rock Music of the 1950s” may be an easy course.‎ C.It is difficult to pick the perfect class schedule.‎ D.Attendance is required in all classes.‎ ‎68.You should           .‎ A.register for classes in the morning if you get up early B.have classes late in the morning if you stay up late C.sign up for afternoon classes if you want to see soap operas D.choose classes in the evening if you want to watch old films ‎69.If a course happens to be closed，you should           .‎ A.register at 7：00 a.m.                         B.sit in on the class anyway C.register for a back-up course               D.get help from the professor ‎70.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A.Course Registration Made EasyB.How to Find the Right Courses C.Classes and After-class ActivitiesD.How to Pick the Perfect Schedule 答案67.B68.A69.D70.D ‎ 第51题(2003年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语北京卷)‎ ‎     Children have their own rules in playing games.They seldom need a referee（裁判）and rarely trouble to keep scores.They don’t care much about who wins or loses，and it doesn’t seem to worry them if the game is not finished.Yet，they like games that depend a lot on luck，so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared.They also enjoy games that move in stages，in which each stage，the choosing of leaders，the picking-up of sides，or the determining of which side shall start，is almost a game in itself. ‎ ‎      Grown-ups can hardly find children’s games exciting，and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again.However，it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons.He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid.He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn.He can be confident，too，in particular games，that it is his place to give orders，to pretend to be dead，to throw a ball actually at someone，or to kiss someone he has caught.‎ ‎       It appears to us that when children play a game they  imagine a situation under their control.Everyone knows the rules，and more importantly，everyone plays according to the rules.Those rules may be childish，but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.‎ ‎71.What is true about children when they play games?‎ A.They can stop playing any time they like.B.They can test their personal abilities.‎ C.They want to pick a better team.D.They don’t need rules.‎ ‎72.To become a leader in a game the child has to           .‎ A.play well                                            B.wait for his turn C.be confident in himself                        D.be popular among his playmates ‎73.What do we know about grown-ups?‎ A.They are not interested in games.B.They find children’s games too easy.‎ C.They don’t need a reason to play games.D.They don’t understand children’s games.‎ ‎74.Why does a child like playing games?‎ A.Because he can be someone other than himself.‎ B.Because he can become popular among friends.‎ C.Because he finds he is always lucky in games.‎ D.Because he likes the place where he plays a game.‎ ‎75.The writer believes that           .‎ A.children should make better rules for their games B.children should invite grown-ups to play with them C.children’s games can do them a lot of good D.children play games without reasons 答案71.A72.B73.B74.A75.C ‎ 第52题(2003年普通高等学校春季招生考试英语上海卷)‎ ‎      A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man—the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts，usually beginning by working with his hands.While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common labourer or even the skilled factory worker，he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or labourer of some sort. ‎ ‎     This attitude toward manual（体力的）labour is now still seen in many aspects of American life.One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously（豪华的） furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel，expensive hobbies，and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself，will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward，furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of  something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery.On the contrary，the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes.A professional man may talk about washing the car，digging in his flowerbeds，painting the house.His wife may even help with these things，just as he often helps her with the dishwashing.The son who is away at college may wait on tab leand wash dishes for his living，or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.‎ ‎78.From Paragraph 1，we can know that in America           .‎ ‎ A.people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man ‎ ‎ B.people can always rise to the top through their own efforts ‎ ‎ C.college professors win great respect from common workers ‎ ‎ D.people feel painful to mention their fathers as labourers ‎79.According to the passage，the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because           .‎ ‎ A.servants in America are hard to get  B.she takes pride in what she can do herself ‎ ‎ C.she can hardly afford servants D.it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food ‎80.The expression“wait on table”in me second paragraph means          .‎ ‎ A.work in a furniture shop B.keep accounts for a bar ‎ C.wait to lay the table D.serve customers in a restaurant ‎81.Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A.A Respectable Self-made Family B.American Attitude toward Manual Labour ‎ ‎ C.Characteristics of American Culture D.The Development of Manual Labour 答案78.A79.B80.D81.B ‎ 第53题(2001年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语全国卷)‎ ‎      If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like“Shakespeare,”“Samuel Johnson,”and“Webster,”but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror. ‎ ‎      Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.‎ ‎     But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be ‎ cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.‎ ‎       When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more“foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.‎ ‎67.The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were       .‎ ‎  A.Welsh and Scottish  B.Nordic and Germanic ‎  C.Celtic and Old English  D.Anglo-Saxon and Germanic ‎68.Which of the following groups of words are, by inference, rooted in French?‎ ‎  A.president, lawyer,beef  B.president, bread, water ‎  C.bread, field,sheep  D.folk, field, cow ‎69.Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?‎ ‎  A.Most advertisements in France appear in English.‎ ‎  B.They know little of the history of the English language.‎ ‎  C.Many French words are similar to English ones.‎ ‎  D.They know French better than German.‎ ‎70.What is the subject discussed in the text?‎ ‎  A.The history of Great Britain.B.The similarity between English and French.‎ ‎  C.The rule of England by William the Conqueror.‎ ‎  D.The French influences on the English language.‎ 答案67.C        68.A              69.C              70.D ‎ 第54题(2001年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语上海卷)‎ Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page.（You may read the questions first.）‎ jaguarn. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the U.S. and in Central and South America.‎ jargon1 n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2 n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3 n. a language made up of two or more other languages：His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4 n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession：Her report on computers was filled with jargon.‎ jaunt 1 n. a trip taken for fun. 2 v. to go on a brief pleasant trip：We jaunted to the country last Saturday.‎ javelin1 n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting.2 n. a light-weight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3 n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4 v. to strike, as with a javelin.‎ jazz  1 n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2 n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3 n. slang empty talk. 4 adj. of or like jazz：a jazz band, jazz records.‎ jennetn. a small Spanish horse.‎ ‎75.Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below?‎ At the competition,Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.‎ A.Definition 1            ‎ B.Definition 2            ‎ C.Definition 3            ‎ D.Definition 4‎ ‎76.Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?‎ Doctors often speak in medical jargon.‎ A.Definition 1            ‎ B.Definition 2            ‎ C.Definition 3            ‎ D.Definition 4‎ ‎77.What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?‎ Don’t give me that jazz,for I am a practical person.‎ A.rhythmic beats                                          B.a type of music C.a kind of dance                                   D.meaningless talk 答案75.B            76.D           77.D ‎ 第55题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷)‎ 阅读短文，根据所读内容在文后76-85的空格里填上适当的单词或短语，并将答案转写到答题卡上。‎ 注意：每空不超过3个单词。‎ ‎   Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance,decrease youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors,and help young people grow into healthy,successful adults.‎ ‎    The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear.Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion ,improved grades , and higher scores on achievement tests.They also have fewer absences and are less ‎ likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behavior.Various studies show decreased rates of crime ,drug use ,and teen sex among youth who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youth who do not .Finally ,after-school programs play an important role in supporting the following fields of development:mental development and social development.Thus , one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.‎ ‎    Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference,it is important to note that not all programs are equal .First ,dosage（时量）matters —young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time.Next ,after-school programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices.Finally,program qualities matter .After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth.They should provide opportunities for positive relationships, skill building ,meaningful involvement（参与）,expression suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners ,create safe and fair environment,encourage personalized（个性化的）involvement,and actively create learning opportunities.In short, although after-school programs have promising future,how they are designed and run matters.‎ 答案76.Quality After-School Program 77.Aims78.decreasing youth crimes ‎79.Improved academic behaviors80.less blame81.drug use82.Intrgrated development/All-around development83.Result84.Assessments85.student difference