北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练4及答案 9页

密云区2019高考英语阅读理解系列训练（4）及答案 阅读理解、专题训练(**)、议论文的阅读 阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务 Healthy knees aren't the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)．“It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎)—and once you do it，it is too late，” said Dr.Casey Kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical School's department of physical medicine.“I compare it to smoking—one cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.Wideheeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，” Kerrigan said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”‎ In the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the women's knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.Compared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.‎ The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn't newscientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.But in 2019，Kerrigan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“This study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that highheeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said Dr.Glem Pfeffer，a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.‎ Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要 ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项 ‎1．We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because ________.‎ A．they want to walk comfortably B．chunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairs C．chunky heels do less harm to knees D．chunky heels are not painful at all ‎2．The study mentioned in the second paragraph found that ________.‎ A．pressure on the foot is caused by high heels B．the pressure is abnormal while walking barefoot C．arthritis is always caused by pressure on the knees D．both types of shoes have the same harm to the knees ‎3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.‎ A．people got to know the high heels are bad for health recently B．people have known the high heels are bad for health for years C．people haven't known the high heels are bad for health yet D．people will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon ‎4．Kerrigan's late study looked at the chunky highheeled shoes because ________.‎ A．they feel more comfortable B．they are related to knee osteoarthritis C．they are worn by many women D．they are different from stiletto heels ‎5．The best title for the passage may be ________.‎ A．Talking Healthy Knees into Consideration B．Highheels Do Harm to Knees C．Chunky Heels and Stiletto Heels D．When Wearing Highheels 参考答案 三、‎ The passage discusses the idea that high heels have bad effects on the knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for it，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.‎ ‎1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women ‎ wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服，A项与此意思相符。‎ 答案：A ‎2．解析：推理判断题。从第二段中的“The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知，两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的，所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。‎ 答案：D ‎3．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段开头“The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn't new—scientists have warned women for years that...”可知B项与此一致。‎ 答案：B ‎4．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见，起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋，Kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。‎ 答案：C ‎5．解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样，都对膝关节有损害。所以B选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。‎ 答案：B ‎**********************************************结束 ‎1.（201*·陕西卷）‎ Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically mondified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would ,is it the best solutiorr?‎ ‎ Despite what it promiises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp. In fact ‎ ‎ Studies show that the most crown GM croo.‎ GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.‎ Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM companics ‎ tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But nether is true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.‎ At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2019 World Bank report.‎ As a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.‎ ‎57.The author develops the second paragraph mainly . 【C】‎ A. by classification B. by comparison ‎ C. by example D. by process ‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean? 【D】‎ A. Control. B. Evaluate C. Obtain. D. Increase.‎ ‎59. GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________. 【B】‎ A. practicing “green” farming B. use of less chemicals C. fair distribution of their crops D. using more crops for fuel ‎60. Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?‎ ‎【C】‎ A. Optimistic B. Defensive C. Disapproving D. Casual ‎***************************************************结束 ‎ （London）—If it really is what’s on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.‎ ‎ Some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.‎ ‎ “Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat,” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial‎ ‎College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.‎ ‎ According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.‎ ‎ Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.‎ ‎ According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.‎ ‎ Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes. They want to prove that internal fat damages the body’s communication systems.‎ ‎ The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no short cut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle,” Bell said.‎ 11. ‎ What is this piece of news mainly about?‎ A. Thin people may be fat inside.‎ B. Internal fat is of no importance.‎ C. Internal fat leads to many diseases.[来源:1ZXXK]‎ D. Thin people also have troubles.‎ ‎12. Doctors have found _____.‎ A. the exact dangers of internal fat B. internal fat is the cause of heart disease and diabetes[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]‎ C. being slim is not dangerous at all D. being slim doesn’t mean you are not fat inside ‎13. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?‎ A. Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.‎ B. People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.‎ C. Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.‎ D. People with heart disease all have internal fat.‎ ‎14. From the last paragraph, we can find that _____.‎ A. whether internal fat can lead to disease has been proved B. exercise plays in important role in people’s life for keeping healthy C. thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slim D. it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat ‎15. The underlined part in the last paragraph means _____.‎ A. a long road B. an easy way C. a clear difference D. a short distance ‎[来源:1ZXXK]‎ 参考答案 ADDBB ‎**********************************************************结束 A woman whose sports car was stolen with her dog in it put up notices all over the area that made it clear getting back her pet was more important than her car.‎ ‎“Whoever did this can keep my car. Please let Benjerman come home,” the notice said.‎ It is not known whether the thief showed any pity, but almost 30 hours after the 1 pm theft Friday, Kimberly Atkins of Dover and Benjerman, a 12-year-old black retriever(猎犬), were reunited after police located them in Barrington.‎ ‎“He’s hungry, he’s dirty, but he’s very happy to be home,” Atkins said.‎ The car was found at about 5 pm Saturday off Route ‎125 in a swampy area frequented by off-the-road cars and dirt bikes. However, the police couldn’t control Benjerman, and they had to call Atkins to come and get him.‎ Atkins said the thief cared for Benjerman a little by providing him with some dry cat food. She believed Benjerman ended up drinking some muddy water in the area.‎ She said they have been together for nearly 11 years after she took him back from a society shelter in Dallas‎, ‎Texas.‎ Before Benjerman was found, Atkins and several friends put up notices all over the city and in Somersworth. They also contacted animal shelters throughout southern New Hampshire and Massachusetts.‎ The notice stated there was a reward, and also that the dog needed medication. Any caller could remain anonymous(匿名的).‎ Atkins had parked the car outside a hardware store with the keys inside and gone in to rent a carpet cleaner.‎ ‎“It was 10 minutes and I came out and my car was gone along with Benjerman in broad daylight,” Atkins said. The car thief threw Atkins’ wallet and other personal items out of the car before escaping from the scene.‎ ‎5. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. A car with a dog was stolen B. Lucky dog was returned to his owner C. Stealing cars: a most important social problem D. Woman wants dog back more than stolen car ‎6. Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened?‎ a. Notices were put up saying there was a reward.[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]‎ b. Atkins saw Benjerman again.‎ c. Police found Atkins’ car.‎ d. Atkins took Benjerman back from a society shelter.‎ e. Atkins hired a carpet cleaner in a hardware store.‎ A. d, e, a, b, c B. d, e, a, c, b C. e, a, d, b, c D. e, a, c, d, b ‎7. We can infer from the passage .‎ A. the dog was treated extremely badly by the thief B. car stolen accidents happen frequently nowadays C. the dog was found because of the reward D. the thief stole the car easily ‎8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Benjerman was sent back immediately after Atkins put up the notices.‎ B. Atkins and her friends made a great effort to look for Benjerman.‎ C. The thief gave the dog back but kept the sports car.‎ D. The dog was back at 1 pm on a Friday.‎ 参考答案 5—8、DBDB[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎*****************************************************结束 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.‎ A Children's Books: Hawking's fact and fiction George F．R．Ellis & Ruby BOOK REVIEWED-George's Secret Key to the Universe by Lucy & Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking's book A Brief History of Time was a huge commercial success．Its achievements in bringing difficult scientific ideas to a wide audience are not so clear．Now the distinguished physicist has teamed up with his daughter Lucy to produce a children's book designed to communicate contemporary physics．Will it capture the attention of young minds and teach them some real science? Or will it be boring and over the heads of the prospective readers?‎ George's Secret Key to the Universe is an adventure story complete with villains and hero and is illustrated with enjoyable line-drawings．It involves a lost pig, a humorously portrayed intelligent computer, school bullies and a trip through the Solar System．Didactic discussions on aspects of modern physics, such as supernova explosions and black-hole physics are hung on this set-up．There are also fact boxes on physics and astronomy, and some photographs of astronomical phenomena: planets, comets, galaxies and so on．Overall, the book is a serious effort to convey facts and ideas in present day astronomy and astrophysics, within a science-fiction adventure story．‎ The mixture is great．Children love facts and adventure stories．The combination will catch their interest and keep them occupied for hours．After ten minutes of leafing through the book, my granddaughter Ruby was deeply absorbed and I had to promise to bring it back for her to read after I had completed my review．Like any educational tool, it will succeed for some and not for others．I suppose there should be more of the former．‎ ‎1．Where do you think this passage is taken?‎ ‎ A．From a news story． B．From a textbook． ‎ ‎ C．From a book review． D．From an advertisment．‎ ‎2．Which of the following books is mainly reviewed in this passage?‎ ‎ A．George's Secret Key to the Universe B．A Brief History of Time ‎ C．The Nature of Space and Time D．Hawking's fact and fiction ‎3．What is the author’s attitude towards the book being reviewed?‎ ‎ A．It will be less successful． B．It will be more successful．‎ ‎ C．It will be a complete failure． D．It all depends on Ruby ‎4．The underlined word “leafing” （in the last paragrph） probably means ______]‎ ‎ A．adding leaves to a book B．throwing away a book ‎ C．tearing up a book D．turning pages of a book ‎ 参考答案 1-4 CABD ‎ ‎****************************************************结束