人教高考英语一轮练习题必修3U5含答案 7页

‎2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：必修3U5含答案 一、阅读理解。‎ In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don’t. About 65% of American men aged 62－74 with a professional degree are in the workforce(劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.‎ The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift(变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling(渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.‎ Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap(获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding(先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了在发达国家有专业技能的人的工作年限更长及其原因分析。‎ ‎1．What is the common phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries?‎ A．Younger people are replacing the elderly.‎ B．Welleducated people tend to work longer.‎ C．People with no college degree cannot find any job.‎ D．Unemployment rates are decreasing year after year.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“In many developed countries, people ‎ who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don’t.”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。‎ ‎2．In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that ．‎ A．economic growth will slow down B．government budgets will decrease C．more people will try to receive higher education D．there will be more competition in the job market A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) ... pensioners will create government budget problems.”可知，选A。‎ ‎3．According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries?‎ A．Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.‎ B．More and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs.‎ C．People may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.‎ D．Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D。‎ ‎4．The underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”．‎ A．a completely different environment B．practical knowledge and technical skills C．a better understanding of policy changes D．the courage to face difficulties and dangers B　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选B。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．After the typhoon, people found some tall trees, (measure) more than 10 meters, lying on the ground.‎ 答案：measuring ‎2．I live nearby. My house is within walking (distant) of the university.‎ 答案：distance ‎3．(2019·天津卷书面表达)Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep (impress)．‎ 答案：impression ‎4．The moment he caught sight the police, the thief ran away as fast as he could.‎ 答案：of ‎5．He was listening attentively in class, his eyes (fix) on the blackboard.‎ 答案：fixed ‎6．—Have you finished the report?‎ ‎—Oh, sorry. It was so noisy in the office that I couldn’t settle to writing anything.‎ 答案：down ‎7． (surround) by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.‎ 答案：Surrounded ‎8．It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot easy reach.‎ 答案：within ‎9．Though we left home very late, we managed (catch) the last bus.‎ 答案：to catch ‎10．He didn’t realize the love we have for our families is important he went through real hardship.‎ 答案：until 三、完形填空。‎ One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire.We didn't see the fire __2__ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I __3__ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in __4__ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)__5__ and knew what to do. __6__ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he __7__ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the __8__ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind __9__，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the __10__，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate.__11__ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove __12__ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her __13__ eyes.‎ After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became __14__，asking him what other jobs he had done before he __15__.Well，it turned out that he had done just about __16__ except brain surgery!‎ He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had __17__ him to retire.My father has a blood ‎ disorder as a result of that __18__，but that hasn't stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.‎ To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be __19__ of them，and remember that some day their __20__ might save your life.‎ ‎1．A.prevented B．permitted C．witnessed D．started ‎ ‎2．A.because B．unless C．after D．until ‎3．A.wanted B．managed C．promised D．happened ‎4．A.anger B．horror C．excitement D．embarrassment ‎5．A.carpenter B．electrician C．firefighter D．educator ‎6．A.Armed B．Satisfied C．Shared D．Identified ‎7．A.slid B．fell C．dashed D．walked ‎8．A.trees B．grass C．flames D．flowers ‎9．A.died off B．took on C．turned out D．picked up ‎10．A.fence B．truck C．furniture D．bucket ‎11．A.If B．Once C．Since D．While ‎12．A.through B．along C．over D．across ‎13．A.high B．wide C．fast D．far ‎14．A.curious B．suspicious C．concerned D．anxious ‎15．A.moved B．resigned C．retired D．suffered ‎16．A.everything B．nothing C．something D．anything ‎17．A.allowed B．encouraged C．invited D．forced ‎18．A.fire B．accident C．attempt D．explanation ‎19．A.afraid B．proud C．careful D．ashamed ‎20．A.culture B．learning C．skills D．languages ‎【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。‎ ‎【核心词汇】as a result of由于，因为(其后跟宾语)‎ be proud of为……感到骄傲 ‎1．D　根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。‎ ‎2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not...until...”结构。‎ ‎3．A　根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。‎ ‎4．B　由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。in horror“惊恐地”；in anger“生气地”；in excitement“兴奋地”；in embarrassment“尴尬地”。‎ ‎5．C　根据第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。‎ ‎6．A　本题考查be armed with的省略结构作状语，意为“用……装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。‎ ‎7．C　根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。‎ ‎8．C　根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。‎ ‎9．D　根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pick up“变大，变强”，符合语境。die off“相继死去，先后死去”；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是”。‎ ‎10．B　根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父亲走向卡车。‎ ‎11．B　考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一……就……，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自……以来，因为，既然”；D项“当……时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。‎ ‎12．A　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在……上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。‎ ‎13．B　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。‎ ‎14．A　根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。‎ ‎15．C　根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。‎ ‎16．A　根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everything except“除了……之外什么都……”符合语境。‎ ‎17．D　由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。‎ ‎18．B　根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试”； explanation“解释”。‎ ‎19．B　be proud of “为……感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。‎ ‎20．C　根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．These students would walk there rather than to take a bus. ‎ 答案：删掉to ‎2．The old lady took lots of baggages with her. It’s obvious that she needed our help. ‎ 答案：baggages→baggage ‎3．I still find it terrified to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses. ‎ 答案：terrified→ terrifying ‎4．My father has a gift of playing the piano, which has a great influence on me. ‎ 答案：of→for ‎5．His car knocked into the tree. Fortunately, he just got slight injured. ‎ 答案：slight→slightly 五、单元语法——同位语从句 ‎1．(2019·天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ 答案：that ‎2．(2019·浙江卷6月)A baby will come to accept the idea other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has.‎ 答案：that ‎3．The thought came to him he could use the money to help the poor.‎ 答案：that ‎4．The question the work was worth doing has not been decided.‎ 答案：whether ‎5．We haven’t yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.‎ 答案：where