2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U3及答案 7页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U3及答案 ‎***阅读理解。‎ In the dead of winter，we don't typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health—Vitamin D.‎ This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other lifethreatening diseases.The recommended daily requirement is 400600 International Units(IU)．In summer，people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D.‎ Even during winter，just a 10minute walk at midday can keep the body's Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.‎ Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks(蛋黄)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it.‎ To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency (缺乏)of Vitamin D．It made the children's bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem，and it has been available ever since.‎ For people who still need more Vitamin D，there is another option：Take Vitamin D supplements(补充物)．These products are widely sold in stores.However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first.‎ ‎1．During the winter months，people ________.‎ A．aren't able to meet their deadlines B．often don't dress warmly enough C．generally like to remain indoors D．leave lots of work for others to do ‎2．According to the text，Vitamin D ________.‎ A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun B．can be used to cure lifethreatening diseases C．can be mainly found in some milk products D．can make the children's bones soft and weak ‎3．Why is salmon mentioned in this article?‎ A．It's seldom prepared in the correct way.‎ B．It's a useful addition to a person's diet.‎ C．It has a huge impact on the environment.‎ D．Its advantages have been exaggerated.‎ ‎4．The main purpose of this article is ________.‎ A．to introduce a valuable nutrient B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements C．to note risks associated with a nutrient D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇科普文，主要介绍了维生素D的一些情况。‎ ‎1．C　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In the dead of winter，we don't typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should”可知，在冬天人们愿意待在室内。‎ ‎2．A　考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素D可以通过晒太阳获得，故选A。‎ ‎3．B　考查推理判断。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素D的食物，因此对我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选B。‎ ‎4．A　考查主旨大意。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分——维生素D。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ All of us have read thrilling stories. In many of __1__(they) the hero had only a __2__(limit) and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twentyfour hours, __3__we were always interested in __4__(discover) just how the dying man chose to spend his last days or his last hours.‎ Such stories set up thinking, wondering __5__we should do under similar circumstances. What __6__(happy) should we find in reviewing the past, and what regrets? Sometimes, I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day __7__if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would stress __8__(sharp) the values of life.‎ I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being __9__(be) stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him __10__(much) appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要描述了作者对生活的感悟，即努力过好每一天，珍惜眼下的生活。‎ ‎1．them　考查代词。介词of后接人称代词的宾格形式。they的宾格为them。‎ ‎2．limited　考查词性转换。此处limited和specified是并列关系，一起修饰time，所以填limit的形容词形式limited。‎ ‎3．but　考查连词。句意：有时长达一年，有时短到24小时，但是我们总是对发现垂死的人选择如何度过最后的时光或最后的几个小时感兴趣。根据语境可知，此处应用but表示转折。‎ ‎4．discovering　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be interested in后接名词或动名词作宾语。故填discovering。‎ ‎5．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。动词wonder后的宾语从句中缺少动词do的宾语，所以用连接词what引导。‎ ‎6．happiness　考查词性转换。感叹句中，what修饰名词，happy的名词形式为happiness。‎ ‎7．as　考查固定搭配。句意：有时我想，把每天都当作生命的最后一天来度过也不失为一个很好的生命法则。as if是固定搭配，意为“似乎，好像”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．sharply　考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词stress。故填sharply，意为“大幅度地”。‎ ‎9．were　考查虚拟语气。句意：我常常想，如果每个人在他成年的早期有一段时间处于眼盲、耳聋的状态，那会是一种幸事。根据句意可知，本句为虚拟语气。根据主句中的谓语动词“would be”可知，if从句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时，be动词一律用were。‎ ‎10．more　考查形容词的比较级。appreciative是多音节形容词，本句表示“黑暗让他更加感激光明”，应用形容词的比较级形式，故填more。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2019·河北石家庄高三复习教学质量检测二)‎ When my sister Diane began playing the violin，she was seven.How did she sound？Terrible.But she didn't __1__.At twelve，she asked our parents if she could __2__ a fulltime music school.They said no.Actually，everyone agreed that my sister__3__ talent.‎ I was better at my __4__.My teacher had told my parents that I had great__5__.So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to __6__ me.But the only time he was __7__ was Saturday afternoons at 3 p．m.. Back then，I was __8__ about the British TV show“The Avengers”，which was__9__ every Saturday at 3 p．m.. I let nothing take up my “The Avengers”hour.So I __10__ this amazing opportunity.Today，I don't even have a__11__ in my house.‎ My sister became an engineer，but she __12__ stopped making music.When she was in her ‎ 40s，she switched her __13__.She went back to college，got a(n)__14__ in music education，and became a music teacher.She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never __15__.‎ Recently，she and a pianist pal put on a recital.A big crowd of friends and family __16__ for her.As she played，I looked around at the __17__.Everyone was __18__ enjoying the music.It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly__19__ sounds and knew how far she had come，despite__20__.‎ Talent is important.But enthusiasm is even more important.‎ ‎1．A.advance　　　　　B．quit C．reflect D．listen ‎2．A.inspect B．open C．attend D．visit ‎3．A.lacked B．spotted C．possessed D．admired ‎4．A.major B．project C．composition D．instrument ‎5．A.patience B．enthusiasm C．potential D．ambition ‎6．A.train B．examine C．correct D．challenge ‎7．A.punctual B．skillful C．occupied D．available ‎8．A.sensitive B．crazy C．serious D．particular ‎9．A.filmed B．designed C．aired D．commented ‎10．A.jumped at B．turned down C．waited for D．opened up ‎11．A.tutor B．violin C．musician D．piano ‎12．A.never B．once C．already D．even ‎13．A.attitude B．career C．plan D．position ‎14．A.scholarship B．sponsor C．degree D．assistant ‎15．A.provided B．imagined C．received D．expected ‎16．A.voted B．feared C．stayed up D．turned up ‎17．A.students B．audience C．spotlights D．platform ‎18．A.obviously B．desperately C．appropriately D．anxiously ‎19．A.booming B．pleasing C．awful D．powerful ‎20．A.everything B．something C．everybody D．somebody ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述妹妹追求梦想的经历告诉我们：天赋很重要，但更重要的是热情。‎ ‎1．B　根据上文的“How did she sound？Terrible”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；结合本句的“But”表示的转折意义可知，但她没有放弃(quit)。‎ ‎2．C　根据上文可知，尽管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放弃；据此可以判断，本句句意为：在十二岁时，她问父母她是否可以去全日制的音乐学校上学。attend school为固定搭配，意为“上学”。‎ ‎3．A　根据上文的“They said no”和父母没有答应让她去全日制音乐学校学习可以判断，每个人都认为“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天赋，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．D　根据本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，与妹妹相比，“我”更擅长“我”的乐器。‎ ‎5．C　根据下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师来教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，老师告诉父母说“我”很有潜能(potential)。A项意为“耐心”，B项意为“热情”，D项意为“抱负”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6．A　参见上题解析。A项意为“培训，教育”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“改正”；D项意为“挑战”。‎ ‎7．D　根据语境可知，钢琴老师只有每周六下午三点有空。D项意为“有空的”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“准时的”，B项意为“技术好的”，C项意为“使用中”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．B　根据本句中的“about the British TV show”可判断，“我”热衷于一档英国电视节目。be crazy about为固定搭配，意为“热衷于”，故B项正确。A项意为“敏感的”，C项意为“严肃的”，D项意为“特别的，尤其的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．C　根据该句中的“every Saturday at 3 p．m.”可知，这档英国电视节目在每周六的下午三点播放。air在本句中意为“播出，播送”，属于熟词生义，故C项正确。A项意为“拍电影”，B项意为“设计”，D项意为“评论”。‎ ‎10．B　根据上文的“I let nothing take up my‘The Avengers' hour”可知，“我”不让任何事情占用“我”看这档节目的时间，据此可以判断，“我”拒绝了这一机会。B项意为“拒绝”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“迫不及待地接受”，C项意为“等待，等候”，D项意为“打开；开发；展示”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎11．D　根据本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判断，由于“我”拒绝了学钢琴，所以现在家里甚至一台钢琴也没有，故D项正确。‎ ‎12．A　根据空后两句可知，“我”妹妹在四十几岁时上大学学习音乐；据此可知，尽管“我”妹妹成了一名工程师，但是她从未(never)停止对音乐的追求，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．B　根据下文的“and became a music teacher”可知，在她四十几岁时，她改变了职业(career)，从工程师成为一名音乐老师，故B项正确。A项意为“态度”，C项意为“计划”，D项意为“地位；职位”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎14．C　根据句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大学学习音乐，并取得了音乐教育的学位(degree)，成了一名音乐老师。A项意为“奖学金”，B项意为“赞助人”，D项意为“助手”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎15．C　根据上文可知，“我”的父母认为妹妹没有音乐天赋，拒绝了妹妹上全日制音乐学校的请求，据此可以判断，妹妹做音乐老师时，给了孩子们她未曾得到(received)的鼓励和支持。A项意为“提供”，B项意为“想象”，D项意为“期望”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎16．D　根据上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位钢琴家举办了一场演奏会；据此可以判断，朋友和家人们都到场了。A项意为“投票”，B项意为“担心，害怕”，C项意为“熬夜”，D项意为“到达，露面”。‎ ‎17．B　根据下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的音乐；据此可知，“我”环顾了四周的观众(audience)，故B项正确。A项意为“学生”，C项意为“聚光灯”，D项意为“平台，讲台”。‎ ‎18．A　根据本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很显然(obviously)，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的音乐。B项意为“极其”，C项意为“恰当地”，D项意为“焦虚的；担心的；着急地”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．C　根据上文的“How did she sound?‎ ‎ Terrible”可知，七岁时，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故C项正确。A项意为“迅速发展的”，B项意为“令人愉快的”，D项意为“有力量的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．A　根据本句中的“and knew how far she had come, despite”并结合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七岁时演奏小提琴的糟糕的声音，只有“我”知道她不顾一切(everything)走了多远。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ Thanks for your concern in your letter about the smog which frequent strikes some areas of China. I'm also very worrying about such a terrible weather. It has brought much inconvenience or rather harm to people's health such as road accident, bad coughs and even lung cancers and so on.‎ It is known to all, good environment comes from careful protection. But we should do what we can protect it. I believe a small step can make a different. Try to drive less and choose airfriendly products. Only when everyone had the environmental awareness can we have a blue sky. Hope to hear from you and share my good ideas.‎ 答案：‎ Thanks for your concern in your letter about the smog which strikes some areas of China. I'm also very about such terrible weather. It has brought much inconvenience or rather harm to people's health such as road ， bad coughs and even lung cancers and so on.‎ is known to all, good environment comes from careful protection. we should do what we can protect it. I believe a small step can make a . Try to drive less and choose airfriendly products. Only when everyone the environmental awareness can we have a blue sky. Hope to hear from you and share good ideas.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第三处：去掉a　考查冠词。weather是不可数名词，不能和不定冠词搭配。故去掉a。‎ 第七处：protect前加to　考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我们应该尽我们所能去保护它。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故在protect前加to。‎ 第八处：different→difference　考查固定搭配。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响，起作用”。‎