上海市浦东新区高考英语一模试卷 41页

‎2019年上海市浦东新区高考英语一模试卷 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. ‎ ‎1．（1分）A． Blue．‎ B． Green．‎ C． Yellow．‎ D． Purple．‎ ‎2．（1分）A． 7：15．‎ B． 7：45．‎ C． 8：00．‎ D． 8：15．‎ ‎3．（1分）A． In a restaurant．‎ B． At the man's house．‎ C． In a supermarket．‎ D． In the hospital．‎ ‎4．（1分）A． The CEO won't be free at that time．‎ B． The lecture hall isn't big enough．‎ C． The equipment in the lecture hall is out of order．‎ D． The lecture hall is not reserved early enough．‎ ‎5．（1分）A． An athlete．‎ B． A fitness instructor．‎ C． A mechanic．‎ D． A medical doctor．‎ ‎6．（1分）A． Take a deep breath．‎ B． Take some aspirin．‎ C． See a doctor．‎ D． Drive to the hospital．‎ ‎7．（1分）A． The man shouldn't order food in such awful weather．‎ B． The delay of the delivery is caused by the awful weather．‎ C． There is a problem with the policy of food delivery．‎ D． The man should have his delivery fee returned．‎ ‎8．（1分）A． Having an outing．‎ B． Ordering various drinks．‎ C． Preparing for a party．‎ D． Choosing suitable drinks．‎ ‎9．（1分）A． Thoughtful．‎ B． Terrified．‎ C． Apologetic．‎ D． Annoyed．‎ ‎10．（1分）A． He followed his grandmother's steps of cooking．‎ B． He has a great talent for cooking．‎ C． He is a green hand in cooking．‎ D． He improved the dish of his grandmother．‎ Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two passages and a longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5分）（1）A． Literature．‎ B． Business．‎ C． Cooking．‎ D． History．‎ ‎（2）A． Christopher Columbus．‎ B． People in Mexico．‎ C． Hernando Cortez．‎ D． Daniel Peter．‎ ‎（3）A． The development of chocolate．‎ B． The introduction of Cortez．‎ C． The contributions of Columbus．‎ D． The usage of cocoa beans．‎ ‎12．（4.5分）（1）A． Les Misréables．‎ B． Red．‎ C． My Week with Marilyn．‎ D． The Theory of Everything．‎ ‎（2）A． He rose to fame overnight．‎ B． He has been a household name．‎ C． He was recommended by Prince Harry．‎ D． He first appeared in a stage play in 2004．‎ ‎（3）A． His small brown spots on the face．‎ B． His graduation from famous schools．‎ C． His remarkable gift for performing on stage．‎ D． His involvement in various styles of performance．‎ ‎13．（6分）（1）A． A chef tends to work at entry level jobs．‎ B． A chef works in a non﹣professional setting．‎ C． A chef has the ability to create the recipe．‎ D． A chef is as professional as a cook．‎ ‎（2）A． He received the training in the culinary （烹饪） school．‎ B． He stuck to the traditional recipe without any change．‎ C． He had a natural skill in cooking the cuisine．‎ D． His latest book was on the list of NYT bestseller list．‎ ‎（3）A． Make some easy dishes like chopping vegetables．‎ B． Cook with the accurate measurement and no spice．‎ C． Make an efficient and delicate cooking．‎ D． Cook with creativity and passion．‎ ‎（4）A． Working as a chef．‎ B． Dos and don'ts about a chef．‎ C． Tips for cooking．‎ D． Recommendation of a bestseller．‎ Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank. ‎ ‎14．（10分）‎ Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods？‎ ‎ Due to climate change， the world's endangered lists are no longer just for animals． We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a （1）　 　 （tasty） one as well．‎ ‎ As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to global warming （2）　 　 （continue） to affect weather， we often forget that they are also impacting the quantity， the quality， and the growing locations of our food． Some foods have already felt the impact while （3）　 　 may even become scarce within the next 30 years．‎ ‎ Whether or not you try to limit yourself （4）　 　 one cup of coffee a day， the effects of climate change on the world's coffee﹣growing regions may leave you little choice．‎ ‎ Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America， Africa， Asia， and Hawaii． The result？ Significant cuts in coffee yield．‎ ‎ According to organizations like Australia's Climate Institute， half of the present coffee﹣producing areas （5）　 　 （estimate） not to be suitable by the year 2050， if current climate patterns continue．‎ ‎ With temperatures continuously rising， oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own， （6）　 　 （cause） a decline in fish population， including in lobsters that are cold﹣blooded creatures， and in salmons （鲑鱼） （7）　 　 eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures． Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever （8）　 　 （take） with raw seafood， like oysters．‎ ‎ And how about that satisfying "crack" which you get when you are eating crabs and ‎ lobsters？ It could be silenced （9）　 　 shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate （碳酸钙） shells， which is a result of ocean acidification．‎ ‎ Even worse is the possibility （10）　 　 we will have no seafood to enjoy at all． In a 2006 Dalhousie University study， scientists predicted that if over﹣fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate， the world's seafood stocks would run out by the year 2050．‎ Section BDirections： Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10分）‎ A． partneredB． evolutionC． formerlyD． advanceE． tailored F． pursueG． transformingH． voluntarilyI． balancingJ． equalK． loyalty Workforce of the Future ‎ The workplace is changing rapidly． Rather than the standard working day of nine to five， employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives． Advances in technology are （1）　 　 the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace．‎ ‎ To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade， employee benefits provider Unum UK （2）　 　 with The Future Laboratory to survey 3，000 workers across several industries． They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce．‎ ‎ The result outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the next decade and predicts the（3）　 　 of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce． They are the obligated and the self﹣fulfilled workers．‎ ‎ "Obligated workers" refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation，（4）　 　 raising children with caring for elderly parents． Therefore， they value a career （5）　 　 to life stages and events and financial security． Joel Defries， 33， father of one kid and partner at London Vodka said， "A flexible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave （陪产假） and to value my family just as much as I value my job．"‎ ‎ Self﹣fulfilled workers are committed to life﹣long learning and acquiring new skills rather ‎ than （6）　 　 to an employer． They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them （7）　 　 both their personal and professional ambitions． They treat personal commitments and pursuits as （8）　 　 to professional commitments． Elly Kemp， 31，（9）　 　 a full﹣time employee， now working part﹣time in a caféand also assisting with her grandmother's care said， "My approach to work allows me the freedom to（10）　 　 my career at my own pace． I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and do whatever makes me happy at the time．"‎ Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. ‎ ‎16．（15分）Early decision ﹣ you apply to one school， and admission is binding （有法律约束力的） ﹣ seems like a great choice for nervous applicants． Schools （1）　 　 a higher percentage of early﹣decision applicants， which arguably means that you have a better chance of being enrolled． And if you do， you're done with the whole painful process by December． But most students and parents don't realize that schools have hidden （2）　 　 for offering early decision．‎ ‎ Early decision， since it's binding， allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students； it allows （3）　 　 committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come． It also gives schools a higher yield rate （优秀学生率）， which is often used as one of the ways to（4）　 　 college selectivity and popularity．‎ ‎ The problem is that this process effectively （5）　 　 the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point． Under （6）　 　 admissions， seniors have to choose which school to attend until May 1； early decision effectively steals six months from them， months that could be used to visit more schools， do more research， speak to current students and alumni （校友） and make a more（7）　 　 decision．‎ ‎ For any given student in America， whatever their levels are， there are a number of schools that are a great（8）　 　． When students become too fixed on a particular school early in the admissions process， that fixation can lead to（9）　 　 severe disappointment ‎ if they don't get in or， if they do， it is likely that they are now bound to go to a school that， given time for further （10）　 　， may not actually be right for them．‎ ‎ Early decision offers a genuine admissions edge． That advantage goes largely to students who already have（11）　 　 advantages． The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher﹣quality college guidance， usually a result of coming from a more advantaged background． （12）　 　， there's an argument against early decision， as students from lower﹣income families are far less likely to have the admissions know﹣how （招生诀窍） to（13）　 　 figure out the often confusing early deadlines．‎ ‎ Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they would be thrilled to get into should， under the current system， probably （14）　 　 under early decision． For students who haven't yet done enough research， or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools， the early﹣decision system needlessly and prematurely （15）　 　 the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options．‎ ‎（1）A． let in B． turn down C． make up D． give away ‎（2）A． dangers B． costs C． assumptions D． purposes ‎（3）A． admissions B． joint C． inquiry D． investigative ‎（4）A． detail B． measure C． achieve D． represent ‎（5）A． neglects B． provides C． shortens D． marks ‎（6）A． future B． regular C． random D． compulsory ‎（7）A． informed B． honoured C． imposed D． complicated ‎（8）A． fit B． aid C． hit D． net ‎（9）A． therefore B． otherwise C． however D． furthermore ‎（10）A． comment B． enhancement C． implication D． reflection ‎（11）A． mutual B． favourite C． numerous D． temporary ‎（12）A． In other words B． In this regard C． In particular D． In brief ‎（13）A． hesitantly B． relatively C． deliberately D． efficiently ‎（14）A． consult B． volunteer C． adjust D． apply ‎（15）A． occupies B． encloses C． narrows D． explores Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. ‎ ‎17．（8分）One recent night， while I was leafing through its pages of an old journal， my eyes met a quote by the British writer Graham Greene that I had marked． "A prejudice had something in common with an ideal．" In other words， ideals ﹣ general descriptions of people's expectations of themselves and others ﹣ can often lead us to unreasonable ideas． It got me thinking about how we often allow ourselves to generalize about groups of people． We like to stereotype people by the color of their skin， the year of their birth or any other related factors．‎ ‎ I grew up in a multi﹣racial corner of America． The different groups were often subject to narrow stereotypes： Jewish people were "greedy，" Mexicans were "poorly educated，" and Asians were "good at math．" These labels were taught to us from a young age． They wormed their way into our belief systems， harming how we came to see others． It made me sad growing up to see people repeat these stereotypes as if they were true． The rush﹣to﹣judgment of people breeds a culture of discrimination （歧视）．‎ ‎ You can also see these over﹣generalized description being made against today's Chinese people． Whether it be a lack of interest or worry among millennials （千禧一代） being described as "monkish，" or "dad﹣fashion （复古作风）" which has given the "greasy middle﹣aged men" tag， stereotypes always seem to gain a foothold in the consciousness of our society． But these generalizations do real harm as these myths may become part of the wider population．‎ ‎ It's about time that we， as a society， walked away from generalizations and stereotypes． I leave you with the words of Martin Luther King Jr． from his famous "I Have a Dream" speech： "I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin， but by the content of their character．" By reserving judgment and really getting to know the individual， you might just find your irrational ideas have no foundation．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， how do people tend to judge others？　 　‎ A． By describing people's personalities．‎ B． By truly getting to know those around．‎ C． By observing their noticeable features．‎ D． By following Martin Luther King's speech．‎ ‎（2）According to the author， a culture of discrimination appears because　 　．‎ A． people live in places of various races B． people are born with unreasonable ideas C． prejudices slightly influence people's belief system D． people usually make judgments without thinking twice ‎（3）Examples of "millennials" and "dad﹣fashion" are mentioned in Paragraph 3 to reveal　 　．‎ A． generalizations have unfavourable position in society B． generalizations have a negative influence on our society C． generalizations are found peculiar to the middle﹣aged Chinese D． generalizations make today's Chinese people lack interest or worry ‎（4）The passage is mainly concerned with　 　．‎ A． the common prejudice B． people's expectation of themselves C． the groundless worries D． the famous speech of Martin Luther King ‎18．（6分）When you cross deep water driving too fast， you risk splashing water up into the air box and having it get sucked into the internal engine， which is more common than you think． There are a few steps you should take to clear the water out before you try to start it：‎ ‎ 1．First， drain the fuel tank， fuel lines and the oil． While it's draining， put a fan on the wiring and dry it out． Remove and clean the carburetor （化油器）．‎ ‎ 2．Take the plugs out of the engine and turn it over to force any water out． Water will come out with the oil． Add oil to the engine and turn it over again， without the plug in． Let it sit for a while， then observe the oil to tell if there's any water in it （it will look like a white ‎ milky substance if there is water mixed with the oil）． If it's there， drain it again and start over until there is little or no white showing in the oil．‎ ‎ 3．Now re﹣install the spark plug， add gas， then try to start the engine． You should have a can of ether （乙醚） handy just in case it's stubborn， but don't use too much． If it starts， let it run for a few minutes without making it work faster．‎ ‎ 4．After it runs for several minutes， shut it off， drain the oil and change the filter（过滤网）． Run it again for a few minutes then shut it off and checks again for milky colored oil． If you have none， you should be good to go．‎ ‎ 5．If you cannot start the engine， you may have already ruined it and you will probably need to seek a professional to repair it， or， more likely， you'll have to replace it．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， a driver turns the engine over after oil is added to it so that he can　 　．‎ A． drain the oil and change the filter without any difficulty B． re﹣install the spark plug and get ready to start the car again C． make a milky substance which is the mixture of water and oil D． see whether there is any water in the engine by checking the oil ‎（2）The underlined word "stubborn" in paragraph 4 may probably means　 　．‎ A． reluctant to change B． hard to switch on C． insufficient to burn D． unable to take in ‎（3）This passage may be most helpful to　 　．‎ A． a policeman who knows much about car accidents B． a secretary who has just driven across a small pond C． a driver who is incapable of fixing the car by himself D． a teacher who is to carry out her routine car maintenance ‎19．（8分）One of the features of a successful business is its ability to employ creativity to constantly push into new territory． Without growth and innovation， businesses eventually fade away． Those with staying power， however， have mastered an often﹣overlooked ‎ factor that allows them to focus on the future clearly： empathy （共情）． While that may surprise many， I am certain that the ability to connect with and relate to others ﹣empathy in its purest form ﹣ is the force that moves businesses forward．‎ ‎ Though the concept of empathy might go against the modern concept of a traditional workplace ﹣ competitive， the reality is that for business leaders to experience success， they need to not just see or hear the activity around them， but also relate to the people they serve．‎ ‎ Some may think they want the results from doggedly （顽强地） pursuing their goals without much thought for other people． This attitude works for some， but at some point ﹣ often sooner rather than later ﹣ everyone needs to rely on their relationships and established personal and professional connections． These relationships are the product of taking an honest and dedicated interest in others and their businesses． Successful people do not operate alone； each of us needs the support of others to achieve positive results that push us toward our goals． True empathy combines understanding both the emotional and the logical rationale（根据） that goes into every decision．‎ ‎ Effectively understanding empathy involves viewing it as each person's connection to the people and marketplace that surround them． A biological principle known as co﹣evolution explains that the adaptation of an organism is caused by the change of a related object． Similarly， businesses and their leaders participate in co﹣evolution﹣type relationships． Business success depends on empathetic leaders who are able to adapt， build on the strengths around them， and relate to their environment． When businesses fail， it is often because leaders have stopped focusing on understanding their environment and instead stay separated in their own operations． Successful business leaders are receptive to disturbance and aware of what is going on in their organizations both internally and externally．‎ ‎ To develop an effective workforce， we must be willing to give in and meet people where they are． This can be frustrating and uncomfortable， particularly when you feel like your position makes more sense or offers a better solution． A critical part of developing empathy， however， is learning to understand， respect and implement another individual's point of view rather than forcing your own．‎ ‎（1）In the author's opinion， if a company wants to achieve success， it must　 　．‎ A． frequently develop in new areas B． always stay pure and powerful C． concentrate on its future development D． value much thought for others ‎（2）It can be inferred from the passage that　 　．‎ A． empathy generally depends on logical reasons B． supports from others help to achieve ambitions C． competition rarely exists in traditional workplaces D． striving for goals on one's own is the key to success ‎（3）Which of the following examples can best illustrate the co﹣evolution principle？　 　‎ A． The boss is too occupied to realize that his employees' income is below the average．‎ B． The head of the news agency offers little bonus to the journalists who work extra hours．‎ C． The principal promises flexible working hours after the school moves to the countryside．‎ D． The factory director insists on increasing the output despite the declining market demand．‎ ‎（4）What can be the best title of this passage？　 　‎ A． Empathy and Business Success B． The Formation of Empathy C． Empathy and Aggressiveness D． The Importance of Empathy Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8分）‎ A． BAT wanted to take action．‎ B． Those who gave more tended to gain less．‎ C． The data are ridiculous， and no one is really paying attention．‎ D． By nature， educators are taught to give care and support others ﹣ not themselves．‎ E． Although respected for its own sake， teaching is under suspicion in today's world．‎ F． After all， self﹣care， good mental health， positive well﹣being is one of the single best things you can do for yourself．‎ We need to do more to help the teachers who are exhausted and stressed ‎ Teaching should not be one of the most stressful jobs in the US． But it is． "The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing ﹣ and we still have the numbers…by a lot．（1）　 　"‎ ‎ "Nobody realizes how horrific working conditions are for teachers throughout the country，" Brice﹣Hyde says， an experienced teacher in New York who is part of the national group Badass Teachers Association （BAT）．‎ ‎ （2）　 　 So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress， work﹣life balance， respect， and more． The results are both surprising ﹣ and not． If you've been seeing the stories about teacher walkouts and pay inequality， you probably aren't all that shocked to see these things like： 61 percent of educators find work "always" or "often" stressful； 27 percent of educators said they've been threatened or bullied； 86 percent of educators feel disrespected by US Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos．‎ ‎ Teachers are stressed out， and turnover is high． No wonder we're seeing more stories about the importance of self﹣care， classroom burnout， and mental health days for teachers． Yet， self﹣care doesn't seem to come easily for people， and this is definitely true for teachers．（3）　 　‎ ‎ We think it's time to change that， though． So in honor of World Mental Health Day， we are working to change the dialogue about teacher mental health． Below are some of the top challenges people give for not seeking therapy， or even basic self﹣care， along with possible solutions and workarounds for each one．‎ ‎ We hope you share this article widely， giving support and love to your fellow educators． （4）　 　 And it's pretty much guaranteed to help you do what you set out to in the first place ﹣ be a good teacher．‎ Summary Writing ‎ ‎21．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ Online Pharmacy （药店）： A Foreseeable Trend ‎ Online pharmacies may replace corner drugstores in the future， which would be of benefit to all of us． Sadly， current Federal Drug Administration （FDA） restrictions prevent many Americans from gaining access to the medicines they require online． Fortunately， online pharmacies offer these drugs and provide patients with more treatment options at lower prices． Those calling for the restrictions are wrong． Online pharmacies are crucial to numerous people．‎ ‎ While some drugs sold online aren't FDA﹣approved， customers shouldn't be prevented from buying them． Many of the herbal remedy （草药） online pharmacies offer have been used for hundreds of years， especially in Asian countries， and they have strong safety records． Other medicines may come from foreign countries， but they aren't harming the people who use them in their own countries． Take depression pills as an example． It has been used safely for many years in France and other European countries， yet it's just now being tested in the U．S．‎ ‎ Nowadays， just getting in to see a doctor seems to take forever， not to mention the time and money to get tests done and await the results． Thanks to the Internet， customers now know more about available medicines than ever before and are therefore able to take them without having to consult a doctor． The Internet， after all， is filled with information about all kinds of drugs． Much of it has even been written by doctors and pharmaceutical companies themselves．‎ ‎ Another issue to consider is money． Health care costs in America are rising every year， and pharmaceutical companies are making billions． Online pharmacies typically sell their drugs at lower prices than hospital pharmacies and corner drugstores． Consumers shouldn't be blamed for seeking cheaper alternatives and refusing to line the pockets of already wealthy companies and stores．‎ TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets. ‎ ‎22．（3分）这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思．（ignore）　 　‎ ‎23．（3分）梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现．（unless）　 　‎ ‎24．（4分）正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐．（It）　 　‎ ‎25．（5分）当前有一个非常令人费解的现象：一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上，也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界．（would rather）　 　‎ Guided Writing ‎ ‎26．（25分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ 网络时代，人们常常不辨别真假就在社交媒体上疯狂点赞 （give the thumbs﹣up） 或转发 （forward），这种行为有实际意义吗？请就此现象谈谈你的看法，并结合生活中的实例加以说明．‎ ‎2019年上海市浦东新区高考英语一模试卷 参考答案与试题解析 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. ‎ ‎1．（1分）A． Blue．‎ B． Green．‎ C． Yellow．‎ D． Purple．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 ‎2．（1分）A． 7：15．‎ B． 7：45．‎ C． 8：00．‎ D． 8：15．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎3．（1分）A． In a restaurant．‎ B． At the man's house．‎ C． In a supermarket．‎ D． In the hospital．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】A ‎【点评】略 ‎4．（1分）A． The CEO won't be free at that time．‎ B． The lecture hall isn't big enough．‎ C． The equipment in the lecture hall is out of order．‎ D． The lecture hall is not reserved early enough．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】A ‎【点评】略 ‎5．（1分）A． An athlete．‎ B． A fitness instructor．‎ C． A mechanic．‎ D． A medical doctor．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 ‎6．（1分）A． Take a deep breath．‎ B． Take some aspirin．‎ C． See a doctor．‎ D． Drive to the hospital．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎7．（1分）A． The man shouldn't order food in such awful weather．‎ B． The delay of the delivery is caused by the awful weather．‎ C． There is a problem with the policy of food delivery．‎ D． The man should have his delivery fee returned．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 ‎8．（1分）A． Having an outing．‎ B． Ordering various drinks．‎ C． Preparing for a party．‎ D． Choosing suitable drinks．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎9．（1分）A． Thoughtful．‎ B． Terrified．‎ C． Apologetic．‎ D． Annoyed．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】D ‎【点评】略 ‎10．（1分）A． He followed his grandmother's steps of cooking．‎ B． He has a great talent for cooking．‎ C． He is a green hand in cooking．‎ D． He improved the dish of his grandmother．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two passages and a longer conversation，‎ ‎ and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5分）（1）A． Literature．‎ B． Business．‎ C． Cooking．‎ D． History．‎ ‎（2）A． Christopher Columbus．‎ B． People in Mexico．‎ C． Hernando Cortez．‎ D． Daniel Peter．‎ ‎（3）A． The development of chocolate．‎ B． The introduction of Cortez．‎ C． The contributions of Columbus．‎ D． The usage of cocoa beans．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】11～13 DCA ‎【点评】略 ‎12．（4.5分）（1）A． Les Misréables．‎ B． Red．‎ C． My Week with Marilyn．‎ D． The Theory of Everything．‎ ‎（2）A． He rose to fame overnight．‎ B． He has been a household name．‎ C． He was recommended by Prince Harry．‎ D． He first appeared in a stage play in 2004．‎ ‎（3）A． His small brown spots on the face．‎ B． His graduation from famous schools．‎ C． His remarkable gift for performing on stage．‎ D． His involvement in various styles of performance．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】14～16 DBD ‎【点评】略 ‎13．（6分）（1）A． A chef tends to work at entry level jobs．‎ B． A chef works in a non﹣professional setting．‎ C． A chef has the ability to create the recipe．‎ D． A chef is as professional as a cook．‎ ‎（2）A． He received the training in the culinary （烹饪） school．‎ B． He stuck to the traditional recipe without any change．‎ C． He had a natural skill in cooking the cuisine．‎ D． His latest book was on the list of NYT bestseller list．‎ ‎（3）A． Make some easy dishes like chopping vegetables．‎ B． Cook with the accurate measurement and no spice．‎ C． Make an efficient and delicate cooking．‎ D． Cook with creativity and passion．‎ ‎（4）A． Working as a chef．‎ B． Dos and don'ts about a chef．‎ C． Tips for cooking．‎ D． Recommendation of a bestseller．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】17～20 CADA ‎【点评】略 Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank. ‎ ‎14．（10分）‎ Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods？‎ ‎ Due to climate change， the world's endangered lists are no longer just for animals． We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a （1）　less tasty　 （tasty） one as well．‎ ‎ As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to global warming （2）　continues/is continuing　 （continue） to affect weather， we often forget that they are also impacting the quantity， the quality， and the growing locations of our food． Some foods have already felt the impact while （3）　others　 may even become scarce within the next 30 years．‎ ‎ Whether or not you try to limit yourself （4）　to　 one cup of coffee a day， the effects of climate change on the world's coffee﹣growing regions may leave you little choice．‎ ‎ Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America， Africa， Asia， and Hawaii． The result？ Significant cuts in coffee yield．‎ ‎ According to organizations like Australia's Climate Institute， half of the present coffee﹣producing areas （5）　are estimated　 （estimate） not to be suitable by the year 2050， if current climate patterns continue．‎ ‎ With temperatures continuously rising， oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own， （6）　causing　 （cause） a decline in fish population， including in lobsters that are cold﹣blooded creatures， and in salmons （鲑鱼） （7）　whose　 eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures． Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever （8）　taken　 （take） with raw seafood， like oysters．‎ ‎ And how about that satisfying "crack" which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters？ It could be silenced （9）　because/since/as　 shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate （碳酸钙） shells， which is a result of ocean acidification．‎ ‎ Even worse is the possibility （10）　that　 we will have no seafood to enjoy at all． In a 2006 Dalhousie University study， scientists predicted that if over﹣fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate， the world's seafood stocks would run out ‎ by the year 2050．‎ ‎【考点】N6：语法填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】文章是一则新闻，因为全球气候变暖，人类所食用的食物可能也会受到各种影响．‎ ‎【解答】1． less tasty．考查比较级，没那么好吃，表示比较，故填less tasty．‎ ‎2．continues/is continuing．考查动词，as引导的时间状语从句，表示"随着"，从句中缺少动词，主语是amount of carbon dioxide ，故填continues或者is continuing．‎ ‎3． others．考查代词，some…others：一些…另一些…，是常见句型，故填others．‎ ‎4． to．考查介词，limit…to：把…限制在…，故填介词to．‎ ‎5． are estimated．考查被动，主语是areas， 因为是现在的动作，而且是被估计，故填are estimated．‎ ‎6． causing．考查非谓语， oceans与cause是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填causing．‎ ‎7． whose．考查连词，whose引导定语从句，先行词是salmons，与eggs是从属关系，故填关系代词whose．‎ ‎8．taken．考查非谓语，主语主语与从句主语一致，而且从句中有系动词be，故从句主语和系动词be都可以省略，所以该句中省略bacteria are，故填taken．‎ ‎9． because/since/as．考查连词，因为贝壳很难建造碳酸钙壳，引导原因状语从句，故填because/since/as．‎ ‎10． that．考查连词，that引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的内容，故填that．‎ ‎【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．‎ Section BDirections： Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10分）‎ A． partneredB． evolutionC． formerlyD． advanceE． tailored F． pursueG． transformingH． voluntarilyI． balancingJ． equalK． loyalty Workforce of the Future ‎ The workplace is changing rapidly． Rather than the standard working day of nine to five， employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives． Advances in technology are （1）　G　 the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace．‎ ‎ To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade， employee benefits provider Unum UK （2）　A　 with The Future Laboratory to survey 3，000 workers across several industries． They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce．‎ ‎ The result outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the next decade and predicts the（3）　B　 of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce． They are the obligated and the self﹣fulfilled workers．‎ ‎ "Obligated workers" refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation，（4）　I　 raising children with caring for elderly parents． Therefore， they value a career （5）　E　 to life stages and events and financial security． Joel Defries， 33， father of one kid and partner at London Vodka said， "A flexible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave （陪产假） and to value my family just as much as I value my job．"‎ ‎ Self﹣fulfilled workers are committed to life﹣long learning and acquiring new skills rather than （6）　K　 to an employer． They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them （7）　F　 both their personal and professional ambitions． They treat personal commitments and pursuits as （8）　J　 to professional commitments． Elly Kemp， 31，（9）　C　 a full﹣time employee， now working part﹣time in a caféand also assisting with her grandmother's care said， "My approach to work allows me the freedom to（10）　D　 my career at my own pace． I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and do whatever makes me happy at the time．"‎ ‎【考点】N8：选词填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文讲述的是技术的进步正在改变工作场所所需要的任务和技能的性质．‎ ‎【解答】GABIE KFJCD ‎1．G．句意理解题．根据句意可知，技术的进步正在改变工作场所所需要的任务和技能的性质．故选G．‎ ‎2．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，为了全面了解未来10年工作场所将如何变化，员工福利提供商Unum UK与Future Laboratory合作，对多个行业的3000名员工进行了调查．故选A．‎ ‎3．B．句意理解题．根据句意可知，研究结果概述了未来10年企业可能看到的一些就业变化，并预测了两种工人文化的演变，这两种文化将主导劳动力市场．故选B．‎ ‎4．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，"Obligated workers"指的是有家眷的人和"三明治一代"，他们在抚养孩子和照顾年迈父母之间保持平衡．故选I．‎ ‎5．E．句意理解题．根据句意可知，因此，他们看重人生阶段、事件和经济保障量身打造的职业．故选E．‎ ‎6．K．句意理解题．根据句意可知，自我实现的员工致力于终生学习和获取新技能，而不是对雇主忠诚．故选K．‎ ‎7．F．句意理解题．根据句意可知，积极寻求个人发展，希望员工福利能帮助他们实现个人和职业抱负．故选F．‎ ‎8．J．句意理解题．根据句意可知，他们把个人的承诺和追求等同于职业承诺．故选J．‎ ‎9．C．句意理解题．根据句意可知，31岁的艾丽•坎普（Elly Kemp）以前是一名全职员工，现在在一家咖啡馆兼职，还帮忙照顾祖母．故选C．‎ ‎10．D．句意理解题．根据句意可知，我的工作方式让我可以自由地按照自己的步伐发展事业．我希望我的工作是流动的，这样我可以随时改变它，做任何让我开心的事情．故选D．‎ ‎【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑句子大意的前提下，还应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，以符合题目要求．‎ Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. ‎ ‎16．（15分）Early decision ﹣ you apply to one school， and admission is binding （有法律约束力的） ﹣ seems like a great choice for nervous applicants． Schools （1）　A　 a ‎ higher percentage of early﹣decision applicants， which arguably means that you have a better chance of being enrolled． And if you do， you're done with the whole painful process by December． But most students and parents don't realize that schools have hidden （2）　D　 for offering early decision．‎ ‎ Early decision， since it's binding， allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students； it allows （3）　A　 committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come． It also gives schools a higher yield rate （优秀学生率）， which is often used as one of the ways to（4）　B　 college selectivity and popularity．‎ ‎ The problem is that this process effectively （5）　C　 the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point． Under （6）　B　 admissions， seniors have to choose which school to attend until May 1； early decision effectively steals six months from them， months that could be used to visit more schools， do more research， speak to current students and alumni （校友） and make a more（7）　A　 decision．‎ ‎ For any given student in America， whatever their levels are， there are a number of schools that are a great（8）　A　． When students become too fixed on a particular school early in the admissions process， that fixation can lead to（9）　B　 severe disappointment if they don't get in or， if they do， it is likely that they are now bound to go to a school that， given time for further （10）　D　， may not actually be right for them．‎ ‎ Early decision offers a genuine admissions edge． That advantage goes largely to students who already have（11）　C　 advantages． The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher﹣quality college guidance， usually a result of coming from a more advantaged background． （12）　B　， there's an argument against early decision， as students from lower﹣income families are far less likely to have the admissions know﹣how （招生诀窍） to（13）　D　 figure out the often confusing early deadlines．‎ ‎ Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they would be thrilled to get into should， under the current system， probably （14）　D　 under early decision． For students who haven't yet done enough research， or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools， the early﹣decision system needlessly ‎ and prematurely （15）　C　 the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options．‎ ‎（1）A． let in B． turn down C． make up D． give away ‎（2）A． dangers B． costs C． assumptions D． purposes ‎（3）A． admissions B． joint C． inquiry D． investigative ‎（4）A． detail B． measure C． achieve D． represent ‎（5）A． neglects B． provides C． shortens D． marks ‎（6）A． future B． regular C． random D． compulsory ‎（7）A． informed B． honoured C． imposed D． complicated ‎（8）A． fit B． aid C． hit D． net ‎（9）A． therefore B． otherwise C． however D． furthermore ‎（10）A． comment B． enhancement C． implication D． reflection ‎（11）A． mutual B． favourite C． numerous D． temporary ‎（12）A． In other words B． In this regard C． In particular D． In brief ‎（13）A． hesitantly B． relatively C． deliberately D． efficiently ‎（14）A． consult B． volunteer C． adjust D． apply ‎（15）A． occupies B． encloses C． narrows D． explores ‎【考点】M2：社会文化．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文讲述的是过早决定被哪所学校录取，一方面可以提前知道自己的未来学习环境，另一方面，学生的学习环境过早被限制了．‎ ‎【解答】ADABC BAABD CBDDC ‎（1）A．词组词意辨析题．A． let in 嵌入 B． turn down 关小 C． make up 组成 D． give away 赠送．学校允许更多的申请者提前入学．故选A．‎ ‎（2）D．名词词意辨析题．A． dangers 危险 B． costs 费用 C． assumptions 假定 D． purposes 目的．但大多数学生和家长都没有意识到学校提供提前入学的隐藏目的．故选D．‎ ‎（3）A．名词词意辨析题．A． admissions 录取 B． joint 连接 C． inquiry 调查 D． investigative ‎ 研究的．它允许招生委员会选择录取对他们的大学有特殊需求的学生，并知道这些学生会来．故选A．‎ ‎（4）B．动词词意辨析题．A． detail 细节 B． measure 测量 C． achieve 获得 D． represent 代表．它也给了学校更高的收益率，这通常被用来衡量大学的选择性和受欢迎程度．故选B．‎ ‎（5）C．名词词意辨析题．A． neglects 忽视 B． provides提供 C． shortens 减少 D． marks 标记．这一过程有效地缩短了学生的学习时间，学生必须在这之前做出他们一生中最重要的决定之一．故选C．‎ ‎（6）B．形容词词意辨析题．A． future 未来 B． regular 定期的 C． random 随意 D． compulsory 义务的．在常规录取制度下，高年级学生必须在5月1日前选择就读哪所学校．故选B．‎ ‎（7）A．动词词意辨析题．A． informed 通知 B． honoured 光荣 C． imposed 欺骗 D． complicated 复杂的．这几个月可以用来参观更多的学校，做更多的研究，与现在的学生和校友交流，做出更明智的决定．故选A．‎ ‎（8）A．动词词意辨析题．A． fit 适合 B． aid 援助 C． hit 打击 D． net 得到．在美国，对于任何一个特定的学生，无论他们的水平如何，都有一些学校是非常适合他们的．故选A．‎ ‎（9）B．句意理解题．A． therefore 所以 B． otherwise 或者 C． however 但是 D． furthermore 此外．如果他们没有被录取，或者被录取了，这种执着会导致严重的失望．故选B．‎ ‎（10）D．名词词意辨析题．A． comment 怎样 B． enhancement 增加 C． implication 暗示 D． reflection 思考．很可能的是，他们现在一定会去学校，给进一步思考的时间，可能不是正确的．故选D．‎ ‎（11）C．形容词词意辨析题．A． mutual 共同的 B． favourite 喜爱的 C． numerous 很多的 D． temporary 暂时．这种优势在很大程度上属于那些已经拥有众多优势的学生．故选C．‎ ‎（12）B．词组词意辨析题．A． In other words 换句话说 B． In this regard 就这一点而言 C． In particular 特别 D． In brief 简而言之．在这方面，有一个反对过早做出决定的声音．故选B．‎ ‎（13）D．副词词意辨析题．A． hesitantly 迟疑 B． relatively 相对 C． deliberately 故意 D． efficiently ‎ 有效．由于来自低收入家庭的学生不太可能知道如何有效地计算出截止日期．故选D．‎ ‎（14）D．动词词意辨析题．A． consult 查阅 B． volunteer自愿 C． adjust 调整 D． apply 申请．在目前的体制下，那些已经做过研究并相信有一所学校会让他们兴奋不已的学生，可能会在提前决定下申请．故选D．‎ ‎（15）C．动词词意辨析题．A． occupies 占据 B． encloses 围绕 C． narrows 缩小 D． explores探究．早决策系统过早地缩小了学生选择的范围，而与此同时，学生们应该向一系列令人兴奋的选择敞开心扉．故选C．‎ ‎【点评】近几年高考试题中完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以必须要先通读一到两遍，才能大致了解文章内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配，时态以及语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当、意思正确．‎ Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. ‎ ‎17．（8分）One recent night， while I was leafing through its pages of an old journal， my eyes met a quote by the British writer Graham Greene that I had marked． "A prejudice had something in common with an ideal．" In other words， ideals ﹣ general descriptions of people's expectations of themselves and others ﹣ can often lead us to unreasonable ideas． It got me thinking about how we often allow ourselves to generalize about groups of people． We like to stereotype people by the color of their skin， the year of their birth or any other related factors．‎ ‎ I grew up in a multi﹣racial corner of America． The different groups were often subject to narrow stereotypes： Jewish people were "greedy，" Mexicans were "poorly educated，" and Asians were "good at math．" These labels were taught to us from a young age． They wormed their way into our belief systems， harming how we came to see others． It made me sad growing up to see people repeat these stereotypes as if they were true． The rush﹣to﹣judgment of people breeds a culture of discrimination （歧视）．‎ ‎ You can also see these over﹣generalized description being made against today's Chinese people． Whether it be a lack of interest or worry among millennials （千禧一代） being described as "monkish，" or "dad﹣fashion （复古作风）" which has given the "greasy middle﹣aged men" tag， stereotypes always seem to gain a foothold in the consciousness of our society． But these generalizations do real harm as these myths may become part of the wider population．‎ ‎ It's about time that we， as a society， walked away from generalizations and stereotypes． I leave you with the words of Martin Luther King Jr． from his famous "I Have a Dream" speech： "I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin， but by the content of their character．" By reserving judgment and really getting to know the individual， you might just find your irrational ideas have no foundation．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， how do people tend to judge others？　C　‎ A． By describing people's personalities．‎ B． By truly getting to know those around．‎ C． By observing their noticeable features．‎ D． By following Martin Luther King's speech．‎ ‎（2）According to the author， a culture of discrimination appears because　D　．‎ A． people live in places of various races B． people are born with unreasonable ideas C． prejudices slightly influence people's belief system D． people usually make judgments without thinking twice ‎（3）Examples of "millennials" and "dad﹣fashion" are mentioned in Paragraph 3 to reveal　B　．‎ A． generalizations have unfavourable position in society B． generalizations have a negative influence on our society C． generalizations are found peculiar to the middle﹣aged Chinese D． generalizations make today's Chinese people lack interest or worry ‎（4）The passage is mainly concerned with　A　．‎ A． the common prejudice B． people's expectation of themselves C． the groundless worries D． the famous speech of Martin Luther King ‎【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文主要讲述了作者认为用过于概括性的语言去描述一个人是不正确的，是具有偏见的，因此我们不能简单地通过眼睛看到的东西去判断一个人．‎ ‎【解答】答案：1﹣4 CDBA ‎1．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段I leave you with the words of Martin Luther King Jr． from his famous "I Have a Dream" speech： "I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin， but by the content of their character．" By reserving judgment and really getting to know the individual， you might just find your irrational ideas have no foundation．可知我留给你们的是马丁路德金在他著名的"我有一个梦想"演讲中所说的话："我期待有一天，人们不会因为肤色而被评判，而是因为他们性格的内容．通过保留判断和真正了解个人，你可能会发现你的非理性想法是没有根据的．由此可见，如果我们用过于概括性的语言去描述一个人是不正确的，我们不能简单地通过眼睛看到的东西去判断一个人．故选C．‎ ‎2．D．推理判断题．根据第二段 The rush﹣to﹣judgment of people breeds a culture of discrimination 可知，人们急于作出判断，滋生了一种文化歧视．故选D．‎ ‎3．B．细节理解题．根据第三段You can also see these over﹣generalized description being made against today's Chinese people．可知你也可以看到这些过于概括的描述是针对今天的中国人民的．以及But these generalizations do real harm as these myths may become part of the wider population．可知但是，这些普遍的看法确实有害，因为这些神话可能成为更广泛人口的一部分．由此可见，普遍化对我们的社会有负面影响．故选B．‎ ‎4．A．推理判断题．根据整篇文章可知，本文主要讲述了作者认为用过于概括性的语言去描述一个人是不正确的，是具有偏见的，因此我们不能简单地通过眼睛看到的东西去判断一个人．由此可见，这一段主要与普遍的偏见有关．故选A．‎ ‎【点评】考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ ‎18．（6分）When you cross deep water driving too fast， you risk splashing water up into the air ‎ box and having it get sucked into the internal engine， which is more common than you think． There are a few steps you should take to clear the water out before you try to start it：‎ ‎ 1．First， drain the fuel tank， fuel lines and the oil． While it's draining， put a fan on the wiring and dry it out． Remove and clean the carburetor （化油器）．‎ ‎ 2．Take the plugs out of the engine and turn it over to force any water out． Water will come out with the oil． Add oil to the engine and turn it over again， without the plug in． Let it sit for a while， then observe the oil to tell if there's any water in it （it will look like a white milky substance if there is water mixed with the oil）． If it's there， drain it again and start over until there is little or no white showing in the oil．‎ ‎ 3．Now re﹣install the spark plug， add gas， then try to start the engine． You should have a can of ether （乙醚） handy just in case it's stubborn， but don't use too much． If it starts， let it run for a few minutes without making it work faster．‎ ‎ 4．After it runs for several minutes， shut it off， drain the oil and change the filter（过滤网）． Run it again for a few minutes then shut it off and checks again for milky colored oil． If you have none， you should be good to go．‎ ‎ 5．If you cannot start the engine， you may have already ruined it and you will probably need to seek a professional to repair it， or， more likely， you'll have to replace it．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， a driver turns the engine over after oil is added to it so that he can　D　．‎ A． drain the oil and change the filter without any difficulty B． re﹣install the spark plug and get ready to start the car again C． make a milky substance which is the mixture of water and oil D． see whether there is any water in the engine by checking the oil ‎（2）The underlined word "stubborn" in paragraph 4 may probably means　B　．‎ A． reluctant to change B． hard to switch on C． insufficient to burn D． unable to take in ‎（3）This passage may be most helpful to　B　．‎ A． a policeman who knows much about car accidents B． a secretary who has just driven across a small pond C． a driver who is incapable of fixing the car by himself D． a teacher who is to carry out her routine car maintenance ‎【考点】O5：科教类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文章主要讲述了当你在深水中行驶过快时，你会将水溅到空气箱中并将其吸入内部发动机．文章就清楚发动机的水提出了一些建议，以供司机参考使用 ‎【解答】1．D．细节题．根据文章第三段内容， Add oil to the engine and turn it over again， without the plug in． Let it sit for a while， then observe the oil to tell if there's any water in it （it will look like a white milky substance if there is water mixed with the oil）． 往发动机里加油，再把它翻过来，不要插上插头，让它静一阵子，然后观察油，看里面有没有水（如果有水和油混在一起，它看起来像白色的乳白色物质）．结合选项，故选D．‎ ‎2．B．词义猜测题．根据文章第四段内容，Now re﹣install the spark plug， add gas， then try to start the engine． You should have a can of ether handy just in case it's stubborn， but don't use too much． 现在重新安装火花塞，加汽油，然后试着启动发动机．你应该有一罐乙醚，以防它太难启动，但不要使用太多．结合选项，故选B．‎ ‎3．B．推理题．根据文章内容，本文章主要讲述了当你在深水中行驶过快时，你会将水溅到空气箱中并将其吸入内部发动机．文章就清楚发动机的水提出了一些建议，以供司机参考使用．结合选项，故本文对于刚开车经过低洼有水地方的秘书非常的有用，可以帮助他们尽快处理发动机内积水，结合选项，故选B．‎ ‎【点评】本文是人文地理类阅读理解．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．‎ ‎19．（8分）One of the features of a successful business is its ability to employ creativity to constantly push into new territory． Without growth and innovation， businesses eventually fade away． Those with staying power， however， have mastered an often﹣overlooked factor that allows them to focus on the future clearly： empathy （共情）． While that may surprise many， I am certain that the ability to connect with and relate to others ﹣empathy in its purest form ﹣ is the force that moves businesses forward．‎ ‎ Though the concept of empathy might go against the modern concept of a traditional workplace ﹣ competitive， the reality is that for business leaders to experience success， they need to not just see or hear the activity around them， but also relate to the people they serve．‎ ‎ Some may think they want the results from doggedly （顽强地） pursuing their goals without much thought for other people． This attitude works for some， but at some point ﹣ often sooner rather than later ﹣ everyone needs to rely on their relationships and established personal and professional connections． These relationships are the product of taking an honest and dedicated interest in others and their businesses． Successful people do not operate alone； each of us needs the support of others to achieve positive results that push us toward our goals． True empathy combines understanding both the emotional and the logical rationale（根据） that goes into every decision．‎ ‎ Effectively understanding empathy involves viewing it as each person's connection to the people and marketplace that surround them． A biological principle known as co﹣evolution explains that the adaptation of an organism is caused by the change of a related object． Similarly， businesses and their leaders participate in co﹣evolution﹣type relationships． Business success depends on empathetic leaders who are able to adapt， build on the strengths around them， and relate to their environment． When businesses fail， it is often because leaders have stopped focusing on understanding their environment and instead stay separated in their own operations． Successful business leaders are receptive to disturbance and aware of what is going on in their organizations both internally and externally．‎ ‎ To develop an effective workforce， we must be willing to give in and meet people where they are． This can be frustrating and uncomfortable， particularly when you feel like your position makes more sense or offers a better solution． A critical part of developing empathy， however， is learning to understand， respect and implement another individual's point of view rather than forcing your own．‎ ‎（1）In the author's opinion， if a company wants to achieve success， it must　D　．‎ A． frequently develop in new areas B． always stay pure and powerful C． concentrate on its future development D． value much thought for others ‎（2）It can be inferred from the passage that　B　．‎ A． empathy generally depends on logical reasons B． supports from others help to achieve ambitions C． competition rarely exists in traditional workplaces D． striving for goals on one's own is the key to success ‎（3）Which of the following examples can best illustrate the co﹣evolution principle？　C　‎ A． The boss is too occupied to realize that his employees' income is below the average．‎ B． The head of the news agency offers little bonus to the journalists who work extra hours．‎ C． The principal promises flexible working hours after the school moves to the countryside．‎ D． The factory director insists on increasing the output despite the declining market demand．‎ ‎（4）What can be the best title of this passage？　A　‎ A． Empathy and Business Success B． The Formation of Empathy C． Empathy and Aggressiveness D． The Importance of Empathy ‎【考点】O5：科教类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】成功企业的一个特点是它有能力利用创造力不断地进入新的领域．没有增长和创新，企业最终会逐渐消失．然而，那些有持久力的人掌握了一个经常被忽视的因素，使他们能够清楚地关注未来：共情．这是这可能会让很多人感到惊讶，我确信：最纯粹的共情方式是推动企业向前发展的力量．文章主要讲述的是共情与成功的企业的关系．‎ ‎【解答】1．D．细节题．根据文章内容，Some may think they want the results from doggedly （顽强地） pursuing their goals without much thought for other people． This attitude works for some， but at some point ﹣ often sooner rather than later ﹣ everyone needs to rely on their relationships and established personal and professional connections．有些人可能认为他们想要的结果是固执己见地追求自己的目标而不为他人着想．这种态度对一些人有效，但在某种程度上﹣通常是早晚﹣每个人都需要依靠他们的关系，建立个人和职业的联系．因此，公司想要发展也要考虑到他人的想法，不能领导人一味的固执己见，结合选项，故选D．‎ ‎2．B．推理题．根据文章第三段内容，Successful people do not operate alone； each of us needs the support of others to achieve positive results that push us toward our goals． 成功的人并不是独自行动的；我们每个人都需要别人的支持才能取得积极的结果，从而推动我们朝着目标前进．由此可知，他人的帮助可以使我们获得成功，结合选项，故选B．‎ ‎3．C．推理题．根据文章第四段内容， A biological principle known as co﹣evolution explains that the adaptation of an organism is caused by the change of a related object． 被称为共同进化的生物学原理解释了生物体的适应是由相关物体的变化引起的．结合选项，则校长承诺在学校迁往农村后工作时间可以适当的根据情况进行调整则符合该理论，结合选项，故选C．‎ ‎4．A．主旨题．根据文章第一段内容，One of the features of a successful business is its ability to employ creativity to constantly push into new territory． Without growth and innovation， businesses eventually fade away． Those with staying power， however， have mastered an often﹣overlooked factor that allows them to focus on the future clearly： empathy （共情）． While that may surprise many， I am certain that the ability to connect with and relate to others ﹣empathy in its purest form ﹣ is the force that moves businesses forward．成功企业的一个特点是它有能力利用创造力不断地进入新的领域．没有增长和创新，企业最终会逐渐消失．然而，那些有持久力的人掌握了一个经常被忽视的因素，使他们能够清楚地关注未来：共情．这是这可能会让很多人感到惊讶，我确信：最纯粹的共情方式是推动企业向前发展的力量．因此，文章主要讲述的是共情与成功的企业的关系，结合选项，故选A．‎ ‎【点评】本文是人文地理类阅读理解．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．‎ Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8分）‎ A． BAT wanted to take action．‎ B． Those who gave more tended to gain less．‎ C． The data are ridiculous， and no one is really paying attention．‎ D． By nature， educators are taught to give care and support others ﹣ not themselves．‎ E． Although respected for its own sake， teaching is under suspicion in today's world．‎ F． After all， self﹣care， good mental health， positive well﹣being is one of the single best things you can do for yourself．‎ We need to do more to help the teachers who are exhausted and stressed ‎ Teaching should not be one of the most stressful jobs in the US． But it is． "The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing ﹣ and we still have the numbers…by a lot．（1）　C　"‎ ‎ "Nobody realizes how horrific working conditions are for teachers throughout the country，" Brice﹣Hyde says， an experienced teacher in New York who is part of the national group Badass Teachers Association （BAT）．‎ ‎ （2）　A　 So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress， work﹣life balance， respect， and more． The results are both surprising ﹣ and not． If you've been seeing the stories about teacher walkouts and pay inequality， you probably aren't all that shocked to see these things like： 61 percent of educators find work "always" or "often" stressful； 27 percent of educators said they've been threatened or bullied； 86 percent of educators feel disrespected by US Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos．‎ ‎ Teachers are stressed out， and turnover is high． No wonder we're seeing more stories about the importance of self﹣care， classroom burnout， and mental health days for teachers． Yet， self﹣care doesn't seem to come easily for people， and this is definitely true for teachers．（3）　D　‎ ‎ We think it's time to change that， though． So in honor of World Mental Health Day， we are working to change the dialogue about teacher mental health． Below are some of the top challenges people give for not seeking therapy， or even basic self﹣care， along with possible solutions and workarounds for each one．‎ ‎ We hope you share this article widely， giving support and love to your fellow educators． （4）　F　 And it's pretty much guaranteed to help you do what you set out to in the first ‎ place ﹣ be a good teacher．‎ ‎【考点】PF：选句填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了我们需要做更多的事情来帮助那些疲惫不堪的老师．‎ ‎【解答】1﹣4 CADF ‎1．C．细节理解题．根据上文"The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing ﹣ and we still have the numbers…by a lot．另一个与我们的压力相近的职业是护理﹣﹣我们仍然有很多这样的数据‘．可知此处应填"数据是荒谬的，没有人真正关注'．故选C．‎ ‎2．A．细节理解题．根据下文"So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress， work﹣life balance， respect， and more‘因此，他们围绕压力、工作与生活的平衡、尊重等问题对教师的工作条件进行了一项全国性的研究．可知此处应填"BAT想采取行动'．故选A．‎ ‎3．D．细节理解题．根据上文"Yet， self﹣care doesn't seem to come easily for people， and this is definitely true for teachers‘然而，自理对人们来说似乎并不容易，对老师来说更是如此．可知此处应填教育工作者的天性是关心和支持他人，而不是他们自己"'．故选D．‎ ‎4．F．细节理解题．根据上文"We hope you share this article widely， giving support and love to your fellow educators‘我们希望你能广泛地分享这篇文章，给你的教育同仁以支持和爱．可知此处应填"毕竟，自我保健，良好的心理健康，积极的幸福感是你能为自己做的最好的事情之一'．故选F．‎ ‎【点评】此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ Summary Writing ‎ ‎21．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ Online Pharmacy （药店）： A Foreseeable Trend ‎ Online pharmacies may replace corner drugstores in the future， which would be of benefit to all of us． Sadly， current Federal Drug Administration （FDA） restrictions prevent many Americans from gaining access to the medicines they require online． Fortunately， online ‎ pharmacies offer these drugs and provide patients with more treatment options at lower prices． Those calling for the restrictions are wrong． Online pharmacies are crucial to numerous people．‎ ‎ While some drugs sold online aren't FDA﹣approved， customers shouldn't be prevented from buying them． Many of the herbal remedy （草药） online pharmacies offer have been used for hundreds of years， especially in Asian countries， and they have strong safety records． Other medicines may come from foreign countries， but they aren't harming the people who use them in their own countries． Take depression pills as an example． It has been used safely for many years in France and other European countries， yet it's just now being tested in the U．S．‎ ‎ Nowadays， just getting in to see a doctor seems to take forever， not to mention the time and money to get tests done and await the results． Thanks to the Internet， customers now know more about available medicines than ever before and are therefore able to take them without having to consult a doctor． The Internet， after all， is filled with information about all kinds of drugs． Much of it has even been written by doctors and pharmaceutical companies themselves．‎ ‎ Another issue to consider is money． Health care costs in America are rising every year， and pharmaceutical companies are making billions． Online pharmacies typically sell their drugs at lower prices than hospital pharmacies and corner drugstores． Consumers shouldn't be blamed for seeking cheaper alternatives and refusing to line the pockets of already wealthy companies and stores．‎ ‎【考点】R5：读写任务作文．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型一：They shouldn't be banned because medicines are tested safe in real life or other countries．‎ 译文：他们不应该被禁止，因为药物在现实生活或其他国家都是安全的．‎ 分析：这句话使用because引导原因状语从句．‎ 高分句型二：People have better access to online medical information to treat themselves， saving the trouble of seeing a doctor．‎ 译文：人们可以更好地访问在线医疗信息来治疗自己，省去了看医生的麻烦．‎ 分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语．‎ ‎【解答】Despite the current FDA restrictions， online pharmacies are important． （要点一）They shouldn't be banned because medicines are tested safe in real life or other countries．【高分句型一】（要点二） People have better access to online medical information to treat themselves， saving the trouble of seeing a doctor．【高分句型二】（要点三） They turn to online pharmacies because of the lower prices． （要点四）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets. ‎ ‎22．（3分）这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思．（ignore）　The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/careful consideration/reflection．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思．‎ ‎【解答】答案：The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection．考查汉译英．1． 因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时态；2． deserve doing＝be worth doing意为"值得做"‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎23．（3分）梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现．（unless）　We still need to dream/have a dream，but it can't be realized unless we work hard （on it）．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现．‎ ‎【解答】答案：We still need to dream/have a dream， but it can't be realized unless we work hard （on it）．考查汉译英．1． 根据句意，主句从句都用一般现在时态；2． but引导并列句；unless引导条件状语从句；3． work hard on意为"致力于"．‎ ‎【点评】‎ 考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎24．（4分）正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐．（It）　It was this experience that enabled/helped me torealize（that）I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gift of life．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐．‎ ‎【解答】答案：It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize （that） I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gift of life．考查汉译英．1． 因事情已发生，主从句都用一般过去时态；2． It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize……是强调句；3． realize后接的是宾语从句．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎25．（5分）当前有一个非常令人费解的现象：一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上，也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界．（would rather）　There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】当前有一个非常令人费解的现象：一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上，也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界 ‎【解答】答案：There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons．考查汉译英．1． 根据句中"目前"一词，主句和从句要用一般现在时态；2． phenomenon后的从句是同位语从句，意思完整，用引导词that引导同位语从句；3． would rather……than意为"宁愿 …而不愿"；‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ Guided Writing ‎ ‎26．（25分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ 网络时代，人们常常不辨别真假就在社交媒体上疯狂点赞 （give the thumbs﹣up）‎ ‎ 或转发 （forward），这种行为有实际意义吗？请就此现象谈谈你的看法，并结合生活中的实例加以说明．‎ ‎【考点】R4：开放类．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型一：When it comes to some competitions， it is also unfair to other candicates．‎ 译文：在某些比赛中，这对其他候选人也是不公平的．‎ 分析：这句话使用when it comes to当说到…的时候．‎ 高分句型二：Once I met with an article which announced that a child had been lost， and everyone should help find him．‎ 译文：有一次，我看到一篇文章，说有个孩子迷路了，大家都应该帮我找到他．‎ 分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句．‎ ‎【解答】In the age of internet， people often give the thumbs﹣up or forward on social media without distinguishing the true information from the false information． （人们常常不辨别真假就在社交媒体上疯狂点赞或转发）I think it is of little practical meaning．（有没有意义）‎ For one thing， it is not responsible behavior to give the thumbs﹣up to familiar people． When it comes to some competitions， it is also unfair to other candidates． 【高分句型一】For another， if you forward some articles which are not true． You are in fact spread some rumours， which does harm to our society． （就此现象谈谈你的看法）‎ Once I met with an article which announced that a child had been lost， and everyone should help find him． 【高分句型二】However， I found it was a false information， so I no longer believe the articles on the Internet．（结合生活中的实例加以说明）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ 声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布 日期：2019/4/18 7:49:57；用户：qgjyuser10050；邮箱：qgjyuser10050.21957750；学号：21985056‎