高考英语必背短语与高中英语基础知识考点大汇总 12页

高考英语必背短语与高中英语基础知识考点大汇总 ‎2016-12-30 英语高中生 ‎ ‎ ‎1. 一周两次 twice a week ‎2. 两倍那么多:twice as many as ,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of ‎3. 一、两天 a day or two ,one or two days ‎4. 再两周时间 anther two weeks ,two more weeks ‎5. many a student has a book ‎6. 总而言之 in a word ‎7. 有能力做某事情 be able to do sth.,be capable of doing ‎8. 怎么样 what about doing…/how about doing ‎9. 当…即将要做某事情 be about to do sth…when…‎ ‎10. 尤其是,最重要的是 above all ‎11. 缺席,不在 be absent from ‎12. 全神贯注于某事情 be absorbed in doing sth.‎ ‎13. 主观接受:accept 客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西) receive ‎14. 有权利做某事情 have access to sth.‎ ‎15. 意外的 by accident=by chance ‎16. 交通事故 the traffic accident ‎17. 根据 according to ‎18. 考虑 take sth. into account ‎19. 因为,由于 on account of=because of 后面跟名词,不跟句子 ‎20. 指责某人某事情 accuse sb of sth 指控某人某事情 charge sb with sth 钦佩某人某事情admire sb for sth 责备某人某事情 scold sb for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth ‎21. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事情 used to do 过去常常做某事情 be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事情 ‎22. 达到目标 achieve the goal ‎23. across 穿过,和on 有关,指从上面,上方穿过, through 穿过和in有关,从里面,内部穿过 walk across the street/bridge , walk through the forests ‎24. 担当,充当 act as , 执行 act on ‎25. 采取行动 take action /take measures to do sth ‎26. 在某方面积极 be active in… 积极参加 take an active part in=join in ‎27. adapt… to…适应, adopt sth/sb 领养某人,采纳某事情 ‎28. 总计达 add up to=in all=come to , 增加,增添美景/难度add to the beauty/difficulty 把…加到…上add…to…‎ ‎29. 除了…以外(还有…) in addition to=apart from=besides (看见also,else,other 选besides)‎ ‎30. 足够的,适当的 adequate ‎31. 承认做某事情 admit doing sth , 否认做某事情 deny doing sth ‎32. 允许入内,被录取进入学校 be admitted into/to school ‎33. 预先,提前 in advance , ahead of time ‎34. 利用 take advantage of , make use of, by means of ‎35. advice, news , information 为不可数名词 ‎36. 给某人忠告 give sb advice on sth , 听取某人的忠告 take one`s advice ‎37. affect 动词,影响 effect 名词,影响 对…有重大影响have a big effect on …‎ afford 动词,买得起,常跟在can,could,be able to后面 有足够的金钱做某事情 can afford sth/to do sth ‎38. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事情 ; be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事情 ‎39. after all 毕竟,终究 ‎40. in the morning ; on Sunday mornings ‎41. 以某人的年龄来说 for one`s age ‎42. 答应做某事情agree to do sth , 同意某人的观点agree with sb/what sb said ‎(气候,食物)的适合agree with the climate 对…意见一致agree on sth ‎43. alive 形容词,活着的,做表语,sb be alive 某人是活着的, a man alive 活着的人 catch sb alive 活捉某人 living 形容词,活着的,做定语,the living people 活着的人,‎ live 形容词,现场的 broadcast live 现场直播 lively 形容的,充满活力的,灵敏的 ‎44. for all 尽管 , first of all 首先, above all 尤其重要的是, in all 总共, after all 毕竟,终究 all over the world 世界各地区, not …at all 一点也不 ‎45. 允许某人做某事情 allow/permit doing sth , allow/permit sb doing sth ,‎ sb be allowed/permitted to do sth ‎46. 几乎不almost not=not nearly=hardly=scarcely ‎47. The man lives alone , but he doesn`t feel lonely.‎ ‎48. 和…相处很好,进展很好 get along/on well with sb/sth ‎49. 颂读课文read aloud the text , 说出声音来 speak aloud 吵闹的,喧哗的loudly ‎50. 除…以外别无选择have no choice but to do sth ‎51. 老是做某事情be always doing sth ‎52. 对…惊讶 be amazed at , be surprised at, be astonished at 对…满意 be pleased with , be happy with , be satisfied with 对…愤怒 be angry about/at sth, be angry with sb for sth 对…严厉 be strict with sb in sth , be hard on sb 对…担心 be worried about , be anxious about 对…感到惭愧 be shamed of sth, be shy of sth 渴望做某事情 be eager to do sth , be anxious to do sth 渴望得到某物 long for sth , hope for sth , be dying for sth , be anxious for sth ‎53. 修饰不可数名词: a large amount of , a great deal of , a large sum of , a little , little 修饰可数名词: a great number of , few , a few , several 两者皆可修饰:a lot of , lots of , plenty of ,the number of (…的数量)‎ ‎54. 每年的,年刊annual ‎55. 一个接一个one after another ‎56. 接电话answer the call , 回信 answer the letter/reply to the letter/write to sb 对…负责answer for =be responsible for ‎57. 任何的一家书店 any bookstore ‎58. anyway 无论怎么样 anyhow 不管怎么说 ‎59. 为某事情向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth ‎60. 吸引appeal to sb = attract sb =sth catch one`s eye ‎61. appear to do sth , appear to be doing sth , appear to have done sth It seems/seemed that… There seems/seemed to be…‎ ‎62. 从外表判断judge from /by one’s appearance ‎63. 向某人申请… apply to sb for sth , 把…应用于/涂在…上apply…to…‎ ‎64. 欣赏/感激做某事情appreciate doing sth , 如果…我会不胜感激 I would appreciate it if…‎ ‎65. 和某人就某事情争吵 argue with sb about sth ‎66. look around 环顾, show sb around 带领某人参观 ‎67. 安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth ‎68. arrive at +小地点(airport) , arrive in +大地点(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late ‎69. 一件工艺品a work of art ‎70. 假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth ‎71. as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解释为虽然=though)‎ as he grows up 随着年龄的长大 , as we all know 众所周知 as+形容词+as 和…一样 ,not so+形容词+as 和…不一样 as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要 as well as 也 ‎72. ask after sb 问候某人 , ask for sb 请求某人 , ask for help 请求帮忙 ‎73. fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed 上床睡觉 , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感觉瞌睡的 ‎74. 把…和…联想在一起be associated with sth ‎75. 我向你保证…I assure you that … , assure sb of sth 向某人保证…‎ ‎76. 心脏病heart attack ‎77. 企图做某事情 make an attempt to do sth ‎78. 出席典礼attend the ceremony ,上学attend school ‎79. 注意… pay attention to sth/doing sth ‎80. a large/small audience 一大/小批听/观众 , 500个观众 an audience of five hundred ‎81. 可取得的,可采用的sth is available to sb ‎82. average 平均的:on average normal 正常的,通常指精神,体温正常:normal temperature ordinary 普通的,指地位普通 ordinary people , ordinary medicine usual 惯例的,通常的 as usual, the usual time ,at the usual place regular有规律的 regular customer common普遍的,大家所共同拥有的 common sense , common illness ‎83. 试图避免做某事情try to avoid doing sth ‎84. 意识到be aware of = realize ‎85. award 动词:授予,给予报酬, 名词:奖品 award sb sth=award sth to sb reward n./v.报答,奖赏 reward sb with sth for sth ‎86. 凡是指婴儿和电话用语中都用it ‎87. 回顾历史look back into history ‎88. 对…是有害的 be bad for…/be harmful to…/do harm to ‎89. 非常需要… need/want/require sth badly ‎90. 保持生态平衡keep the balance of nature ‎91. 禁止某人做某事情 ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth ‎92. 以…为基础base…on, 忙于做某事情 be busy in doing sth , 被…覆盖be covered with ‎93. 在海滩上on the beach , 在农场里in the farm , 在操场at the playground 在田野里in the fields ,‎ ‎94. 不能忍受某人做某事情can`t bear/stand doing sth ,‎ 不能理解某事情can`t understand doing sth ‎95. 牢记…bear/keep sth in mind 动动脑筋use one`s brains ‎96. beat sb by 3:1以3:1击败某人, the heart beat 心脏跳动 , beat times打拍子 ‎97. not…but… 不是…而是… not because…but because不是因为…而是因为…‎ ‎98. 还要很长时间…It will be a long time before +句子(用一般现在时)‎ 不久就…It won`t be a long time before+句子(用一般现在时)‎ 自从…以来…It is/has been 5 years since+句子(用过去时)‎ ‎99. 由…开始begin with , 在…一开始at the beginning of ‎100. behaviour n.行为,举止 , habit n.个人习惯 , manners n.礼貌 , customs n.风俗习惯 ‎101. 落后,落伍 fall behind , 落后于时代behind the times ‎102. the news , the truth , the fact , the idea后用that引导同位语从句 ‎103. 信不信由你believe it or not , 坦率地说frankly speaking=to be frank ‎104. 属于 belong to (无进行时,无被动) The book belongs to me.‎ ‎105. 受益,获益于benefit from / benefit sb a lot ‎106. 最好做某事情 had better do sth / had better not do sth It is better to do sth / It is better not to do sth ‎107. not a bit=not at all 一点也不 , not a little=very非常 ‎108. 一只眼失明be blind in one eye ‎109. 对…厌烦be bored with=be tired of =be fed up with ‎110. borrow sth from sb 从某人那里借进某物 , lend sth to sb向某人借出某物 buy sth from sb 向某人买某物, buy sth for sb为某人买了某物 ‎111. bread and butter, when and where , knife and fork , law and order,‎ each man and (each) woman , every boy and (every)girl 以上词组做主语,谓语动词用单数 ‎112. 违反法律break the law , 闯入break into , (战争,火灾的)爆发 break out 机器坏了,精神垮了break down ‎113. 屏住呼吸catch /hold one`s breath , 上气不接下气out of breath ‎114. 河上的桥the bridge over the river , 桌上的书the book on the desk ‎115. bring sb up 抚养某人=raise sb, sb grow up某人长大成人 ‎116. 突然大笑burst into laughter=burst out laughing , 突然大哭burst into tears=burst out crying ‎117. do business做生意 , be on business在出差 ‎118. 忙于做某事情be busy in doing sth=be busy with sth ‎119. 按小时得到工资get paid by the hour ‎120. call for 需要, call on 号召,呼吁, call off 取消 ,call on sb=call at sp拜访 ‎121. 保持镇静remain calm , 冷静下来calm down ‎122. can`t help doing sth 情不自禁去做某事情, can`t help but do sth 只能去做某事情 can`t help (to) do sth 不能去做某事情 , can`t…too…太…也不过分 ‎123. care for =take care of照顾,喜欢, care about关心,在乎 ‎124. 职业,生涯career ‎125. 小心be careful= look out =watch out ‎126. carry on 继续做某事情, carry out 执行, carry sth with sb随身携带某物 carry the news on the paper在报纸上刊登消息,‎ ‎127. in case 以防万一+句子(用should+动词原型), in case of +n . 以防万一,遇到…的时候 in that case 如果那样的话, in no case 决不 ‎128. 抓住某人的手臂catch sb by the arm , 打在某人的脸上beat sb in the face 打在某人的鼻子上hit sb on the nose , 牵某人的手take sb by the hand ‎129. catch the train 赶上火车 , catch up with sb 追上,赶上某人, catch a cold 感冒 catch sb doing sth 抓住某人正在做某事情, be caught in the rain 淋雨,‎ be caught in the traffic jam遇到交通阻塞 ‎130. cause and effect 因果关系, …的原因the cause of…,the reason for 使某人做某事情 cause sb sth = cause sb to do sth ‎131. Chances are that…很可能…‎ There is no possibility of doing sth…做某事情没有可能性 ‎132. in charge of…掌管…, in the charge of sb由某人掌管 ‎133. 骗某人东西cheat sb (out) of sth , 偷某人东西steal sth from sb 抢劫某人东西rob sb of sth ‎134. 考试作弊cheat at exams ‎135. check in 登记入住,上机 check out结帐离开,出境 ‎136. 使某人振作精神cheer sb up ‎137. 儿童节children`s day 有day无the ‎138. 可供选择的五对five pairs to choose from/five pairs to be chosen ‎139. 在圣诞节 at Christmas 在圣诞前夕 on Chrismas Day’s Eve ‎140. 自称是，声称是 claim to be sth ‎141. 天气放晴，疑团解开 clear up 把..弄清楚 make sth clear=make it clear to do/that ‎142. 靠近 be close to sth 让门关着 with the door closed 让门开着 with the door open ‎143. 布料 cloth 衣服 clothes 衣物 clothing ‎144. 案子的线索 the clue to the case 练习的答案 the key to the exercise 问题的解决方法 the solution to the problem 门的钥匙 the key to the door 电影院的入口 the entrance to the cinema ‎145. 集邮 collect stamps 筹款 collect/raise money ‎146. 把A和B相结合 combine A with B 把A和B做比较 compare A with B 把A比作B compare A to B ‎147. 向某人抱怨 complain to sb about/of sth ‎148. How come?=Why? 苏醒 come to(oneself)‎ 偶遇 come across=run into=meet with=meet…by chance ‎149. 对..作出评论 make comments on sth ‎150. 通过..与某人交流 communicate with sb by sth ‎151. 由..组成 be composed of= be made up of= consist of ‎152. 得出结论 arrive at/come to the conclusion ‎153. 只要 on condition that=as long as ‎154. 对..有信心 have confidence in=be confident of ‎155. 向某人祝贺某事 congratulate sb on sth ‎156. 把..看作 consider sb to be=consider sb as 考虑做某事 consider doing sth ‎157. 和某人接触 contact sb=make contact with sb ‎158. 某人方便的话 It is convenient to sb to do sth ‎159.生活费 the cost of living 不惜一切代价 at all costs 什么使某人付出什么代价 sht cost sb sth 某人付钱买什么 sb pay money/time to do sth 花费某人去 It takes sb some money/time to do sth ‎160. 在..过程中 in/during the course of ‎161. 书的封面 the cover of the course of 桌子的表面 the surface of the desk ‎162. 挤满 be crowded with ‎163. 做某事毫无用处 It’s no use doing sth=It’s not useful to do ‎164. 对…感到好奇 be curious about ‎165. 削减/砍伐 cut down 割去/断绝 cut off 插嘴 cut in=interrupt ‎166. damage（修饰sth,损坏，毁坏） wound (修饰sb 刀伤,抢伤)‎ destroy (修饰sth 破坏,.消灭) injured (修饰sb 指事故受伤)‎ hurt （修饰sb 指心灵情感受伤）‎ ‎167. 看见 the other day/ago 用过去时 ‎168. dead 形容词，死的 the dead man 已死去的人 deadly 形容词，致命的 the deadly weapon 致命武器 dying 形容词，垂死的 the dying man 快要死的人 death 名词，死亡 come to death 濒临死亡 ‎169. deal with sb/sth (How) do with sth (What)‎ ‎170. 做出决定 make a decision=make up one’s mind to do sth=decide to do sth ‎171. 满足需求 meet one’s needs/demands ‎172. 依靠 depend on ‎173. 冲洗底片 develop the film ‎174. the developed country 发达国家 the developing country 发展中国家 the excited boy兴奋的男孩 the fallen leaves落叶 the retired worker退休工人 ‎175.随着…的发展 with the development of ‎176. 致力于 devote oneself/time to doing sth ‎177. 死于疾病 die of a disease 死于刀伤 die from wound ‎178. A和B在…方面不同differ A from B in /A is different from B in 有所差别 make a difference ‎179. 觉得做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 不辞辛劳去做某事 take the trouble to do sth.‎ ‎180. 稍远一些 at a distance 在远处 in the distance ‎181. 把..分成…divide…into… 把…隔开…isolate…from… 把…分开…separate…from…‎ ‎182. I don’t doubt that… I doubt when/what/whether…‎ ‎183. 由于…病倒了 be down with ‎184. five dozen/hundred/thousand dozens/hundreds/thousands of ‎185. 梦想做… dream of doing …‎ ‎186.穿着… be dressed in 某人自己穿衣 dress oneself/sb ‎187. Each of us has a book We each have books ‎188. 谋生 earn/make one’s living ‎189. effective 效的 efficient 高效的 ‎190. 推选某人做主席 elect sb chairman (职位名词前不加冠词)‎ ‎191. 使某人能够做某事 enable sb to do sth ‎192. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth ‎193. energy n.能量，活力，精力 full of energy force n.武力 work force strength n.力气 have strength to do sth ‎194. be engaged in sth 忙着做某事 be engaged to sb 与某人订婚 ‎195. 说英语的国家 English-speaking country 英语口语 spoken English ‎196. something interesting old enough to do sth ‎197. equip sb with sth/provide sth for sb supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb offer sb sth /offer sth to sb ‎198. even though/if 即使 as though/if似乎，好像 ever since 自从…以来 ‎199. 每隔一天 every other day 每三周 every three weeks ‎200. 除了…之外，只得做某事 do nothing except/but do sth ‎201. 原谅某人做某事 excuse one’s doing sth excuse sb for doing sth ‎202. 期待某人做某事 expect to do sth/expect sb to do sth hope to do sth/hope that+句子(用will/would+V.)‎ want to do sth wish to do sth/with that +句子（用过去时/had done/would+V.） wish sb sth ‎203. Sth is expensive/cheap The price is high/low ‎204. expand扩大expand the business extend延伸 extend the road ‎205. 某方面专家 the expert in sth ‎206. 解释… explain doing sth explain to sb. sth ‎207. 事实上 in fact=as a matter of fact ‎208. 不能/没有做某事 fail to do sth.‎ ‎209. 相当，十分 fairly修饰褒义词 fairly well rather too=much too=far too rathe修饰比较级 a rather cold day=rather a cold day (贬义词)‎ quite 修饰 il,im,in开头的单词 ‎210. be familiar with 熟悉 be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉的 be similar to与…相似/ the same as ‎211. 以…而著名be famous/know for+原因 be famous/known as+职业 ‎212. Far 修饰比较级，by far 多用于修饰最高级 ‎213. 以…为生 feed on …=live on …‎ ‎214. only a few=few 只有几个 quict a few=many 许多 ‎215. 充满 be filled with=with=be full of ‎216. 完成做某事 finish doing sth ‎217.the first to come,the first to do /that… the last to leave the next to do the first time=the minute=the moment=when ‎218. fit:尺寸大小合适 suit颜色，式样，款式合适 match=go with 相配 ‎219. fix one’s eyes on sth 注视 ‎220. flight 航班 float漂浮 fly 飞 flow流动 ‎221. focus attention/mind on 集中注意力 ‎222. 爱好，喜欢 be fond of=be keen on ‎223. 释放某人 set sb free ‎224. in front of 在…前面 in the front of 在…前部 ‎225. What fun what bad news/weather ‎226. 得到更多信息 get further information ‎227. gnerally speaking 一般说来 ‎228. 上（下）公共汽车get on, get off 上（下）小汽车get into, get out of ‎229. 在某方面有天赋 have a gift for…‎ ‎230. give away 赠送,泄漏 give in屈服 give up放弃 give out发出（热，气味）筋疲力尽，分发 give off 发出（热，气味）‎ ‎231. only too =very非常 only to do sth结果却 never to do sth 从不做just to do sth 只能做 ‎232. glance at 瞥一眼 glare on 怒目相视 stare at 盯着看 watch sth disappear 注视..消失 ‎233.go bad变质 go over复习 go wrong发生故障 ‎234.be good at 擅长 do good to sb/sth 对某人/某物有好处 be good for sb对某人有好处 A good many students have books/ Many a student has a book 做什么事毫无用处 It’s no good doing=It’s no good to do sth The more work you do,the more good you will get.‎ ‎235.毕业于 graduate from ‎236.因..感激某人 be grateful to sb for sth/be thankful to sb for sth ‎237.养成..习惯 form/get into the habit of doing sth 改掉习惯 break/get rid og the habit of doing sth ‎238.cut sth in half=cut sth into halves ‎239.帮忙 lend a hand to sb 上交 hand in ‎240.hang 悬挂—hung—hung/hang 上吊—hanged—hanged ‎241.碰巧做某事 happen to do sth/碰巧… It (so) happens that…/‎ 某事碰巧发生某人身上 Sth happen to sb ‎242.Hardly…when…/no sooner…than…(置于句首,前分句倒装,前句用Had done,后句过去时)‎ Hardly had he left When I came ‎243.在某方面有问题 have trouble with sth/‎ 让某人做某事 have sb do sth=let sb do sth=make sb do sth 让某事被做 have sth done 使..处于某种状态 have sth doing 与…有关 have something to do with ‎244.收到某人来信 hear from sb 听见某人做某事（全过程） hear sb do 听见某人做某事（片段） hear sb doing ‎245.激烈的讨论 heated discussion ‎246.大雨/雪 heavy rain/snow ‎247.帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb out 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth=help sb(to) do sth 有用的 be of help=be helpful 在..的帮助下 with the help of ‎248.犹豫做某事 hesitate to do sth ‎249.高度评价 think/speak highly of ‎250.举起/耽搁 hold up 别挂断 hold on 阻挡 hold back ‎251.为了纪念 in honour of ‎252.无论多困难 however difficult=whatever difficulty/‎ 无论…however+形容词/副词 =whatever+名词 ‎253.匆忙做某事 hurry to do sth=do sth in a hurry ‎254.对..有大概的了解 get a rough/general idea of sth ‎255.不良作用 ill effect 副作用 side effect ‎256.设想做某事 imagine doing sth ‎257.对..产生影响 have an impact/influence on 给某人留下好印象 give sb a good impression ‎258.在某人20几岁时 in one’s twenties ‎259.depend on依靠=rely on be independent of 不依赖别人的,.独立的 ‎260.把某事通知某人 inform sb of sth 使某人得到通知 keep sb informed of sth ‎261.比…次等 be inferior to 比…高等 be senior to 比…低 be junior to ‎262.坚持做某事 insist on doing sth 坚决要求做 insist that+句子（用should+V）‎ 坚持..观点 insist that+句子（事实情况）‎ ‎263.打算做某事 plan to do=mean to do= intend to do ‎264.对..感兴趣 take/show interest in=be interested in ‎265.参军 join the army 成为一员 join sb 积极参加 join in=take part in ‎266.和某人开玩笑 play a joke on sb 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb=make fun of sb ‎267.靠左行驶 keep to the left 阻止某人做某事keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb (from)doing sth=stop sb (from)doing sth 与..保持一致 keep up with 赶上 catch up with 勿踏草坪 keep off the grass ‎268.拆毁 knock sth down=pull sth down 撞倒某人 knock sb down ‎269.认识某人 know sb 了解某人 know about/of sb ‎270.一门关于..的知识 a knowledge of English ‎271.缺少 lack sth=be lacking in sth=be short of sth 由于缺乏 for lack of=be in absence of ‎272.持续 last for=run for=continue for=last ‎273.开会迟到 be late for meeting 晚做作业 be late with hoework 晚些到arrive late lately=recently(句子用现在完成时) later on稍后 ‎274.同一类的 of a kind ‎275.lie 位于/躺—lay—lain lay 放置，孵蛋—laid—laid ‎276.通向，导致 lead to=result in ‎277.从错误中吸取教训 learn from one’s mistake 给某人一个教训teach sb. a lesson ‎278.请假 ask for leave 让某人独自呆着 leave sb. alone ‎279.抽出空闲时间 spare one’s leisure/free time ‎280.想要做…feel like doing=would like to do sth