高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料阅读理解含解析 19页

‎2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解01含解析 ‎ (一)‎ A ‎(2017·重庆卷，B)‎ Mapping Your World Different forms of maps are appearing.They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting，from the official to the unusual.Meanwhile，hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.Here are two of our favorites：‎ Green Maps Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons(图标)，making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it . At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps' advertised idea is “think global，map local”．It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place ，ranging from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.‎ Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers. Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with the producers through the Green Maps website.‎ Map Mashups Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World Heritage Sites are, to the most bizarre (古怪的)，such as where America's drunkest cities are.With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multilayered (多层的) map can be created.‎ 本文讲述了人们最喜欢的地图，一种是Greens maps，另一种是Maps Mashups。他们的共同特点是人们可以在网上编辑地图。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?‎ A．Aiming at environmental protection.‎ B．Introducing local attractions with icons.‎ C．Offering advice to independent travelers.‎ D．Collecting icons worldwide for local maps.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句话可知，绿色地图可允许人们分享当地一些环保的地方及吸引人的东西，并且用图标来添加信息，使人们更容易地看地图，由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“It's a wonderful way...to good places of bird watching”可知答案为B。‎ ‎3．“Map Mashups” is named with the word “mashups”because ________.‎ A．it is produced by users all over the world B．it gathers various kinds of information C．it shares icons with Green Maps D．it is a branch of Google Maps 答案：B。由最后一段的第三句话可知，为什么用“mashups”这个名，是因为它把所有的知识都结合起来，从最有用的到最古怪的。由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎4．What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?‎ A. They are created by local people.‎ B. They are environmentally friendly.‎ C. Users can edit maps on the Internet.‎ D. Users need to communicate with producers.‎ 答案： C。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话“Working in a similar way to Greens Maps，Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic.”可知C项正确。‎ B ‎(2017·四川卷，B)‎ Exploit your parking space An unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to ￡200 or ￡‎300 a week. Put an advertisement(广告)for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.‎ Rent(出租)a room Spare room? Not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income, but also, thanks to the governmentbacked “rent a room” program, you won't have to pay any tax on the first ￡4,500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.‎ Make money during special events Don't want a fulltime lodger? Then rent on a shortterm basis. If you live in the capital, ‎ renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money. Grashpadder can advertise your space. ‎ Live on set ‎ Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.‎ Use your roof You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around￡14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.‎ 如果你拥有自己的多余的房子，房间或停车场，如果你按照作者告诉你的上述做法去做，会轻松地挣到大钱。‎ ‎5．If you earn ￡5,000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ________.‎ A．￡300 B．￡500‎ C．￡4,500 D．￡5,000‎ 答案：B。数字计算题。根据第二个段落的信息句“...won't have to pay any tax for the first ￡4,500”，可以明确：所挣得的4500磅是不用缴税的，即：需要缴税的是多于这个数字的钱，此题中，该是500磅需要缴税。‎ ‎6．Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?‎ A．On Letpark. B．On Roomspare.‎ C．On Grashpadder. D．On Roommateeasy.‎ 答案：C。细节判断题。 根据第三个段落的最后一句话可以找到明确的答案，即选项C是正确的。‎ ‎7．If you want to use energy free, you have to ________.‎ A．sign an agreement with the government B．pay around ￡14,000 for the equipment C．sell the roof to some energy companies D．keep the roof unchanged within 25 years 答案：D。推理判断题。在最后一段中的最后一句话里含有本答案的信息： “25year agreement”以及“prevent you from changing your roof”都可以断定选项D的说法是符合原文的。‎ ‎8．For whom is the text most probably written?‎ A．Lodgers. B. Advertisers.‎ C．House owners. D．Online companies.‎ 答案：C。推理判断题。从每个段落都可以确定：这是个能够对外出租停车位，房间，房顶等的人，即：是个house owner，选项C是正确的。‎ C ‎(2017·新课标卷，C)‎ Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it's a winwin situation all around.”‎ They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin‎, ‎Tex.‎, some of the gardens have a threeyear waiting list.‎ George C．Ball Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.‎ 本文讲述了由于生活费用增高，加上经济下降，越来越多的人开始自己种菜，并且现在人们开车少了，旅游少了，有更多的时间来种菜，减少生活费用。‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?‎ A．chickens B．tomatoes C．gardens D．people 答案：A。词义猜测题。由上文的a chicken house(鸡舍)可知，它的居民应该是小鸡，故A项正确。‎ ‎10．Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?‎ A．More Americans are doing it for fun. B．The price of oil is lower than before.‎ C．There's a growing need for fruits. D．The cost of living is on the rise.‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知，由于生活费增高，经济下降，越来越多的人们开始自己种菜。故D项正确。‎ ‎11．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．Family Food Planning B．Banking on Gardening C．A Belttightening Move D．Gardening as a Hobby 答案：B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了由于生活费用增高，经济下降，迫使人们自己种菜来减少开支。A项意为：家庭食物计划；B项：依靠种菜；C项：紧缩腰带运动；D项：把种菜当做爱好。‎ D ‎(2017·山东卷，D)‎ Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.‎ Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.‎ In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.‎ ‎“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”‎ The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. ‎ Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”‎ He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.‎ 本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置，如轮椅。‎ ‎12．BCI is a technology that can ________.‎ A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computers C. help the disabled to recover D. control a person's thoughts ‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，科学家寻找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法，这一方法也即：大脑与电脑连接技术，帮助残疾人向机器发送信号，由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎13. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? ‎ A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine. ‎ C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第三段可知，Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅，用思想来指导轮椅，故D项正确。‎ ‎14. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?‎ A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair 答案：C。顺序排列题，根据第五段的二、三句话可知，头皮把信号传递给帽子，帽子再把信号传递给电脑，电脑再传译信号，并指令轮椅，由此可知C项正确。‎ ‎15. The team will test with real patients to ________.‎ A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them C. make them live longer 2D. learn about their physical condition 答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话可知，他们用真正的病人做实验，是为了证明这是一项他们能受益的技术，故B项正确。‎ ‎16. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A. Switzerland, the ‎BCI‎ Research ‎Center B. New Findings about How the Human Brain Works C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries 答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了BCI技术能够帮助残疾人，使他们通过思考就能操作一些设备装置，这样他们就有更多的自由，由此可知C项正确。‎ E ‎(2017·福建卷，E)‎ The internet will open up new vistas (前景)，create the global village—you can make new friends all around the world.That，at least, is what it promised us.The difficulty is thatit did not take the human mind into account.The reality is that we can not keep relationship with more than a limited number of people.No matter how hard the internet tries to putyou in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.‎ The problem is twofold(双重的)．First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with.That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain.Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in them.We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what's left among as ‎ many others as we can.The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”．‎ This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn't serve a socially valuable function.Of course it does.But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.‎ In one sense, that's a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage.If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you aren't using your time to make new friends where you now live.And I suspect that probably isn't the best use of your time.Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face.The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won't stop that happening eventually.‎ 一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用。而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度。他认为网络在加强人与人之间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用。‎ ‎17．What is stressed in the first paragraph?‎ A．The present situation of the internet.‎ B．The difficulty in communication on the internet.‎ C．The socially valuable function of the internet.‎ D．The role of the human mind in the internet communication.‎ 答案：D。主旨大意题。由文章第一段特别是最后一句“No matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication，its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用，故D项正确。‎ ‎18．The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “______”．‎ A．appointment B．connection C．interview D．agreement 答案：B。词义猜测题。句意为：问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间，我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经认识的人”，因此划线单词意为“联系，交往”。‎ ‎19．According to the passage, the author holds the view that______.‎ A．the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised B．the internet determines the quality of social relationships C．the internet greatly increases the size of social circles D．the internet communication is no less effective than the facetoface talk 答案：A。推理判断题。由文章的一些信息“This is not ，of course，to say that the internet doesn't serve a socially valuable function.以及The internet will slow down the rate with which ‎ relationships end，but it won't stop that happening eventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用，故A项正确。‎ ‎20．What is the author's attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?‎ A．He is uncertain about it. B．He is hopeful of it.‎ C．He approves of it. D．He doubts it.‎ 答案：D。态度观点题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用，因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度，D项正确。‎ ‎(二)‎ A ‎(2017·福建卷，A)‎ Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.‎ Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.‎ The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：‎ ‎●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or ‎●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or ‎●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)．‎ Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.‎ Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.‎ The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse.‎ Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol.‎ ‎ 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。‎ ‎1．The first paragraph is mainly about______.‎ A．the introductions of driving skills B．the damage of drinking to your body C．the effect of drinking on driving D．the process of alcohol being absorbed 答案：C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”．‎ A．alcohol B．absorption C．blood D．process 答案：D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，D项正确。‎ ‎3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.‎ B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.‎ C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.‎ D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B项正确。‎ ‎4．A driver suspected of drink driving______.‎ A．should provide specimens for testing B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years C．will be punished for 10 drivingoffence points D．should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A项正确。‎ B ‎(2017·安徽卷，B)‎ Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.‎ For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote ‎ areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.‎ During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.‎ 风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。‎ ‎5．From the text we know that windmills ________.‎ A. were invented by European armies B. have a history of more than 2,800 years C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered 答案：C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同时也能知道C项是正确的。‎ ‎6．What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?‎ A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.‎ C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from underground.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。‎ ‎7．One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.‎ A. wind power is cleaner B. it is one of the oldest power sources C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs 答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。‎ ‎8．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?‎ A. The advantages of wind power.‎ B. The design of wind power plants.‎ C. The worldwide movement to save energy.‎ D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.‎ 答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，说明作者会就这个话题继续展开。‎ C ‎(2017·北京卷，C)‎ Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my Blackberry—it's my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts.Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device(设备) and truly communicate with others.‎ On occasion，I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom，I have a rule—no laptops, iPads, phones, etc.When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.‎ Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There's a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am antitechnology. There's no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.‎ The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between course material and the class discussion.‎ I've been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create.Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.‎ I'm not saying that I won't ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change，I'm sticking to my plan. A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up.‎ 本文是一篇议论文。作者是一位老师，非常喜欢高科技产品，但是为了让他的学生在课堂上讨论历史话题、互相交流观点，他规定在课堂上学生不允许使用手提电脑、iPads及电话。刚开始学生不能理解，但是后来在对学生的学习评估中，学生对这一方法还是非常满意的。‎ ‎9．Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with ________.‎ A. the course material B. others' misuse of technology ‎ C. discussion topics D. the author's class regulations ‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段的“When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .”可知D项正确。‎ ‎10．The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ________.‎ A. explore B. accept ‎ C. change D. reject ‎ 答案： A。词义猜测题。根据第四段的“I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.”可知作者让学生们进行深切的交流，目的是让学生们获得激励和一些观点，故A项explore“探索”更为接近；accept “接受”；change“改变”；reject “拒绝”。‎ ‎11．According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ________.‎ A. keep students from doing independent thinking ‎ B. encourage students to have indepth conversations C. help students to better understand complex themes ‎ D. affect students' concentration on course evaluation 答案： A。推理判断题。由第四段的“Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas .”可知在教室内使用高科技产品使学生们对于外界信息过于依赖，不能独立思考。‎ ‎12．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ________.‎ A. is quite stubborn ‎ B. will give up teaching history ‎ C. will change his teaching plan soon ‎ D. values technologyfree dialogues in his class ‎ 答案： D。推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话可知作者对自己的不使用高科技产品让学生进行对话的方法是满意的。‎ D ‎(2017·陕西卷，A)‎ ‎　　这是一则关于“PALACE THEATRE & OPERA HOUSE”的广告。介绍“Live Card”与“Get it together团购”的好处以及预定方式。‎ ‎13．If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets, you can call________.‎ A．0844 847 2484 B．0800 587 5007‎ C．0844 499 6699 D．0161 245 6609‎ 答案：C。细节理解题。根据Live Card一栏最后一句Call 0844 499 6699 to join Live Card today 可知C项正确。‎ ‎14．How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post?‎ A．By visiting the website of a post office.‎ B．By going to your local bank in person.‎ C．By enclosing your Live Card in an envelope.‎ D．By providing your credit card information.‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。细读By post一栏可以排除A、B、C三项，D项“提供个人信用卡信息”与该栏中“enclosing (附寄)．..your credit details”相对应。‎ ‎15．What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text?‎ A．Delayed payment for tickets. B．Invitations to opening nights.‎ C．Reduced booking fees by phone. D．Generous discounts on tickets.‎ 答案：A。推理判断题。根据文中对于“团体预购”的介绍可知，团购者可以享受以下好处：免费打预订电话、不拿预订费、被邀请参加宴会、先预定后付款的项目。所以A项正确。‎ E ‎(2017·江西卷，D)‎ Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.‎ Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.‎ Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.‎ Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!‎ While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.‎ While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.‎ 本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。‎ ‎16．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?‎ A．To express his doubts. B．To compare different ideas.‎ C．To introduce points for discussion. D．To describe the conditions on Earth.‎ 答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。‎ ‎17．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?‎ A．Humans are natureborn to do so.‎ B．Humans have the tendency to fight.‎ C．Humans may find new sources of food.‎ D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。‎ ‎18．The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________.‎ A．survival chances B．potential resources C．unexpected benefits D．physical possessions 答案：C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。‎ ‎19．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?‎ A．Our genetic makeup. B．Resources on the earth.‎ C．The adaptive ability of humans. D．Byproducts in space exploration.‎ 答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。‎ ‎20．Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?‎ A．Space exploration has created many wonders.‎ B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.‎ C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology.‎ D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.‎ 答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。‎ ‎ *****************************************************结束 C4 [2018·课标全国卷] ‎ A Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：‎ ‎·Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making handmade pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.‎ ‎·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.‎ ‎·Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Preshow play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) making and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.‎ ‎·Try handson_science. Visit one of the many handson science museums around the country. These science playlands are great fun for kids and grownups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.‎ ‎56．If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit ________.‎ A．a Youtheater B．an art museum C．a natural history museum D．a handson science museum ‎57．What can kids do at a Youtheater?‎ ‎ A．Look at rock collections.‎ ‎ B．See dinosaur models.‎ ‎ C．Watch puppet making.‎ ‎ D．Give performances.‎ ‎58．What does “handson science” mean in the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A．Science games designed by kids.‎ ‎ B．Learning science by doing things.‎ ‎ C．A show of kids' science work.‎ ‎ D．Reading science books.‎ ‎59．Where does this text probably come from?‎ ‎ A．A science textbook.‎ ‎ B．A tourist map.‎ ‎ C．A museum guide.‎ ‎ D．A news report.‎ ‎【要点综述】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了4则关于博物馆信息的广告。第一则：艺术博物馆；第二则：自然历史博物馆；第三则：木偶剧院；第四则：自己动手科学博物馆。‎ ‎56．C　细节理解题。如果孩子对宇宙感兴趣，那你就得带孩子去“自然历史博物馆”。宇宙的内容是自然历史博物馆的一部分。根据第二则广告中的“This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.”可知C正确。‎ ‎57. C　细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“Puppet(木偶)making and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.”可知C正确。‎ ‎58. B　词义猜测题。根据文章中最后一则广告中的“They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在这种博物馆中，孩子们通过按按钮、做实验和建东西去体验。所以B正确。‎ ‎59. C　推理判断题。根据文章的第一句话“Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：”和四则广告全是有关博物馆的内容可知，这是一则博物馆广告介绍，所以这取材于博物馆指南。‎ ‎**********************************************结束 C4[2018·江西卷] ‎ B ‎ ‎ A Book Review — The SnakeStone ‎ by Berlie Doherty The setting: Urban England (the cities), but also rural England (the countryside) including remote English villages.‎ ‎ The theme: The main theme is a teenage search of selfdiscovery, in this case the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age. Its other concerns are love, getting on with others ，being persistent and courageous and trying to deal with doubts, troubles and worries. As the book moves to a close, James' swimming coach says to him: ‘You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.’‎ The characters: James is the hero of the story. He is a championship diver, and has a comfortable life with his foster parents(养父母)．Yet he also has the qualities to take him on a long journey to find his birth mother. The other characters in The SnakeStone, James' parents, his diving instructor, best friend, the villagers, people he meets on his journey, are pictured realistically.‎ The turning point：The turning point in the story comes while James' foster parents are away in London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he has is a fossil, ‘the snake stone’ which she left behind along with a note on which she had written，‘Take good care of Sammie.’ It was written on a torn envelope with parts of an address still there.‎ The journey：Instead of going to London, James decides to find his birth mother. With help from his geography teacher, James sets out for the remote country village where his mother might be found. James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels. The mother he finally meets, Anne, has a minor yet powerful voice in the novel. He comes to understand why she left him at a stranger's door fifteen years before. Although the meeting is not long, it leaves him with a feeling of completeness. As a journey of selfdiscovery The SnakeStone also provides its readers with a happy ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, ‘I was home.’‎ ‎61. What is the main theme of the novel?‎ ‎ A. Life with foster parents. ‎ B. Life in the world of diving.‎ ‎ C. A journey of selfdiscovery. ‎ D. A travel around the country.‎ ‎ 62. What do the coach's words in Paragraph 2 suggest?‎ ‎ A. James is a successful diver. ‎ B. James is a hopeful swimmer.‎ ‎ C. James is an outgoing young man. ‎ D. James is an independent young man.‎ ‎ 63. The snake stone in the novel is________.‎ ‎ A. a stone with an address on it ‎ B. a clue left by the birth mother ‎ C. a gift from the swimming coach ‎ D. a fossil left by the foster parents ‎ 64. Which of the following is true about the novel?‎ ‎ A. The story has a sad ending.‎ ‎ B. The story takes place in the city of London. ‎ ‎ C. The characters are vividly described.‎ D. The turning point comes after the hero meets his birth mother.‎ ‎ 65. It can be concluded that James' journey is ________.‎ ‎ A. worthwhile B. boring ‎ C. comfortable D. disappointing ‎【要点综述】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了一本书的背景、主题、人物、故事的转折点以及人物的旅途等信息。‎ ‎61. C　细节理解题。由第二段第一句“The main theme is a teenage search of selfdiscovery…”可知本书的主题是自我发现的旅程。‎ ‎62. D　推理判断题。由第二段教练的话“You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.”可知詹姆斯不像小孩，而是像一个知道自己方向的年轻人，由此可推断出他是一个独立的年轻人。‎ ‎63. B　细节理解题。由第四段“The only clue he has is a fossil, ‘the snake stone’ which she left behind along with a note on…with parts of an address still there.”的表达可知这块石头是他亲生母亲留下的线索。‎ ‎64. C　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“…are pictured realistically.”可知故事逼真地介绍了里面的角色。vividly与realistically意思一致。‎ ‎65. A　推理判断题。由最后一段第三句“James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels.”及全文表达可知詹姆斯的旅途是值得的。‎ ‎***************************************************************结束