2020版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材复习 题组提分练8 Unit 3 Computers2 10页

题组提分练8 Unit 3 Computers ‎ 限时35分钟　‎ 加黑体小题训练数据计算题和事实排序题 阅读理解A　(2018·邢台质检)　体裁：应用文　话题：节假日活动　难度：★★☆☆☆ ‎ The Summer Holiday Activities for Families in the ‎UK While the Astronaut spacewalk, Manchester last year remains in the memory of some families, our weekbyweek guide to the school summer break this year features a host of special events and outdoor fun for kids, from openair cinema and live music to coming face to face with dinosaurs.‎ Polar fun, Edinburgh Dynamic Earth in Edinburgh is keeping cool this summer with lots of polarthemed activities, including family science shows on the Arctic and Antarctic, icy experiments, and craft designs where kids can make their own penguin, walrus or polar bear.‎ ‎·Until 28 August, ￡15 adults, ￡9.50 children, dynamicearth.co.uk.‎ 10‎ ‎·1 July～10 September, prices vary, usually from ￡5～10, booking for events required but the house and gardens can be visited without booking，‎ stammerhouse.co.UK/kidsfest.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了几个适合家庭的暑假活动。‎ 答案与解析　B　细节理解题。根据题干关键词fossil定位到原文第三段最后一句，再通过Dianosaur events, various locations可知选项B正确。‎ 答案与解析　C　数据计算题。根据题干关键信息“最多花费多少钱”结合文章对各个活动中的费用信息可知所有的活动花费是：[(15＋29.5＋10)＋(9.50＋26＋10)]×2＝200，故选项C正确。‎ 10‎ 答案与解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章对Proud Country House kids fest这个活动的介绍中“讲故事、骑车、爬树和家庭瑜伽”可知选项A正确。‎ 词汇微存　①in the memory of ...在……的记忆中； ②feature vt.以……为特色 阅读理解B　(2018·张家口模拟)　体裁：说明文　话题：社会　难度：★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ The typical British employees can expect to spend about ￡34,000 during their whole working life on the daily costs of being in the office, including tea runs and leaving gifts for colleagues, according to a research.‎ 10‎ Overall, more than a quarter of people surveyed said they felt pressured when it came to contributing towards birthday and leaving gifts, with 27% of people saying this about gifts for colleagues who were leaving.‎ Nearly 32% said they felt pressured into contributing money to help their colleagues' charity fund raising efforts.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章介绍在整个工作生涯中，英国员工用在包括喝茶、同事之间的送礼物等大概花费3400英镑。文章同时分析了男士和女士在这些花费方面的不同态度。‎ A. ￡25,500 B. ￡34,000‎ 10‎ C. ￡20,000 D. ￡40,000‎ 答案与解析　A　数据计算题。根据第二段中的内容可知每年大约花费850英镑，工作30年，总计花销应为：850×30＝25 550 ，故选项A正确。‎ ‎5．Compared with men, women's reaction to spending money at work Christmas parties is ________.‎ A. more satisfied B. unhappier C. more stressed D. less concerned 答案与解析　C　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“42%的男士为单位圣诞派对花钱会很不开心，与此相比，34%的女士会为此感到不开心。20%的女士觉得为单位圣诞派对花钱倍感压力而12%的男士会这么觉得”。可推断出相比男士而言，女士对花钱过单位圣诞派对的压力比男士大，故选项C正确。‎ ‎6．What does Alan Oliver advise office workers to do?‎ A. Work in big teams.‎ B. Save money for future use.‎ C. Get along well with colleagues.‎ D. Raise enough money to do charity.‎ 答案与解析　B　细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句可知Alan Oliver建议培养定期存钱的习惯有助于应付将来的经济问题，故选项B正确。‎ ‎7．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. The Management of Personal Finance B. Relations Among the UK Office Workers C. Levels of Happiness of the UK Office Workers D. The Daily Cost of the UK Employees in an Office 答案与解析　D　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍英国员工的日常花费情况，故选项D作为标题合适。‎ 词汇微存　①pressured/stressed adj.压力大的；‎ ‎②compared with ...与……相比 ‎ 阅读技巧4　加减乘除得数据——数据计算题 解答数据计算题(如阅读第2和第4小题)关键是要弄清各数据之间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法。解题技巧如下：①先阅读题干，然后带着题干中的关键词去读文章，对于数字、时间、年代等在读的同时做好标记，以便读完文章后进行相应的计算。②简单的数据可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为式，进行简单的运算。‎ 阅读理解C　(2018·德州质检)　体裁：说明文　话题：科普知识与现代技术　难度：★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 10‎ A new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry air using nothing but sunlight. With this device, “you can harvest a glass of water in an hour，” says Omar Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “That's about how much water a person needs a day to survive in the desert.”‎ Although the current device is just a prototype (原型), the technology could be adopted to supply fresh water to the most remote regions of the globe, such as the Middle East and North Africa.‎ When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF801 collects water vapor from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box, which cools the vapor, making it into drinkable water. This entire process takes around two hours.‎ Laboratroy tests of the device harvested 2.8 liters of water per day. Therefore, the device could be used as a personal water source in dry regions, Yaghi says, or the technology could be used to produce enough water for a whole community.‎ 10‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一种能利用阳光把空气制造成可饮用水的设备，这项设备可用来为偏远地方提供饮用水。‎ ‎8．The new device is invented to ________ according to Yaghi.‎ A. provide solar enegy B. make the desert hospitable C. make water from air D. measure humidity 答案与解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“利用太阳光把空气变成水”可知选项C正确。‎ ‎9．What helps the device avoid the problems of previous attempts?‎ A. A new material called MOF801.‎ B. Large pores which can trap water.‎ C. The box cooling water vapor.‎ D. The layer powered by the sun.‎ 答案与解析　A　推理判断题。根据第四段前两句可知这种可以避免以前的尝试中遇到的问题的特殊材料是MOF801, 故选项A正确。‎ ‎10．Which is the right order of how the device works?‎ a. Collect vapor from the air.‎ b. The device is left in the shade.‎ c. The device is moved in the sunlight.‎ d. Cool the vapor into drinkable water.‎ A. a, b, c, d B. b, a, c, d C. c, a, b, d D. a, c, b, d 答案与解析　B　事实排序题。根据第五段的造水顺序说明可知先将设备放在阴凉处，以收集空气中的水蒸气，再将设备移到阳光下，最后水蒸气变冷转化为可饮用水，故选项B正确。‎ 词汇微存　①existing adj.现有的；现存的 ‎②hospitable adj.好客的 阅读技巧5　首尾定位排序列——事实排序题 细节排序类的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体事实，然后要求学生根据原文内容对选项中的事实进行排序。如阅读理解C第10小题。解题技巧：①先定排头后定尾：先确定第一个，然后确定最后一个，缩小选择范围。②对照选项定中间：排出首尾顺序后，对照选项，若有相同选项则为答案，核查原文确定中间几个细节的排序。‎ 阅读七选五　(2018·阜阳统考)　体裁：记叙文　话题：社会　难度：★★★☆☆‎ 10‎ ‎　　One of my earliest memories was watching my mum talk on our old phone. I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasn't actually in the room with her. __1__ I was wondering how she managed to talk with someone she couldn't see.‎ ‎__2__ Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an email around the world in a second. My daughter's smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”， where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before.‎ ‎__3__ Few take the time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones, we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.‎ Don't let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make the time to meet, to pray and to communicate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. __4__‎ A. That was a long time ago.‎ B. Connect offline as well as online.‎ C. Smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages.‎ D. We should communicate with each other with phones off.‎ E. When your technology can help to do these things, then use it.‎ G. When she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while.‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇解读】　科技的发展使我们的交流过更方便，但是我们面对面的交流反而少而又少，因此我们应明智地使用科技。‎ 10‎ ‎1．G　根据设空前一句中的fascinated和设空后一句中的wondering可知作者对电话很好奇，故选项G“她离开屋子时，我慢慢地走到电话前看了电话一会”符合语境。‎ ‎2．A　设空后是Later, 故该空指看见电话感到很好奇是很久以前的事，故选项A正确。‎ ‎3．F　设空上一句说明“好像我们比以前的联系更密切了”结合设空后一句“很少有人花时间面对面交谈”可推知，此处表是转折，应用选项F“然而，使我困惑的是我们现在很少和他人联系”符合语境。‎ ‎4．B　根据设空前一句中的关键信息the phones off 可推断出选项B“保持线下线上的交流”符合语境。‎ ‎5．E　根据空后的关键词it can't 可知该处应用选项E“当科技能帮助我们时，用它”。‎ 词汇微存　①be fascinated by ...对……着迷； ②at any time在任何时候 七选五技巧3　利用逻辑关系巧解段中句 利用句子之间的逻辑词语可以解设空在句中的题，语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握。常用的连接词或短语有：因果关系(so、therefore、thus、consequently、as a result等)；并列关系(first、second、third ...; firstly、secondly、thirdly ...; first、next、then ...; for one thing、for another thing ...等)；转折关系(however、nevertheless、still、though、yet、otherwise等)。‎ 微技能1　并列或递进关系 并列关系：空格前后两句之间有：first、second、third; firstly、secondly、thirdly; first、next、then; for one thing、for another; to begin with; to conclude等词，应推出前后句是并列关系，空格处很可能是个并列的句子。‎ 递进关系：空格前后两句之间有also“也，并且”；further“进一步地，而且”；furthermore“而且，此外”；likewise“同样地，也”；similarly“相同地，类似地”；moreover“而且，此外”；in addition“另外”；what's more“而且”；not only ... but (also) “不但……而且……”等连接词或词组，应推出前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。‎ 微技能2　转折或让步关系 空格前后两句话之间有however“然而”；nevertheless“然而，不过”；still“还，仍然”；though“可是，不过，然而”；yet“然而”；on the contrary“正相反”；in contrast“与此相反，相比之下”；in comparison“比较，与……比较”；by comparison“相比之下，比较起来”等连接词，应推出前后两句话是转折关系，空格可能是一个表转折或让步的句子。‎ 10‎ 微技能3　因果或例证关系 因果关系：so/therefore、thus、consequently、 as a result of、so/such ... that ...、so that ...等，如出现这些标志性词语，表明前后句有因果关系。‎ 例证关系：空格前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。 ‎ 10‎