2020版高考英语 Unit 1 Cultural relics（词汇考查+词汇应用）（含解析）新人教版必修2 9页

Unit 1‎ 李仕才 ‎ 一、词汇复习 ‎（一）单句语法填空 ‎1．New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are ________ students have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer. ‎ 答案：that　句意为：浙江的高考新计划是考生必须参加语文、数学、英语和他们喜欢的其他三科的考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用that引导。‎ ‎12．(2015·天津十二区县联考改编)There is a strong possibility ________ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future. ‎ 答案：that　句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是非常有可能的。设空后的从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分，且是对possibility的进一步解释、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填that。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖南，24改编)As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans. ‎ 答案：what　句意为：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，故填what。‎ ‎4．(2014·陕西，15改编)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. ‎ 答案：When　句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，depends much on是句子的谓语，________ the delayed flight will take off是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意，设空处在主语从句中作时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎5．(2014·福建，34改编)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do. ‎ 答案：what/whatever/anything　句意为：振作起来，勇气就是去做(任何)你害怕做的事。分析题干可知，doing后为宾语从句，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语且表物。也可填anything。‎ ‎（二）英汉互译 ‎1、△cultural adj. __________‎ ‎2、△relic n. __________ ‎ ‎3、rare adj. __________‎ ‎4、valuable adj. __________‎ ‎5、survive vi. __________‎ ‎6、vase n. __________‎ 9‎ ‎7、dynasty n. __________‎ ‎8、△Taj Mahal __________‎ ‎9、△ivory n. __________‎ ‎10、△dragon n. __________‎ ‎11、△amber n. __________‎ ‎12、in search of __________‎ ‎13△Frederick William I __________‎ ‎14、△Prussia n. __________‎ ‎15、amaze vt. __________‎ ‎16、 amazing adj. __________‎ ‎17、select vt. __________‎ ‎18、honey n. __________‎ ‎19、design n. vt. __________‎ ‎20、fancy adj. vt. __________‎ ‎21、style n. __________‎ ‎22、decorate v. __________‎ ‎23、jewel n. __________‎ ‎24、artist n. __________‎ ‎25、belong vi. __________‎ ‎26、belong to __________‎ ‎27、△Peter the Great __________‎ ‎28、in return __________‎ ‎29、△Czar n. __________‎ ‎30、troop n. __________‎ ‎31、△St Petersburg n. __________‎ ‎32、reception n. __________‎ ‎33、△Catherine Ⅱ __________‎ ‎35、at war __________‎ ‎36、remove vt. __________‎ ‎37、less than __________‎ ‎38、wooden adj. __________‎ ‎39、doubt n. vt. __________‎ ‎40、△Konigsberg n. __________‎ ‎41、△the Baltic Sea __________‎ ‎42、△mystery n. __________‎ ‎43、former adj. __________‎ ‎44、worth prep. adj. __________‎ ‎45、△rebuild vt. __________‎ ‎46、local adj. __________‎ ‎47、apart adv. __________‎ ‎48、take apart __________‎ ‎49、△Leningrad n. __________‎ ‎50、painting n. __________‎ ‎51、castle n. __________‎ 9‎ ‎52、△Windsor Castle __________‎ ‎53、trial n. __________‎ ‎54、△eyewitness n. __________‎ ‎55、evidence n. __________‎ ‎56、△Jan Hasek __________‎ ‎57、△Czech Republic __________‎ ‎58、explode vi. __________‎ ‎59、entrance n. __________‎ ‎60、△Hans Braun __________‎ ‎61、sailor n. __________‎ ‎62、sink vi. (sank, sunk; sunk, sunken) __________‎ ‎63、△Anna Petrov__________‎ ‎64、maid n. __________‎ ‎65、△Berlin n. __________‎ ‎66、think highly of __________‎ ‎67、△Johann Webber__________‎ ‎68、informal adj. __________‎ ‎69、debate n. vi. __________‎ 二、阅读理解 A Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.‎ Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.‎ But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.‎ ‎"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University‎ of ‎Southern California. "It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people 9‎ ‎ have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.‎ In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.‎ Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University‎ of ‎Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.‎ Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”‎ ‎1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness C. No one can define the limit to happiness.‎ D. The relationship between health and happiness.‎ ‎2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?‎ A. They focus on what makes them feel good.‎ B. They have their own circle of friends.‎ C. They have better income after retirement.‎ ‎3.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness.‎ B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.‎ C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy.‎ D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic.‎ ‎4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage?‎ A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness.‎ B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society.‎ 9‎ C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is.‎ D. How older people feel compared with younger people.‎ ‎【文章大意】随着年龄的增加变老，人们的幸福感也是不一样的。一些人认为老年人会更幸福些，而另一部分分则持有相反的观点。无论如何，幸福的关键在于一个人对生活的态度。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据此段中“the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life… no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”可知，幸福是没有标准和限度的。故选C。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“It's all about attitude. Research by the University‎ of ‎Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.”可知，人们对生活和幸福的感觉主要取决于一个人的态度。故选B。‎ B About ‎Edinburgh‎ ‎Castle Edinburgh Castle plays an important role in Scotland’s capital. During the Wars of Scottish Independence the castle changed hands many times. In 1314 it was retaken from the English in a sudden night attack by Thomas Randolph, nephew of Robert the Bruce.‎ The castle was home to kings and queens. Queen Margaret died here in 1093, and Mary, Queen of Scots, gave birth to James VI in the royal palace in 1566. From the 1600s onwards the castle was a military(军事的) base. Later it also held prisoners of war. Parts of the castle are still a military base, but it is now a world－famous 9‎ ‎ visitor attraction.‎ Opening Hours The castle opens daily at 9：‎30 a．m. Closing time varies seasonally.‎ ‎1 April－30 September：It closes at 6 p．m.‎ ‎1 October－31 March：It closes at 5 p．m.‎ The castle is closed on 25th and 26th December. On January 1st it is open from ‎11 a．m. to 5 p．m. and normal hours start from January 2nd.‎ Last admission is 1 hour before closing.‎ Ticket Types and Prices Beat the queues and book ahead online using our web store for fast－track entry at no extra cost. Members do not need to queue at the ticket office, and simply need to show their card at Visitor Information.‎ Prices Adult(16－59 years)‎ ‎￡ 16.50‎ Child(5－15 years)‎ ‎￡ 9.90‎ Special(60＋years and unemployed)‎ ‎￡ 13.20‎ Children under 5 years old go free. They must be accompanied by an adult.‎ Guided ‎Tours A guided tour is included in your ticket price—our guides love sharing their stories.They are experienced, knowledgeable and are always happy to answer questions, so it’s a great way to discover the castle’s amazing past. Guided tours take place throughout the day and the meeting point is through the Portcullis Gate past the audio booth by the clock.‎ ‎【解题导语】　该文主要介绍了去爱丁堡城堡游览的相关事宜。‎ ‎1．What can be inferred about Edinburgh Castle from the text?‎ A．It was used as a prison in the 1 500s.‎ B．It now works only as a tourist attraction.‎ C．It was the birthplace of Queen Margaret.‎ D．It was once owned by non－Scottish people.‎ 9‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一部分的“In 1314 it was retaken from the English in a sudden night attack by Thomas Randolph, nephew of Robert the Bruce.”可知，爱丁堡城堡曾经被英国人占领和控制，故选D。‎ ‎2．When can visitors visit Edinburgh Castle on New Year’s Day?‎ A．4 p．m.－6 p．m.　　　 B．3 p．m.－5 p．m.‎ C．‎10 a．m.－‎12 a．m. D．‎9 a．m.－‎11 a．m.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分的“On January 1st it is open from ‎11 a．m. to 5 p．m. and normal hours start from January 2nd.”可知，新年这天可以参观爱丁堡城堡的时间是上午11点到下午5点，结合选项可知选B。 ‎ ‎3．How much should jobless Jack and his twin grandchildren aged 5 pay in all to visit Edinburgh Castle?‎ A．￡ 13.20. B．￡ 16.50.‎ C．￡ 33.00. D．￡ 36.30.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。结合题干并根据第四部分关于门票的价格可知，应该付的数目是13.2＋9.9×2＝33.00，故选C。‎ ‎4．What does the text say about guided tours of Edinburgh Castle?‎ A．They cost no extra money.‎ B．They are provided only at certain times.‎ C．Questions aren’t welcomed during them.‎ D．They are provided only at the Portcullis Gate.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“A guided tour is included in your ticket price”可知，导游的费用包含在票价里，不需要花费额外的钱，故选A。‎ 三、七选五 Freshmen anywhere may be nervous about university life. Here, three pieces of advice are for them.‎ Listen but don’t be silent The world is held in students’ hand via smart phones. Thus, they may consider lecture listening less important. 　 1 　It forces students to face the difficulties of training a deep attentiveness. Unsurprisingly, students find it hard ‎ 9‎ to speak out, ask questions or for points of clarification. They don’t want to appear foolish or incapable. However, there is no such thing as a foolish question. Teachers are there to help you understand. This also goes for seminars and workshops. 　 2 　‎ Read and buy books ‎　 3 　There’re so many useful online sources today, but the habit of reading books, especially whole books, is something being lost. Buy your own books. There are many bargains to be found on used-book websites or through Amazon. Being a book lover and buyer will help any student get the most out of their education.‎ ‎　 4 　‎ As a student, you don’t just have to learn to listen and become an active reader: you also have to become an academic writer. Written work at college level cannot be done at the last minute or in a rush. It takes time. Turn to your teachers. If they will read draft essays then make sure you can get feedback(反馈)ahead of the final submission. 　 5 　‎ Students who get feedback on their work always do better than those who do not. It is one of the few educational laws that holds true in all cases.‎ A. Don’t try to do it all the night before.‎ B. However, a lecture is a listening workout.‎ C. Thinking clearly cannot be done in a rush.‎ D. So train your ear, listen carefully, but don’t be silent.‎ E. Reading‎ is the most important thing that any student does.‎ F. Re-writing has proved to be the turning point in one’s degree.‎ G. If they won’t read drafts, then see them to run through your ideas.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大学一年级新生如何适应大学生活。‎ ‎1.B 【解析】考查上下文衔接。根据前文＂Thus, they may consider lecture listening less important.＂（因此，他们可能认为听讲座不重要）与B项(然而一个讲座就是一次听力训练)在此相衔接，故选B。‎ ‎2.D 【解析】考查上下文衔接。根据前文＂This also goes for seminars and workshops. ＂（这需要到研讨班）与D项（仔细听训练你的听力，但不要沉默）衔接，故选D。‎ 9‎ ‎3.E 【解析】考查语篇逻辑。本段的主旨是＂Read and buy books＂（阅读和购买书），而E项（阅读对学生来说很重要）符合逻辑，故选E。‎ ‎ 5.G 【解析】考查语篇逻辑。前文＂If they will read draft essays then make sure you can get feedback(反馈)ahead of the final submission.＂（如果他们阅读了草稿就能确保在你上交前得到反馈）与 G项（如果他们没有阅读草稿，看他们理解你的观点）形成并列符合逻辑，故选G。‎ ‎ ‎ 9‎