高考英语试题分类汇编故事类阅读理解Word版含解析 77页

2013 年高考英语试卷分类汇编之故事类阅读理解 （2013 年高考北京卷） B Tail Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all. She doesn’t have a tail. Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it --- but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way---like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side. The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).” Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage. 60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ______. A. physical build B. potential ability C. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings. 61. A man-made tail is created for Grace to ______. A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortable C. adjust her way of swimming D. help her perform better tricks 62. The story of Grace inspires people to ______. A. stick to their dreams B. treat animals friendly C. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是海豚的励志故事。作者通过描述海豚没有尾巴，依然可以游泳的 励志故事。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） She doesn’t have a tail. 故事背景：小海豚没有尾巴。 第二部分 （Para. 2-5） Grace, fish trap, learned, swim, without, tail. Harmful, pressure, backbone，wore, artificial tail 故事情景：小海豚没有尾巴的 原因和结局。 第三部分 （Para.6） gives, people, courage 主旨：看到格瑞丝带着人造尾 游泳给人很大的勇气。 【解析】 60. C。细节理解题。难度：较易。第二段当中的“She was fighting for her life. Is she going to make it (她 在为她的生命战斗。她能成功吗？她能活下来吗?)，与选项C。chance of survival（幸存的机会）相对应， 故答案选 C。 61. C。细节理解题。难度：中等。第四段 The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her.（运动把有害的压力压在格蕾丝的脊椎上。所以一个 公司表示愿意为她创造一个人造的尾巴。）而第五段 The new tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable(新尾巴不是一定要让她感到舒适)，it helps to keep that range of motion and build muscles（它 帮助保持运动范围和肌肉的构建）。说明作用是 adjust her way of swimming（调整游泳方姿势）而不是 help her perform better（帮助更好表演）。 62. D。主旨大意题。难度：较易。最后一句中的 courage 是本题的题眼。作者在最后告诉读者本文写作 目的，即鼓励人们在逆境中要勇敢、要有勇气，故答案为 D。 【难句学习】 1. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all. 翻译：然而，最令人惊讶的事情是她甚至在游泳。 分析：The most amazing thing about her 是主语，that 引导表语从句。 2. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her. 翻译：这尾巴必须强大到足以保持在格瑞丝身上当她游的时候，而且又得足够柔软以至于不会弄疼她。 分析：as 引导时间状语从句。 3. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. 翻译：本月,格瑞丝将明星在海豚的故事,电影,关注她的救援和恢复。 分析：a film 是 Dolphin Tale 的同位语；that 引导定语从句，修饰 a film。 (2013 年高考福建卷) A When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven. What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being "replaced". We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new" stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost. But not my ring. My ring was new. Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away. Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one," she said, smiling. Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me. 56. The underlined word "in" in the first paragraph probably means "_____". A. fashionable B. available C. practical D. renewable 57. When she got the ring back, the writer was about _____. A. 13 years old B. 15 years old C. 26 years old D. 28 years old 58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer's family moved several times. B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring. C. The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner. D. The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off. 59. What would be the best title for the passage? A. My New Ring B. Lost and Found C. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。表述情节：我 13 岁生日时得到一枚署名戒指，然后不久不慎失落，尽 管努力寻找却未得，在搬家之后多年，被买家意外发现，最终我失而复得这枚戒指。 【解析】 56. A. 词义猜测题。难度：难。旧词新意。根据题干，定位第一段句首：When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. 可知：我梦寐 以求一枚署名戒指是因为似乎每个小姑娘都有一枚这样的戒指。in, adj. 在里面的；时髦的。与 A. fashionable 同义。 57. D。细节理解题。难度：偏易。由第一段得知，13 岁生日得到戒指。第三段最后一句话：And two years later, we sold the house and moved away。第五段第三、四句：The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring。可知 15 岁时搬家，13 年后戒指 失而复得，这年应该 28 岁。 58. A。细节判断题。难度：中。由第三段可知：15 岁那年，作者一家搬家了。在第四段段首：Years passed, and a couple of moves later，可知，在这些年中他们又搬过几次家。A正确。 59. B。主旨大意题。难度:中。全文描述了一枚失落 15 年的戒指重新回到主人手中。 干扰项排除: 文章第二段首句：What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being "replaced".可见：这枚戒指不可替代。故排除C. Lost and Replaced。最后一句：“My ring was new.”但时隔多年，第五段最后第二句：They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.对方请专业的珠宝商对这枚戒指进行了处理，说明它已经不新了。故排除 A. My New Ring。文章未曾谈及戒指的价格，故排除D. An Expensive Ring。 D Pride and Prejudice for the Modern Woman Let us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen's most famous work, might be updated, 200 years on. Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion. . . It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism. “My dear husband," said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman?" Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not. "But it is, it is," she replied excitedly. Mr Dull-Husband made no reply. "Don't you want to know her plans?" she cried with some impatience. "Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head... so I'd better listen.” "Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me. She will move in herself next month. "What is her name?" "Bingley.” "Is she married or single?" "What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys. “How so? How can it possibly affect them? " "My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going. " “Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place. " “Nonsense, my love, how little you've noticed the world has changed. She's got a first-rate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call. " “Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job. “ “Oh, that's not likely. These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I'll go along all the same. " And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSE-listed company. ... It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more "female" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures. 67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Austen was born 200 years ago. B. Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice. C. Austen's success lies in her wisdom. D. Austen's updated work gains popularity. 68. The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ____. A. had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about Bingley B. felt kind of worried and doubtful about Bingley C. was extremely anxious to meet Bingley D. had a great curiosity about Bingley 69. In the eyes of Mrs Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ____. A. get married to B. work for her C. help her move in D. take over her store 70. What does the writer intend to tell us? A. Women with brains can also be as successful as men. B. Women have to pay a high price for success. C. A judgment must be made free from prejudice. D. Sex discrimination still exists nowadays. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者虚拟了一个类似于 200 年前简.奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》的故事。 主人翁班内特太太听说一个聪明年轻的女商人要来他们家附近接管一家商店，她对她充满了惊讶羡慕等的 复杂情感，但同时却不忘借此为她的孩子谋一份工作，自己也趁机进了公司，成为其中的一名懂事，但薪 水，奖金都比男性低，说明女性依然在遭受歧视。 段落 关键词 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1-2） popularity; intelligence; a very different life; single woman with brains; deserve equal opportunities 奥斯丁受欢迎是因为聪明；现在会有不同 的生活；有头脑的单身女人会该拥有跟男 人平等的机会。 第二部分（Para. 3—18） local store; taken over; jobs going; surely needs one of our boys; go along all the same 接管当地一家商店；工作机会；需要我们 的一个孩子；我也一起去找份工作。 第三部分 （Para.19—20） managing director; salary lower ; bonus more female; life-span shorter 执行经理；薪水，奖金都比男性低；年限 比男性短。 67. C。细节理解题。难度：较易。 【解题思路】根据第一段中的 Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence 可知答案。句中的 popularity 与题干中的 success 属于“同义转述”。 68. A。句意推断题。难度：中等。 【解题思路】划线句子的意思是“一个女人怎么能懂开公司的事情，我不理解”，从句子本身能够看出班 内特太太对宾利小姐的一种很复杂的感觉：惊讶和羡慕等等。 69. B。细节理解题。难度：较易。 【解题思路】根据题干的关键词定位在第 16 段的 She surely needs one of our boys，答案一目了然。 【干扰项排除】选项 A，C，D的意思分别是：“想让她的一个儿子娶她”，“想帮她搬家”，“想接管她的 商店”，均属无中生有，排除。 70. D。主旨大意题。难度：中等。 【解题思路】文章在最后一段，用 her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more "female" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs.这样的句子点名了主题：在当今社会中，性别歧视依旧存在。 【难句学习】 1. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters 【翻译】 但是现在她肯定会有不同的生活，她的性格也会不同。 【分析】主从复合句。as 引导的是一个比较状语从句。 2. It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism. 【翻译】最终被广泛认可的事实是：由于性别歧视，一个有头脑的单身女人会感觉自己处于很不利的地位， 无论这种感觉多么严重，她都应该跟男人有平等的机会， 【分析】主从复合句。that 引导的是一个同位语从句，这个从句中有一个 however 引导的让步状语从句。 3. Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me 【翻译】亲爱的，人们传言，她已经在北英格兰成功创办了一系列的公司，尽管我不明白一个女人怎么会 动的那些事情。 【分析】主从复合句。that 引导了一个表语从句;though 引导的是一个让步状语从句，在这个让步状语从 句中，主语是 how 引导的主语从句。string of 一系列的; beyond me 这里的意思是“超出了我的理解”。 (2013 年高考广东试卷) C One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. "This boy has lost his family," he wrote. "He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help?” I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically The first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon--in complete silence and without looking at me. It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me? "Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with," I thought. "Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. "It’s your turn," he said. After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life. Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one 一 without any words 一 can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens. 36. When he first met the author, David . A. felt a little excited B. walked energetically C. looked a little nervous D. showed up with his teacher 37. As a psychologist, the author . A. was ready to listen to David B. was skeptical about psychology C. was able to describe David's problem D. was sure of handling David's problem 38．David enjoyed being with the author because he________. A. wanted to ask the author for advice B. need to share sorrow with the author C. liked the children’s drawings in the office D. bear the author many times in the chess game 39．What can be inferred about David? A. He recovered after months of treatment. B. He liked biking before he lost his family. C. He went into university soon after starting to talk. D. He got friends in school before he met the author. 40. What made David change? A. His teacher’s help. B. The author’s friendship. C. His exchange of letters with the author. D. The author’s silent communication with him. 【图式导读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称的口吻讲述了自己作为精神病医生，为一位青年患者进 行治疗的经过。文章于最后一段点出主题：有时候一个人可以不需要用语言也可以深入到另一个人的内心： 一个拥抱、哭泣时依靠的一个肩膀、一个友好的触摸或者仅仅是做一个倾听者。 段落 关键词 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy ， David， has lost his family，very sad and refuses to talk to others，worried about him 交代故事发生的时间和地点：我在 英国做精神病医生时；交代故事的 主人公：一位成年的青年患者。 第二部分 （Para.2） How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically 我对他的治疗以及对精神病例的思 索与看法。 第三部分 （Para. 3-4） The first two times， didn't say a word, I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-- in complete silence and without looking at me, I made sure David won once or twice, arrived earlier, as if he enjoyed 他在前两次治疗期间的反应：不说 话、喜欢跟我下棋、我们经常下棋， 我会让人赢，他来得很早，似乎很 喜欢我的作陪，但从来不看我。 my company, never look at me 第四部分 （Para. 5—7） …I thought…Some months later, he looked up at me suddenly, started talking, got friends in school and joined a bicycle club, wrote to me， Now he had really started to live his own life. 我对他的思索以及他的变化：大概 几个月后他突然看我了，然后他开 始说话了，在学校里也有了朋友， 并且参加了自行车俱乐部，还几次 写信给我，他真正开始了自己的生 活。 第四部分（Para.8） I also learned that one…can reach out to another person, …a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens 点出本文主题：有时候一个人可以 不需要用言语也可以深入到另一个 人的内心：一个拥抱、哭泣时可以 依靠的一个肩膀、一个友好的触摸 或者仅仅是做一个倾听者。 【解析】 36. C. 细节理解题。根据关键词David 定位信息于第一段。根据信息He kept… walking up and down restlessly（不安地），可以判断选项 C为正确答案。nervous 与原文中的 restlessly 为同义词不同词性的 复现。 37. D．推理判断题。从第二段末两句，作者对于精神病的看法可以得知，作者对于精神病例的治疗很有治 疗经验，判断作者对于治疗 David 的病“很有把握”，D项为正确答案。 干扰项排除：A项“愿意倾听 David 的诉说”为最大干扰项。貌似与原文第二段末句 Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（有时候能为患者做的最好的事情是以坦诚和同情心去 倾听）从逻辑上一致，但本句仅为作者对于精神病患者从笼统意义上的看法，该项错在了推理过度。B项 “对于精神病学持怀疑态度”，根据文章首段首句“作者是一个精神病医生“可排除该项。C项“能够描述 David 的病情，与第二段第二句 There are problems…no words can describe 相悖。 38. D. 推理判断题。根据关键词 enjoyed being with the author 定位信息于原文第三段第二句。详读整段 文字，寻找原因（他的表现）。根据首句Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed（他通常都比约定时间早 到），结合末句 It seemed as if he enjoyed my company，可以推断，作者通过 David 通常都早来的表现， 得出 David 很喜欢和自己呆在一起。看选项，D项“因为他在下棋时容忍了作者好多次”符合逻辑。 39. A. 推理判断题。根据第四段末句和第五段：Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. "It’s your turn," he said.知道，几个月后的一天David 开始看我并开始对我说话 了。再根据第六段全段可知：从那天起，他开始说话，并且交了朋友、参加了社团等”，而且从此“开始了 新生活（末句）”。而且根据He wrote to me a few times，得知，这些都是他结束治疗写信告诉我的，判 断：A项“几个月的治疗之后，他痊愈了。”为正确答案。 40. D. 推理判断题。立足全文：作者对David 在治疗过程中的描述中，David 在治疗的前几个月，“didn't say a word”，“in complete silence and without looking at me”以及作者的思索“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering”可知作者对于 David 的治疗主要采取的是无声的陪伴。故D为正确答案：是“作者与他的无声 交流”使 David 改变了。同时 D选项也符合末段第二句交代的文章主旨：But I also learned that one--without any words--can reach out to another person. （有时候一个人可以不需要用言语也可以深入到另一个人的 内心）。 【难句学习】 1．He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. 【翻译】他坐在那里，只是抬头看着我身后的墙上的几幅儿童画。 【分析】本句的主句为 He sat there，only looking…为现在分词作伴随状语。 2．It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. 【翻译】下棋不太容易作弊，但是我承认，我会确保让 David 赢上一两次。 【分析】本句为并列句结构，but 引导表转折意义的并列分句。第一个分句中，it 为形式主语，to cheat in chess 为不定式作真实主语。在第二个分句中，I admit 之后为省略了 that 的宾语从句。 3．Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. 【翻译】通常他都比约定的时间来得早，然后架子上拿出棋盘和棋子，在我有空坐下来之前开始摆棋子。 【分析】本句中，before 引导了一个时间状语从句。主句中，he 为主语，arrived, took, began 为并列谓 语动词。 4． But I also learned that one 一 without any words 一 can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens. 【翻译】但是我同时也明白了：有时候一个人不需要用言语也可以走进到另一个人的内心深处。 【分析】本句的主体结构为 But I also learned…，that 之后为宾语从句，without any words 为插入语。 (2013 年高考湖北卷) A Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…. At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary. Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future. I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves. 51. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______. A. observing her school routine B. expressing her satisfaction C. impressing her classmates D. preserving her history 52. What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary? A. A dull night on the journey. B. The beauty of the great valley. C. A striking quotation from a book. D. Her concerns for future generations. 53. What does the author put in her diary now? A. Notes and beautiful pictures. B. Special thoughts and feelings. C. Detailed accounts of daily activities. D. Descriptions of unforgettable events. 54. The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______. A. to experience it B. to live the present in the future C. to make memories D. to give accurate representations of it 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是写日记，围绕作者对写日记的态度变化展开。以 13 岁那年， 经历了一个难以忘怀的夜晚，被美景所打动，从此改变了对日记，对生活的态度，认为有意义的生活不是 去回忆而是要去经历。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） used to be a usual activity; spend… recording…; gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper; accumulating memories a way of preserving the past 背景：写日记过去是一件习惯 的事儿，通过文字记录过去生 活的点滴，每每看到日记的内 容就有一种满足感。 第二部分 （Para. 2-3） thirteen years old; a long journey; was busy recording; wandered out of; diary in hand; automatically took out; nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds; experience 转折点：以 13 岁那年的一个 旅行，经历了一个难以忘怀的 夜晚，被美景所打动，不由自 主地拿出笔来……以前日记 的那些无聊琐事怎能和亲身 the dramatic beauty of the valley; the dull characterizations I had set down 体验的美相提并论呢？ 第三部分 （Para. 4-5） write down a special thought or feeling; no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember; at least the experiences; remain inside me; don’t live to make memories 感悟：现在只是在有特别感受 的时候写日记，不再盲目地满 足于：要在老的时候回忆过 去。最后点题：我不再为记忆 而活。 【解析】 51. D。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词 before the age of thirteen 和 regarded … as …定位在 第一段最后一句：After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? 故 D. preserving her history 为正确答案。 解题思路：首段的疑问句一定要重点关注，它是题眼，往往正确答案就在此处。 干扰项排除：本题易误选 A. observing her school routine 和 B. expressing her satisfaction，因为在第一 段中均能看到，但是只是细节中一部分，而非主题句。若选，容易犯以偏概全的错误。C. impressing her classmates 文中没有直接提出，首先排除。 52. B。细节理解题。难度：适中。根据题干关键词 a change 和 understanding of keeping a diary 定位 在第三段：At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.所以 B. The beauty of the great valley 正 确。 解题思路：要掌握阅读理解中非解项内容的①文中不容内容的嫁接，如：A dull night on the journey 来自 I went on a long journey, on my last night there, the dull characterizations，本选项干扰性极强。②断章取 义，如：D. Her concerns for future generations.正确答案应该在 At that point, I understood…③因果关系、 逻辑关系的倒置，如 C. striking quotation from a book.就是出现在思想变化之后。 干扰项排除：本题极易误选 A. A dull night on the journey，因为在第二段中出现了On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand，但是出题人设下了一个陷阱：dull，对文中的内容进行了篡改， 故排除。D. Her concerns for future generations.定位在第二段：I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.只是在美景之 前的想法，并不是导致作者思想变化的原因，故排除。选项 C出现在倒数第二段，与本题的题干没有多大 关系，故排除。 53. B。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词 now 和 put in her diary 定位在第四节首句：Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.故选项 B. Special thoughts and feelings.正确。 干扰项排除：考生一定要先抓住关键词所在的句子：Now, I only write in…，有的考生选 D和 A项，因为 他们看到了：I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures…,其实 but 后面才是作者的真正想法，but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.而不是难以忘怀的事件。所以排除 A项和 D项。C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.根据第一段首句可知 writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.已经过去，现在不这样做了， 即使第二段中出现 I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.也是以前，而不 是现在，故排除 C项。 54.A。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词 realize 和 to live a meaningful life 定位最后一段的 but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.点出主题：活在当下 experience 很重要。 解题思路：末段往往照应首段，注意这里的 but 标志词，含有转折关系的词也是题眼所在。 干扰项排除：B. to live the present in the future 可以定位在第四段：I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.很显然作者是对这 种做法的否定，故排除。C. to make memories 可以定位在最后一段的最后一句：I don’t live to make memories 故排除。D. to give accurate representations of it 可以定位在最后一段的第二句：Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places 也许不再有那么多……故排除。 【难句学习】 1. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. 翻译：我感到无比自豪的是卓有成效地度过了我的岁月，来忠实地为后代保存一份关于我旅途中详细的记 录。 分析：本句的主干是 I felt proud to be spending my time …preserving…a detailed description …。 Productively 修饰动词 spending，dutifully 修饰后面动词 preserving，preserve for sb. sth.。英语讲究简 洁流畅，所以作者用了一个比较长的简单句，转变成汉语时，我们要理解主干与前后的逻辑关系。 2. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. 翻译：在月光的照耀下，夜色格外明朗。山谷的墙在他们影子的映衬下看上去凶巴巴的。 分析：本句中，lit by the glare of the moon 省略了 was，threatening 是 looked 表语，后面的 behind their screen of shadows 介词短语，补充说明。 3. At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. 翻译：直到这时，我才懂得这一刻是写什么都不相称不了，代替不了的。这一刻我陶醉于山谷那动人美景 之中。 分析：本句的主干是 I understood that …。that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句又套了两个定语从句，分别是： ①nothing I wrote 是省略了 that 的定语从句。② I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley 也是省略了 that 的定语从句，还原为 I allowed myself the few seconds to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley。 4. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future. 翻译：我意识到了：如果我一直站在照相机的后面，为了能让现在活在将来的世界里，忙着把它保存下来， 那么生活就会从我身边匆匆掠过。 分析：本句的主干是 I realize that …。that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句里套了一个 if 条件状语从句，so as to 在从句中充当目的状语。 5. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. 翻译：关于走过的地方和与遇到的人，也许我没有那么多精确的陈述。也许我会忘记某些事实，但至少经 历总是贮藏在我心中。 分析：本句运用了对仗的修辞手法：两个Maybe …; maybe… 句子的重心在 but 后面。 (2013 年高考湖南卷) B In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom(开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area. Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eightmile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness. From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don't know, poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground. Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. 61．“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph I refers to ________． A．a program directed by Dorothy B．a course given by the author C．an activity held by the students D．an organization sponsored by Union College 62．In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing ________． A．the long track B．the poor houses C．the same train D．the winding road 63．Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by ________． A．a warm welcome B．the sight of poke greens C．Dorothy's latest projects D．a big dinner made for her 64．What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph? A．She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. B．She got a pen as a gift from the author. C．She passed the required assessment. D．She received her Ph.D. degree. 65．What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A．Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. B．Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment C．However poor you are, you have the right to education. D．Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过作者对一块匾引起了回忆。想起了当年在一个穷困的山村里的一个 课程，印象最为深刻的是Dorothy。在叙述过程中写出了作者由之前看到低矮破旧的房子产生的沮丧心情， 到后来受到了学生的热烈欢迎及学生的表现而心理产生了变化。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） It reminds me of…occasional visits to the classroom…in my memory… 睹物思人，看到匾，想到了 Dorothy,进行回忆。 第二部分 （Para.2） ...the same track five times...rather than feeling excited...,I found it depressing. 去山村学校路上带来的一些麻 烦，以及低矮破旧的房子产生了 沮丧之情。 第三部分 （Para.3） I was greeted with...and treated like a queen. ...serving poke greens salad and cornbread... 到校后收到了学生的热烈欢迎。 第四部分 …enthusiasm never cooled down Dorothy 的出色表现，以及我对他 （Para.4） …to celebrate her victory…a treasure symbol of … 的评价. 【解析】 61.B。事实细节题。难度：中等。文章第一段中提到：I was teaching “Early Childhood Development” through a program,可知 Early Childhood Development 是作者教的一门课程。 干扰项排除: A 选项出现了 program，容易误导学生选择，但后面给的是Dorothy,而这是作者的记忆深刻 的人；C选项明显错误；D选项提到了 Union College，但说的是由Union College 赞助的一个组织，而这 是错误信息。 62.B。推理判断题。难度：较易。文章第二段“the small shabby house house gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.”,题干是作者看到了什么而感到非常失望，所以答案选择 B。 干扰项排除:A 选项是 the long track, C 选项的 the same train 及 D选项的 the winding road ,这三个选项 都是作者在去这个学校途中的几件事，作者用了“3 而不是让作者失望的事。 63.A。推理判断题。难度：较易。文章第三段 I was greeted with.smiling faces and treated like a queen 可知作者受到了热烈欢迎。 干扰项排除：B选项 poke greens salad,是 Dorothy 告诉作者他们正在做，作者没有看到。C选项没有提 及。D选项这顿饭并不是为她做的，是学生们 were preparing … for dinner. 64. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。’ ´she come to the assessment and passed in all areas.可知答案选择 C。 干扰项排除：A 选项 Dorothy 邀请作者去“steak house”来庆祝她的成功,而选项给的是 restaurant,故错误。 Ｂ选项文中提到的是 Dorothy 给作者一支钢笔，而不是Dorothy 得到了一支钢笔。D选项说 Dorothy 获 得博士学位，而文中的信息是用了虚拟语气，“as if she had received her Ph. D. degree.” 65.D。推理判断题。难度：中等。文章开篇明义，开头部分：in my living room, there is a plaque that advises me to “bloom where you are planted”,指出，无论在哪都能实现自己的成就。因此，答案选择D。 【难句学习】 1. It reminds me of Dorothy. 翻译：这让我想起 Dorothy。 分析：remind sb of sth.让某人想起某物。还可以用: remind sb to do; remind sb that…… 2. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area. 翻译：在我的记忆里，Dorothy 作为一位在她自己偏远地区“开着花的”人而印象尤为脱出。 分析：stand out ,动词短语，突出，杰出。Who 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词 one。bloom 在此处用了比 喻的说法，bloom in her remote area,是指哪怕在偏远地方也照样开着花，也就是在哪都会获得成就。 3．Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. 翻译：我没有感到驱车过大山时的兴奋，相反，我感到很沮丧。 分析： rather than… “没有、而不是” 。I found it depressing，本句用了动宾补结构, it 这里指前文的 drive through the mountains, depressing，这里是令人沮丧的。 4. She invited me to the one –and- only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. 翻译：她邀请我去本地区唯一一家牛排店来庆祝她的胜利，好像是她拿到了博士学位似的。 分析：as if 此处引导了虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用了过去完成时。 (2013 年高考江西卷) A The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp. “So,” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name?” “Are you sure you want to hear it? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack. “Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!” “Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale. “Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different ---- it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice. “‘You are clearing too much land,’ warned one old man. ‘ The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. ’ “‘Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’” “Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.” “What happened?” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire. “The land hit back -- just as the old man warned,” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.” “What a stupid story,” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t …” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke. 56. The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________. A. courage B. assistance C. instruction D. challenge 57. Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story? A. To frighten them. B. To satisfy their curiosity. C. To warn them of the danger of the place. D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp. 58. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man? A. The old man envied him. B. The old man was foolish C. He was too busy to listen to others. D. He was greedy for more crops. 59. Why did Tom scream and faint? A. He saw Dennis’s shadow B. He was scared by a plant C. His friends played a joke on him. D. The weather became extremely cold. 60. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. No sweat, no sweet. C. It is no use crying over spilt milk. D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是人物故事类。本文通过三个朋友在沼泽地野营时 Tom讲述的故 事，告知我们贪多必失的道理。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1-5） the campfire；the darkness；damp cold； a strange place; How did this place get its name; 故事背景：在沼泽地野营时的 环境描述，三个朋友对沼泽地 得名的好奇、从而引出故事的 讲述。 第二部分 （Para.6-11） Dennis tried to start a farm; grow more crops; chop down trees, so eager to expand his farm; did not notice salt seeping; dragged；never found 故事讲述：Dennis 为了种植 庄稼,不顾一切地开垦了大片 荒地，Dennis 为自己的成功 感到自豪时，被沼泽地的植物 拽入水中，从而销声匿迹，落 了个一无所得，死无全尸。 第三部分 （Para.12） What a stupid story; screamed and fainted; appreciate the joke; 结尾： 在谈论故事时，Tom 被沼泽常春藤吓到了。 【解析】 56. D。猜测词义题。难度：中等。根据第一段中的 The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place.可知来自于篝火的光照亮了黑暗却不能阻止深入骨髓的 Dennis 沼泽地的湿气可见这是一个 奇怪的地方。三人来此野营是 Jack 的一个挑战。A. courage 勇气、胆量；B. assistance 帮助、协助； C. instruction 指示、说明；D. challenge 挑战 解题思路：从本段中的环境描述和三人对野营的喜爱可以得知接受 jack 的应该是一个挑战。 干扰项排除：考生易选 A项，考生易于从此的本意入手，不能结合语境判断词汇的含义。 57. B。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据段落中的几个朋友的不断发问和词汇“cried out Tom”的使用，可知 孩子们对于 Dennis 沼泽地的得名充满好奇。 干扰项排除：考生要结合上下文找准题目的切入点。本题从题干分析可知，要求找出故事讲述的背景。D 项明显与题目相悖，选项是说服他们去沼泽地野营应该是在野营前的事而故事的讲述是在野营时的讲述， 明显有时间差；A、C两项，偏离了故事讲述得背景。故事的讲述是对Dennis 沼泽地得名的阐明。有的同 学在选题中不能很好的理解题意和题干、不结合语境。 58.D。细节题。难度：较易。根据题干定位到到 7、8 段。从“‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier.”如果我能清理更多的地，我就能种更多的庄稼我能变得更富有。可知 Dennis 对种植 更多庄稼的贪婪和渴望。这也就是他忽略老人的警告的原因。 59. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词 scream and faint 定位倒数第一段。文中 “Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face.”有一些绿色的常春藤盖在 Tom 脸的上。可知 Tom答案。 60. A。推理判断题。难度：较难。从文中的故事讲述可知，Dennis 不顾一切地垦荒和对种植更多庄稼的 贪婪之心，局却是被水中植物拽入水中，一无所得，死不见尸。 解题思路：故事的结尾一般是作者的感想或得出的启示教训，。 干扰项排除：A贪多必失；B不劳无获；C覆水难收；D向不犯错误就一事无成。 （2013 年高考山东卷） A Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job. One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 a.m. and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed. Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” He thought to himself. Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company. “Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job. 56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job? A. He was out of work. B. He was bored with his job. C. He wanted a higher position. D. he hoped to find a better boss. 57. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview? A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre. B. A wild man was pushing a car. C. A terrible car accident happened. D. An old man’s car broke down. 58. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride? A. He was also to be interviewed. B. He needed a traveling companion. C. He always helped people in need. D. He was thankful to Jimmy . 59. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question? A. He was sorry for the other applicants. B. There was no hope for him to get the job. C. He regretted helping the old man. D. The interviewer was very rude. 60. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience? A. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. Good is rewarded with good. D. Two heads are better than one. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了已失业数月的汽车技工 Jimmy，在一次去面试的途中帮 助一位老者修好了汽车，在面试时意外发现老者竟是该公司的总经理。Jimmy 的热心肠得到总经理的赏识， 因此使他顺利地得到了一份工作。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） an automotive mechanic, lost his job ； a good heart；feared applying for a Jimmy 已失业数月的汽车技 工，心肠好，对申请新工作有 畏惧感。 new job. 第二部分 （Para. 2） immediately went up to lend him a hand. there was no need to pay him; helped someone in need 去面试途中，Jimmy 无偿帮助 老者修车。 第三部分 （part 3-5） Jimmy’s heart sank, the General Manager of the company. I was pretty sure I made the right decision, be a trustworthy worker, landed himself a new job. 吉米认为自己无法通过面试 时，发现原来那个老人是公司 的总经理.。总经理早已做出决 定要雇佣 Jimmy。 Jimmy 因此为自己谋得一份新 的工作。 【解析】 56．A。细节理解题。难度：易。由第一段首句可知;“Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago.” 与选项 A中“out of work”同义，故选 A。 解题思路：记叙文首段首句往往会介绍时间、地点和人物。本文中首句含有 but 引导的转折关系并列句， 这就是命题人设置的题眼。 57. D。细节理解题。难度：易。根据题干“on the way to the interview”，定位信息在第二段第三句：“he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car.”可 知，老人的车出问题了， 与选项D同义，故选D。 58. C. 细节判断题。细节难度：中等。根据题干“offer Jimmy a ride”，定位该题信息在第二段倒数最后三 句：“Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy 无偿帮助需要帮助的人，他要赶着去参加一个面试。老人说：我可以搭 载你去面试的办公室。这是我最起码做的事。老人用实际行动表达对 Jimmy 的感谢。 59. B. 推理判断题。根据题干“the interviewer’s question”，定位到第三段，由大意可知：因为帮人修车 Jimmy 的衣服上沾了油脂，穿这样的衣服去面试难免不适合。尤其是在第三段最后三句; Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” 可知: Jimmy 听到面试考官的 话，更加不自信，认为这次的工作又无望了。符合选项 B内容，故选 B。 60. C.细节理解题。难度：中等。通读全文，可知 Jimmy 无偿帮助他人的精神倍受身为总经理的老者喜欢， 这一品德使 Jimmy 顺利得到工作。A. 有志者事竟成。B. 患难见真情。C. 善有善报。D.三个臭皮匠顶个 诸葛亮。有中文含义判断，选 C。 【难句学习】 1. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. 翻译：他要去那个办公室接受面试，在等车前往时，他看见一个上了年纪的男人粗暴地狂踢他自己的汽车 的轮胎。 分析：本句主干为 he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. while 引导了一个非谓语动词， 作时间状语。where he was supposed to be interviewed 为定语从句，修饰 the office。 2．…, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. 翻译：在你还没踏进这间办公室之前我就决定要雇佣你，我确信我的这个决定是正确的。 分析：句型 be sure that…意为：确信…。 before 引导一个时间状语从句。 （2013 年陕西卷） B In 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车). I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured （使…放心）me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water. After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.” I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon. 50. The author had to hitch a ride one day in 1978 because ______. A. her work delayed her trip to Sydney B. she was going home for her holidays C. the town was far away from Sydney D. she missed the only train back home 51. Which of the following did Gordon do according to Paragraph 2? A. He helped the girl find a ride. B. He gave the girl a ride back home. C. He bought sandwiches for the girl. D. He watched the girl for three hours. 52. The reason why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was that ______. A. she realized he was Gordon B. she had known him for decades C. she was going to the nearby town D. she wanted to repay the favour she once got 53. What does the author want to tell the readers through the story? A. Giving sometimes produces nice results. B. Those who give rides will be rapid. C. Good manners bring about happiness. D. People should offer free rides to others. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是社会生活。作者讲述了 25 年前自己错过了唯一的一趟回家的火 车，她想搭便车回家但没有人为她停车。最后一位名叫Gordon 的人把自己请到家中吃了午饭并帮助自己 找到了回家的便车。25 年后的一天搭自己便车的老人竟然是那位名叫Gordon 的人。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） 1978；a small town；a nurse；five days off； the only one train； left；hitch a ride 1978 年我在悉尼的一个小城镇当护 士，我盼望得到 5天的假期，结果， 我错过了唯一的一趟火车。 第二部分 （Para. 2） No one stopped for me; Gordon; to his house for lunch; offered to help me find a lift； 没有人为我停车，一位名叫 Gordon 的 人请我到家中吃午饭并主动帮助我找 到了便车。 第三部分 （Para. 3） Twenty-five years later; an elderly man; trying to hitch a ride; pulled over and picked him up 25 年后，我看到一位老人想搭便车， 我靠边停车，让他上车。 第四部分 （Para. 4） A few moments of small talk；haven’t changed a bit； 和那位老人简短谈了一会儿，他说我一 点也没变。 第五部分 （Para. 5） He was the man who had given me lunch and help me find a lift；Gordon 最后，他告诉我他就是让我吃午饭并帮 我找便车的Gordon。 【解析】 50. D。细节理解题。难度：易。根据文章第一段中的 the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride（唯一的一趟回家的火车已经离开，所以我想搭便车回家。） 可知 D正确。 51. A。细节理解题。难度：易。根据文章第二段中 he also offered to help me find a lift home（他还主动 帮助我找到回家的便车）可知 C正确。 52. D。细节理解题。难度：易。根据文章第三段中的 I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favor I’d been given decades earlier 可知，我认为这是回报几十年前给我帮助的人的又一次机会。故 C正确。 53. A。作者的写作意图题。难度：中等。综合分析全文内容，25 年前我得到Gordon 的帮助，25 年后 Gordon 又偶然地得到我的帮助。所以作者想通过这个故事，告诉我们：给予有时会产生好的结果。故选 A 项。 D About 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey, I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office. In the teacher’s office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability?” Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? NO, no, it can’t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions. My son could not follow the teacher’s directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didn’t he know my son did not speak English yet? He was angry; “Why hasn’t your son been taught to speak English? Don’t you speak English at home?” No, I didn’t speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didn't want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society?” Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.” Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left. As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a well-adjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)。 Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other places—something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey. 57. The teacher asked the author to his office__________. A. to discuss Scola’s in-class performance B. to get Scola enrolled in kindergarten C. to find a language partner for Scola D. to work out a study plan for Scola 58. What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Breaking B. Following C. Attending D. Disturbing 59. The author’s attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as__________. A. critical B. casual C. positive D. passive 60. This text is likely to be selected from a book of _________. A. medicine B. education C. geography D. history 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是学校教育。作者通过讲述我与儿子的老师在办公室的谈话的故事， 证明我让儿子保留母语的想法是正确的。最后，儿子得益于他的双语技能找到了高薪的工作。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） About 30 years ago; settled finally in Brunswick; in kindergarten; at his office 故事开端（时间、地点、人物） 故事背景：30 年前，我在美国定 居，儿子上了幼儿园。一天，老 师要我去办公室见他。 第二部分 （Para. 2-7） mentally retarded (弱智的）; mental disability; a quiet, sweet little boy; disrupting; native language； 叙述故事的过程:我来到老师的办 公室，老师问了一系列问题，认 为儿子可能有智障。我认为儿子 是恬静的小男孩。儿子不会讲英 语，在课堂上捣乱。是因为我不 想让他忘记母语。 第三部分 （Para. 8-9） benefited from being bilingual; more than one language; communicate with others; different person; teaches people about other cultures and other places 从故事得到的启示: 结果证明我 的想法是正确的。儿子学会了英 语并从大学毕业，找到了高薪的 工作。这都得益于他的双语技能。 多会一门外语能更好地与人交 流。 【解析】 57. A。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据文章第二段中的My son could not follow the teacher’s directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class 可知：儿子不听老师的话，还扰乱课堂。这些都是儿子 在课上的表现。故选 A。 干扰项排除：B项说作者给儿子注册上幼儿园，这不是在老师办公室谈的；C项、D项文章内容没有提到。 58.D。猜测词义题。难度：中等。根据文章第四段中的My son could not follow the teacher’s directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class 可知，and 前后并列关系，内容相近。所以，根据前文 的“他不听老师的指导”可以推知 disrupt 意为：扰乱。故D正确。 59. C。考查作者态度题。难度：中等。根据文章最后一段的 Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other places 可以推知作 者认为：不止讲一种语言让人们和（更多的）人进行交流，这教会人们了解其他的地方和文化，这是一些 最基本的东西。儿子就得益于双语技能。由此可知作者持积极的态度。故C正确。A批判的；B漫不经心 的；D消极的。它们都不合文意。 60. B。推理判断题。难度：易。根据文章的语篇解读可知，文章通篇讲述的是有关教育的话题。所以，本 文应该是从有关教育的书中节选的。故 B正确。 【难句学习】 1. Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society? 翻译：你是那些来这个国家攒钱并把它们寄回本国，从来不想成为这个社会的一员的人之一吗？ 分析：句中 who 引导定语从句，never wanting to be a part of this society 是现在分词短语作状语。 2. Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other places----something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey. 翻译：不止讲一种语言让人们和（更多的）人进行交流，这教会人们了解其他的地方和文化，这是一些最 基本的东西。可是，很显然，我在新泽西遇到的那个老师就缺乏这种意识。 分析：句中 Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others 作原因状语， something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey 是同位语，I met in New Jersey 是定语从句。 （2013 年高考四川卷） B On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea. Two 2-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they’d rowed beyond the calm waters, a bleach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control. Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves. “Everything went quiet in my head,” Tim recalls(回忆). “I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.” Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. “At one point, I considered turning back,” he says. “I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.” After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close to yell to the boys, “Take down the umbrella!” Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, but the waves were almost too strong for him. “Let’s aim for the pier(码头),” Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. “Can you guys swim?” he cried. “A little bit,” the boys said. Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys’ faces. “Are we almost there?” they asked again and again. “Yes,” Tim told them each time. After 30 minutes, they reached the pier. 35. Why did the two boys go to the sea? A. To go boat rowing. B. To get back their football. C. To swim in the open water. D. To test the umbrella as a sail. 36. What does “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The beach B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind 37. Why did Tim raise his head regularly? A. To take in enough fresh air. B. To consider turning back or not. C. To check his distance from the boys. D. To ask the boys to take down the umbrella. 38. How did the two boys finally reach the pier? A. They were dragged to the pier by Tim. B. They swam to the pier all by themselves. C. They were washed to the pier by the waves. D. They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是人物故事。作者描述了两个孩子划船出海捡球遇险，Tim 勇敢地 游泳去营救的故事。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） heard...shouting; being pulled out to sea; 故事的发生：听到有人求救；注 意到孩子被拖入大海 第二部分 （Para. 2-3） rowed beyond the calm water; caught the wind...into open water; panicked; out of control; be swallowed; 故事的起因：孩子们划过了平静 的水面，风把他们带到开阔水域， 孩子们惊慌，船失控，不久会被 吞没。 第三部分 （Para. 4-10） swim to; take down the umbrella; catch up and climb aboard; took over rowing; crashed; sink; swam toward 故事的发展及结局：Tim 游泳去 营救，赶上并往回划，但海浪击 毁船只，下沉，因此，他拖着孩 land; pull; reached the pier 子们游回码头。 【解析】 35. B。细节理解题。难度：较易。题干关键词为 two boys go to the sea，定位第二段第一句。根据“to search a football”，可知 B项正确。 36. D。词汇猜测题。难度：较难。no match for“无法对抗；不敌”，定位原文中的 it，阅读其上文可知，绑 在船上的伞利用了风力将船带入开阔的水域，孩子们慌了，尽力往岸边划，但却抵不过它，船失控了。因 此，it 指的是“the wind”，因此，选D。 37. C。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据关键词“raise his head”定位原文在第五段第二句 “... raise his head to judge his progress”，可知，Tim 抬头是为了判断自己的进程。C项是对原文的同义转述，因此，选 C。 38. A。细节理解题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词“how...reach the pier”定位原文第八段“Tim decided... to pull the boys toward the pier”，可知，Tim 将两个孩子拖回了码头，A项中的“drag”与原文“pull”同义，因 此，选 A。 （2013 年高考天津卷） C Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours (绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words. For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents' home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything. Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when 1 had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired. But then Banner, our lamb was bent. He was reeled by h, mama days before our planned trip to Boise, I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me. That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They'd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air. We explored side roads, catching grasshopper in waist-high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car window, at baby p.gs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons(见识). We eventually arrived at my parents' doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories. I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet mc up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence. Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey-and the best part of yourself. 46. Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents' home? A. It was less tiring. B. It would be fester and safer. C. Her kids would feel less confined. D. She felt better with other drivers nearby. 47. The author stopped regularly on the country roads to ______. A. relax in the fresh air B. take a deep breath C. take care of the lamb D. let the kids play with Banner 48. What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6? A. Freeways are where beauty hides. B. Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life. C. Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one's health. D. One should follow side roads to watch wild animals. 49. Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home? A. To give herself some time to read. B. To order some food for them C. To play a game with them D. To let them cool down. 50. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Charm of the Detour B. The Road to Bravery C. Creativity out of Necessity D. Road Trip and Country Life 【语篇解读】本文我一篇记叙文。记叙了作者为了方便照顾年幼的孩子驱车去父母家时而不得不改变多年 行驶路线的经历，以及由此而产生的感悟。 段落 关键词 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） Poet William Stafford; the detours; by accident; discovered the deep meaning of his words 由诗人William Stafford 的话引出故 事：绕行路；偶然；发现诗人的话的 深层意义 第二部分 （Para. 2-3） For years; the fastest, shortest, easiest road; drive fast; arrive tired 多年来一直未变的行车路线：多年 来；最快最短由最容易的道路；开得 很快；到时很累 第三部分 （Para. 4-8） made the decision for me; took the country roads out of necessity; stop every hour; breathless and energized; looked out of the car window; better than the best ride down the freeway; in sweet silence 行车路线的改变：替我做决定；出于 需要走乡间公路；每个小时停一下； 气喘吁吁且活跃；从车向外看；比高 速路更好；静谧 第四部分 （Para. 9） Opened our eyes; uncover the best part of a journey 作者的感悟： 开阔了视野；揭开旅途中最美好的一 部分 【解析】 46.B。细节推理题。难度：较易。题干关键词为 take freeways to her parents’ home 定位于第二段。根据 We travelled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road（我们行驶在大多数人走的最快、 最短、最便捷的公路上），可知作者选择这条路是因为它的快速与安全。 47.C。细节理解题。难度：较易。找到本题的关键词 regularly（有规律地），文中提到表达有规律的语句 在第五段。根据We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him（我们不得不每 个小时就停下来，让 Banner 伸伸腿并喂喂他），可知停下来是为了照顾这个可爱的小人 Banner. 48.B。推理判读题。难度：中等。找到题眼 Para.6.在 Para.6.中，作者带着孩子们一路欣赏乡间美景：看 到了齐腰深的草、车窗外紧随妈妈身后的猪宝宝、从水中跳出的鱼等。Here was life（这就是生活）。作 者通过亲近大自然感到了生活的乐趣。 49.D。细节判断题。难度：较易。找到题干中的关键词组 ask the kids to get out of the car，定位在 para.8. 根据 On an empty section of road, everyone started quarrelling, stopped the car, ordered all kids out（在 一个空旷的区域，孩子们开始争吵，我于是停下车，让他们都下车），可以看出，“孩子们吵架”是停车的 原因。因此选项 D。（让他们冷静下来）为正确答案。 【干扰项排除】最具潜力干扰项是选项 A（为了给自己看书的时间），根据关键词我们知道这不是作者停 车的原因与目的，只是让孩子们下车之后，带来的一个结果。选项 B（给他们预定食物）与选项 C（和他 们一起游戏）均未在文中提及。 50.A。主旨判断题。难度：较难。本文通过叙述从这些年来为了贪图便捷快速走高速路，到因为照顾年幼 的孩子而不得选择乡间公路的过程中，欣赏了大自然的美景，发现了绕行路的魅力。 【解题思路】主旨判断题的方法是找高频词。本文在第一段通过诗人的话就引出 detour，文中多次都提及， 在文章的最后一段的末句还是提及到了它。因此，高频词出现的选项就是正确选项。 【难句学习】 1. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words 翻译：很偶然我发现了他的这些话的深层含义。 分析：这是强调句型结构：it is/was……that/who……当被强调部分不是表“人”的词或短语时，只能用 that。 句子的主干是 I discovered the deep meaning of his words。 2. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey---and the best part of yourself. 翻译：但是和 Banner 一起的旅途开阔了我们对于这个对任何人来说四处瞎逛都很危险的世界的视角，让 我意识到绕行路可能会揭开旅途中最美好的那部分，即你自己最美好的那部分。 分析：句子的主干是 that trip 做主语；opened 和 made 一起做并列谓语。其中 adventurous enough to wander around 形容词短语做 world 的后置定语； that 引导的从句做动词 realize 的宾语从句。 （2013 年高考全国课标 II 卷） A Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather. I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions. I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落 架) down. He was a better pilot - and my boss - so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, "We need to put the landing gear down now!" That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since. CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”. 36. What does the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwilling to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM. 37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when_______. A. he saved the plane by speaking up B. he was in charge of a flying task C. his boss landed the plane too late D. his boss operated on a patient 38. In the last paragraph” landing gear up” probably means ______. A. following flying requirements. B. overreacting to different opinions. C. listening to what fellow doctors say D. making a mistake that may cost lives 39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor C. The Making of a Good Pilot D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是故事。作者讲述了自己把当飞行员时学会的机组资源管理理念运 用到后来自己从医的手术室中。飞行经历使自己成为一名更出色的医生。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） pilots；a better surgeon；CRM；a new idea to make flying safer； listen and speak up 总说：当飞行员时学会的机组 资源管理思想使我成为一名更 出色的外科医生。 第二部分 （Para. 2） flying in bad weather ；speak up; my first real lesson; the power of CRM ; used it in the operating room 在我和一位主治医师的一次飞 行中，我在危机时刻大声说出 了“按下起降架”。这是我运用 CRM的第一堂课。后来我把它 运用到手术室。 第三部分 encourage others to speak up; doesn't 机组资源管理要求医生或飞行 （Para. 3） overreact; prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again; in the operating room; continue to encourage them 员鼓励别人大声说话。同时对 不同意见不要采取过激的行 动，不然别人就不再说出自己 的意见了。我在手术室不断地 管理别人大声讲话。 【解析】 36. B。细节理解题。难度：中等。根据文章第一段中 Doctor are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all.（众所周知，医生是糟糕的飞行员。他们听不进建议因为他们已经全都 知道了。）可知他们听不进别人的意见。这和选项 B一致。其他选项文章内容没有提到过。 37. A。细节理解题。难度：中等。根据文章第二段中的 But I had to（speak up）: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, "We need to put the landing gear down now!" That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM（我们的生命处于危险之中，危机时刻我大声地说：“我们必须按下起降架” 这 是我运用 CRM的第一堂课。）可知 A正确。 38. D。猜测短语含义题。难度：较难。根据文章第三段中的 So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from ”landing gear up”.可以推知：当我在手术室时， 我向别人征求意见和寻求帮助。有时他们不愿大声说话。但我希望如果我不断地鼓励他们，有朝一日，有 人就能阻止我犯以生命为代价的错误（landing gear down 挽救了飞机和我们的命；landing gear up 如果 不按下起降架就会飞机失事牺牲生命）。故选 D。 39. B。推测文章的标题。难度：中等。根据文章的整体内容上看，作者采用倒叙的方法。第一段叙述故事 的结果，从而引出下文的故事。而第一段中的 becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon 是文章的中心 句，这句涵盖了整个文章内容，而选项 B和中心句一致。所以 B正确。 【难句学习】 1. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. 翻译：机组资源管理理念进一步要求，当（听到）对方不同的意见的时候，医生不有过激的反应。这可能 阻止同行医生再次提出意见。 分析：句中 that 后面是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含一个 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which 代 替前面整个句子的内容。 2. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from ”landing gear up”. 翻译：但我希望如果我不断地鼓励他们，有朝一日，有人就能阻止我犯以生命为代价的错误。 分析：句中 that 引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有一个 if 引导的条件状语从句。 （2013 年高考全国课标 I 卷） A Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meeting in New York，So I had to get back . But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged--okay, ordered-them to wait it out at the airport, to "earn" more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh? Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks . I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts. 56. Why did Delta give the author's family credits? A. They took a later flight. B. They had early bookings. C. Their flight had been delayed. D. Their flight had been cancelled. 57. What can we learn about the author? A. She rarely misses a good deal. B. She seldom makes a compromise. C. She is very strict with her children D. She is interested in cheap products. 58. What does the author do? A. She's a teacher. B. She's a housewife. C. She's a media person. D. She's a businesswoman. 59. What does the author want to tell us? A. How to expose bad tricks. B. How to reserve airline seats. C. How to spend money wisely, D. How to make a business deal. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一家人乘飞机返家过程中由于机票超额预定，从而可以推迟回 家而得到航空公司的赔偿一事，引出在日常生活中如何利用一些机会合理的花钱，体现了一个女人在持家 方面的睿智。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1-2） …do anything to save money… …order them to wait to “earn” more … 开篇明义：人们在设法省钱， 我是其中之一。 第二部分 （Para. 3-4） ...a big-time bargain hunter ...looking for the best deal... 展开陈述多年来“我”一直精打 细算。 第三部分 （Para. 5） …no shame… …tightfisted when….but …wouldn’t hesitate to spend on … 说出在 “我”的消费观：在有 些方面我很吝啬，但在另一些 需要品味及品质方面我却舍 得发钱。 【解析】 56. A。细节理解题。难度：中等。题干关键词为：Delta …give…credits, 定位第一段。Dalta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.可知，他们是因为放弃 了本航班的机票从而得到航空公司的赔偿。 57. A。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据文中的句子（第三段）：as a big-time bargain hunter…a good deal is something that few of us can afford to pass up 可以推出作者很少错过便宜货。 58. C。事实细节题。难度：较易。文章第四段 I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s today show for over a decade.可知，作者是个媒体记者。 59. C。主旨大意题。难度：中等。纵观全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段。第一段段首句给出：作者是省钱 一族。最后一段对不同的产品的不同决策，指出对于质量高的产品也会毫不犹豫买。说明了作者花钱的明 智。 【难句学习】 1. Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. 翻译：有些人只要为了省钱会做任何事情，而我就是其中之一。 分析：本句用了两个句子并列，陈述了：我是极力省钱一族，总领全文，所以看清此句，对下文理解非常 重要。 2. And these days, a good deal is something that few of us can offord to pass up 翻译：目前，便宜货是我们大家很少能拒绝得了得东西。 分析：that 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词 something. 3. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. 翻译：我告诉你这个是因为让你的钱花的值得，这没什么可耻的。 分析：worth,此处是名词“价值”；它还可以作形容词使用“值得…的；有…价值的”；there is no shame in doing something，意为：做。。。并不可耻。 （2013 年高考浙江卷） D In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I look what I could get — a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen -- teaching English. School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My students have a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City, who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time. But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking lime off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class -- seventeen boys and five girls who were only six yean younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and lo promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room. In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave ray students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable. By the time ray boss, who was also ray taskmaster known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise. My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office, took a deep breath, and opened the door. He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine. When he spoke, he said simply, without accusation, “You had nothing to say to them.” “You had nothing to say to them," he repeated. “No wonder they’re bored. Why not get to the meal of the literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad behavior?” We talked. He named ray problems and offered solutions. We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher. As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and my strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson's words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil.” Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the help I received that difficult first year, the school is my home now. 55. It can be inferred from the story that in 1974 ______. A. the writer became an optimistic person B. the writer was very happy about her new job C. it was rather difficult to get a job in the USA D. it was easy to get a teaching job in New Jersey 56. According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher? A. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college. B. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice. C. She took too much time off to eat and sleep. D. She didn’t like teaching English literature. 57. What is the writer’s biggest worry after her taskmaster's observation of her class? A. She might lose her teaching job. B. She might lose her students’ respect. C. She couldn’t teach the same class any more. D. She couldn’t ignore her students’ bad behavior any more. 58. Which of the following gives the writer a sense of mild victory? A. Her talk about symbolism sounded convincing. B. Her students behaved a little better than usual. C. She managed to finish the class without crying. D. She was invited for a talk by her boss after class. 59. The students behaved badly in the writer's classes because ______. A. they were eager to embarrass her B. she didn't really understand them C. they didn't regard her as a good teacher D. she didn’t have a good command of English 60. The taskmaster’s attitude towards the writer after his observation of her class can be best described as ______. A. cruel but encouraging B. fierce but forgiving C. sincere and supportive D. angry and aggressive D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是作者从教第一年的经历。文章描述的是作者工作第一年到偏 远山区的一所学校执教的经历，当作者个人的执教理念和现实脱节时得到了上司的指点，对自己以后文学 的教学起到了很大的影响。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 In 1974；a teaching job；distant wild 故事缘由：通过层层选拔，我 （Para. 1-2） aera；optimism; teaching English; in a foreign country; were also frequently absent 得到了一份偏远地区的教学 工作，具体的教学状况令我有 些迷茫。 第二部分 （Para. 3-5） had a problem; idealistic teacher; make literature come alive; ignore bad behavior; positive attention; my boss; pretended; unemployment 问题的暴露：我以大学的经验 实施我的理想教学，忽视孩子 们的不良举动，被老板发现炒 鱿鱼。 第三部分 （Para. 6-9） Face him；finish out；looked at me long and hard；without accusation；no wonder；why not；bad behavior 与老板的对话：我教学中的弊 端在与老板的对话中得以发 现，使我恍然大悟。 第三部分 （Para. 10-11） The year progressed；spent many hours；helped me identify； in short； fifteen years later；thanks to 对我教学的影响：市场的介入 给我们的生活带来的巨大变 化。 【解析】 55A。推理判断题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 in 1974，定位第一段。根据第一段第一句的描述可知，作 者是经过投了 50 份简历，经历了四次面试才得到这份工作的，由此可知当时的美国就业是相当困难的。 56. C。细节理解题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 the writer’s problem as a new teacher，定位于第三第四 段。第三段后半部分说我有个问题很久没意识到，我的教学理念和教学实际脱节，第四段又说大学里受到 的教育对我影响很大，可知对大学知识的盲目自信正是她的问题所在，A项正确。 B项的内容在文中没有 涉及，没有提到其他老师的存在，可排除；C项描述与第三段第一句 I worked hard，taking time off only to eat and sleep 相矛盾；D项说作者不喜欢文学教学也与文中说作者对工作的执着和热心相背。 四、A。细节理解题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 biggest worry，定位于第五段和第六段。第五段最后两 句说负责人只听了 20 分钟就悄悄地离开了，我似乎看到了自己被解雇的情形以及下一段第二句话我不知 道他是否让我上完那天的课，由此可知作者怕丢掉来之不易的工作。 五、C。细节理解题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 a sense of wild victory，定位于第六段。第一句 I felt wildly victorious that I got through the rest of the class without crying, 可知作者能坚持平静地上完剩下的课程就 已经是使她感到不容易的事情了。所以答案为 C。 六、B。推理判断题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 the students behaved badly，定位于全篇文章。尤其从 第四段中的描述可知，作者就是按照教科书中传授的理论教育学生，但效果甚微，而且教科书忽略了一个 事实就是人尤其是青少年很少是理智的，可知学生在她的课堂上表现不佳的原因就是她并不真正了解学 生。 七、C。推理判断题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 the taskmaster’s attitude towards the writer，定位于第 八第九段，他没有指责我，而是向我提出了许多建议并交换角色实地体验（他当坏学生我当老师）等内容 都体现出负责人的态度是真诚的和支持的。 【难句学习】 1. In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get--a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. 翻译：1974 年，在我填写了 50 份申请表格，参加了四次工作面试，得到了一份邀请函之后，我终于获得 了一份工作——一份在新泽西州西部的一个遥远的萧山区的教学工作。 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。其主干是 I took what I could get。In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, 都是属于介词短语做时间状语的用法，主句中包含 一个 what 引导的宾语从句做动词 took 的宾语；a teaching job 是 what i could get 的同位语，后面还有一 个介词短语 at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey.作定语修饰 a teaching job。 2. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seemed reasonable. 翻译：这听起来是合理的，但是教科书明显地忽略了一个事实：人类，尤其是青少年很少显得那么理智。 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。But 前面是一个简单句，后面句中含有一个名词性从句，即 that 引导的同 位语从句，其中 particularly teenagers 又是同位语从句中主语 humans 的同位语。 3. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself,pretending that everything was fine. 翻译：我所能想到的全部就是我不是一个英语老师；我一直在对自己撒谎，假装事情一切都正常。 分析：本句是由分号连接的两个主从复合句。第一个句子主语是 all，后面包含了一个 that 引导的定语从 句 I could think of，先行词为 all 时关系词只能选择 that，又因为 that 在从句中做介词 of 的宾语，所以可 以省略，而 was 后面还有一个 that 引导的名词性从句即表语从句；后面的句子中只有一个 that 引导的宾 语从句，做动词 pretend 的宾语。 （2013 年高考重庆卷） A The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching. And I’d been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt: “The trouble with you is that you won’t put yourself in my place. Can’t you see things from my point of view?” I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth. I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky. “If you come by right now,” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.” I took my puree and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasn't he as busy as the others? In the dentist's office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but the bare walls and I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one. When I told her my fears, she laughed and said, "Don't worry. The dentist is very good. " "How long do I have to wait for him?" I asked impatiently. "Come on, he is coming. Just lie down and relax. And enjoy the artwork," the assistant said. "The artwork?" I was puzzled. The chair went back. Suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend meant by her words. What a relief! 56. Which of the following best describes the author’s feeling that morning? A. Cheerful. B. Nervous. C. Satisfied. D. Upset. 57. What made the author begin to doubt about the dentist? A. The dentist's agreeing to treat her at very short notice. B. The dentist's being as busy as the other dentists. C. The surroundings of the dentist's office. D. The laughing assistant of the dentist. 58. Why did the author suddenly smile? A. Because the dentist came at last. B. Because she saw a picture on the ceiling. C. Because she could relax in the chair. D. Because the assistant kept comforting her. 59. What did the author learn from her experience most probably? A. Strike while the iron is hot. B. Have a good word for one's friend. C. Put oneself in other's shoes. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是生活故事类。作者讲述了自己牙疼去看牙医的经历。牙医为了减 轻病人看病时的痛苦，在天花板上设计了一幅美术作品让病人欣赏，由此作者感悟到：要设身处地为他人 着想。 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分 （Para. 1） my tooth; aching; argument; a friend; put yourself in my place; pain; unbearable; call; dentists 故事背景：我牙疼；曾与朋友 争吵；朋友说我不会为他人着 想；牙疼难忍；打电话预约牙 医。 第二部分 （Para. 2-10） fit in; doubt; in the dentist’s office; bare walls; worried; assistant, laught; good; lie down; relax; on the ceiling; enjoy the artwork; considerate；understand; my friend mean; relief 看牙医经历及感悟：医生安排 时间；我怀疑其能力；在牙医 办公室；只有光秃秃的墙；助 手笑着说医生很好；叫我躺下 并放松；在天花板上我欣赏到 美术作品；医生考虑周到；我 感悟到朋友的话：要设身处地 为别人着想。 【解析】 56. D。推理判断题。难度：中等。题干关键词为 that morning，定位第一段。根据 The morning had been a disaster…Her words still hurt.（那天早上是一场灾难。我牙疼而且一直与朋友争吵。她的话仍然伤人。） 可知作者很心烦苦恼。D. upset“心烦的”符合题意，故选D。cheerful 快乐的；nervous 紧张的；satisfied 感到满意的。考生易选 B项，其依据是第四段 The assistant noticed my nervousness…来判断，而这是 在 lunchtime 作者看牙医时的感觉。考生忽视了题干的关键词 that morning。 57. A。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词 begin to doubt 定位第三段…What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice?（什么样的牙医急于在如此短的 时间治疗一个人？）。Ａ项“牙医同意在如此短的时间为她治疗”正是此句的同义转述，符 合题意，故选 A。考生易选 C“牙医办公室的环境”，其依据是第四段 In the dentist’s office,…worried.（医 生办公室光秃秃的墙使作者更担心）。这是作者后来的怀疑而不是“开始时的怀疑”。考生忽视题干的关 键词 begin。 58.Ｂ。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词 suddenly smile 定位第九段。Ｃ项“因为她看到天花板 上的画”与第九段 There was a beautiful picture,…on the ceiling.相对应，故为正确答案。 59. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。由题干的 experience 可定位于文章后两段。文章倒数第二段提到…I began to understand…by her words.（开始理解朋友所说话的意思），而在文章第一段提到…The trouble with you is that you won’t put yourself in my place…stubbornly.作者与朋友争吵了，朋友说作者的问题是不会为她 着想。由此可推知作者感悟到：要要设身处地为别人着想。Ｃ项符合此意，故为正确答案。 【难句学习】 1. I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. 翻译：我想我可以坚持到我的牙医从假期回来，但疼痛却真的无法忍受。 分析：本句是由 but 连接的并列句，前一分句带有宾语从句 I could hold out 和 till 引导的时间状语从句 till my…holiday。 2. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. 翻译：天花板上有一幅画，恰好在我可以欣赏到地方。 分析：本句的主干是 There was a beautiful picture ，right where I could enjoy it 是由 where 引导的地点 状语从句。