2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U5及答案 8页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U5及答案 ‎***阅读理解。‎ If you have a chance to go to Finland，you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.‎ Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.‎ The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.‎ The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.‎ With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”．But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”．‎ ‎1．The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “________”．‎ A．be ready to help others B．make good use of one's friends C．be a little ahead of others D．gain something at other's expense ‎2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．While taking a taxi in Finland，you can get off without first paying your fare.‎ B．In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you're living in the hotel.‎ C．The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their working hours.‎ D．The workers are always honest with their working hours.‎ ‎3．We can learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．the Finnish society is of very high moral(道德的)level B．there are many loopholes in everyday life in ‎Finland C．in Finland，most taxi drivers will not charge you anything D．everyone in Finland is like a gentleman，for they have faith in themselves ‎4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Life in ‎Finland B．A Society with “Foolish” People C．What a Life D．Honest accounts of the Finns ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。‎ ‎【难句分析】You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that you have some business to attend to 为that引导的宾语从句，作say的宾语。‎ 译文：你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方，告诉司机让你在任何地方下车，告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理，然后不付车费就可以离开。‎ ‎1．D　考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“With so many loopholes(漏洞)in everyday life，surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take ‘petty_advantages’”可知，在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞”。结合上文内容可知，在芬兰，如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理，你不付车费就可以离开；在宾馆用旧的登记卡就可以享受免费大餐；工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资，这些就是“漏洞”。由此可知，芬兰确实是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂，画线词意为“小便宜”，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．C　考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以C项与文意不符，故选C项。根据第五段第二句可知，你可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费，故A项与文意相符；根据第三段最后两句可知，如果你在芬兰大宾馆入住，你可以凭登记卡享受免费大餐，故B项与文意相符；根据最后一段倒数第二句“And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in”可知，芬兰工人总是诚实地汇报自己实际的工作时长，故D项与文意相符。‎ ‎3‎ ‎．A　考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，在芬兰，乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费；没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐；工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事，生活在这样一个社会里，每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士”。据此可以判断，芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平，故A项正确。根据第五段第一句可知，在日常生活中，芬兰社会有很多可以让贪小便宜的人钻的“漏洞”，这是文章所叙述的事实，而不是推论出来的内容，故B项不符合题意；根据第五段第二句可知，乘客会在办完事后支付车费，故C项错误；根据文章最后一句可知，芬兰人总是诚实地做一切事情，故他们都像绅士，并不是说芬兰人信任自己，故D项错误。‎ ‎4．B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B项最适合做文章标题。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ A recent survey shows that storytelling ranks before television or video games among pastimes (消遣) for kids. The survey was carried out among 500 children aged 3—4 in Britain, of __1__over threequarters said they wished their parents could read to them more often. Almost twothirds of the kids said reading a story with their parents helped them sleep __2__(well) and more easily. According to the survey, there are two ways for parents __3__ (become) good storytellers. They can use __4__ (fun) voices to show different characters in a story. They can also make their own special sounds to keep the story __5__(interest) and attractive. When Mom and Dad aren't at hand, over 30% of kids would like to hear __6__bedtime story from famous people like Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe. Other movie stars like Zac Efron, Miley Cyrus and Emma Watson __7__(welcome) by children, too.‎ ‎ “__8__can be very difficult for parents to find the time to read with their children. But these moments can help build close relationship __9__parents and children, and also can play an important part in their child's __10__ (develop)，” said child psychologist Woolfson.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项调查显示，孩子对听故事的兴趣要大于看电视或者玩视频游戏。文章通过一些数据告诉人们孩子喜欢听故事，同时，父母和孩子一起读故事也可以让他们之间建立更亲密的关系。‎ ‎1．whom　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这项调查是在英国500个3至4岁的孩子中间进行的，其中超过四分之三的孩子说，他们希望父母能经常给他们读故事。分析句子结构可知，逗号后的句子是一个定语从句，解释说明先行词500 children，引导词在从句中作介词of的宾语，且指代先行词，故用whom来引导。‎ ‎2．better　考查副词的比较级。句意：差不多有三分之二的孩子说，跟父母一起读故事能帮助他们睡得更香、更易入睡。根据下文中的比较级more easily可以推断，设空处也用比较级。故填better。‎ ‎3．to become　考查非谓语动词。句意：根据这项调查，有两个让父母成为讲故事好手的方法。“There be＋n.＋to do”‎ 结构中，动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词，表示将要发生的事。根据句意可知，此处填动词不定式to become。‎ ‎4．funny　考查词性转换。句意：他们可以用一些有趣的声音来表现故事中不同的角色。修饰名词用形容词形式。故填名词fun的形容词形式funny，意为“有趣的”。‎ ‎5．interesting　考查词性转换。句意：他们也可以用自己特有的声音使故事有趣，有吸引力。在“keep sth.＋adj.”结构中，形容词作宾补；并列连词and连接两个相同词性的成分，故此处用形容词interesting “有趣的”，修饰物。‎ ‎6．a　考查冠词。句意：当父母不在身边时，超过30%的孩子喜欢从一些名人那里听到睡前故事，比如《哈利·波特》的主角丹尼尔·拉德克利夫。根据句意可知，这里泛指一个故事，故填不定冠词a。‎ ‎7．are welcomed　考查动词的语态和主谓一致。句意：其他的电影明星像扎克·埃弗龙、米利·赛勒斯和埃玛·沃森也深受孩子们喜欢。主语是复数名词stars，且动词welcome与主语之间为被动关系，故填被动形式are welcomed。‎ ‎8．It　考查代词。句意：父母很难找到时间和孩子们一起读故事。“It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.”结构中，it是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。故填代词It。‎ ‎9．between　考查介词。句意：但是这些时刻有助于父母与子女建立亲密的关系，同时对孩子的发展也很重要。between ... and ... 为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。‎ ‎10．development　考查词性转换。名词所有格后接名词形式。故填动词develop的名词形式development “发展”。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2019·福建泉州质检)‎ An 18yearold student at Stanford University was struggling to pay his fees.Not knowing where to turn for money，he came up with a bright __1__.He and a friend decided to host a musical concert on campus to __2__ money for their education.‎ They__3__ out to the great pianist Ignacy J．Paderewski.His manager__4__ a guaranteed fee of$2,000 for the piano recital(独奏会)．A deal was__5__ and the boys began to work to make the concert a __6__.‎ The big day arrived.But __7__ ，they had not managed to sell enough tickets.The total __8__ was only $1,600.Disappointed，they went to Paderewski and explained their plight(困境)．They gave him the entire $1,600，plus a __9__ for the balance$400.They promised to honor the check at the __10__ possible.Paderewski tore up the check，__11__ the$1,600 and told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees.The boys were__12__ ，and thanked him heartedly.‎ It was a small act of __13__.But it clearly marked out Paderewski __14__ a great human being.‎ ‎__15__ should he help two people he did not even know? We all __16__ situations like these in our lives.And__17__ of us only think“If I help them，what will happen to me？”The truly __18__ people think，“If I don't help them，what will happen to them？”They don't do it __19__ something in return.They do it __20__ they feel it's the right thing to do.‎ ‎1．A.time　　　　　　B．task C．idea D．decision ‎2．A.receive B．raise C．borrow D．donate ‎3．A.reached B．turned C．pointed D．called ‎4．A.increased B．covered C．considered D．demanded ‎5．A.rejected B．struck C．canceled D．attracted ‎6．A.success B．career C．background D．performance ‎7．A.uncertainly B．unbelievably C．unfortunately D．undoubtedly ‎8．A.cost B．bill C．collection D．allowance ‎9．A.benefit B．profit C．charge D．check ‎10．A.soonest B．latest C．longest D．farthest ‎11．A.took B．counted C．deposited D．returned ‎12．A.pleased B．surprised C．frightened D．interested ‎13．A.devotion B．kindness C．sympathy D．teamwork ‎14．A.like B．for C．as D．to ‎15．A.How B．Where C．When D．Why ‎16．A.come across B．deal with C．adapt to D．think of ‎17．A.both B．few C．none D．most ‎18．A.able B．rich C．great D．famous ‎19．A.taking B．expecting C．offering D．preparing ‎20．A.because B．though C．before D．so ‎【解题导语】两个大学生本想通过组织一场音乐会赚取学费，可是音乐会并不成功，但善良的受邀钢琴家的大方举动却给他们解了围。‎ ‎1．C　根据设空后的He and a friend decided to host a musical concert...可知，他和朋友决定举办一场音乐会以筹集学费，这是他的想法(idea)。故选C项。‎ ‎2．B　根据上文中的Not knowing where to turn for money可知，由于学费不够，他和朋友决定举办音乐会来筹集学费。receive意为“收到”；raise意为“筹集”；borrow意为“借”；donate意为“捐献”。故选B项。‎ ‎3．A　reach out to意为“表示对……感兴趣；表示愿意提供援助”；turn out意为“证明是；结果是”；point out意为“指出”；call out意为“大声呼叫；呼喊”。根据第二段可知，他们开音乐会要邀请著名的钢琴家，说明他们对这位钢琴家有兴趣。故选A项。‎ 测训诊断：本题考生易误选B项。考生易把turn to“求助于”和turn out to“证明是；结果是”以及reach out to“表示对……感兴趣”混淆。‎ ‎4．D　根据设空后的a guaranteed fee可知，钢琴家的经纪人要求(demanded)他们付2,000美元的保证金。故选D项。increase意为“增加”；cover意为“覆盖；遮蔽；包括；报道”；consider意为“考虑；细想；认为”。‎ ‎5．B　根据设空后的began to work可知，他们之间达成了协议。strike a deal意为“达成协议”；reject意为“拒绝”；cancel意为“取消”；attract意为“吸引”。故选B项。‎ ‎6．A　他们达成了协议，并且为了音乐会的成功举办，他们开始积极筹备。故选A项。success意为“成功的事”，career意为“职业；事业”；background意为“背景；出身”；performance意为“表演；演出；表现”。‎ ‎7．C　根据前文可知他们达成了协议，再根据设空后的had not managed to sell enough tickets可知，他们并没有卖出足够的票，这对他们来说是不幸的。故选C项。‎ ‎8．C　根据设空后的$1,600以及下文的$400可知，此处指他们总的筹款为1,600美元。cost意为“花费；成本；代价”；bill意为“账单”；collection意为“筹集的钱；收藏品”；allowance意为“津贴；补贴”。‎ ‎9．D　根据下文的They promised to honor the check at the ________ possible.可知，因为他们并没有筹到足够的钱，所以又写了400美元的支票作为欠款。故选D项。‎ ‎10．A　他们承诺尽快(soonest)承兑支票，故选A项。‎ ‎11．D　根据空前的Paderewski tore up the check及空后的told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees可知，钢琴家撕毁了支票，并且还把1,600美元还给了(returned)他们让他们当做学费。故选D项。‎ ‎12．B　根据上文可知，他们本来是承诺了要给钢琴家2,000美元，但却没有筹够钱，而钢琴家又把钱还给了他们，因此，他们非常惊讶(surprised)而且非常感激。故选B项。pleased意为“高兴的；快乐的；满意的”；frightened意为“害怕的”；interested意为“感兴趣的”。‎ ‎13．B　根据上文可知，钢琴家没有要保证金，而且把钱给了两个大学生充当学费，因此这是一个善举。devotion意为“献身；贡献”；kindness意为“善良”；sympathy意为“同情”；teamwork意为“团队合作”。故选B项。‎ ‎14．C　钢琴家的善举使得他更显人的伟大之处。mark...out as意为“使……看上去脱颖而出成为……”，符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎15．D　根据下文可知，每个人都遇到过帮与不帮别人的问题，由此可推测，本句应是探讨帮助别人的原因。故选D项。‎ ‎16．A　根据下文And ________ of us only think“If I help them, what will happen to me？”可知，我们都曾遇到过类似的情况。come across意为“偶遇；邂逅”，符合语境。故选A项。deal with意为“处理；处置”；adapt to意为“适应”；think of意为“想起；想到”。‎ ‎17．D　根据语境可知，此处应指我们大多数，故选D项。‎ ‎18．C　根据上句可知，大多数人是在想帮助别人对自己的影响，而伟大的人却想如果不帮助别人对他人有什么影响。great意为“伟大的”，符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎19．B　根据上文的“If I don't help them, what will happen to them？”可知，他们是在考虑别人，不求(expecting)回报。故选B项。‎ ‎20．A　根据最后一段可知，伟大的人不求回报地去帮助别人，他们之所以这么做，是因为他们感觉这是正确的事情。因此，设空处表原因，引导原因状语从句。故选A项。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延症) is now my goal in life. My first step was to set small targets what can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the last place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important task including their due dates but follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid find excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask for my friends and parents to help me. By achieving this small targets, I have confident that I will overcome procrastination.‎ 答案：‎ Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延症) is now my goal in life. My first step to set small targets can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important including their due dates follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask my friends and parents to help me. By achieving small targets, I have that I will overcome procrastination.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第二处：what→that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词targets在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用that/which来引导该从句。‎ 第五处：but→and　考查连词。根据上下文可知，make和follow两个动作之间是递进关系，故用and。‎ 第十处：confident→confidence　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用confident的名词形式confidence作have的宾语。‎