2013 高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 试题及答案详解Multitasking 3页

‎2013 高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 试题及答案详解：Multitasking Multitasking ‎     People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted(分心) and can't focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.‎ ‎     Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking(寻求刺激) or impulsive(冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.‎ ‎     Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.‎ ‎     “People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity, but because they're distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said.‎ ‎     Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.‎ ‎     The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous.”‎ ‎1. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask                 .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ seek high productivity constantly ‎ ‎ B.‎ prefer handling different things when getting bored ‎ ‎ C.‎ are more focused when doing many things at a time ‎ ‎ D.‎ have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time ‎2. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they                 .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ assessed the multitasking ability of the students ‎ ‎ B.‎ evaluated the academic achievements of the students ‎ ‎ C.‎ analyzed the effects of the participants' tricky mental tasks ‎ ‎ D.‎ measured the changes of the students' understanding ability ‎3. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their                 .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ limited power in calculation ‎ ‎ B.‎ interests in doing things differently ‎ ‎ C.‎ inability to concentrate on one task ‎ ‎ D.‎ impulsive desire to try new things ‎4. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually                    .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ drive very skillfully ‎ ‎ B.‎ go in for different tasks ‎ ‎ C.‎ fail to react quickly to potential dangers ‎ ‎ D.‎ refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior 答案与解析：‎ ‎1. D.分析题干，关键词是research，由此可以定位到文章第一段，根据“People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once”可知，从事多任务工作的人员在同时处理两项任务时可能表现得最差，故只有D选项正确。‎ ‎2. A.分析题干可知，本题是对实验过程的细节考查，可定位到文章第二段，根据“They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability”可知，本题答案选A；另外，调查研究类文章一切实验均会围绕实验假设展开，与之无关的选项可直接排除，本题BCD选项和multitask没有关系，可直接排除。‎ ‎3. C.分析题干，关键词是multitask和because，可定位到文章第四段，根据“People multitask…‎ but because they're distractible”可知，人们同时从事多个任务是因为他们不能集中注意力，结合选项，只有C选项最合适。‎ ‎4. C.分析题干，定位到文章最后一段，根据“people who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situation”可知，从事多任务工作的人员因为一心多用，往往对潜在的危险不那么敏感，故选C；最后一段只提到了“may enjoy risky distracted driving”并没有提到“drive skillfully”，故A选项错误；B、D选项属于无中生有。‎ 重点单词：‎ 基础词汇 suggest 表明 indicate 表明 performance 表现 evaluation 评价 distract 分心 handle 处理 impulsive 冲动的 evaluate 评价 mental 精神的 require 要求 average 平均的 frequently 频繁地 actual 实际的 admit 承认 limitation 限制 generally 一般地 sensitive 敏感的 risky 冒险的 situation 情况 recognize 承认 connect 联系 提高词汇 productivity 生产力 sensation 感觉 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 重点短语：‎ base on 基于 focus on 集中于 be likely to 可能……‎ deal with 处理 lead to 导致 as a result of 由于 go in for 喜欢 find out 发现 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 长难句分析：‎ ‎1. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can't focus on one activity.‎ 解析：本句话的主干是“The findings indicate that”；“based on…students”是过去分词结构修饰findings；“that many people multitask…”是由that引导的宾语从句；“out of a desire…”是介词结构表示原因，其中“to increase productivity”是不定式修饰desire；“because they are easily distracted and can't focus on one activity”是由because引导的原因状语从句。‎ 翻译：调查结果表明：很多人并不是因为想要提高工作效率而自愿进行多项任务的，而是因为他们很容易分心，不能专注于一项活动。这些发现基于约275名大学生的表现和自我评价。‎ ‎2. They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.‎ 解析：本句话的主干是“They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability”；“with a tricky mental task”是介词结构表示方式；“that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations”是由that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的task；“while remembering a set of letters”是由while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式。‎ 翻译：然后，他们用一个棘手的脑力任务评估了参与者的多任务工作能力，这一任务要求参与者在记一串单词的同时进行简单的数学计算。‎ ‎3. Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.‎ 解析：本句话的主干是“Adam Gazzaley said”；“a researcher…San Francisco”是同位语，解释Adam；“who…group”是由who引导的定语从句，修饰前面的researcher；“one limitation of the study…multitasking”是said的宾语从句；其中：宾语从句的主干是“one limitation of the study was that”；“that it couldn't find out”是由that引导的表语从句；“who start out less focused”是由who引导的定语从句，修饰前面的people；“whether people tend toward multitasking”和“whether people's…multitasking”都是由whether引导的宾语从句。‎ 翻译：亚当.格萨里是旧金山加州大学的一名研究人员，他不是该研究小组的成员。格萨里说到这项研究的一个限制是：它不能找出开始不那么专注的那些人是否趋向于多任务处理，也不能确定人们的认知和理解能力是否会因为多任务处理而改变。‎ ‎-------------------------------------------------------------------------------‎ 高考不提分，赔付1万元，关注快乐学kuailexue.com了解详情。‎