2018年高考英语模拟试题(5) 10页

中山市 2016 年普通高考模拟考试 英语试题（五） 本试卷共 10 页，三部分，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、 座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需 改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区 域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使 用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A、 B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A George Washington was born in 1732 in Virginia. His father died when George was 11 years old. As a boy, he learned reading, writing and math. Then he worked as a landsurveyorin western Virginia. In his twenties, he became a British Army officer. George Washington fought in the French and Indian War. Mr. Ellis points out that Washington did not have a formal or college education like many other early . leaders, including John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. "But in some sense, Adams goes to Harvard, and Jefferson goes to William and Mary and Washington goes to war." Mr. Ellis says the first president was "a realist." At the same time, he was a "very passionate man" with "extremely strong emotions." He was known to get angry, but he only showed histemperto a few people. Washington not only acted like a great leader –he looked like one. George Washington stood about meters tall. He was a head taller than the average man of his time. He was very strong, and verygraceful.He was known as one of the best horseback riders and best dancers in Virginia. But he had a problem: bad teeth. Unlike his wife, Martha, who was known for her lovely smile, George Washington began losing his teeth in his twenties. When he was sworn in as president, he had only one tooth left. Dentists made him sets ofdenturesfrom uncomfortable metal and springs. Some of the teeth were from hippopotamus ivory. Mr. Ellis says Washington even paid some of his slaves for their teeth. "About six of the teeth in his mouth in his latter years, when he is president, are actually from slaves at Mount Vernon." 1. When George Washington was young, he _________ . A. was a hard-working college student like the other American presidents B. worked as a farmer C. joined the army D. liked literature very much 2. One problem bothered George Washington was his _________. A. height B. teeth C. wife D. bad temper 3. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage A. George Washington was good at dancing. B. George Washington was a good horseback rider. C. George Washington was very sick when be became president. D. George Washington got some teeth from slaves. 4. We can infer from the passage that Washington _________. A. was a very lucky man B. was a handsome man C. had a happy marriage D. showed great leadership B People have long known that nuts are part of a healthy diet. However, scientists in the Netherlands recently found that you do not need to eat many to get all the health benefits. Professor van den Brandt says "What we found is that the beneficial effect(s) of nuts and peanuts is already apparent at a lot lower levels of intake than has been suggested before." About 10 grams a day is enough to get the full health benefits of nuts. That is about an average-sized handful. Nuts are high in fat and calories. So, eating a handful before dinner can help you to eat less. But eating too many can ruin your appetitealtogether. However, the researchers found that many peanut butters did not give the same health benefits as plain peanuts. That is because most peanut butters contain added oils and sugars. Also, when choosing which nuts to eat, avoid those stored or roasted in oil. Dry-roasted is better but still the high temperatures can kill the healthynutrients.Nuts are most healthy if you eat them raw . Not all nuts are created equal. Nuts differ in their fat and nutrient content. Almonds are among the least fatty nuts. Almonds also have calcium and are high in Vitamin E. Vitamin E helps to protect the body from disease. And it's good for skin and eyes. Chestnuts are the nut with the least fat and fewest calories. Chestnuts are rich in carbohydrates and fiber. And in their raw form, chestnuts are a good source of vitamin C. Roasted chestnuts are a popular treat in the winter. Walnuts are loaded with antioxidants, compounds that may help protect against cancer. They are also loaded with heart-friendly fats andomega-3s. So, walnuts are a good choice for people who do not eat fish. 5. Scientists have recently found out that ________. A. people should eat as many nuts as possible B. 10 grams of nuts can replace a meal C. eating too many nuts is unnecessary D. eating nuts is good for the brain. 6. From the passage we know that ________. A. people should eat some nuts before dinner. B. peanut butters are as healthy as plain peanuts C. dry-roasted nuts are more healthy than oil-roasted nuts D. eating nuts before dinner can ruin your appetite of the following is similar to the underlined word “raw” in Paragraph 2 A . fresh B cooked C. clean D unprocessed 8. This passage is most likely to be in the section of a magazine. A . life style B. healthy diet C. recipe introduction D culture C Discover Nature Schools Programs Becoming Bears(Kindergarten － 2 grade) By becoming baby bears，children learn from their “parent ” to survive the seasons. Kids will find safety in the spring and learn kinds of food bears eat during the summer ，and then create a cave for winter hibernation( 冬眠 ).After learning the skills needed to survive ，students will go out of the cave as an independent black bear able to care for themselves. －2 hours) Whose Clues(3－ 5 grade) Kids will discover how plants and animals use their special structures to survive. Through outdoor study of plants and animals ，kids will recognize their special structures and learn how they enable species to eat ，avoid their enemies and survive. Using what they have learned ，kids will choose one species and tell how they survive in their living places.(3 －4 hours) Winged Wonders(3 －5 grade) Birds add color and sound to our world and play an important ecological role. Students will learn the basics of birds ，understand the role birds play in food chains and go bird watching using field guides and telescopes. Students will do hands-on activities. Students will use tools to build bird feeders ，allowing them to attract birds at home.(3 －4 hours) Exploring Your Watershed(6 －8 grade) We all depend on clean water. Examining how our actions shape the waterways around us. Go on a hike to see first-hand some of the challenging water quality problems in a city. Students will test the water quality to determine the health of an ecosystem. Each program is taught for a class with at least 10 students. All programs include plenty of time outdoors. So please prepare proper clothing ， sunscreen and insect killers for children. To take part in a program ，please email. Gov. 9. What can kids do at Becoming Bears A. Watch bears ’ performances. B. Take care of bears. C. Dress up as baby bears to learn about bears. D. Learn how to survive a bear attack. 10. Kids who are interested in plants will choose . A. Winged Wonders B. Exploring Your Watershed C. Becoming Bears D. Whose Clues 11. According to the passage，all the four programs . A. have the same teaching hours B. have outdoor activities C. are offered during summer holidays D. are designed for primary school students D If you have seen or heard of the British TV series Downton Abbey, you have probably noticed an “ upstairs-downstairs ” class system in which the noble people are upstairs，worrying what clothes they should wear for dinner and the poor people are downstairs, working hard to make food and tea. So it ’ s not hard to tell that people are divided into different classes. British society has changed a lot since the days of Downton Abbey, but the division still exists and the funny accents do, too. Nowadays, what divides Britons is the so-called “ North-South divide ”. As you make your way north from the south coast of England, the accent begins to change. The posh “ How are you ” in parts of the South becomes “ Ahhdu” (how do you do) in the Midlands, “ reeit ” (are you alright) in the North West, “ eyyup ”(what ’ s up) in Yorkshire, and “ hou’ s it gaun ”(how ’ s it going) in Scotland. Besides accents, the economy also changes. The rich southern city of London slowly becomes the North where people generally have less money. So where does the “ South ” stop being the “ South ”and the “ North ” start being the “ North ” Well, depending on where someone comes from in Britain, you ’ ll get a different answer. “ Anywhere above London is ‘ the North ’,”you might hear a Londoner say. Or if you ’ re in Scotland, you might hear, “ Southern softer! ”, talking about people from Lancashire or Yorkshire, who think of themselves as “ hard(tough) Northerners ” . “ Anywhere south of Manchester is not northern, ” you might hear a person from Manchester say. Many stereotypes( 成 见 ) have come from the “ North-South Divide ”, too. Often, southerners are seen as being rude and snobbish by northerners. And northerners are often seen as uneducated by southerners. 12. The first paragraph serves to ________ . A. compare the lives of upstairs with those of downstairs B. explain how the class system worked in the past C. attack the unfair class division D. introduce the topic of the passage 13. People from North West greet each other by saying “”. A. hou’ s it gaun B. reeit C. eyyup D. ahhdu 14. From Paragraph 4 we get to know ________. A. Scotlanders think Londoners are not strong enough B. Manchester people think Scotland belongs to the South C. Yorkshire people regard themselves as Northerners D. there is no such thing as “ North-South Divide ” 15. What is the passage mainly talking about A. British accents are different from North to South. B. Class division is getting smaller at present. C. It is about the “ North-South Division ” and its influence. D. Northerners and Southerners dislike each other in Britain. 第二节 (共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Tips for preparing your presentation Preparing the story message helps speakers give a successful presentation. 16 , which are as follows. ◆ Understand the difference between atitleand atopic. ___17____, but a title is more specific. Make sure the title explains the benefit of your subject. ◆ Provide an image for those who are not experts in your subject. Explain how your research relates to other fields. ◆ Work ontransitions(linking words orphrases) as you go from image to image. These should make the connections between your ideas clear. Professor LeBeau says transitions serve as bridges to each new image. ◆ 18 . What questions might they have about each image Prepare an extra image that would help explain the most difficult question you expect. ◆Rehearseyour presentation with a timing device. 19 . It is disrespectful to take more than your share of the time. Cut your presentation to fit the time you are permitted. 20 . A. A topic is general B. Topic is very important C. Use your imagination D. Look at each image from the audience's point of view E. Professor LeBeau gives some tips foracademicpresentations F. Give the tips a try and see what will happen. G. There is a time limit at most conferences. 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（ A、B、C和 D）中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When you are five years old, your mother is your everything. She is your 21 , friend, and nurse; the only person you rely on 22 with your hopes, dreams, and wishes. But for me, this was not the case. My mother suffered from 23 problems that would keep her in bed for days, leaving me to care for her and look after myself. This situation 24 me to grow up much I knew my mother was sick, I felt deep down that we could 25 it and everything would be okay. 26 , in 1997 everything went terribly wrong ，and my life changed forever. Adoption is a 27 word to a five-year-old, but when I realized that my own mother had signed me over to 28 , I felt it was the worst betrayal( 背叛 ).I suffered from shock, anger, and confusion as I attempted to adjust to my new family. No longer could I 29 anyone since the person I had loved more than all else had abandoned me. Hearing people tell me that she did it in my best interest, I felt even more 30 . I could not forgive her and always 31 how she could reject me like an old sofa. However, the more I got older, the more I began to understand how 32 our situation had been. We had been 33 on boxes of noodles, and at one point we 34 lived in our was once passed from drug-addicted cousins to mentally unstable neighbors as my mother 35 to try and save me from what our lives were becoming 36 each day passed. Only recently have I begun to understand 37 my mother gave me to strangers. 38 she really did save loved me more than anything, so she wanted me to have a 39 in life, one she could no longer offer me. I now know my life has been a special 40 only because she was selfless enough to give me up. 21. A. hostess B. competitor C. provider D. candidate 22. A. mainly B. completely C. gradually D. occasionally 23. A. moral B. physical C. social D. legal 24. A. forced B. inspired C. allowed D. convinced 25. A. stick to B. escape from C. decide on D. get through 26. A. Otherwise B. Meanwhile C. However D. Therefore 27. A. familiar B. negative C. simple D. foreign 28. A. strangers B. cousins C. friends D. neighbors 29. A. understand B. support C. trust D. praise 30. A. worried B. innocent C. scared D. bitter 31. A. imagined B. wondered C. remembered D. questioned 32. A. ridiculous B. urgent C. desperate D. complex 33. A. focusing B. working C. acting D. surviving 34. A. also B. even C. still D. yet 35. A. fought B. learnt C. hesitated D. tended 36. A. till B. before C. as D. once 37. A. how B. why C. that D. what 38. A. In the long run B. Time and again C. For quite a while D. All at once 39. A. challenge B. goal C. reward D. chance 40. A. gift B. fact C. test D. deal 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One of my father ’ s favorite 41 (say) as I was growing up was “ Try it!” I couldn ’ t say I didn ’ t like something, 42 it might be ，until after I tried it. Over the years, I ’ ve come to realize how much of my success I owe to my acceptance of those words as one of 43 values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I 44 (determine) what I wanted to do as a career. 45 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 46 (marry), stay at home and raise a family, so I didn ’ t think 47 job I took mattered that much. I couldn ’ t have been more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I 48 (give) the opportunity to move up through the company into different positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “ Well, I ’ ll try it; 49 I don ’ t like it I can always go back to my 50 (early) position. ” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years. 第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分 35 分 ) 第一节 短文改错 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文 中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 It is back-to-school time in the United States, that for many isbittersweet. Thebitterpart is for say goodbye to carefree and unscheduled summer days. Thesweetpart is saying hello to new school year and school friends. Thisexcitedtime is filled in smells of new books, paper and pencils. Children might be dressed in a new set of clothes and wore new shoes. Therefore, going back to school can also be a stressful time for children and families. Everyone must make thetransitionfrom easy summer life toroutines, schedules and homework. Families might also feel stress about spending extra of money for a new school year. Parents often need to pay school fees and they need to buy new school clothes, musically instruments and school supplies for his children. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假如你是李华， 你的外国朋友 Peter 对电影中的中国功夫很感兴趣， 请你写信告知 Peter 电影中的功夫并不是真正的功夫，向他简要介绍中国功夫的历史和目的，并邀请他来少林 寺观看真正的中国武术。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 结语已为你写好。 （命题人：中山市濠头中学高三英语备课组）