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词汇手册整理
1. ability
the ability to do the capability of doing
be (un)able to do be capable of sth/doing
1 主语可以是物 2 可以加不好的事
Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth)
Could
enable sb. to do
2. (ab)normal adj.
n. above normal below normal return to normal
Cf. average adj. 平均的； 典型，有代表性的
n. above/below average on (the) average
against an average of … the average drivers
common adj. 人人都有；到处可见 It’s common to have a mobile phone now.
共同；共有 have …in common; common interest
ordinary adj.
general adj. 总的the general manager the general idea/outline
社会一般的the general public general knowledge
general election
generally speaking
in general VS in detail
usual adj.
universal adj. a universal truth/rule
a universal language/universal peace/donor
topics of universal interest
n. the universe Cf. space
3. aboard adv. prep
go aboard the ship.
On board
4. abroad adv.
go/study abroad; from home and abroad
5. absence n.
one’s absence from in the absence of = for lack of
absent adj. be absent from VS be present at
absent-minded
6. absorb vt.
absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says
(sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth
7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation
receive an invitation
Cf. be accepted by all
be well/coldly/poorly received by all
Cf. be accepted by a company
be admitted to/into a company
(un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb.
8. access (u)n. the access to the village
have (easy/no) access to the library
the Internet access
(in)accessible adj. be ~ to
9. accident n. Cf. accident
event
incident
issue
by accident = by chance = accidentally = unintentionally
on purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally
10. according to the chairman/report
according to the specific situation
according to me (此表达法错，正确为so/as far as I am concerned)
11. account
account for 1)占据 Girls account for 30% of the whole class.
2)解释…的原因 The student could not account for his absence.
Give a detailed/full account of sth
Take sth into account/consideration
On no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.
12. with great accuracy
Cf. accurate
exact
actual
13. accuse sb. of sth
charge sb. with sth
arrest sb. for sth.
blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb.
scold sb. for sth.
criticize sb. for sth.
excuse sb. ror
praise sb. for
14. accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smile
be accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth.
get accustomed to sth./doing sth. = get used to sth./doing sth.
15. ache n.
have a bad headache/stomachache
vi. = hurt
I ache all over.
My heart aches for you.
My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday.
Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt)
vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelings
vi. My leg hurts.
wound vt. a wounded solider
n. = injury
injure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelings
n. injury
damage vt. damage the table/chairs
damage one’s health/eyesight
n. do/cause damage to
Cf. damages
destroy vt.
spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child.
a spoilt child
spoil his birthday party/the picnic
Cf. offend him
harm vt. harm sb.
harm one’s eyes
n. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm
= be harmful to = be bad for
8. achieve vt.
achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect 达到（较抽象）
achieve a task/one’s aim 完成
achievement n. make achievements in
accomplish vt. accomplish a task/one’s aim 完成
accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do 做到（具体）
fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast 履行
fulfill a task 完成
fulfill one’s needs/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足
9. acquire vt.
acquire sth. 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation 学得；养成
gain vt . gain sth. /gain（lose） five minutes a day
obtain vt. obtain sth. /obtain one’s goal
earn vt. earn sb. sth.
win vt. win sth./ win sb. sth. / win over sb.
10. across
~~ the desert; shout across the room; run across the plain
Come across
11. act as
act n. Cf. act
behaviour
action
deed
12. actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual fact
Cf. real real leather/silk
a real person in real life
true It’s not true. She made up the story.
true love/friends
8. adapt v. adapt sth. to sth.
adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth.
adopt vt. adopt a child
adopt a good attitude/the proposal
adjust vt. adjust the focus/ the clock
adjust oneself to sth. = adjust to sth.
9. add v. add sth. to sth.
add up A and B
add that 接着说
add to sth. = increase sth. 增添了 add to our helplessness
(sth) add up to 总和
addition n. in addition to = besides
in addition = besides = furthermore = what’s more
10. address n. 注意词义
vt. address the envelope
address the meeting/ a large audience
11. admire vt. admire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your bravery
admire the beautiful sunset = appreciate ~
12. admit vt. admit sb. to/into sp.
admit doing sth. VS deny doing sth.
Cf. permit vt. permit sth. permit doing sth. permit sb. to do
allow vt. allow sth. allow doing sth. allow sb. to do
advise doing advise sb. to do
recommend doing recommend sb. to do
13. advance v.
n. C/U make advances in = make progress in
advancement n. U
advanced technology / advanced course
14. take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most of
Cf. make the best of
have an advantage over sb.
15. adventure n. 冒险的活动
Cf. venture n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money.
Risk
16. advertise the new car model in the newspaper
advertise for a job/roommate
17. advise sb. on sth. suggest sth.
advise sb. to do suggest one’s doing
advise doing suggest (to sb.) that … (should) do
advise that…(should) do
give advice to sb. on sth. make a suggestion to sb.
give tips to sb. on sth.
8. affair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ political affairs
household affairs/ a love affair
Cf. business
do business with business hours on business or for pleasure
It’s none of your business.
set up/start a business
matter It’s a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death.
Is there anything the matter with you?
9. affect vt . affect a child’s growth (不良影响)
be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the story
be affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease
= develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a disease
Cf. influence vt. influence a child’s thought/opinion
n. U have influence on
effect n. have an effect on
achieve the intended effect
cause and effect
create a wonderful sound effect
(sth.)take effect bring sth. into effect
effort n. make effort(s) to do without effort(s) in one’s efforts to do
spare no efforts to do through combined efforts
impact n. have an impact on
10. afford vt. 买得起 afford sth. afford to do
承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not to have a dictionary.
11. afraid adj. be afraid to do
be afraid of doing
Cf. I am afraid of dogs.
I fear dogs.
Dogs frighten me.
I am frightened at dogs.
12. agree to do
agree to my plan
agree with me/my words/what I said
His words don’t agree with his actions. 相符
The food/weather here does not agree with me. 适合，适宜
(All of them) agree on (a date)
come to/reach/arrive at an agreement
agreeable(= pleasant) people/weather
13. ahead of me 在前面;胜过
ahead of time/schedule VS behind time
ahead of one’s time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代
14. aid n. a knowledge of first aid
hearing aids audio-visual aids teaching aids
come to/ go to one’s aid/help/rescue/assistance
with the aid of = with the help of
aid v. = help; assist
aid (sb.) with sth.
aid sb. in doing
8. aim his gun at the target aim his words at me
aim at sth.
aim to do = aim at doing The advert aims at promoting good service.
aim high
achieve one’s aim to do sth.
9. alike
(adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)
(adj.) The two brothers look much alike.
Cf. A looks like B.
10. Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alive keep sb. alive
living the oldest living man the living and the dead a living language
lively a lively boy/lesson
live (adj.)a live broadcast/match experiment on live animals
(adv.)be broadcast live
11. all students/all the students/all of the students
all of them
in all
all in all
after all
above all
first of all
all over
(not) at all
12. almost nobody/nothing/no…
not nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enough
almost/nearly everybody
Cf. almost/most/mostly
13. alone adj. She is alone, but she isn’t not lonely.
adv. do it alone = do it on one’s own = do it by oneself
Money alone(光，仅仅) can’t make me happy.
lonely adj. She is lonely.
a lonely girl
a lonely village = a remote/faraway village
14. amaze vt.
amuse vt.
15. have an ambition to do sth
achieve/realize/fulfill one’s ambition
16. a large amount of; a great deal of + U
plenty of, a large quantity of; large quantities of + U/C
masses of; a good many; a large number of + C
8. in ancient times VS in modern times
the ancients
9. be angry with sb. at/about sth.
10. announce vt. 公开宣布
announce sth. ( announce their marriage)
announce that…
declare vt. (权威.政府)宣布; 申报关税
declare sth. (declare peace/war)
declare sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj. (declare the meeting open)
declare that…
claim vt. 要求获得权利;认领某物
claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward)
自称 claim to do ( 无claim sb. to do)
claim that…
demand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience)
= need sth.= call for sth. = require sth.
(强烈)要求 demand sth. ( demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do (无demand sb. to do)
demand that…(should) do
require vt. 需要require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = call for sth.
require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve)
(规定) 要求require sb. to do
(sb. ) be required to do
require too much of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb. ( = beg sth. of sb.)
require that…(should) do
n. requirement meet/satisfy admission/entrance requirements
inquire vi. 咨询,询问
inquire for sth. = ask for
inquire about sth. = ask about
inquire into the matter
inquire after sb.
n. inquiry make inquiries for/about/into/after…
request vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. )
request sb. to do
request that…(should) do
n. make an request for sth.
a pamphlet will be sent on/upon request
at one’s request = at the request of sb.
command vt. command the army / command silence 指挥
command respect/ command a high price 博得
command a large vocabulary/ command English = master
command sb. to do
command that…(should) do
n. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English
8. annoy vt. 惹恼annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus service
disturb vt. 打搅disturb sb. (with sth.) Don’t disturb.
扰乱disturb the smooth surface of the river
disturb the balance of nature
使…心烦意乱be disturbed by the news
disturbance n.
interrupt vt. 打断interrupt us (with sth.) interrupt our conversation
bother vt . 打搅bother sb. with sth.
vi. 麻烦;费心Don’t bother to do that.
Don’t bother about supper.
He hasn’t even bothered to write to his parents.
他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈
9. answer vt. answer the question = reply to the question
answer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the government
answer for …为。。。负责
n. = reply
10. be anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate for
be anxious about sth. = be worried about
11. anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何
Cf. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式
somewhat adv. = a bit; a little
12. apologize to sb. for sth.
make an apology to sb. for sth.
13. appeal vi.恳求;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb. to do sth.
= call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do
诉诸appeal to war/arms
吸引appeal to me
appeal n. make an appeal for sth.
Have great appeal for sb. 对某人具有很大的吸引力
14. Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do
There appear/seem/happen to be
It appear/seem/happen that…
Cf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/believed…to be/to do
It is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believed… that…
As is known, …..
15. have an appetite for sth. lose/stimulate one’s appetite
16. burst into applause warm applause join in the applause
17. electrical appliances = electrical equipment household appliances
Cf. appliance 器具electrical/household appliances
equipment U
tool carpenter’s tools /gardener’s tools
instrument lab/musical/medical instruments
an instrument for/of communication
device a device for peeling apples/for closing the door automatically
implement 用具farming/writing/gardening implements
facility U 便利 be used with great facility
pl.设施 kitchen/airport/educational/language teaching facilities
8. complete/fill in/fill out an application form
approve/refuse/reject/turn down an application
make an application to sb. for sth.
the new application(s) of sth. in (a field)
apply to sb. for sth.
apply the rule to this occasion
(The rule does not) apply to the case
The rule applies(be effective) till next May.
9. appoint him (as/to be) chairman of the board
meet at the appointed time
see patients by appointment only
make/have an appointment with sb.
10. have an appreciation of modern art/paintings
appreciate you/your talent
appreciate modern art/paintings
appreciate your help/appreciate your kindness in doing sth.
= thank you for your help = be grateful/thankful to you for your help
= show my gratitude to you for your help
11. 批准approve the plan wait for the fund to be approved
同意approve (of) your opinion
12. area n. cover an area of 100 square meters
be outstanding in his area = in his field
Cf. region
district
zone
field
13. argue with sb. over/about sth. augue for/against sth.
argument n.
14. arise vi. = come up; appear; emerge arise from
rise vi. = stand up = raise oneself rise to one’s feet
The flag is rising. a rising flag VS a risen sun
n. on the rise = on the increase rise and fall of an umpire
raise vt. raise oneself
raise a flag at the flag-raising ceremony
raise one’s voice /the rent
raise money = collect money
raise pets = keep pets
arouse vt. arouse curiosity/interest
15. arrange flowers arrange books
arrange for sb. to do sth. Mom has arranged for me to study abroad.
arrange with sb. to do sth. I’ve arranged with Jack to meet at the square.
make arrangements/preparations for sth./to do sth.
8. arrive at VS. arrive in
The letter reached me yesterday. (不可用get to/arrive at)
arrive at an agreement/decision/conclusion
9. article n. 文章write an article on sth.
物品see articles of all kinds
Cf. item n. 一则新闻a news item = an item of news
一项many items on display/on the list/in the test paper
I love the last item on the program.
10. artificial adj. an artificial flower/ snow/ leg/hand/eye/satellite
an artificial smile/artificial manners
Cf. synthetic fibers/materials
false teeth a false statement/alarm
fake money a fake painting by Picasso
a faulty electric fan
11. such…as the same…as
such a great man as he=a great man like him
Cf. She is such a nice girl as is loved by all of us.
She is such a nice girl that she is loved by all of us.
She is such a nice girl as to be loved by all of us.
Cf. as, like
as, though, although
as, when, while
as, which
as…as, so…as
as; because; since
12. be/feel ashamed of sth.
Cf. shameful adj.
13. be/fall asleep VS a sleeping baby
be fast/sound asleep VS be wide awake
14. assign sth. to sb.
assign sb. to sth. I was assigned to that project.
assign sb. sth.
assign sb. to do sth.
15. 联系;联想associate A with B A be associated with B
有关联relate A to B A be related to B
结合combine A with B A combine with B
连接; 联系link A to/with B = connect A to/with B
系 tie A to B
16. 假定assume sth. (assume his innocence)
assume sb. (to be) + adj./n.
assume that
承担assume office/responsibility
8. assure sb. of sth. assure sb. that…
ensure sth. ensure sb. sth. ensure that…
guarantee vt. 保修 guarantee the clock for a year
保证guarantee to do = guarantee that…
担保guarantee the painting genuine
n. have a two-year guarantee under guarantee
a guarantee of happiness
a guarantee to do
a guarantee that…
insure his house against fire
9. attack vt. a disease/disaster attack/strike/hit a place
n. make/launch an attack on
die of a heart attack
10. attach sth. to sth.
attach to sth.
be attached to sth.
11. attempt sth. attempt to do sth.
make an attempt at sth. make an attempt to do sth.
12. attend a meeting/a concert/school/church
attend (to) a sick child = tend (to) = look after = take care of
attend to the matter
13. pay attention to sth./doing sth.
attract/draw/catch one’s attention catch one’s eye
call one’s attention to sth.
14. adopt/assume/take/maintain a positive/negative attitude towards/about sth.
15. attract sb./sth.
attract sb. to/into sp.
distract sb. from sth./doing sth.
a tourist attraction (U)
16. a large /small audience ( = vocabulary)
an audience of 100
17. have authority over sb.
18. be available to sb. make sth available to sb.
Three basketball playgrounds are available to students.
19. avenge sth. on sb.
20. avoid sth. avoid doing sth.
Cf. prevent a disease
21. awake adj.
awaken vt. awaken sb.
wake vt. wake sb. (up)
vi. wake up
waken vt. waken sb.
vi.
8. award vt. award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
Cf. reward sb. with sth. for sth.
give/offer/hand sb. sth. = give/offer/hand sth. to sb.
present sb. with sth. = present sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth, to sb.
award n. Cf. reward, prize
9. Cf. be (un)aware of sth.
be conscious remain conscious after the accident
be conscious of sth.
10. be set in a background
look nice against the black background
11. backward adv. go backward VS go forward
adj. a background country
12. be badly needed/wanted be more badly needed/wanted
be badly done be worse done
be in bad/urgent need of sth
13. break/disturb/upset the balance of nature
keep/lose one’s balance
be in/out of balance
eat a balanced diet
14. ban vt. ban sth.
ban sb. from doing sth.
Cf. prevent/ stop/prohibit sb. (from) doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
forbid sb. to do sth.
15. a bare mountain/branch bare feet/shoulders
Cf. empty an empty bottle/ room
vacant a vacant job/post
rare a rare stamp/species/flower/metal
Air is rare in the mountains.
scarce Fruit is scarce during the winter/war.
short be short of sth. give me short weight (短斤缺两)
16. make a bargain with sb. = make a deal with sb.
pick up a bargain
17. Cf. base an air base
the base of the vase/statue
basement in the basement
basis (pl. bases) the basis of the theory on a regular basis
foundation lay a solid foundation for sth.
the foundation of the PRC
the Nobel Foundation
the foundation of the building
18. have/take a bath the bathing suit
8. Cf. beach go to the beach play on the beach
coast off the coast along the coast on the coast
seaside
bank along the river bank
9. bear vt. 忍受(can’t) bear to do/doing sth. bear=stand=endure=put up with=tolerate
怀有bear/keep sth. in mind bear love/hatred for her
带有bear no date/your signature/the Red Cross
承受bear the weight/the expense/the responsibility
生育bear flowers/fruit
born adj. be born of poor parents
be born in/into a rich family
be born lucky
be born to succeed
be born for the profession
a born actor
10. beat (beat, beaten) vt./vi.
Cf. beat 反复击打
My heart/the drum is beating fast.
beat a naughty boy
raindrops beat the window
waves beat the beach
strike(struck, stricken)
钟敲 The clock struck 12.
敲击Strike while the iron is hot.
He struck me on the head.
擦亮strike a match
袭击An earthquake struck the country. = attack.; hit
打动；留下印象Her beauty struck me.
突然想到The idea struck me. = The idea occurred to me.
It struck me that she was right. = It occurred to me that she was right.
hit(hit, hit)
击中The ball hit me on the back.
撞上The car hit the lamppost and blew up.
袭击An earthquake hit the area.
突然想到I hit on an idea. A strange idea hit him.
Cf. beat (beat, beaten) beat sb. /a team
defeat (defeated, defeated) defeat sb. /a team
win win a game/match
win a prize/some money
win over sb. / a team
lose lose a game/match
lose to sb. /a team
11. 铺床make one’s/the bed
read sb. a bedtime story
106. before It was (not) long before she came back.
two days
a long time
It won’t be long before she comes back.
since It is/has been long since she came back.
two days
when It was two o’clock when she came back.
that It was at two o’clock that she came back.
It was long ago that she came back.
It was yesterday that she came back.
Cf .before long = soon She came back before long.
She will come back before long.
long before
107. beg (for) sth.
beg sth. of sb. = ask sb. of sb.
beg sb. to do
108. begin with sth.
begin sth. with sth.
to begin with
Cf. start 出发 We will start at 7am tomorrow.
（使）开始 When did the lesson/party/quarrel/fire start.
start a business/company = set up
（使）启动 The car won’t start.
I can’t start the car.
begin
Cf. begin to do 进行时 She is beginning to do her homework.
非人做主语 It began to snow.
加认知情感动词 I began to love/realize/understand/know…
begin doing
from beginning to end
at/in the beginning (of)
109. Cf. behave behave oneself She always behaves well.
act It’s time to act. We should act quickly.
Don’t take her seriously. She is acting.
She acts well in the play. She acted (the role of) Queen in the play.
My teacher acted as the interpreter in the interview.
function The machine is not functioning properly.
perform perform a trick/a play perform on the piano = play the piano
She performed well in the interview. The machine performed properly.
perform an operation/an experiment/one’s promise = conduct(=do)=carry out
107. Cf. believe
believe in I believe you/your words this time but I don’t believe in you.
= I don’t trust you.
She believes in God/Christianity/the existence of ghosts.
She believes in jogging for her health.
108. sth. benefit sb.
sb. benefit from sth.
sth .be beneficial to sb.
Cf. sb. gain sth./a lot from sth.
sb. profit from sth./doing sth.
109. You’d better do
Better do
It’s better to do
know better than to do
* be better-off be better-known
* beyond the river/the mountains
beyond all praise/expression/description/imagination
110. draw up a bill
adopt/pass a bill
pay the bill
111. bind(bound,bound)
Cf. bind bind a package with strings = tie
bind papers into a bundle
bind the soil
fasten fasten the seat belt/safety belt/your coat
lock
stick(stuck, stuck)
刺；扎stick his fork into the meat
粘贴stick the stamp onto the envelope = attach
坚持stick to your idea
陷入困境be stuck/get stuck
tie 扎tie a package with strings
绑tie his dog to the tree
联系tie your success into others’ opinions
束缚be tied to the desk all day long
attach attach a stamp to the envelope = stick
附属be attached to the university
fix fix a bike = repair
安装；固定fix a cupboard to the wall/ fix a table to the ground
install install a telephone in the room
equip equip the room with a telephone
107. give birth to
108. bit
Cf. a bit a little
a bit happy = a little happy
a bit of food = a little food
not a bit happy = not happy at all not a little happy = very happy
do one’s bit for
bit by bit = little by little= step by step = gradually
109. be written in black and white
110. blame sb. for sth. = blame sth .on sb.
be to blame (be to let)
111. Cf. blank fill in the blanks
a blank in one’s memory/in one’s life
gap watch the film from the gap between the two heads
the gap between her teeth
close/fill/narrow the generation gap
crack There is a crack in the wall
leak stop a leak in the roof/pipe
112. a blanket of air
113. blare one’s horns all day long
114. bleed(bled, bled) bleed to death (starve to death/be bored to death)
115. He is blind in both eyes. 不能说成His left eye is blind.
(同样用法: dumb, deaf)
be blind to sth.
a blind choice
* block n.
block vt. The street/water pipe was blocked.
Cf. hold up/crowd
116. be born with a certain blood type
a blood test/a blood transfusion/ the blood bank
stop the flow of blood
indicate one’s blood type
* blow(blew, blown) Cf. flow(flowed, flowed)
v. blow a whistle
blow up = explode = go off
blow out the candle Cf. put out the fire the candle go out
n. give sb. a heavy blow on the head
It was a great/deadly blow to me.
107. be on board
go on board
on the school board ( on a committee/on the school team//on a list)
a notice board
* body temperature the body language
body VS mind physical VS mental spiritual VS material
108. book a ticket = reserve
booking office
109. Cf. border a border conflict
cross the French border
the lace border of a handkerchief / a border of flowers round the lawn
edge the sharp/dull edge of a knife
on the edge of a table
on/at the edge of a river/the town
110. bore sb. to death
be bored with = be fed up with = be sick of = be tired of
* borrow sth. from sb. VS lend sth. to sb.
Cf. You can keep (不能用borrow) the book for two weeks.
some borrowed words in English
111. both…and… 用复数
Cf. not only…but also… / not…but…/either…or…/neither…nor… 就近分配
112. 面on the bottom of the bottle VS on the top of the car on top of the world
点at the bottom of page 10 VS at the top of page 10
from the bottom of my heart (at the top of the mountain VS at the foot of …)
from top to bottom
on the bottom shelf
113. Cf. brain a brain disorder/damage
brains have (good/no) brains
use one’s brains
mind 头脑have a quick mind
理智lose one’s mind absence of mind
注意Out of sight, out of mind. have sth. in mind
with sth in mind
Cf. have sth. on one’s mind
意向make up one’s mind(s) to do
head a man with a big head
* brave adj. bravery n.
* breed n. Cf. species
* break one’s heart break a rule break a promise break a record
* have breakfast have a light/good breakfast have sth. for breakfast
* take/draw a deep breath hold one’s breath lose one’s breath = be out of breath
breathe air
107. give/offer a bribe to sb.
take bribes
108. brief adj. in brief = in short = to put it brief = briefly
a brief stay / a brief fashion
* (sb.)bring sth. to an end (sb.)put an end to sth. (sth) come to an end
* have broad shoulders Cf. open one’s eyes/mouth wide
have a broad view/horizon/mind
broaden one’s horizon/view/mind
109. browse through a book = skim a book=leaf through a book
Cf scan
glance at
stare at
watch
observe
110. budget n. a family/government budget for the coming year
111. build up vt. /vi.
build up one’s muscles/health/reputation/fortune/experience/character…
112. bump my head on/against a tree
bump into the wall = hit the wall
bump into sb. = meet with = run into = come across
113. relieve/lighten/bear/share a burden
114. burn vt. be burned to ashes
vi. Fire burns.
smell sth. burning (不是burned)
have the fire burning all night
a burning candle = a lighted candle
* burst into tears/laughter/applause/leaves
burst out crying/laughing
* bury oneself in a book/one’s studies
with his head buried in a newspaper
107. anything but
nothing but
none but
none other than
not…but…= not…but rather…
not that…but that…
but for = without 虚拟
虚拟 + but + 事实 Cf. 事实 + otherwise + 虚拟
Cf. but/except do
but/except to do
* business n. do business with sb. drive…out of business business hours
start/set up/have a business on this road
Mind your own business. It’s none of your business.
get down to business
* Cf. be busy with sth. be busy doing
* by day VS by night
by and by = soon = before long
by oneself Cf. by oneself = on one’s own
in oneself
of oneself
to oneself
for oneself
be late by 10 minutes be taller than I by a head follow me by 10 meters
be written by hand VS be written with the left hand
succeed by working hard VS succeed through hard work
by way of
be paid by the hour be sold by the jin (Cf. by sold in hundreds)
The room is 10 meters by 5.
by 的时态 By the time I was 5, I was already able to speak English.
By the time I was 5, I had already learned to speak English.
By the time I got to the station, the train had already left.
By the time I got to the station, the train was already moving
107. call on sb. = drop in on sb.
call at sp. = drop in at sp.
call sb. (up) = ring sb. (up) = give a ring to sb. = make a phone call to sb.
108. a calm sea VS. a rough sea
109. go on a camping trip
110. campaign n.（一连串）军事行动
Cf. war
battle
运动run/start/launch a political/election a campaign
Cf. movement
activity
111. as poor as poor can be
can not but do
Cf. cannot help doing
cannot help to do
112. cancel = call off
113. capture 掌握词义 capture one’s attention
114. care n. free from care
handle with care
give medical care to
leave my baby in/under the care of you
take care of = look after = see to = attend to
take care not to do
care v. (not) care for a cup of coffee/the idea
(not) care about my clothes
(not) care to tell the truth
careful adj. be careful with money/the vase
be careful not to do
careless adj. It’s careless of sb. to do
115. career n. follow a nursing career = take up nursing as one’s career = make nursing her career
climb up the career ladder
abandon one’s stage career
read about the careers of her
adj. a career woman
Cf. job
work
occupation by occupation
profession by profession
116. case n. a (typical/successful/famous) case of = example
in this/that/no/any case in some cases in most cases
in a case ( on an occasion; in a situation; under a condition/circumstance)
as is often the case
in case of fire
in case it rains = in case it should rain
in the case of
* pay in cash Cf. pay by check pay by credit card buy sth. on credit
* casual VS formal
* catch me by the arm/hair/collar
catch the early train
catch a disease
catch sb. (in the act of) doing
catch hold of
catch sight of
catch up with Cf. keep up with the times
* cause n. 原因cause and effect
do sth. without good cause
the cause of the accident Cf. the reason for
the cause of SARS = the source (不是origin) of SARS
事业 a noble/just cause
vt. cause sth.
cause sb. to do sth.
*cease to do = cease doing Cf. stop to do, stop doing
cease fire VS open fire
107. celebrate sth.
observe sth.
congratulate sb. on sth.
108. central adj. the central nervous system
centre n. in the certre of a shopping centre
a political/economic/cultural centre
* the wedding/flag-raising/graduation/opening/closing ceremony
Cf. ceremony
celebration
anniversary
109. I’m sure/certain that…
It’s certain(不可用sure) that…
for sure/certain
a certain book = some book
(sb.) be sure/certain of/about （人）对此肯定
(sb.) be sure/certain to do 说话者肯定（人）一定会。。。
Be sure/certain to do 务必。。。
Make sure/certain that… = See to it that… （不可用将来时）
* a chain of a mountain chain = a mountain range
a chain store a chain reaction a chain smoker
* Cf. certificate
diploma
licence
107. challenge n. be faced with both an opportunity and a challenge
accept a challenge
vt. 挑战challenge sb. to sth. (challenge me to a race)
challenge sb. to do
质疑challenge sth. (challenge the data/the authority)
108. champion n. (sb) the world’s heavy weight champion
adj. a champion team
championship n. (sth) win a championship
* chance n. C = opportunity a chance to do
a chance of doing
U=possibility Sb. have/There is no chance of + n.
Sb. have/There is no chance of + one’s doing
Sb. have/There is no chance that…
Chances are (that)…
109. on Channel 8
110. character n. = personality * character(不用personality) training
characteristic n. = feature
adj. be characteristic of = be typical of = be unique to
* charge vt. charge sb. some money for sth. VS pay sb. some money for sth.
charge the battery
charge sb. with sth.
n. 费用the charge for admission service charge free of charge
掌管Cf. be in charge of
take charge of
be in the charge of
控告make a false charge
111. chase = run after
112. a cheap product Cf. a low price
113. check vt. Cf. check check the door locks/the correct answers/the shopping list
examine have my suitcase examined
The doctor examined him thoroughly.
examine the students on vocabulary/in English
test test the new sports car/medicine
test the air for radioactivity
test the students’ ability
n. Cf. check make a check on the data
examination a medical/physical/oral/written examination
test a blood test a nuclear test an IQ test
a test of a new medicine
stand the test of time
* chemical n.
adj. a chemical change
Cf. a chemistry teacher/book/lesson/lab/test
* in one’s childhood his childhood home
* choose vt. choose sth. from
There are many books to choose from.
choose sth. for sb.
choose sb. (as/to be) chairman = elect; make
choose to do
can’t choose but do
Cf. select
elect
choice n. make a careful choice of friends
a wide choice of goods
There is no choice but to do
* classify my books into three groups
classify my books by/according to subjects
* clean vt. Cf. clean clean the table
clear clear the table (of books) clear the road (of snow)
clear the rubbish clear the debts
The sky cleared up.
The problem cleared up. clear up a problem
adj. Cf. clean a clean table have a clean record
clear a clear voice/explanation/sky/fact
a clear view/space
be clear of traffic/debt
have a clear conscience VS have a guilty conscience
107. be clever with one’s fingers
108. cloth n. U 3 meters of cloth
C a table cloth
clothes n. (pl.) have many beautiful clothes
a suit of clothes
clothing n. an article of clothing
food, clothing and transportation
* by a strange coincidence What a coincidence!
* collapse = break down
* What color shoes do you prefer?
* combine vt. (sb.) combine A with B
vi. A combine with B
combined adj. be combined with
through our combined efforts
107. comfort vt.
n. words of comfort live in comfort
* commit vt. 犯commit an error/a crime/suicide/robbery
交付commit the patient to the hospital
commit a poem to flames/the fire/paper/memory
commit his body to the earth/flames
*communicate with sb. by means of e-mail
communicate sth. to sb. = convey sth. to sb.
a major means of communication
* compare vt. compare A with/to B
compare A to B
compare sth.
Compared with A, B still has a long way to go.
vi. A (can’t) compare with/to B
comparison n. make a comparison between A and B
by comparison
in comparison with
beyond comparison
Cf. opposite adj. the opposite way
n. the opposite (of sth.)
contrary n. on the contrary
contrast n. in contrast to/with
be in beautiful/sharp contrast to/with
a funny/sharp/nice contrast to sth./sb.
* compete vi. compete with sb. for sth.
competition n. U stand out in the keen/fierce/intense competition
in competition with sb. for sth
C join in/take part in/participate in/take an active part in a competition
competitive adj. a competitive person/society/spirit
a competitive price/product
* complain to sb. of/about sth.
make a complaint to sb. of/about sth.
107. pay compliments to sb.
108. be composed of = be made up of = consist of
109. conceal sth. from sb. = hide/hold back sth. from sb.
110. concern vt. 关系到The matter concerns all of us.
To whom it may concern
everyone concerned
担心；关心be concerned about = concern oneself about
as far as I am concerned
n. 担心show concern about/for
关心的事My first/greatest concern is your health.
concerning prep. = about; as to; as for; in/with regard to…
* in conclusion as a conclusion
* condition n. 环境;情景 under a condition = under a circumstance
Cf. situation 处境 in a favorable/awkward situation
形势；局面 the present political/social situation
状况 be in good/poor condition
the condition of weightlessness
working conditions/ housing conditions
Cf. state（抽象）情况 in a state of emergency/decline
心理状态one’s emotional state/one’s state of mind/ in an excited state
（物质）三态 exist in a solid/liquid/gaseous state
条件 meet one’s conditions
on condition that
111. conduct vt. conductor n. 注意词义丰富
112. confess vt. confess (to) sth. to sb.
confess (to) doing sth . to sb.
Cf. expose sth. to sb.
admit sth./doing sth.
113. be confident of/about sth.
have confidence in
114. confirm vt. 证实 confirm sth.(his theory/the news)
confirm that…
确认 confirm my belief
confirm me in my belief
107. conflict vi. conflict with sb./sth.
conflict n. a conflict of feelings/opinions
a conflict between them
be in conflict with
108. consider vt. 考虑 consider doing
All things considered, he has done a good job.
认为 consider sb .(to be/as) + adj./n.
be considered to do
considering prep. = given
Considering/Given his age, he has done a good job.
conj.
Considering that/Given that he is still young, he has done a good job.
Cf. considerate
considerable
take sth. into consideration = take sth. into account
109. constant adj. 不停的constant complaints/ noise / pain
固定不变的constant temperature / speed/weather
忠诚的a constant friend
Cf. continual 频繁的；反复的；陆续的 continual rain/invitations/complaints
continuous （时间空间）连续不断的 a continuous body of water
a continuous line of cars
continuous rain
* be under construction (be under repair/treatment/examination/way/observation)
Cf. be in progress
the construction site Cf. site
location
scene
110. consult sb. about sth.
consult a dictionary = turn to a dictionary = refer to a dictionary
= look up a word in a dictionary
111. Cf. contact vt. 联络contact sb.
touch vt. 触摸touch me on the shoulder
感动The story touched me.
涉及 The matter touches your future.
I’d like to touch on the topic.
Cf. contact n. 接触explode on contact spread by contact make eye contact with
联络make contact with sb.
be in/keep in/get in contact with
lose contact with
touch n. 触觉It feels cold to the touch.
联络be in/keep in touch with
lose touch with
be out of touch with
107. contain vt. 装着 The box contains my toys. The bottle contains some wine.
容纳 How much can this bottle/hall contain?
含有 contain a high level of carbon dioxide
include vt. 包括…为一部分 The toys include some of mine.
The price includes postage charges.
把…包括在内 They included me in the team.
Everyone should come here, including you and me.
, you and I included.
involve vt. 把…卷入/牵扯/连累 involve sb. with sb. involve sb. in sth.
(sb.) be involved with sb. (sb. ) be involved in sth.
(必然)包含;意味着 Winning the game involves both skills and fortune.
Taking the job involves traveling all around the world.
108. be contemporary with sb.
109. the content VS the form
a table of contents
(contents 常用复数)
110. continue sth. = go on with sth.
continue to do = continue doing
Cf. go on to do
go on doing
To be continued.
111. sign a contract with sb.
112. contribute vt. 捐助;提供 contribute a lot of money/some good ideas to the school
vi. 有助于contribute to good health/the growth of the suburbs
Cf. devote vt. devote time/energy/one’s life/oneself to sth./doing sth.
(sb.) be devoted to sth./doing sth.
专用于devote each Saturday/two pages/the space to sth./doing sth.
donate vt. 捐赠donate money/blood to a blood bank
donor n. VS recipient n.
* control n. U have control over sb./sth.
be in control VS be in the control of
be/get out of control
take/bring/have sb./sth. under control
control vt. (controlled, controlled)
* convenience n. at one’s (earliest) convenience
convenience stores
for the sake of convenience
convenient adj. Come to my office if it is convenient to/for you.
不能说 if you are convenient.
be located in a convenient place
113. convey sth from …to. ..= carry
convey sth.(an idea) to sb. = communicate
107. corner n. in the corner of the house/one’s mouth
at/on the corner of Road A and Road B
around the corner It’s just around the corner. You can’t miss it
The Entrance Examintions are around the corner.
See her appear/disappear around the corner.
vt. fight like a cornered animal
* correct one’s homework Cf. mark one’s papers
* cost vt. sth. cost (sb.) some money
Cf. It take sb. some time to do sth.
It take some time for sb. to do sth.
sb. spend some time on sth.
sb spend some time (in) doing sth.
cost sb. sth. = cause sb to lose sth.
n. at all costs = at any cost = anyway = anyhow
at the cost of = at the expense of
at one’s own cost = at one’s own expense
at cost price
108. Cf. country, nation, state
the country = the countryside
* a couple of 一对（可分）； 一两个；几个
* in the course of
take/do a course in economics
* cover vt. 覆盖cover the baby with a blanket Cf. wrap the baby in a blanket
cover an area of
(sp) be covered with sth.
掩盖cover up one’s mistake = hide/conceal
包含The story covers only 3 days.
The report covers all aspects of the problem.
走过cover 800 meters in 3 minutes
够用;够付Will 100 yuan cover the bill?
报导cover the Iraq War/the election campaign
n. a cover girl
from cover to cover
109. craft n. learn some old crafts
a spacecraft / many spacecraft
* crash vi. crash into another car = bump into = run into = hit
A vase crashed onto the ground.
n. be killed in an air/plane crash
fall to the ground with a loud crash.
Cf. crush vt. 压碎;压坏crush grapes/a tablet/my hat
smash vt.使粉碎 smash (up) all the windows
107. Cf. create God created the world.
create a character/a painting/a dress/a fashion
create a system/organization/state = set up
create confusion/an awkward situation/an effect = produce = bring about
invent invent the bell/the dictionary
invent a story/an excuse = make up
discover
produce produce cars = manafacture
produce fine crops/wheat/eggs = bear = give birth to
produce your licence = take out
produce a play/a book/a film
produce confusion/an effect
108. credit n. 信用; 贷款; 存款
109. crew集合名词用法
110. crowd n. a crowd of
a crowd gather/form around the scene
vt. (sp) be crowded with sth.
111. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
112. cultivate some plants = grow = raise
(= plant 表示瞬间)
cultivate a child = bring up a child = educate a child
* cure vt. cure me cure a disease cure me of a disease
(治愈)
Cf. treat me treat a disease treat me for a disease with a medicine
(治疗)
对待treat me well/like his daughter
认为treat me as his friend = think of = regard = consider = look on/upon
招待treat me to dinner = entertain me to dinner(= entertain me with a film)
relieve me relieve the pain/symptom relieve me of the heavy bag/work
(使宽慰) (减轻) (减轻)
n.C There is no cure for AIDS.
Cf. treatment U under treatment
C try different treatments for cancer
* be curious about be modest about be economical about
* current adj. the current year/ the current chairman
current affairs
the current issue of the magazine
Doing sth. is current. = fashionable
Cf. latest
recent
n. an electricity/air/warm/cold current
* custom n. Cf. custom
habit
Cf. custom
Customs
107. cycle n. the cycle of the seasons the business cycle
= bicycle
vt. 使…循环cycle sth.
vi. 循环
骑车cycle to work
Cf. circle vt./vi. 环绕
recycle vt.
* Cf. dairy (dairy products) diary (keep a diary) daily
* Cf. damp
wet
108. danger n. be in danger
save sb. out of danger
a danger signal a danger zone
a danger to sb. = a threat to
dangerous adj. a dangerous tiger
Cf. a girl in danger
*Cf. need 情态 直接否定,疑问
无任何时态变化
只加动词原形
不用于肯定句
行为 need + to do
+ doing = to be done
+ n.
dare 情态 直接否定,疑问
有过去时(dared) ,但无第三人称单数
只加动词原形
可用于肯定句 dare say
行为 dare + to do
否定时to可省 (doesn’t dare to do = doesn’t dare do)
109. in the dark
110. dash n. 短跑; 一笔; 猛冲; 破折号
111. deal vi. how to deal with VS what to do with
n. make a deal with sb. = make a bargain with sb.
* debate n. Cf. debate
quarrel
argument
112. deceive sb. into doing sth. = cheat sb. into doing
persuade sb. into doing = persuade sb. to do
tempt sb. into doing
107. decide on sth.
decide against sth.
108. decline vt. Cf. decline decline the offer/invitation/gift
refuse refuse the offer/invitation/gift
refuse sb. sth. = refuse sth. to sb.
reject reject the offer/invitation/gift
reject a job candidate
be rejected by the army for his poor eyesight
rejected products/ fruit/paper
turn down
vi. Cf. reduce vt.
109. decorate sp. with sth.
fill the bottle with water
crowd the bag with books
line the streets with cars
110. decrease vi. Cf. reduce vt.
111. defend vt. Cf. defend 保护 defend myself (from/against a drunken man)
保卫(武力) defend our motherland against attack
捍卫 defend one’s ideas/right/claim
防守 defend well in the match
protect protect my eyes from the sunlight/the rain/the cold
preserve 保护(历史价值的古老东西)
preserve the old temple/our culture/the dying language
保存食物preserve fruit in sugar/salt/cans
保持;维持preserve one’s strength/eyesight
maintain 维持;维护maintain good health/world peace/law and order
维修maintain a car/road/house
remain 仍然是= is still
remain + adj.
+ n.
+ v.ed
+ v.ing
+ 介词结构
留下来 Some students remained after class.
剩下 Nothing remained after the earthquake.
留待 remain to be done/said
reserve 保留;储备reserve some money for future use = set aside = put aside
预定reserve a seat/ticket/room = book
保留reserve my comment/ my right to rufuse
112. be defined as
by definition
113. a definite answer
be definite about sth
114. degree n. get/receive a bachelor’s degree
37 degrees
a high degree of ability/civilization
to some degree = to some extent
107. delay vt. delay sth.
delay doing
Cf. delay The flight was delayed by a heavy fog.
postpone = put off The meeting was postponed/put off until next Friday.
n. after a delay of two hours
without delay
108. deliver vt .deliver newspapers/milk/mail
Cf. transmit information/a message/data
109. demanding adj. a demanding job
Cf. rewarding adj. a rewarding job = worthwhile
110. deny vt. 否认deny sth.
deny doing
There is no denying the fact that…
拒绝deny sb. sth. = deny sth. to sb. = refuse sb. sth. = refuse sth. to sb.
111. depart from sp. for sp.
112. depend on 依靠 = rely on = count on
depend on sb. for sth.
depend on sb. to do sth.
取决 It/That (all) depends!
be dependent on sb. for sth.
to do sth.
be independent of one’s wishes
gain/win/achieve independence from
one’s dependence on
113. deposit vt . 使沉积 A layer of soil was deposited by winds .
存放 deposit his bag in the cloakroom
储蓄
vi. 沉淀
n. 沉积物 There is some deposit at the bottom of the bottle.
存款
定金 charge deposit on sth.
114. depress vt. depress sb.
depress the market/sales/economy
depressed adj. (sb.) be depressed
a depressed market/economy
depressing adj. the depressing news
115. describe sth. to sb.
describe sb. /sth. as
beyond description a vivid/detailed description of sth
116. desert n.
desert vt. desert a house
a deserted house
* deserve vt . deserve sth.
deserve to do
deserve to be done = deserve doing (=need, want, require)
Cf. worth prep. be worth 100 yuan
be worth the efforts/the trouble/a visit
be worth doing (主动表被动)
n . the worth of friendship = value
a month’s worth of food
10 yuan’s/dollars’ worth of apples
worthy adj. a worthy professor = respectable
a worthy cause
be worthy of praise/consideration/attention
be worthy to be done = be worthy of being done
worthwhile adj. a worthwhile job = a rewarding job
It is worthwhile to do/doing
107. design n.
vt. 旨在 (sth.) be designed for sb. = be intended for sb. = be meant for sb.
(sth.)be designed to do = be intended to do (= be meant to do)
108. desire n. arouse /create a desire
satisfy a desire
a desire to do sth. a desire for sth . a desire that…(should) do
vt. desire sth. = want sth. = expect sth.
Cf. hope for sth. = wish for sth. = long for sth.
desire to do
desire that…(should) do
leave a lot to be desired = leave room for improvement
* despite = in spite of + n. = for all + n.
+ wh- 从句 (不可直接加that从句)
+ the fact that…
109. detail n. in detail VS in general
for further details
detailed adj. a detailed description
110. determine vi.
determined adj.
determine to do = be determined to do = decide to do = make up one’s mind(s) to do
111. develop vt. 发展 develop one’s English speaking skills
develop the store into a supermarket
develop one’s body and mind
develop one’s muscles = build up
开发 develop a new product / an estate / solar energy
养成 develop a habit = form = get into = build up
develop an interest in art/ a taste = cultivate
患病 develop a disease = catch = be affected by = be infected with
详述 develop an idea
冲洗 develop the film
vi. 发展,生长 develop from…into…
Cf. developing
developed
107. devote…to doing sth.:
look forward to /give time to / lead to / pay attention to / stick to / object to doing
* die vi. 时态 She has died.
She is dead.
She has been dead for 10 years.
She died 10 years ago.
die a glorious death (live a happy life)
Cf. die of a disease/cancer/a bad cold/a heart attack/shock
hunger/thirst/heat/cold
excitement/anger/sorrow
die from pollution/overwork/a wound in the chest
be dying to do sth.
be dying for sth.
Cf. dead VS dying
drowned drowning
sunken sinking
108. be on/go on a diet
a healthy/balanced/vegetarian/meat diet
* A differ from B in … = A is different from B in…
It makes a difference/makes no difference to me whether you come or not.
109. He is difficult to get along with.
hard, different, easy, fit, unfit, possible, comfortable … adj.后动词主动表被动
have some/no trouble/difficulty with sb./sth.
have some/no trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.
with/without difficulty
110. digest food in the stomach
Some books are to be digested.
111. Cf. digit a three-digit salary
number the number of the students in this school
figure (数据) according to official figures
外型;轮廓 the dim figure of a ship on the horizon
人型 see a figure approaching in the dark
身材
112. Cf. dim adj. 昏暗 in the dim light of a candle
模糊不清 a dim figure/outline/memory
faint adj. 微弱 a faint sound/ smell/breath
I don’t have the faintest/slightest/vaguest idea wh-…
暗淡 a faint color
vi. 昏
vague adj. 含糊;不明确 a vague plan/answer/idea/memory
vague knowledge about Shakespeare
I don’t have the vaguest idea wh-…
* dip vt. dip the pen in/into the ink
dip one’s finger in/into the soup
vi. dip into the sea
dip into a book
107. direct vt. direct sb. + prep.
direct sb. to do
adj.
adv. Cf. direct = straight
go direct home after school
fly direct to Shanghai
directly be directly related to each other
be directly opposite the store
come here directly
direction n.U have no sense of direction
go in the direction of the school
in all directions
under the direction of sb.
pl. follow one’s directions = instructions
director n. a board of directors
108. Cf. dirt
dust
earth
soil
land
* the disabled VS the normal
* the disadvantaged
* disappoint vt. disappoint sb.
disappoint one’s hopes
be disappointed at sth.
a disappointed look/expression/voice
a disappointing result
to one’s disappointment in disappointment
109. discipline n. establish/keep/maintain discipline
110. disconcert vt. 挫败 (sb.) be/feel disconcerted by sth.
扰乱. disconcert our original plan
111. be discouraged by sth.
discourage sb. from doing
encourage sb. to do
encourage sb. in sth.
an encouraging smile/encouraging words
107. have a discussion with sb. with./about/over sth.
a heated discussion
under discussion
* a heart disease (不用illness, sickness)
(during his illness/sickness)
die of a disease
suffer from a disease
spread a disease
prevent (不用avoid) a disease
catch/develop/be infected with/be affected by a disease
carry a disease/virus
conquer/defeat/fight a disease
* dislike sth. dislike doing sth.
Cf. like sth. like to do like doing
would like to do feel like doing
have a dislike for sth.
likes and dislikes
108. dismiss vt. dismiss an employee = fire = sack = lay off
dismiss the class/army
109. disorder n. U in disorder = out of order = in a mess
C suffer from a mental disorder
(dis)orderly adj. friendly, likely, lovely, lively…
110. be on display = be on show = be on exhibition
111. Cf. dissolve vt/vi.
melt
112. in the distance
from the distance
at a distance
a distant village = faraway = remote
be distant to sb.
a distant relative
* distinguish v. distinguish A from B = distinguish (between) A and B
= tell A from B = tell A and B apart
distinguish oneself = become famous = make one’s name= make a name for oneself
distinguished adj. a distinguished guest = an honorable guest = an honored guest
be distinguished for = be famous for = be well-known for
be distinguished as = be famous as =be well-known as
113. distress n . in distress = in sorrow
114. distrust n.U look on sb./sth .with distrust
vt.
trust n. 信任 be worthy of trust
command/enjoy one’s trust
have/put/place trust in sb.
hold a position of trust in the company
信托 a trust fund an investment trust
107. Cf. divide sth. in two / in half
divide sth. into two parts / into halves/ into two
Cf. divide the whole class into two groups
separate the first group from the second group
isolate the sick student from the rest of the class
108. divorce sb. = get a divorce from sb. = be divorced from sb.
109. see a doctor send for a doctor
110. domestic service/life
domestic products/affairs VS foreign
domestic animals = tame animals VS wild animals
* play a dominant role a dominant figure the dominant party
* double vi. 翻倍Sales doubled this year.
弯曲double up in pain
vt. double his salary within 5 years
adj. She is double my age. I want double the amount.
a double room/bed VS a single room/bed
a double chin/character
* doubt vt. I doubt his honesty.
= I doubt that he is honest.
I doubt whether he is honest. = I don’t know whether he is honest or not.
I don’t doubt that he is honest. = I believe that he is honest.
= I believe in/trust his honesty.
Do you doubt that…?
Cf. doubt sth. /that… 疑惑,不肯定
suspect sth./that… 猜疑是
question sth. = doubt sth.
question sb. on sth. 询问
doubt n. I have some doubt of/about/as to sth.
wh-从句
There is some doubt of/about/as to sth.
wh-从句
I have no doubt that…
There is no doubt that…
in doubt
111. be/come down with a bad cold
112. dozen 用法同 hundred, thousand…
two dozen eggs
dozens of eggs
Cf. two score eggs = two score of eggs
scores of eggs
be sold by the dozen
Cf. be sold in hundreds
107. a great drain on
The drain is blocked.
108. draw vt. 拉;拖; 拔 draw the curtain
draw me to her
draw water from a well
draw a knife/sword/nail
have one’s teeth drawn out /pulled out /taken out
Cf. pull pull a cart
pull out a tooth/nail
push push me forward on my way to succeed
drag (用力或缓慢)拖 drag the heavy table into the corner
(强迫)硬拖 drag myself out of bed reluctantly
drag the boy to the dentist’s
提取 draw some money from a bank VS deposit
画 draw his characters well
吸引 draw/attract one’s attention
draw a huge crowd to the spot
获得 draw a lesson/conclusion/a profit
109. dream of doing sth.
realize one’s dream of doing sth.
dream a dream
Cf. Your dream is likely to come true.
Your dream is likely to be realized
Your dream is possible to realize.
110. dress n. U = clothes in formal/casual dress
C 女裙a beautiful dress
vt. dress sb.
dress oneself
vi. She dresses well.
She dressed quickly to catch the train.
dressed adj. 动作She got dressed quickly.
= She put on her clothes quickly.
状态 She is dressed in a beautiful gown.
= She is wearing a nice gown today.
= She wears a nice gown today.
= She has a nice gown on today.
111. drill vi. 钻孔 drill a hole/ drill a tooth
反复操练
Cf. drill drill in English pronunciation
drill troops
exercise vi. 锻炼身体exercise more
n.C 练习 do exercises in English
操 do morning/eye exercises
U 锻炼 do/take/have some exercise
lack exercise
practis(c)e vt. 练习 practis(c)e sth./doing sth.
实习 practis(c)e Judo on your friends
practice n. It takes a lot of practice to…
put sth in/into practice
combine theory with practice
Practice makes perfect.
train vt. train sb. for the job
train sb. as a nurse
train sb. to do sth
training n. have no specialized/techical training
a training course/school
teach vt. teach sb. sth.
teach sb .wh- to do sth.
* drink tea/coffee/milk/beer/wine take medicine eat soup
a drunken man
be drunk
107. Cf. drip vi. 滴
drop vt. 洒 drop soup down his suit
掉 drop a book on the floor
降低 drop one’s voice = lower one’s voice
vi. 滴
掉落
降低 (price/wind/voice)
Cf. drip n. 滴
drop n. 滴
降落
* Cf. drought flood famine
* due to 常用表语
because of = owing to = thanks to = on account of用状语
108. a dull lesson = boring
a dull edge VS a sharp edge
a dull boy = a slow boy
不鲜明的a dull color/ a dull thunder/ a dull pain
109. dump rubbish on the road
dump low-quality products on foreign markets
* at dusk at dawn at day-break at mid-day at noon at night at mid-night
* It’s my duty to do
have no sense of duty
do one’s duty
the rights and duties of a citizen
on/off duty
duty free Cf. tax
107. Cf. each pronoun. >=2 个性
adj.
every adj. >=3 共性 特殊用法:
Not every man is honest.
= Every man is not honest.
every two days = every second day
= every other day
every few lines
108. be eager for sth.
be eager to do sth.
be eager that… (should) do
be eager in one’s studies
in one’s eagerness to do sth
109. earn/make a living
earn/win sb. the respect of all (不用gain/obtain)
earnings 用作复数 (如savings, findings, beginnings…)
110. Cf. on earth
on the earth
in the earth
* do sth. with ease = without difficulty
Cf. It is easy to find the answer.
The answer was found easily (= with ease).
Cf. Take it easy = Don’t worry.
Ttake your time. = Don’t rush.
* east n./adj. The sun rises in the east.
Cf. in the east of
to the east of
on the east of
完全倒装 East of the country lies a mountain.
= To the east of the country lies a mountain.
an east wind
eastern adj. in eastern culture/countries
111. economy n. domestic/national economy
economy class Cf. business class, first class
economics n. major in economics
economic adj. economic growth / situation
economical adj. an economical car/woman
be economical of/about
economist n.
112. Cf. edition the first/latest edition a paperback/pocket edition
a revised edition a rare edition
version the simplified version
editor n. the chief editor = the editor-in-chief
editorial adj. the editorial office/staff
the editorial section
an editorial article = an editorial
n.
* Cf. educate vt. educate sb.
educate sb. to do
train vt. train sb. to do / as/for
guide vt. guide sb. in their studies
instruct vt. instruct sb. in their studies
instruct sb. to do
receive higher education
well-educated adj.
107. Cf. effective
efficient
108. respect the elders
109. elect/choose/make/appoint sb .(to be/as) chairman
110. Cf. electric
electrical
111. element n. a chemical element
Life in London is made up of many elements.
the elements of success = the secret of success = the key to success
Cf. elementary in the elementary school = in the primary school
elementary, intermediate and advanced level
primary in the primary school
3 primary colors
of primary importance
my primary concern
112. an embarrassed expression
an embarrassing situation
113. in case of emergency = in an emergency
Cf. emergency an emergency exit/box/ward/brake/measures
urgent an urgent matter/call/letter/need
114. Cf. emotion n. stir/arouse our emotions
appeal to our emotions
full of emotion
feeling n. I have a feeling that something will happen.
Understand/hurt my feelings
sense n. a keen sense of smell/sight…
a sense of direction/duty/honor/music/humor/business…
lack common sense
make sense
mood n. be in a good/bad mood
be (not) in the mood for sth
to do sth.
humor n. have a good sense of humor
= mood be in a good/bad humor
be (not) in the humor for sth.
to do sth.
temper n. have a bad/hot/short temper
lose one’s temper
107. lay/put/place emphasis on sth.
108. create employment opportunities
109. flow into the sea = empty into the sea
be empty of VS be full of
end v. end sth. with sth.
end (up) with sth.
end (up) in prison/in failure
end (up) as a doctor
n. (sb.) put an end to sth.
(sb.) bring sth. to an end
(sth.) come to an end
at the end of
in the end
110. an endurance test
111. an enemy of/to VS a friend of
112. Cf. energy
power
force
strength
*engage oneself in sth./doing sth.
(sb.) be engaged in sth./doing sth.
(sb.) be engaged to sb.
The line is engaged/busy.
113. Cf. enlarge vt. enlarge one’s vocabulary
broaden vt. broaden one’s mind/view/horizon
expand vi. 膨胀Metals expand when heated.
vt. 展开expand one’s chest
expand its wings/the sails
vt. 扩大expand business/trade/economic ties
expand his article into a book
extend vt. extend the subway to the suburbs
extend the meeting another 20 minutes
extend a building/an athletic field
extend one’s hand to
extend help to
extension n. U the extension of the meeting/subway
C build an extension to the house
arrange a two-day extension to her holiday
Extension 123
extent n. 广/宽/长度 20 miles in extent
范围 I’m amazed at the extent of his knowledge.
程度 to some extent = to a certain extent
= to some degree = to a certain degree
extensive adj. an extensive knowledge of history
extensive reading
stretch vt. stretch a rope/a rubber band
stretch one’s arm/legs/potentiality
stretch the shoes/gloves
spread vt.摊,伸展,涂,洒 spread the map/the wet clothes/a new cloth
spread its wings = expand
spread a blanket over the baby
spread jam on his toast
spread salt on his steak
传播 spread the news/information/knowledge
spread a disease
107. enter for a contest = sign up for a contest
108. entertain sb. with sth. Cf. entertain sb. to dinner
places of entertainment
109. Cf. entire 整个 the entire mountain/ the entire morning = whole
抽象 in entire ignorance / an entire failure = complete = total
complete 完备,完善的 a complete set of tools
the complete works of Shakespeare
抽象 = entire = total
whole 整块,完整的 eat the whole fish/cake
整个 the whole world/family
the whole morning = entire
total adj.总数的 the total amount
抽象 = complete = entire
n. work out the total
* entitle vt. 取名entitle the book Money = call/name the book Money
= refer to the book as Money
使某人享有权利 entitle sb. to sth.
使某人有权利做 entitle sb. to do sth.
Cf. qualify vt. qualify sb. for sth.
qualify sb. to do sth
qualify sb. as…
* protect the environment
the environment/the surroundings in which a child is brought up
* equal adj. (大小,数量，程度)相等be equal to
平等be born equal
equivalent adj.等值的 What is 7 dollars equivalent to in RMB?
相当的 = equal
107. equip(equipped, equipped)
vt. equip sp. with sth . Cf. install sth. in sp.
equip sb. for sth. = prepare sb . for sth.
equip sb. to do = prepare sb. to do sth.
108. erect vt. erect a monument = build
erect a tent/ a flagpole = set up = post (up)
109. Cf. error
mistake
fault
110. escape v. 逃跑 escape from a burning house
escape from reality
escape doing
escape my attention/my lips/my memory
逸出 Gas is escaping from/out of the hose.
n. have a narrow escape
an escaped prisoner (a retired worker)
111. Cf. especially
Specially
112. It’s essential/important/necessary that …(should) do
113. establish a company = start = set up= found
establish a system/rule/law = create = form
114. estimate vt. estimate his age at/to be 30
It is estimated that…
* Cf. everyone VS every one
anyone any one
no one none
115. 要B exchange A for B = trade A for B
replace A with B = substitute B for A = B substitute for A
exchange seats/gifts/opinions with sb.
* excuse vt. excuse sb / sth.
excuse sb. for doing sth. = excuse one’s doing
Cf. forgive vt. forgive sb. /sth.
forgive sb. sth. = forgive sb. for doing sth.
excuse n. find an excuse for sth.
invent/make up an excuse
* expect vt. 期待; 预料 希望 希望
expect sth. wish for sth. hope for sth.
expect too much of sb.
expect to do wish to do hope to do
expect sb. to do wish sb. to do
expect that… wish that + 虚拟 hope that…
Cf. He is younger than I expected.
than expected.
than was expected.
He came back earlier than I had expected.
than expected.
than had been expected.
* expense n. at the expense of = at the cost of
at one’s own expense = at one’s own cost
living expenses = living cost = the cost of living
spare no expense to do
cut down on expenses
Cf. fee n. 会费;入场费an admission fee/ a club fee/ a membership fee
酬金 a doctor’s fee/a lawyer’s fee / a fee for consultation/ tuition fees
= tip
fare n. 车费
charge n. 费用the charge for admission service charge free of charge
掌管Cf. be in charge of
take charge of
be in the charge of
控告make a false charge
* experience n. U (in)
C
Vt. = go through = undergo
(in)experienced adj. (in)
107. experiment n. make/do/conduct/perform/carry out an experiment on
be proved by experiment
vi. experiment on/with sth.
108. an expert in/on/at a specialist in
be expert in sth./doing sth. be specialized in sth.
109. exploit vt. exploit natural resources = develop
exploit one’s skills/talents/friends/authority = make use of = take advantage of
exploit the poor
110. explore the unknown / the moon
111. expose sth to sth. (the wind/rain/dangers/the sunlight)
She was sleeping, with her arms exposed to the air.
expose the secret/his identity to sb.
expose children/oneself to the language
107. express n.
expression n. wear a delighted expression on his face
beyond expression
an expression of politeness
108. be threatened with extinction
109. catch one’s eye = catch/draw/attract one’s attention
do eye exercises
keep an eye/a close eye on sth.
see sth .with one’s own eyes
with jealous/sleepy eyes
the eye of a needle
110. face n. in (the) face of
face to face
look sb. in the face
v. The room faces south. = faces to the south.
A problem faces us. = We are faced with a problem.
We should face the problem bravely. = face up to a problem
face the music
111. fail vi. fail (in) a test
fail to do
Her health is failing. = She is failing in health.
failure n. one’s failure to do sth.
112. Cf. 修饰比较级和too 语序 意思
fairly a fairly hard problem 正好
rather rather too tall a rather hard problem 太过了
rather taller than I rather a hard problem
quite a quite hard problem
quite a hard problem
113. faith n. 信任 put/place one’s faith/trust in
lose one’s faith/belief in God
have blind faith in what she says
信念 Faith moves the mountain.
* sb. be familiar with sth.
sth. be familiar to sb.
114. fancy n. 幻想live in a world of fancy
喜爱;迷恋 have a fancy for sth.= take a fancy to sth
*It’s fashionable to do sth.
* do sb. a favor = do a favor for sb.
ask a favor of sb.
115. feature n. a feature on the Olympics
the features of the city
vt. feature sth.
feature sb.
116. feed vt. feed a dog on meat
feed meat to a dog
vi. feed on = live on
be fed up with
feed back
107. a fierce animal
fierce heat/anger
fierce competition
108. fight sb/sth = fight with sb/sth = fight against sb/sth
fight for
fight one’s way (make/feel/find/lose/squeeze/wind one’s way…)
fight a fight
109. be filled with = be full of
110. Cf. find
find out
111. Cf. finish v. 吃完;喝完 finish the food/drinks = finish up = finish off
complete v. 填好 complete an application form = fill in = fill out
完工;竣工 complete a bridge
使…完备 complete my set of Shakespeare
Cf. finished adj. 完成了的 a finished product
complete adj.
112. fire n. C make/build/lay a fire
light/start a fire
put out a fire (the fire) go out
U play with fire
be on fire = be in flames
catch fire
set fire to sth. = set sth. on fire
insure my house against fire
113. firm 坚定的 a firm faith
be firm in one’s belief
坚固的 on firm ground
a firm foundation
be firm on its feet
* first It is the first time (that) I have come to Shanghai.
It was the first time (that) I had come to Shanghai.
In 1990, I came to SH for the first time.
When I saw her for the first time, she was still a little girl.
The first time I came to SH, she was still a little girl.
at first sight
114. fit adj. be fit for the job = be suitable for the job
The water is not fit to drink.
It’s not fit for sb. to do
keep fit = keep healthy
vt. The dress fits you perfectly.
The key doesn’t fit the lock.
Cf. The dress doesn’t suit you, as you are too young for such a style.
The dress matches your shoes well.= go with
The dress matches the color of your hair/eyes.
The dress doesn’t match your age.
fit a speech to the occasion
Vocational training will fit you for a job. = prepare = qualify
fit you to do the job. = equip = prepare = qualify
vi. fit in with
107. Cf. float vi. sth. is floating in the air/on the surface of the river
a floating bridge/ floating population/ floating votes
flow (flowed, flowed) vi. Water/River/Crowd/Traffic is flowing.
n. the flow of blood/water/traffic
flutter vi. Flag/Curtain/Flowers/Leaves flutter
vt. flutter the wings
108. fold sth. up
He stood there, with his arms folded across his chest.
folding chair/screen
* follow sb. be followed by sb.
follow one’s advice/the rules
It doesn’t follow that…
as follows
on the following day = on the coming day = on the day to follow = on the day to come
109. focus n. adjust the focus
in /out of focus
the focus of attention/the argument
vi. focus (one’s attention) on = concentrate on
110. fool vt. fool sb. into doing sth. (= cheat/persuade sb. into doing)
n. He is no fool.
be fool enough to do
make a fool of sb. = make fun of sb. = play a joke on sb.
Cf. foolish
stupid
simple
* be for sb./sth. VS be against sb./sth.
for all = in spite of = despite
for free
for fun/pleasure or on business
for good = forever
He looks young for his age. = He doesn’ t look his age.
for sale Cf. on sale
for the sake of
for the good/benefit of
111. Cf. force sb. to do
oblige sb. to do
107. Cf. form in the form of
take the form of
style hair style
life style
writing style
a Japanese-style conversation
manner
way
108. the former VS the latter
Cf. formal
former
Cf. former our former English teacher
previous in the previous line
* back and forth
* be free from/of worry and trouble
free of charge
be/feel free to do
set …free = release = free
for free
freedom of speech
freedom from care
the freedom to do sth.
109. Cf. frozen food
freezing point
freezing cold
110. make friends with
be friends with
be friendly to
in a friendly way
111. Cf. from then on 一般过去时
since then 现在完成时
from now on 一般将来时
112. fruit bowl
113. Cf. fuel
fume
flame
frame
114. It’s great fun doing
Cf. fun
funny
115. furnish sp. with sth. (= equip, crowd, fill, line)
a piece/article of furniture
* Cf. in future
in the future
* No pains, no gains.
* a close game
play a losing game
107. gather around sp.
108. have a talent/gift for
捐赠make a gift to the library (不可用present)
* a gold ring a gold fish a gold medal
golden hair the golden rule about
109. It is no good/use dong
Is it any good doing?
Cf. The more you read, the more good it will do (to) you.
The more you read, the better it will be.
110. a university graduate
graduate from a university = be graduated from a university
the graduation ceremony
111. Cf. a grammar book/school
a grammatical rule/error
* grasp vt. grasp the boy by the collar
grasp the main idea
n. take a firm grasp on the rope
have a thorough grasp of the issue = understanding
112. express one’s gratitude to sb. for sth.
out of gratitude
* grave adj. 严肃的in a grave voice a grave situation
重大的a grave problem/decision
gravity n. the gravity of the situation/problem
the force of gravity the centre of gravity
*be greedy of/for sth.
be greedy to do
113. greetings = regards= wishes= compliments
give/send/offer/extend my greetings to sb.
* grief n. U be in deep grief die of grief
C a grief to the family
* group vt. 聚集 group the students to take a picture
分组；归类 group the books into three fields
vi. 聚集 group around the teacher = gather around
n. group singing/discussion/therapy
114. a growing population
enjoy a growing popularity
in the growth of
the growth rate
115. on guard
107. guess right/wrong
108. the guest team VS the host team
109. under the guidance of
TV guide a tourist guide
* have a guilty conscience VS have a clear conscience
be guilty of VS be innocent of
110. Cf. habit develop/form/build up/cultivate/get into a habit
have/be in the habit of doing
get rid of/get out of/break away from a habit
break sb. of a habit
make it a habit to do
out of habit (out of gratitude/out of curiosity)
hobby take up/go in for/pursue a hobby
111. one and a half years = a year and a half
cut it in half = cut it in halves
half the amount = half as much as sth.
give up halfway
112. give/lend sb. a hand with sth.
be written by hand by written with the left hand
be short of hands
hand in hand
on the other hand
shake hands with
from mouth to hand
* handle the food handle the vase with care
handle the problem = deal with
113. hang (hanged, hanged) vt.
hang(hung,hung)
vt. The picture was hung on the wall by Mary just now.
vi. On the wall hangs a picture.
On the wall is hanging a picture.
There is a picture hanging on the wall.
114. happen vi. Cf. happen
take place
occur Rain seldom occurs in this area.
Two misprints occur on this page.
sb. happen to do
It (so) happen that…
115. be good/bad/cruel/kind…to sb.
be hard on sb.
be strict with sb.
* hardly/scarcely/seldom/barely….when…
no sooner…than…
116. a hardworking child = a diligent child
succeed through hard work
succeed by working hard
107. have sb./sth. do
have sb./sth. doing
have sb./sth. done
have sb./sth. to do
108. head vt. head the Party/the crowd/the list
head the boat out to sea/head the boat for the shore
vi. head for the school = make for the school = go in the direction of the school
head home
109. heap n. a heap of clothes on the floor / a heap of rubbish
a heap of difficulties = many
vt. heap these bricks up
vi.
110. I won’t hear of that. = I don’t allow that.
Cf. hear sb. /sth.
hear of/about
hear from sb.
111. have heart trouble/disease
die of a heart attack/die of heart failure
lose heart (不是lose one’s heart)
* the heavens = the sky VS the earth
* a heavy blow/rain/drinker/smoker
traffic is busy/heavy is here.
heavy damage/loss/responsibility/punishment
with a heavy heart VS with a light heart
112. hesitate about/over sth.
hesitate to do
without (a moment’s) hesitation
113. hide sth. from sb. = conceal/keep back sth. from sb.
be hidden from view
a hiding place
* Cf. adv. jump high think/speak highly of
go deep into the sea be deeply moved
come closer to me be closely related / be closely examined
* Cf. hire a boat/bike by the hour
hire an employee/five more hands = employ
rent a house
borrow a bike (for free)
* Cf. a historic event/site/spot/battle/building
a historical novel/background/ historical research/studies
a history teacher/lesson/book/test
a case history
Cf. Chinese history the history of China
American literature the literature of America
the English language
107. hold vt. hold sth. in her hands
hold yourself still/ hold the door open for me
hold 800 people = seat
hold a large estate/an important post/a title
hold one’s breath/anger
hold a meeting
hold strange ideas
108. on holiday/vocation
109. honor n. U win honor for
show honor to sb. = show respect for sb. show an appreciation of sth.)
in honor of (in memory of)
do sb. the honor of doing
have the honor of doing/to do
C She is an honor to our school.
It’s an honor to do
pl. graduate with top honors
honorable adj. respectable
110. Cf. hook
hoop
111. hope n. There is no hope/chance/possibility of sth./doing sth.
There is no hope/chance/possibility that…
hope vi. I hope so. I hope not.
I fear so. I fear not.
I guess so. I guess not.
I am afraid so. I am afraid not.
I say so. I don’t say so.
I think/believe….so. I don’t think/believe…so.
I think/believe…not.
112. Cf. house
household n. 一家人
adj. household appliances/chores/accounts
home
family 家庭; 家人
* 人类 man, mankind, (humanity)
humans, human beings
humanity n. U 人性; 人类
113. hunt tigers/hunt big game
hunt for a job = look for = search for = be after
114. identify the flower/the dead body
identify sb./sth. as your own
an unidentified body/an unidentified flying object
make a fingerprint identification
ID card = identification card = identity card
107. an ignorant fellow VS learned, knowledgeable
be ignorant of
Cf. ignore ignore the traffic rules/my advice
neglect neglect one’s duties/health/family/ one’s meals and sleep
neglect to do = neglect doing
overlook (由于粗心)忽略 overlook a spelling mistake
原谅 overlook my fault
俯瞰 overlook the whole city
监视;监管 overlook many employees
108. Cf. ill
Sick
109. Cf. illustrate the theory with a picture/many examples
explain sth. to sb.
illustration n. give an illustration of sth.
by way of illustration
a book full of illustrations
* image n. improve one’s image
Her image remains fresh in my mind.
have a false image of China = idea
Cf. image n.
imagine vt. imagine sth./doing /one’s doing
Cf. imaginable every imaginable means = every means imaginable
imaginary
imaginative an imaginative story/writer
have a vivid/active imagination
beyond imaginable
110. immediate adj. 立即 an immediate answer/take immediate action/
have an immediate effect
直接 = direct an immediate cause/leader
贴近 the immediate future
111. be patient of sth.
be patient with sb.
112. Cf. personal
private
individual adj.
n.
113. Cf. It’s (im)possible for sb. to do
It’s (im)possible that…
adj. find it possible to do
the best possible performance = the best performance possible
a possible accident
if possible
as…as possible
It’s highly (im)probable that…
adj. a probable candidate for minister
It’s (un)likely that…
Sb. is (un)likely to do
There is (un)likely to be…
adj. a likely result
adv. He will very/most/quite likely pass the exam.
107. Vt. impress sb. (well/deeply/favorably/badly…)
impress sb. with sth.
as sth.
(sb) be impressed by/with/at sth./sb.
n. give sb. an impression
leave/make an impression on sb.
What were your first impressions of SH?
108. improve vt./vi. Cf. improve
increase
advance
develop
As her health improves = With her health improving = With her improving health
Improvement n. make improvements in
an improvement on/of/over sth.
room for improvement
109. Cf income
salary
wages
110. Cf. indicate 表示;指出 indicate the need of practice
indicate interest/one’s feelings
象征;预示 indicate illness
标示 indicate the way to the park
indicate the time left
indicate my blood type
111. inform sb. of/about sth. remind sb. of
accuse sb. of
rob sb. of
assure sb. of
keep sb./oneself well-informed of
inform sb. to do
inform sb. that…
give/offer/provide information on/about sth.
collect/gather information
an informative book/person
* inherit sth. from sb. VS leave sth. to sb.
* in ink = with a pen
* Cf. insist that + 虚拟 “坚持要去做” suggest that + 虚拟 “建议要去做”
insist that + 真实 “坚持认为” suggest that + 真实 “表明;暗示”
Cf. insist on 坚持认为要去做
stick to 坚持原则 stick to one’s promise/principle/idea/viewpoint
坚守岗位 stick to one’s post
忠诚 stick to one’s friends
persist in 固执己见;刚愎自用
persevere in/at/with one’s work/studies (工作/学习)坚持不懈
* Cf. initial 首字母 an initial letter
最初的 the initial stage the initial symptoms of the disease
original 原本的 the original plan the original inhabitants
原版的 the original edition/story
former
previous
(primary
elementary)
* inspire sb. to do
* instant coffee/noodle
the instant/the moment = as soon as
* intend to do
intended to have done = had intended to do
(was to have done/would like to have done/would rather have done
hoped/wished/meant/planned/wanted to have done = had hoped/meant… to do)
intend sb. to do
have an intention to do = have an intention of doing
107. interest sb. in sth.
arouse/cultivate/lose interest in sth.
have/take/show an interest in sth.
topics of common interest = interesting topics
with interest
an interested reader an interesting book
108. at intervals of 20 minutes/miles = at 20-minute/20-mile intervals
109. introduce sb. to sb.
introduce sth. to/into Shanghai
110. perform well at the job interview
interview sb. about sth.
111. invest (all his savings) in stocks
make an investment of $100,000 in a certain business
112. be (in)visible to sb.
113. Cf. inviting the inviting smell of the dishes
attractive
charming
107. a (ir)regular route/meeting/customer/visitor
regular hours/habits
the regular army
regular teeth/features
108. issue vt. 发行issue stamps/coins/stocks
出版issue the magazine weekly
发布figures/the statement issued by the government = released
n .(有争议)问题 a political/economic issue the Taiwan issue
一期the latest issue of the magazine
发行an issue of licences/stocks
109. Cf. item I love the last item of/on the program.
program
performance the night permance
give two performances every day
the performance of the machine/interviewee
110. jam vt.塞进jam my clothes into the suitcase = squeeze
vi. 挤进jam into/onto a crowded bus = squeeze
Cf. squeeze vt./vi. 挤进;塞进 = jam
Vt. 拧;挤;榨squeeze out my wet clothes/a lemon
Vt. 榨取squeeze the juice out of /from a lemon
n. be caught in/get stuck in a traffic jam
111. Cf. jewel C machine poem appliance
jewelry U machinery poetry equipment
112. join vt. join the club/the army
join them in the game
join in the game/activity = take an active part in = participate in
be joined to/with = be connected to/with
Cf. combine/relate/associate...
joint adj. a joint venture our joint property our joint efforts
n.关节
* Cf. be jealous of 妒忌
envy 羡慕
113. Cf. journey n. make/go on a journey to SH
a 40-minutes journey on the way
vi. be ready to journey to the ends of the world
trip n . make/go on a trip to SH
go on a fishing trip
make a trip from home to office every day
tour n. make a tour of/around China/the world
make a lecture tour/concert tour
make a tour of the factory/my new hourse
travel U like travel very much
pl. come back from her travels abroad
read and write travels
voyage
107. Judging from/by…
108. junior/senior/superior/inferior to
109. jump the fence = jump over the fence
high jump long jump
110. be keen on sth. = be crazy about sth.
be keen to do = be anxious/eager to do
be keen that…(should) do
have keen sight/hearing/observation = sharp
* 单复数: this kind of tree this kind of trees trees of this kind
kind of + adj. = a bit; a little
111. have a knack for/of doing sth.
112. knock on/at the door
knock down an old man
Cf. run over
113. There is no knowing…
Cf. know
know of/about
a knowledge of first aid
acquire/get/obtain/gain knowledge
114. lack sth. = be short of sth. = be lacking in sth.
The/A lack of water …
for/through lack of
* Cf. lane fast/slow lane
No. 123, Lane 345
road
way go/come/run all the way to SH
route take the cheapest/shortest route
path
avenue
115. last (for) 2 hours = go on = run
Cf. the last (one) to leave the room 主动用不定式做定语
the last thing done 被动用过去分词做定语
He is the last person I want to see.
116. Cf. late adj. 迟到be late for the meeting be late by 5 minutes be late with one’s work
(时间上)晚的 VS early
in the late afternoon/in the late 20th century
in late spring/in her late 20s
adv. come to school late
later adj. 较晚的 VS earlier
in one’s later life his later works
in later years take a later train home
adv. later on
latter adj./n. the latter VS the former
lately adv. = recently
latest adj. the latest comer
the latest news/fashion
adv. come to school the latest
107. launch vt. launch a rocket/ a submarine/ a ship
launch a campaign/a project/a venture = start
n. the launch of a rocket/ship
108. keep/maintain law and order
109. lead vt. lead us into/out of /across…
lead us to the station/ to a conclusion/to a clear understanding
lead you to do it again/to believe it
lead the precession/ lead his class in English
vi. lead to The road leads to SH.
= bring about = cause = give rise to = result in
110. vt. leak the news to him = give away = let out
vi. (water/gas/electricity) leak
n. smell a gas leak stop a leak in the roof
* lean on/against the wall
* leave sb./sth. alone/open
crying
closed/untouched/unfinished
on the spot
leave sth. behind
leave for
ask for leave
*give/deliver a lecture on make a speech
attend a lecture= go to a lecture (不能用join in)
111. be 30 meters long = be 30 meters in length
along a 30-meter length
*Cf.课 give sb. a lesson have a lesson
教训teach sb. a lesson learn/draw a lesson from
112. 更不用说let alone = not to mention = still more of (上文肯定)= still less of(上文否定)
let sb. do be let do
be to let (be to blame)
113. level n. a high level of ability/civilization
contail a high level of carbon dioxide
114. Cf. lie (lay, lain – lying) vi. 躺
位于 lie in/on/to = be located/situated in/on/to
lie (lied, lied – lying) vi. 撒谎
n. tell a lie
lay (laid, laid – laying) vt. 放
下蛋
107. life C 性命 save their lives
C/U 生活;生命 a matter of life or death
a form of life no sign of life
* lift vt. (sth. heavy) too young to lift the bag
too tired to lift my legs
Cf. raise the flag/one’s voice
* light n. cast/throw light on
vt. a lighted candle
adj. light rain/meal/music/reading/sleep/punishment
108. limit sth. to sth. = restrict sth. to sth.
reach the limit of my patience
set a limit to
There is a limit to what I can do for you.
a speed limit
* line n. wait in line
be in line with your idea = agree with
vi. line up
vt .line the students
Trees lined the river bank.
* 活过而不死live through the night/this winter
* load vt. load the ship with bananas = load bananas onto the ship
vi. 装货; 上客
n. take a load off my mind
* long for sth.
long to do
Cf. long before
before long
Cf. no longer = not…any longer
no more = not…any more
a long-held dream
set a long-term/short-term goal
109. be at a loss for words
be at a loss (as to) wh-从句
110. loud adj.
adv.
Cf. adv. aloud
loud/louder
loudly
* lower one’s eyes/one’s voice/the rent/the flag VS raise
* show loyalty to
be loyal to
* Luckily, … = It’s lucky that…
try one’s luck at
* drive sb. mad
107. mail n.U order by mail
vt. mail/post a letter to sb.
108. Cf. main main idea
the main road/street/dish/character
major a major subject
the major part of the work
重大;重要a major problem/writer/success/earthquake
chief
principal adj. principal food/rivers
n.
Cf. principle
* the majority of the students are …
*manage a firm/a house = run
I can manage = I can manage it.
manage to do
109. Cf. manner
manners It’s(不是They are) good manners to do sth.
110. Cf. mark 记号 make a mark where you have questions
the punctuation/quotation mark
分数 = grades
sign 符号 mathematical signs
招牌; 标志 a traffic sign a “No smoking” sign the sign of a store
手势 make a sign to us to be quiet talk by signs
迹象 a sign of good weather/life
signal 信号 a danger/distress signal a signal of emergency
signal fire/flag
scene 景象(有人在) terrible scene after the accident
现场 = spot rush doctors to the scene on the scene
(第几)场 Act I, Scene i
布景 behind the scene
scenery U 风景
view (某处所见)风景
视野 in/out of view come into view go out of view
观点 my view on sth in my view
一看 be worth our view my first view of SH
sight 景观 see the sights of SH
视野 = view
视力 have good/poor/long/far/short/near sight
看见 the sight of his mother
at the sight of
at first sight 第一眼就; 乍一看
catch sight of lose sight of
111. marry vt. Mike married Mary two years ago.
Mike married young.
married adj. Mike got married two years ago.
Mike got married young.
Mike has been married to Mary for 2 years.
Mike is married to Mary.
Mike is married with 2 children.
Mike dislikes married life.
107. 一大块a mass of clouds/earth
许多a mass of things/information masses of books/money
民众The masses are the makers of history.
mass production the mass media
* master and servant Cf. host and guest
master a language = command a language = have a good command/mastery of a language.
108. It doesn’t matter to me wh-... = I don’t care. = I don’t mind.
What matters to me/counts to me is…
109. Cf. mean to do
mean doing
Cf. meant to do
meant to have done/ had meant to do
(sth) be meant for = designed/intended
(sth) be meant to do = designed/intended
I mean what I say.
What do you mean by…
110. 单复同: means, species, series, works(工厂;工事)
by means of in this way
111. Cf. vt. measure the table (weigh)
vi. The table measures 3 meters by 2. (weigh)
Cf. take measures = take steps = take action
* Cf. mechanic
mechanical
*Cf. memorize
recite
remember
112. give sb. a message
leave a message for sb.
take a message
113. Cf. way a way to do/of doing
method a method of sth./doing sth
means
manner
114. Cf. mental
metal
medal
modern
model
107. a mild climate/punishment
108. mind vt. Would you/Do you mind my doing…?
if I do…?
Mind your head/your steps. = look out for = watch for = be careful of
n. keep/bear sth. in mind
have sth. on one’s mind 担忧
make up one’s mind(s) to do
109. do/work/achieve/create miracles/wonders
110. missing = gone = (lost = stolen)
111. mistake A for B
make a mistake about sth.
by mistake
112. vt. 混合mix A and/with B
混淆mix A and B up
vi A and B won’t mix
adj. be mixed together
混淆be mixed up
have mixed feelings about
n. a mixture of feelings/ a mixture of happiness and sorrow
a cough mixture
* Cf. model 设计;样式 the model of the year (for a car/motorcycle/washing machine)
a model plane a model house a model student
pattern 模式 follow the pattern of “the bigger, the better”
sentence patterns
the behaviour pattern of bees
图案
113. at the moment
for the moment = for the time being
at that moment
the moment = the instant = as soon as
114. Cf. more than 只可加: more than 200 students
more than my teacher
more than happy
rather than A rather than B 平衡
other than 除了
eg. Hard work rather than talents led to his success.
More hard work than talents led to his success.
You can’t succeed other than through hard work.
Cf. no more than no taller than no more intelligent than
not more than not taller than not more intelligent than
(You can’t learn a language overnight any more than you can get fat after a single meal.)
* the Rocky Mountains Mount Tai
* listen to music listen to the radio
* in the name of 以…的名义
Cf. be named
be named after
107. Cf. nation
state
country
land
108. natural resources
natural food VS synthetic food
natural smile VS artificial smile
It’s natural that…(should) do
for sb to do
disturb/break/upset/keep/maintain the balance of nature
the nature of
in nature 本质上
by nature 生来
109. Cf. near prep.
adj. in the near future a near relation
不能说 a near city
nearby adj. a nearby city= a city nearby
= a city near my house = a city close to my house
110. There is a need for sth.
There is no need to do
Cf. There is no point (in) doing sth.
It’s no use/good/useless doing
be badly in need of sth.
111. note down sth = write down = put down
make notes of sth.
take notes
notes to
112. have nothing/something to do with
nothing of Cf. something of
nothing like Cf. something like
113. notice sb./sth. do /doing/done
Cf. take notice of (take no/little/particular notice of)
notice
Cf. notice
note
give me a month’s notice
at short notice
wait for further notice
be worthy of notice
114. object to sth. = oppose sth. = be opposed to sth. =be against sth.
107. observe sb. do
observe the sky
observe Chrismas
observe the law/good manners
be under observation
108. occupy the whole room = take up
(sb.) be occupied with sth
in doing sth
Is this seat occupied/taken/vacant/available?
109. Cf. be opened to the public/to traffic
be open to the public/to traffic
be open to different opinions
the opening ceremony
110. operate on sb .
operate the computer
the operating room
do/perform/conduct/carry out an operation on sb.
under operation
111. have a good/bad/high opinion of sb/sth
112. be oppressed by
Where there is oppression, there is rebellion.
113. order vt. order sth.
order sb to do
order that…(should) do
n. give orders that …(should) do
for sb. to do
in the order of time in alphabetical order
in order out of order
place an order with a store for sth.
orderly adj. VS disorderly
114. Cf. origin the origin of the river
the origin of life on earth/civilization/Jazz
He is white/noble by origin
words of Latin origin
source the source of the river
the source of the information/money/trouble/SARS
resource
115. over the radio/phone
over tea/coffee
116. owe sth. to sb.
owing to
* pack sth .in/into sp. = pack sp. with sth.
sp is packed with sb/sth
117. have a pain in one’s leg
in great pain cry with pain
take pains to do = efforts
No pains, no gains.
Painful adj.
107. be/run parallel to
two parallel lines
108. pardon a fault = overlook= excuse = forgive
109. be particular about
in particular
Cf. particular
special
specific
peculiar peculiar behaviour
be peculiar to = be unique to
* a passenger train VS a goods train
* be at peace VS be at war
* be in a position to do
in position VS out of position
* presence n. one’s presence at VS one’s absence from
in the presence of
present adj. be present at VS be absent from
everyone present
the present situation
vt. present sb. with sth. = present sth to sb.
n. a birthday present
the past, the present and the future
presently adv. = now
= soon = before long
110. proceed vi. proceed to Rome/the next question
proceed with sth else
proceed to do
Cf. process n. in the process of
procedure n. legal procedures
the procedures for doing
* v. Cf. prepare sth.
prepare for sth.
prepare sth. for sb. /sth.
prepare sb./oneself to do
for sth.
adj. be well prepared for sth.
to do
n. without preparation
make preparations for sth /to do
111. propose a toast to your health
propose sth.
to do = doing
that
107. promise sth.
promise sb. sth. = promise sth to sb
promise (sb) to do
promise that
keep/break one’s promise to do
108. a portion of
the proportion of men to women is 4 to 3
109. be proud of = take pride in
110. Cf. psychology
philosophy
physiology
* in public be open to the public
* carry/publish/print an article/a feature
report the news
111. pump oil/air/water out of the well
pump air into the flat tyre
a stomache pump
* pursue vt. 追逐 pursue a thief = run after = chase = chase after
追求 pursue fame and pleasure = be after = seek (after)
(Cf. 寻找 look for = search for = hunt for = seek (for))
继续;从事 pursue one’s studies
pursue medicine = take up medicine
112. qualify vt. qualify sb. for sth
to do
as
vi. qualify for
to do
as
qualified adj. be highly/well qualified for/to do/as
qualifying adj. a qualifying match
qualification n. the qualifications needed for a job
* form a queue jump a queue
* quote sb. quote a line from
* range vi. range from…to…
eg. We have prices ranging from $ 1 to $ 1000.
n. a mountain range = a range of mountains
a wide range of interests/prices
within/beyond my range of vision/hearing/knowledge
Cf. vary vi. vary from person to person
113. Your letter reached me yesterday. (不能用get to/arrive at)
Cf. reach & reach for
shoot & shoot at
107. (sb) recall sth. = remember sth.
(sb/sth) remind sb. of sth
to do sth
that…
(sth.) bring back sth.
(sth) call up sth.
108. Cf. relax relax me/oneself relax my muscles relax my nerves
feel relaxed / a relaxed smile
relaxing music
refresh a hot bath/a glass of drink/the breeze will refresh me from exhaustion.
refresh one’s memory
feel refreshed
a refreshing breeze/bath
* regarding prep. = concerning =in/with regard to = as to/for
regardless of sth = without considering sth
Cf. despite/in spite of/for all
109. relate vt. relate his adventures to us
relate A to B
related adj. be related to
relation n. the relation between A and B = relationship
(pl) business/human/public/economic relations
a near/distant relation = relative
relative n. = relation3
relationship n. = relation1
110. remark on sth. = comment on sth
make remarks on = make comments on
111. resist the temptation/the police
resist doing
be resistant to cold weather
show resistance to
112. make a resolution to do sth.
carry out one’s New Year resolutions
a person of resolution
* Cf. rhythm the rhythm of the music/heartbeat
pace 一步 take 3 paces forward
步速 walk at a slow/fast pace
quicken our pace
keep pace with the times = keep up with the times
tone 音色 the tone of the piano
口吻;语气 speak in a kindly tone
the tone of the passage
tune 调子;旋律 dance to the tune
in tune out of tune
* risk sth
risk doing sth.
take/run a risk
a risky venture
* rob sb. of sth. Cf. steal sth. from sb./sp.
commit robbery
* sale n. on sale for sale
sales n. Sales are up this month.
adj. sales manager/department/figures after-sales service
107. satisfy vt. satisfy one’s curiosity/hunger/thirst/a need/wish/requirement/the demand for sth.
a satisfied smile
a satisfying result
far from satisfactory less than satisfactory
108. score a goal/point
109. keep sth. a secret = keep sth. secret
reveal/give away/let out a secret
in secret = secretly
110. serve v. serve the people
serve a purpose serve the intended purpose
serve coffee hot/black
serve as
serve to do
service n. be rewarded for his services to the country
the railway service
devote his life to the service of others
111. share sth. with sb.
share your opinion = agree to your opinion
have a share in the profits
buy shares
112. be shy/timid of sth/doing sth.
113. smell sth. burning
smell of milk/oil
Cf. smell good
smell well
114. spare adj. a spare tyre/room
vt. spare me a few minute Cf. save me a few minutes
spare several students for other work
饶恕spare the criminal
spare no pains/efforts/expense to do
Spare the rod, spoil the child.
115. speech n. C make a speech
U learn speech
the power of speech
by speech
107. sponsor = finance = fund = support by providing money
108. Cf. stable
steady
* be up to the standard VS be below the standard
set a standard meet a standard
109. stock sth in sp. = stock sp. with sth.
(sp) be well stocked with sth.
a good/new/adequate/large stock of books
in stock VS out of stock
110. Cf. still stand
stand still
111. be stranded in the mountains = be stuck in
112. strive for sth.
strive to do
113. suffer vt. suffer hunger and cold/ a heavy loss/ a drop in sales/pain/death
vi. suffer a lot/considerably/terribly
suffer from a disease/from overwork
suffering n.
the suffering (人)
114. supply sb. with sth. = supply sth .to sb.
supply and demand
enjoy a good supply of water
medical/office supplies
* survive the air crash
115. be supposed to do = should do
116. surround sp. with sth.
(sp) be surrounded by
the surroundings are …
117. have/show/feel sympathy for sb./sth.
out of sympathy
118. have/develop/cultivate a taste for
119. tend vi.趋向 tend to/towards sth.
tend to do
vt./vi照管 tend=tend to the patient = take care of =look after
Cf. tendency 趋向 have a tendency to/towards sth.
to do
trend 潮流 the latest trend
a new trend in English teaching
tide 潮汐
120. Cf. tense feel tense a tense boy a tense expression
a tense atmosphere
nervous feel nervous a nervous boy a nervous expression
the central nervous system
107. threaten sb./sth.
threaten sb. with sth.
threaten to do
a threat to
* ahead of time VS behind time
ahead of the times VS behind the times
in ancient/modern times
lose no time doing
give time to doing
Cf. at one time
at a time
It’s time for sth.
to do
we started.
we should start.
108. Cf. tip the tip of my finger/tongue
point a turning point
the freezing/boiling point
to the point VS off the point
on/at the point of doing = be about to do
109. on tiptoe
110. Cf. be tired of
be tired from
111. Cf. tough a tough steak
a tough job/task/game/guy
rough a rough sea = a fierce sea VS a smooth sea
a rough surface
* trace n. leave no trace in the room
vt. trace the animal = go after = run after
trace sth. back to = (sth) date back to
112. trap n. a mouse trap
set a trap
fall into a trap be caught in a trap
vt. be/get trapped in a tunnel
trap sb. into doing
113. trouble n. get into trouble
have trouble with sb./sth.
(in) doing sth.
take the trouble to do = go to the trouble to do
114. Cf. try to do
try doing
Cf. try sth. try the new dishes
try the case
try sth. on
try sth. out
107. up to the standard
It’s up to you to do
108. upset vt. upset the teapot
upset my stomach
upset my plan/the balance of nature
109. a room upstairs = an upstairs room
110. the very book/the exact book that I am looking for
the very best = much the best = by far the best
111. The old man/The trees are full of vigor.
vigorous men/plants
Cf. energetic
* vision n. 视力= eyesight have poor vision
远见a man with vision have a vision broaden one’s vision
幻想= dream; fantasy sweet visions of little girls
* visit sb. = pay a visit to sb. = call on sb. = drop in on sb.
visit sp. = pay a visit to sp. = call at sp = drop in at sp.
visit with sb. = talk with sb
112. vivid colors/lessons
a vivid performance/memory/description
113. wait for sb. = await sb.
wait for sb. to do
114. in the way
on one’s way to SH/becoming a star
by the way
by way of
come/go/run all the way
go out of the way to do
in a way
115. take the wheel = sit behind the wheel
at the wheel
* whisper sth in one’s ear
116. wild wild flowers/animals/desert
be wild about sth be wild with joy/anxiety
go wild
117. wonder v. wonder wh;
wonder at sth. = be amazed at sth.
n. the seven wonders of the world
work/do/create wonders
No wonder (that) = It’s no wonder that…
118. word n.C in a word
word for word
have the last/final word
U Word came that…
He sent word/received word of…
that…
U keep/break one’s word
* work n.C a work of art
U in work VS out of work
at work VS off work
works(单复同) a gas works 2 gas works
work vi. work on sb.
work at sth.
work on sth
work sth out
107. vt. sth .worry sb.
vi. sb worry about sth.
adj. sb. is worried about sth.
108. wrap a baby in a blanket = wrap a blanket around a baby
cover a baby with a blanket
109. Cf. wreck The ship was wrecked.
sink The ship sank into the water.
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