2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修1U4及答案 7页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修1U4及答案 ‎***阅读理解 Unless action is taken immediately,there is a good chance that all the oceans of the world will be dead by the year 2020.How can this possibly happen?‎ ‎    We have already seen that people allow all sorts of waste products to flow into the sea.It is almost impossible to measure how much waste water and industrial waste end up in our oceans,but we can find out how much oil is poured into them legally and illegally.It is illegal to pour oil into the sea close to the shore,but when a ship is many miles out to sea there are no such rules.Scientists have different ideas as to the amount of oil put into the sea,but the lowest figure for oil poured in European waters alone is nearly 200,000 tons every year.Some people say the figure could be ten times as high.‎ ‎    It is not only our coasts that suffer from oil pollution.Among other things,many shell fish (creatures which live in water,and have a hard shell)—oysters and mussels,for example—now have high amounts of poisonous substances.Next time you have shell fish to eat,how can you be sure that they are free from oil pollution?You cannot see the effects and you cannot taste them,either.It is really quite a problem.‎ ‎1.This passage is mainly about_____. A.pollution in the oceans B.the amounts of oil in the sea C.the amounts of poison in shell fish D.oil pollution in the waters 2.According to the passage,what is the main cause of oil pollution? A.Oil ships which meet and strike each other. B.Oil poured at sea when the oil tanks are cleaned out. C.Oil coming out of the bottom of the sea. D.Oil from waste water and industrial waste. 3.Which of the following is illegal? A.Pouring oil into the sea from land,especially when there is no other choice. B.Allowing waste materials to flow into the ‎ waters. C.Pouring oil at seaside. D.Going fishing when the water is polluted by oil.‎ 参考答案： 1.D; 2.D; 3.C 解析： ‎ 本文说明的是海水的污染问题之一:向海中倾倒油所导致的污染。如果不立刻采取措施的话,在2020年之前所有的海洋就极有可能都变成死水一潭。‎ ‎1.D 主旨大意题。本文说明的是向海中倾倒油所导致的污染。‎ ‎2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is almost impossible to measure how much waste water and industrial waste end up in our oceans...”可知,这些油来自污水和工业废物。‎ ‎3.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is illegal to pour oil into the sea close to the shore”可知选C项。‎ ‎***语法填空 The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held: gold, silver, jewels, and wealth beyond belief. Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their __1__ (value) treasure was threatened. Welf, the Duke of Bavaria, sat __2__ (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle. Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick, the Duke of Swabia, __3__ his brother, the Emperor Konrad, __4__ army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. ‎ Although the conquering commander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children, the wives in Weinsberg refused __5__ (leave) without having their own condition met. They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms __6__ as many possessions as they could carry out. Thinking that the women couldn't __7__ (possible) take much, they met their request.‎ When the castle gates opened, the army outside was brought to __8__ (tear): every woman was carrying her husband! Konrad assured the women of their husbands' complete __9__ (safe) and freedom. He invited them all to a banquet and __10__ (make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected.‎ Afterwards, the castle was known for women's loyalty.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　‎ ‎6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了德国Weinsberg城堡，该城堡以妇女的忠诚闻名于世。‎ ‎1．valuable/invaluable　考查词性转换。空处修饰名词treasure且表示“(极)宝贵的”，故用value的形容词形式valuable或invaluable。‎ ‎2．trapped　考查非谓语动词。动词trap和主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“(已经)‎ 被困城堡之内”，故用过去分词trapped作主语补足语，表明主语的状态。‎ ‎3．and　考查连词。根据语境可知，该句中的“Frederick, the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother, the Emperor Konrad”之间是并列关系，故用and。‎ ‎4．whose　考查定语从句的引导词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，army和先行词之间是所属关系，故用whose引导该定语从句。‎ ‎5．to leave　考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.为固定短语，表示“拒绝做某事”，此处表示，城堡里的妇女要求满足她们的条件，否则就拒绝离开。‎ ‎6．with　考查介词。fill (sth.) with sth. 为固定用法，意为“用……填满……”，故填with。‎ ‎7．possibly　考查词性转换。空处修饰动词take，故用副词形式。‎ ‎8．tears　考查名词的复数。tear为可数名词，此处构成固定搭配bring sb.to tears，意为“使某人流泪”，故用tear的复数形式tears。‎ ‎9．safety　考查词性转换。根据该句中的“complete ... and freedom”可知，形容词complete修饰空处所填词，空处与名词freedom为并列关系，故用名词形式safety。‎ ‎10．made　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“He invited them”及全文时态可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎***完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2019·海口调研)‎ My fiancé(未婚夫)and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinner.It __1__ as“our day”，but little did we know that it would turn into much __2__.I didn't want the whole day to be about wanting to __3__ the office for the upcoming(即将到来的)__4__ and I didn't want it to be just another romantic night for two，__5__ I decided to do something to make ourselves and others happy.‎ I began in small ways.I __6__ a few more coins into the food vending machines(自动售货机)at work for the staff，so that there would be something for the next __7__ worker.I posted smile signs in the hall which gave __8__ instructions on how to smile as __9__ entered the office，either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeting with their boss.I drafted some powerful words of inspiration on colorful strips of paper and decorated my __10__ ，so that any colleague who came by might just__11__ for a moment，read，and __12__ change their feeling.‎ When it came time for our lovely dinner to __13__ that night，I left the server a big __14__ and a wellwishing note for her to have a __15__ day.As my fiance and I were just about to leave our table，the waitress __16__ tears beside us.We asked her to __17__ with us and we just ‎ listened.As an emotional mothertobe，I __18__ along with her，too.Our table for two was now for __19__.‎ It was a day that was not __20__ ours，but it was the waitress'day，my coworkers' day，and now it's your day too!‎ ‎1．A.started　　　　　B．adapted C．disappeared D．finished ‎2．A.later B．worse C．more D．earlier ‎3．A.apply B．leave C．find D．stay ‎4．A.party B．picnic C．banquet D．dinner ‎5．A.if B．though C．so D．because ‎6．A.turned B．put C．made D．hid ‎7．A.full B．sleepy C．angry D．hungry ‎8．A.few B．clean C．clear D．puzzling ‎9．A.employees B．managers C．friends D．bosses ‎10．A.home B．office C．restaurant D．bedroom ‎11．A.stop B．run C．eat D．buy ‎12．A.never B．hardly C．frequently D．perhaps ‎13．A.change B．begin C．arise D．end ‎14．A.bill B．tip C．order D．menu ‎15．A.wonderful B．careful C．busy D．anxious ‎16．A.looked into B．came into C．made into D．burst into ‎17．A.stand up B．sit down C．go away D．stay up ‎18．A.smiled B．shouted C．cried D．cheered ‎19．A.three B．four C．five D．six ‎20．A.ever B．usual C．just D．even ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和她的未婚夫决定一起共进晚餐。在这本该属于他们自己的特殊一天里，作者却选择把关爱和欢乐一同送给同事、餐厅服务员、甚至是未曾谋面的陌生人，让爱和温暖滋润他人。‎ ‎1．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文的“but little did we know that it would turn into much ________”及下文内容可知，这顿晚餐一开始只属于我们。start意为“开始”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎2．C　考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段中的“but it was the waitress' day，my coworkers' day, and now it's your day too”可知，“我们”的这一天最后却变得更有意义，是更多人的一天。more 意为“更多”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎3．B　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指吃晚饭前先离开办公室。leave意为“离开”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎4．D　考查名词辨析。根据第一段第一句中的“a nice dinner”可知，此处指即将到来的晚餐。故选D。‎ ‎5．C　考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者不想这一天只属于她和未婚夫，她也想给他人带来快乐。本句与上句构成因果关系。故选C。‎ ‎6．B　考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，硬币应该是放入自动售货机。B项意为“放，安置”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎7．D　考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“food vending machines(自动售货机)”可知，此处指在自动售货机里放入多一些的硬币，是为了让下一个肚子饿了来买食物的同事有东西吃。hungry意为“饥饿的”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎8．C　考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“instructions”及上文中的“I posted smile signs in the hall”可知，此处指作者在大厅里贴出清晰易懂的笑脸示范。clear意为“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎9．A　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“right before a meeting with their ‎ boss”可知，此处应指雇员。故选A。‎ ‎10．B　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“any colleague who came by”可知，作者装饰的是办公室。故选B。‎ ‎11．A　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“for a moment，read”可知，路过的同事们看到激励的话会停下来读一读。故选A。‎ ‎12．D　考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，作者觉得这些激励的话可能会改变同事们的心情。此处表推测。故选D。‎ ‎13．D　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“I left the server...”可推知，此处应表示在晚餐结束要离开的时候。end意为“结束，终止”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎14．B　考查名词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，在离开之前作者给服务员留下了很丰厚的小费。B项意为“小费”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎15．A　考查形容词辨析。根据上文及“a wellwishing note”可知，作者的便条是祝愿服务员有美好的一天。wonderful意为“精彩的，绝妙的”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎16．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据上下文语境可知，服务员看到作者的便条感动得哭了。burst into tears意为“突然哭了”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎17．B　考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的“with us”可知，作者邀请服务员坐下来，听她倾诉。B项意为“坐下”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎18．C　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“As an emotional mothertobe”及语境可知，服务员突然哭起来，而作者作为一名感性的孕妇也陪她哭了起来。故选C。‎ ‎19．A　考查数词辨析。根据上文可知，作者夫妇和服务员一起坐着，因此一共是三个人。故选A。‎ ‎20．C　考查副词辨析。句意为：这一天已经不仅仅是属于我们的，也是属于服务员的、我的同事的而且现在也是你们的。just意为“仅仅”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎***短文改错 I'm writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to taking part in the English song contest to be held in next month. The song I've decided to sing was Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me anything about the background informations of the song. What's more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving myself some advice? Since you're native English speaker and expert in singing, I sincere hope you can give me a hand.‎ I would appreciate it whether you could send me a reply at your earliest convenient. Thank you in advance.‎ 答案：‎ I'm writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong ‎ desire to part in the English song contest to be held next month. The song I've decided to sing Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me about the background of the song. What's more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving some advice? Since you're native English speaker and expert in singing, I hope you can give me a hand.‎ I would appreciate it you could send me a reply at your earliest . Thank you in advance.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第二处：去掉next前的in　考查介词。表示时间的名词前面有last, next等修饰时，前面不用介词。故将in去掉。‎ 第四处：anything→something　考查代词。根据句意可知，应该是告诉“我”“一些事情(something)”，而不是“任何事情(anything)”。故将anything改为something。‎ 第九处：whether→if　考查连词。whether和if作“是否”讲，有时可以互换，但是此处应表示的是条件，意为“如果”，这时只能用if。故将whether改为if。‎