全国及各省高考英语试题单项选择分类汇编与解析1 30页

‎2010年全国及各省高考英语试题单项选择分类汇编与解析 一、冠词 ‎1.(北京卷35). First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second chance to make __ first impression.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 解析：本题强调的重点是：再有一次机会a second chance给别人留下第一印象，make a first impression,first为干扰因素。第二空还是表示泛指。‎ 句意：最初的印象最深刻。毕竟，你不可能再有机会给别人留下第一次印象的。‎ 若句意改变为：你没有机会去改变你的第一印象You never get a second chance to change the first impression。此处再填the就合情合理了。‎ ‎2.(福建卷21).It’s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives them ‎ pleasure.‎ A.不填，a B. a,不填 C. the ,a D. a, the ‎ 解析：good feeling并非特指，故用a；pleasure是抽象名词，无需冠词。句意为“人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐，这是(一)种不错的感觉”a good feeling：一种不错的感觉；give sb pleasure给某人快乐。‎ ‎3.(江苏卷 21). The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.‎ A.不填; a B. 不填;the C. the; a D. the; the ‎ 解析：第一空,来自社会各阶层的人不是特指,不用冠词；第二空,在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏。‎ ‎4.(辽宁卷22). There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.‎ A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the 解析：第一空in space 是固定短语，不用冠词，第二空名词earth属于独一无二的事物，其前必须用定冠词。‎ 句意：太空中有超过58,000的岩状物体，其中大约900有可能掉到地球上。‎ ‎5. (山东卷22). If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.‎ ‎ A.不填；the B.不填；a C. the; a D.the；the 解析：表示“某空间内部的前部”时，front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。‎ 句意：“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，就会有更好的视野。”‎ ‎6. (四川卷2). In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a ‎ 解析：most countries此处表泛指，most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为“一个高起点的开始”，故用a ,正确答案为D。‎ ‎7.(浙江卷2). Many lifestyle patterns do such __ great harm to health that they actually speed up ‎__ weakening of the human body.[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ ‎ A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /‎ 解析：对……有害用短语“do harm to”表示，中间不需要用冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形 表示抽象的名词，表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。‎ 句意：许多生活方式对人类的健康有害，他们加速了人类身体的衰退。‎ ‎8.(重庆卷27). Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.‎ A.a, a B.the, / C.the, / D.a, /‎ 解析：price意思是“代价”，为可数名词，第二空前边有no,后面的名词不用冠词，故选D项。‎ 二、名词和主谓一致 ‎1. (安徽卷25).I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond .‎ A.hearing B.strength C.recognition D.measure 解析：hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。句意为“……她变得认不出来了。”‎ ‎2.(湖北卷21). This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.‎ A. division B. area C. range D. circle 解析：此题不仅考察学生对于四个选项的认知，更重要的是要理解句子的含义。“这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群。”“a range of ”强调一个系列，而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”。正好符合题意。从句子结构来讲，这个句子属于典型的“从句套从句”。“for”引导原因状语从句，“that”引导定语从句。 ‎ ‎3.(湖北卷22).After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.‎ A.occupation B.furniture C.equipment D.accommodation 解析：512的汶川地震，414玉树地震。天灾“earthquake”相信是很多考生都准备过的一个话题。所以相关词汇“accommodation”表示“住处”应该是考生们准备的系列词汇之一。这道题难度不大，句子结构也相对简单。只要背过这几个词，知道“occupation”表示“占用”或者“工作，职业”；“furniture”表示“ 家具 ”；“equipment”表示“设备，器材”就能选出正确答案D了。‎ ‎4.(江苏卷22). The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.‎ A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization 解析：表示名声而expectation是期望的意思。Contribution是贡献的意思。Civilization是文明的意思。‎ ‎5.(江西卷35. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, ‎ a(n) of 40,000 per year.‎ A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity 解析：a number of 许多 amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数,但没有平均每年增加的意思。‎ ‎6.(山东卷33). Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.‎ ‎ A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter 解析：句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。‎ ‎7.(天津卷3).James took the magazines off the little table to make _______ for the television.‎ A. room B. area C. field D. position 解析：make room for是固定搭配，意思是“为……让空”的意思，其中的room是不可数名词。‎ 句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下来，为电视机腾出空间来。‎ ‎8.(浙江卷16).The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct __ .‎ ‎ A. solution B. target C. measure D. function 解析：四个选项：solution解决的方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。‎ 句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题，但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。‎ ‎9.(湖南卷33)Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. has D. have ‎ 解析：考查主谓一致。根据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，由此排除B、D两项，根据主语与caused的主动关系，排除A项 ‎10.(四川卷15)Such poets as Shakespeare widely read,of whose works，however,some ‎ difficult to understand.‎ A.are；are B.is；is C.are；is D.is：are 解析：考查主谓一致。主句中的主语应为poets,谓语动词用复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works，谓语动词也应是复数。故选A。‎ 11.(全国卷Ⅱ9)Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________evening dress.‎ A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn 解析：考查主谓一致和时态。首先the only one of ….为先行词时，定语从句修饰的是one，即one是主语，而非后面的复数women，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词应该用单数，排除A，D。另外，从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯，因此要用一般现在时，排除C，故选B。‎ 三、代词 ‎1.(全国I卷23). I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and ___ half learning drawing.‎ A. another B. the other C. other’s D. other ‎ 解析：此题考查another, the other, other, other's的形容词用法区别。other一般不单独使用，其前经常有冠词或其他形容词，如B选项的the other，one...the other..，用于一个整体的两部分“一个……另一个”，题干中将假期分成两部分，一部分用来学英语，一部分用来画画，符合题意。another用作形容词时表示“又，再”，other's没有此种用法。‎ 句意：我将会用假期一半的时间练习英语，另外一般时间练习画画。‎ ‎2. (全国II卷12.) Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth thing over between them。‎ A. others B. the other C. another D. one other ‎ 解析：neither含有“两者都不”之意，一方对应另一方，故用the other指“两者中的另一个”。‎ ‎3.(全国II 14). The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.‎ A. this B. that C. one D. it 解析：it作形式主语。真正的主语为for you to have a holiday。‎ ‎4.(安徽卷21).You are the team star! Working with _________ is really your cup of tea.‎ A. both B. either C. others D. the other 解析：句意为“你是球队明星！与他人合作必须是你喜欢做的事。”‎ 习语“one’s cup of tea”意为“the type of thing or person that you like”。‎ ‎5.(福建卷22). When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson could you please say for me ?‎ A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 解析：句子的意思是当你向Mr. John介绍我的时候，你可以为我说一些好话吗? A. everything 所有的；B. anything 任何事；D nothing 什么也没有 C. something表示一些，某些 ‎6.(江西卷27). Swimming is my favorite sport.There is like swimming as a means of keeping fit.‎ A.something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 解析：nothing like 没有什么象……比得上……。句子的意思：再没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了。‎ ‎7.(陕西卷12). The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.‎ A. that B. this C. it D. one ‎ 解析：所填词用于比较状语从句中，指代句子的主语cost，即指代不可数名词，用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物；it指代“同一物”；one指代“同类中的一个”之意。‎ ‎8.(四川卷7). On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. ‎ A. him B. his C. me D. mine 解析：考查代词。take a photo of sb意为给某人照相，此处应用人称代词的宾格。正确答案为C。‎ ‎9. (天津卷6)._______ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace‎ ‎Museum.‎ A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something 解析：nothing用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。‎ 句意：我一生中没有什么比我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻的了。‎ ‎10.(重庆卷23) He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again.‎ A. neither B. either C. each D. all 解析：由“his temper and health”可以排除C项和D项，由后面的never表否定，选either，never either是全部否定，相当于neither 。‎ ‎11.(上海卷27). If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on ‎ A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves 解析：主语为we，因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选D。‎ ‎12.(辽宁卷33). The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country.‎ A. so B. much C. that D. it ‎ 解析：it形式宾语，真正的宾语为for her to get a job in that country。‎ ‎13.(山东卷32). Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.‎ ‎ A. it B. that C. what D. one 解析：句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句，that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。‎ ‎14.(浙江卷14). __ that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.‎ ‎ A. One B. All C. Everything D. Anything 解析：分析四个选项的意思，根据语境：重要的是你正在努力并且朝着正确的方向前行。从而判断此处选择all意思最合适。‎ 四、形容词和副词 ‎1.(全国I 26). I have seldom seen my mother ________ pleased with my progress as she is now.‎ A. so B. very C. too D. rather 解析：这题考查的实际上是一个固定搭配not so as,不像……那样，seldom是一个否定词，相当于not。句意为：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步感到如此的高兴。‎ ‎2.(全国II 13). The island is ____ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.‎ A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally ‎ 解析：只要知道词义即可选出答案，该题较为简单。A.部分的 B.只不过 C.几乎 D.同样的，相等的。‎ ‎3.(全国II 20). Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been .‎ A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 解析：never/not加形容词比较级=形容词最高级。‎ 句意：布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他厂里生产的衣服从来没比现在更受欢迎过。‎ ‎4. (安徽卷31). _______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.‎ A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful ‎ C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic 解析：Shy and cautious意为“害羞的谨慎的；sensitive and thoughtful意为“敏感的与体贴的”； Honest and confident“诚实的与自信的”；Lighthearted and optimistic意为“愉快的与乐观的”。句意为“愉快与乐观的她，是那种通过微笑把阳光撒给他人的女士。”‎ ‎5. (福建卷23)—Volunteering is becoming popular in China .‎ ‎—Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.‎ A. naturally B. successfully C. splendidly D. increasingly 解析：只要知道词义即可得出答案。A. 自然地，理所当然地；B. 成功地；C.华丽地，壮观地；D. 逐渐地。‎ ‎——志愿活动现在在中国变得越来越受欢迎了。‎ ‎——是的，人们一直开始意识到帮助他人就是帮助自己。‎ ‎6.(福建卷32).Drunk driving, which was once a occurrence, is now under control.‎ A.general B.frequent C.normal D.particular 解析：A.一般的；B.经常的；C.正常的；D.特别的。理解词义后，根据生活常识可以得出答案。‎ ‎7.(湖北卷23).In the lecture, I can only give you a purely view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.‎ A. private B. personal C. unique D. different 解析：根据词义可以快速排除A和D。A表示“独特的”，D表示“不同的”，只有B和C比较接近。 “private”表示“私人的，私下的，“personal”表示“个人的”，personal view才能表示“个人观点”‎ ‎8.(湖北卷24)Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes .‎ A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile 解析：“worthwile”表示“值得的，有价值的”表示犯错误是值得的。A表示“喜爱的，赞同的”，B“珍贵的”C“本质的”，只要知道词义，并联系生活常识，该题还是很容易得出答案的。‎ 人之常情，我们只能说这个犯过的“错误”会变得“有价值”，却不能说“错误”是“essential(本质的)”“precious”（珍贵的）或者是“favourable（喜爱的，赞同的）”。‎ ‎9.(湖北卷25). If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my reaction will be to tell the police.‎ A.physical B.immediate C.sensitive D.sudden 解析：根据词义可得出答案。 “physical”表示“身体的”； “suddent”表示“突然的”； “sensitive”表示“敏感的”，只有 “immediate”表示“立刻，马上”，等同于 “at once”.故选B 句意：“如果我发现了任何疑似嫌疑犯的人，我会立马告知警察”。 ‎ ‎10.(湖北卷26).I wasn`t blaming anyone; I said errors like this could be avoided.‎ A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly 解析：“most”（大部分），所以“mostly”(大部分地，通常地)； “near”（临近）“nearly”（几乎）= almost； rare（稀有的）“rarely”（很少地，几乎不）；“mere”（仅仅，只 不过）“merely”（仅仅，只不过）。‎ 句意：“我并没有责 怪任何人，我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的”。‎ ‎11.(湖南卷22).Father________goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.‎ A. hardly B. seldom C.sometimes D. never 解析：A项意为“几乎不”，B项意为“很少”，C项意为“有时”，D项意为“从不”。句意为：“尽管父亲不喜欢去那儿，但他还是有时和我们一起去锻炼。”故选C项。‎ ‎12.(江西卷28). Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life and more ‎ , have reduced the need for face-to-face communication.‎ A. easily; efficient B. easy, efficient C. easy; efficiently D. easily; efficiently 解析：make +life+形容词,而且后面为比较级,所以说两个空同为形容词同为比较级 ‎13.(辽宁卷23). Jim went to answer the phone. _______, Harry started to prepare lunch.‎ A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile 解析：前后两个句子是相同的语义关系，在时间上表示同时，所以用meanwhile。‎ ‎14. ( 辽宁卷27).We only had ＄100 and that was _______to buy a new computer.‎ A. nowhere near enough B. near enough nowhere C. enough near nowhere D. near nowhere enough 解析：考查副词用法。nowhere near是固定短语，意思是“差得远；远不及”，相当于一个形容词，enough做副词用，修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。‎ 句意：我们只有100美元，他怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。‎ ‎15. (山东卷35). Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.‎ ‎ A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex 解析：句意应为“在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看孩子们。”表示“灵活的”用flexible 。heavy 表示“沉重的”； smooth表示“光滑的，滑顺的”； complex表示“复杂的，难懂的”。‎ ‎16.(陕西卷22). Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. ‎ A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure ‎ 解析：所填词做表语，主语是人，由more来修饰，意思是：可能，选A。其中四个选项中possible和probable也都“可能的”之意，但他们做表语时主语只能是物，sure在此处意思不恰当。‎ ‎17.(天津卷5). People have always ______ about exactly how life on earth began.‎ A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful 解析：根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。‎ 句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。‎ ‎18.(浙江卷6). I have been convinced that the print media are usually more __ and more reliable than television.‎ ‎ A. accurate B. ridiculous C. urgent D. shallow ‎ 解析：分析四个选项的意思：accurate 精确的；ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的；urgent紧急的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。根据句意：我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。‎ ‎19.(浙江卷[来源11).Do you think shopping online will __ take the place of shopping in stores?‎ ‎ A. especially B. frequently C. merely D. finally 解析：分析四个选项的意思：especially 特别，尤其；frequently经常，merely仅仅，finally最终。根据语境：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗？‎ ‎20.(浙江卷19).Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, __________.‎ ‎ A. though B. also C. either D. too 解析：根据句意：在冰场上玩耍听起来很有趣。然会不会有危险呢？前后两句之前是明显的转折关系，所以选择though。 ‎ ‎21.(四川卷12). The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too . ‎ ‎ A. small B. few C. 1arge D. many 解析：the number of 意为“……的数量”，其后的形容词应为大小，不用多少。又据句意学校被移出了市中心，应该是学生的数量变得太大了，故选C。‎ ‎22.(上海卷30). In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market.‎ ‎ A. longer than B. more than C. as much as D. as far as ‎ 解析：as far as远到（至）…..‎ 句意：古时候人们很少会进行远程旅行，大多的农民只去逛逛当地的市场。‎ ‎23.(上海卷26). It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey.‎ A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-hour D. three hours 解析：此题考查复合形容词.数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”‎ 五、介词（短语）‎ ‎1.(北京卷29). Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyone's enjoyment.‎ ‎ A. in B. at C. for D. to 解析：for enjoyment为了寻求乐趣。例如：We work in the garden for enjoyment.我们为寻求乐趣而在园子里劳作。‎ ‎2.(湖北卷30).It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ____________favors to them.‎ A. in preference to B . in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for 解析：In preference to （优先于）； in exchange for （交换）；in place of (代替)； in agreement with （同意，与…一致）。其实辨析这几个介词短语难度不大，只需要认识每个短语中的核心词 “preference”“exchange”“place”“agreement”的意思即可，猜测较为容易。‎ ‎3.(江苏卷29).So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is________ideal. We have to work ‎ still harder.‎ A. next to B. far from C.out of D. due to 解析：“到目前为止我们为打造低碳经济已经做了很多努力，但是这远远不够。我们还要继续努力。”题目中的“ideal”是指“完美的，理想的”，“far from ideal” “离完美还很远，远远不够”，“far from” 一般加名词或者形容词，表示“离…很远，或者达不到…状态”。A “next to” “靠近”，意义相反。B “out of” “出于”，相当于“with”；D “due to”后面一般跟名词，解释为“由于”，相当于”because of”。‎ ‎4.(江西卷29). We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and , dogs give us their all.‎ A. in all B. in fact C. in short D. in return 解析：in return作为回报；作为回应；回答。in all 共计 in fact实际上 in short 简而言之。‎ 句意：我们给狗以我们闲暇的时间和多余的空间以及腾出来的爱，作为回报狗也会把它们的一切 给予我们。‎ ‎5.(江西卷34). Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name, not case number.‎ A. of B. as C. by D. with 解析：by以……的方式。句意：现在有些医院以名字来称呼病人，而不是以病号来称呼。‎ ‎6.(天津卷13). My father warned me _______ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with tourists.‎ A. by B. on C. for D. against 解析：句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn sb. against doing sth. 相当于warn sb. not to do sth，意思是 ‎“警告某人不要干某事”。 句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。‎ ‎7.(重庆卷22). The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money me.‎ A. by B. for C. in D. with 解析：I don’t have enough money with me 意思是我没有随身带那么多钱。‎ ‎8.(福建卷27).More and more high—rise buildings have been built in big cities space.‎ A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of ‎ 解析：A.寻找 B.代替; C.因缺乏 D.生怕，以免。句子的完整意思应该是：大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦，因为缺乏空间。‎ ‎9.(辽宁卷31). I agree to his suggestion ______the condition that he drops all charges.‎ A. by B. in C. on D. to ‎ 解析：考查介词用法。介词on 和the condition that一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以……为条件”。 句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。‎ ‎10.(四川卷5). Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree.‎ A. in B. below C. beside D. against 解析：against此处意为：“倚着，靠着”；below“在……下方”；beside“在……旁边”；in“在……里面 ‎（时间）……之后”。句意为：“累了，吉姆背倚着树，很快就睡着了。”‎ ‎11.(浙江卷7).I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just __ .‎ ‎ A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance 解析：分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return作为回报，作为交换；in case 万一，以防；by chance偶然地。根据句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再问你一次。‎ ‎12.(上海卷25). Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.[来源:学|科|网]‎ A. between B. along C. below D. with[来源:学,科,网]‎ 解析：根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选B。‎ 六、时态与语态 ‎1.(全国I卷21)—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?‎ ‎—No, I_________ my homework all day yesterday.‎ A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do 解析：根据选项此题考察时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。A表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有all day yesterday时间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除D。B为过去将来时不符合题意，C过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。‎ 句意：—你读完了Jane Eyre吗？‎ ‎—没有，我昨天一直做作业。‎ ‎2. (全国I卷28). When you are home, give a call to let me know you _________safely.‎ A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive ‎ 解析：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经……”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B. ‎ 句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。‎ ‎3. (全国I卷32).The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _______.‎ A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 解析：根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune译为“发财”，make在句中需要使用被动形式，因此排除B和D，题干中led提示时间为过去，因此选择C。be to do译为“将会将要”，was to be made表示过去将来。‎ 句意：在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。‎ ‎4.(全国II卷15).Linda，make sure the tables ____ before the guests arrive.‎ A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting ‎ 解析：考查动词set的用法和被动语态。Set a table摆放桌子，tables为主语，故用被动结构。make sure后一般接宾语从句。‎ ‎5.(全国II卷19).Excuse me. I I was blocking your way.‎ A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing 解析：结合语境，后文暗示过去时。‎ ‎6. (安徽卷26).Bob would have helped us yesterday,but he .‎ A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy 解析：上文用的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反。下文是讲的昨天忙这样的事实，用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.(安徽卷28).—Can you surprised by the ending of the film?‎ ‎—NO, I____ the book, so I already knew the story A.was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。‎ ‎8.(安徽卷34).—We’ve spent too much money recently.‎ ‎—Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives______ around all the time ‎ A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming ‎ 解析：句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。—-并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。‎ ‎9.(北京卷22). In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words .‎ A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 解析：the "r" sounds at the end of the words常常被省掉 ‎10.(北京卷24).—I'm not finished with my dinner yet.‎ ‎—But our friends for us.‎ A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 解析：第一个说话人说"我还没吃完饭呢"，而下面的人则说"但是我们的朋友们都在等我们了"根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作，而第二个人又开始催促，我们得知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时are waiting更符合句意。‎ ‎11.(北京卷26).—I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?‎ ‎ —Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.‎ A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made 解析：上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didn't make或者haven't made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadn't made过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldn't make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。‎ ‎12.(北京卷28). It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.‎ ‎ A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing 解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。‎ ‎13.(福建卷28).Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ‎ before leaving their hometowns.‎ A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 解析：根据上文所用时态，下文应该用现在范畴的时态，排除AB两个答案，再考虑语态，选D。‎ ‎14.(福建卷31).—Guess what ,we’ve got our visas for a short —term visit to the UK this summer.‎ ‎—How mice! you a different culture then.‎ A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced 解析：根据句意 ‎——猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证 ‎——太棒了，你到时候将会感受到不同的文化。‎ 要用将来进行时。‎ ‎15.(湖南卷24).This coastal area ___________a national wildlife reserve last year.‎ A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 解析：根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。‎ ‎16.(湖南卷27). I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone____________ it. Was it you?‎ A. has done B. had done C. would do D will do 解析：该空动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”‎ ‎17.(湖南卷31). I walked slowly through the market, Where people_________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.‎ A.Sell B.were selling C. had sold D. have sold 解析：根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。‎ ‎18.( 湖南卷34). I’m tired out. I __________all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.‎ A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 解析：句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选D项。‎ ‎19.(江苏卷23).—why, Jack, you look so tired!‎ ‎—Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.‎ A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting 解析：我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎20.(江苏卷30).—Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?‎ ‎—We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.‎ A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be ‎ 解析：我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时 ‎21.(江西卷 30).Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she since her marriage to Father.‎ A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering 解析：在本句since 表示自从过去到现在一直这样还将延续下去,所以用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎22.(辽宁卷24). Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.‎ A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone 解析：考查时态。句中since last month，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。‎ 句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去上夜校，可是他到现在还不会用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。‎ ‎23.(辽宁卷30).I_______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.‎ A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done 解析：第一句表示现阶段的一种状况，所以用一般现在时态。‎ 句意：我为一家人做饭，但是最近我太忙不能做了。‎ ‎24.(山东卷30). Up to now, the program ______thousands of children who would otherwise have died.‎ ‎ A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved 解析：句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。‎ ‎25.(陕西卷21). I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. ‎ ‎ A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough 解析：考查动词时态。由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选A。‎ ‎26.(陕西卷24). It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. ‎ ‎ A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 解析：考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。‎ ‎27.(四川卷16). 一When shall we restart our business?‎ ‎ 一Not until we our plan. ‎ ‎ A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished 解析：在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”‎ ‎28.(四川卷18). You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you. ‎ ‎ A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 解析：句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。‎ ‎29.(天津卷4). We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.‎ A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 解析：从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Let’s have a rest可知，动作从过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。‎ 句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会儿吧。‎ ‎30.(天津卷10). Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.‎ A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 解析：因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。‎ 句意：象剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。‎ ‎31.(重庆卷24).The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.‎ A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes 解析：since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。‎ ‎32.(重庆卷29).The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building now.‎ A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 解析：remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，没有被动语态。整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选A项。‎ ‎33.(重庆卷31).— Why do you want to work for our company?‎ ‎—This is the job that I for.‎ A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking 解析：由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。‎ ‎34.(浙江卷5). ff you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you __ fresh watermelon in the fall.‎ ‎ A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating 解析：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。‎ ‎35.(浙江卷15).For many years, people __ electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]‎ ‎ A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of 解析：根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现在完成时。‎ ‎36.(上海卷28). Every few years, the coal workers. their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.‎ A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had 解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。‎ ‎37.(上海卷31). The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.‎ A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 解析：restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，且要用被动语态。‎ 七、动词与短语动词 ‎1.(全国I卷22). The workers _____ the glasses and marked on each box “this side up”‎ A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed 解析：选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词，此题考察动词的词义辨析。carry 译为搬运，deliver译为递送，press译为按，压，pack译为打包。‎ 句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。‎ ‎2.( 全国II卷8). My mother opened the drawer to _________ the knives and spoons.‎ A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together 解析：put away 放好，收拾起来；put up举起，搭建，张贴，挂起； put on 穿上，戴上；put together 组装，装配，把…凑合起来 ‎3.(安徽卷 22).Nother matter how low you consider yourself ,there is always someone _________you wishing They were that high.‎ A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon 解析：getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。‎ 句意：你无论认为自己怎样低下，总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。‎ ‎4.(安徽卷 23).——How did you like Nick’s performance last night ?‎ ‎—— To be honest ,his singing didn’t ________to be much?‎ A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur 解析：appeal to 意为“吸引”；belong to意为“属于”；refer to意为“提到；涉及”；occur to意为“突然想到”。‎ 句意：她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。‎ ‎5.(福建卷30). We`ve just moved into a bigger house and there`s a lot to do. Let`s it.‎ A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 解析：A. keep up with 保持 B. do away with废除，去掉；‎ C. get down to着手处理D. look forward to盼望，期待。‎ 句意：我们刚刚搬进大一点的房子，因此有许多事情要做。让我们开始做吧。‎ ‎6.(福建卷33).——In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.‎ ‎——I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two .‎ A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined 解析：第二句意思为：“我非常赞同。两者相结合非常好。”have sth. done.意为“使某事被做”。A项意为“相联系的”；B项意为“有关的”；C项意为“相连接的”；D项意为“同时做，兼有”。由句中I can’t agree more可知，应选D项，其余三项不符合语境，排除。‎ ‎7.(湖北卷27).Duty is an act or a course of action that people you to take by social customs, law or religion.‎ A. persuade B. request C. instruct D. expect 解析：expect sb. to do.“期待/希望某人做某事”。request是一种非常客气的请求。persuade是“说服”的意思，instruct是“指导、指示”的意思。‎ ‎8. (湖北卷28). Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality.‎ A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes 解析：“要选一个表示“反映”的词，就是reflect . “resemble” = look like; “strengthen”表示“加强，巩固”；“shape”作动词表示“塑形”。 ‎ 句意：就好像一个人穿什么，吃什么，以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个人的住房也是如此。‎ ‎9. (湖北卷29).Had she_________ her promise, she would have made it to Yale‎ ‎University.‎ A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with 解析：根据句意：“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。”只有live up to（履行，实行）符合题意。look up to（抬头看，尊重）keep up with（跟上，追上）come up with（追赶上；想出；提出），‎ ‎10.(江苏卷24). Thousands of foreigners were______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.‎ A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached ‎ 解析：attract sb吸引某人。‎ ‎ 句意：成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。‎ ‎11.(江苏卷26). The experiment has_________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.‎ A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out 解析：rule out排除（可能性）。find out是查找出 point out指出 carry out执行，实施 ‎12.(江西卷25). Parents much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.‎ A. attach B. pay C. link D.apply 解析：,attach importance to 关注，相当于pay much attention to。‎ ‎13.(江西卷26). Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just sweet dreams.‎ A. keep up with B. put up with C. end up with D. catch up with 解析：keep up with保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以为结束 catch up with赶上。‎ ‎ 句意：睡觉前闻闻话的香味，你也许会做上好梦。‎ ‎14.(辽宁卷28). Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.‎ A. turned on B. turned in C. turned around D. turned out 解析：考查短语动词的用法。turn out 有“外出”的意思，而turn on 则是“打开”，turn in“上床睡觉, 上缴”等意思；turn around是“转身”的意思。只有turn out 符合语境。‎ 句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。‎ ‎15.(辽宁卷32). The new movie _____to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. ‎ A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines ‎ 解析：promise除了表示“允诺，答应”外，还有“有……的希望”的意思；agree是“同意，赞同”；pretend是“假装”；decline是“衰老，衰退”。只有promises符合题意。‎ 句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。‎ ‎16.(山东卷27). Sam ___ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ ‎ A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up ‎ 解析：表示“学到，尤其指不正规的学到”用pick up; pick up另外还有“捡起;顺车接送,搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示“向上看；（形势）好转，改善；查阅”；set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。‎ 句意：山姆只是凭借着看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。‎ ‎17.(山东卷31). Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?‎ ‎ A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct ‎ 解析：表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve 表示“为……服务；接待”；adapt 表示“使适应，使适合”；construct表示“建造，构筑；构思”。‎ 句意：你家里总是那么整洁－－家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的?‎ ‎18.(陕西卷14). You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must ____ you, I suppose. ‎ A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about ‎ 解析：agree with：同意，赞成；与……相适应；agree to：同意，赞成（观点，看法等）；agree on：就……达成协议；agree about：对...... 有相同的看法。‎ 句意：你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。‎ ‎19.(四川卷6). Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what nice. ‎ A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes 解析：与上句中的eat with their eyes相对，后句应该为看起来很好吃的东西。故正确答案为A。‎ ‎20.(四川卷8). Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man and left. ‎ ‎ A. took up B. got up C. shut up D. set up 解析：get up意为“起床，起立”。故选B。A意为“从事，占据时间或空间”；C意为“闭嘴”；D意为“建造，搭起”。‎ 句意：Jenny正在找一个座位，正在那时，很幸运地，一个人站起来离开了。‎ ‎21.(天津卷1). He telephoned the travel agency to_______ three air tickets to London.‎ ‎ A. order B. arrange C. take D. book 解析：book和tickets搭配，是“订票”的意思。‎ ‎ 句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。‎ ‎22.(天津卷11). Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and _______ as a manager.‎ A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off 解析：ended up as 作为……而结束的意思；dropped out是“退出，退学”的意思；came back是“回来”的意思；started off是“动身，出发”的意思。只有A项符合题意。‎ 句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。‎ ‎23.(浙江卷4). The majority of people in the town strongly __ the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎ A. consider B. support C. confirm D. submit 解析：consider考虑，思考，认为等；support支持，拥护，维持；confirm证实，确认；submit使屈服，使经受。‎ 句意：镇上的大多数人都积极地支持为孩子们建造运动场的计划。‎ ‎24.(浙江卷12). After that, he knew he could __ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.‎ ‎ A. get away with B. get on with C. get through D. get across 解析：get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与……有好相处；get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across被理解，越过。‎ 句意：经过那件事之后，他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。‎ 八、情态动词与虚拟语气 ‎1.(全国I 29). Just be patient .You_____________ except the world to change so soon.‎ A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not ‎ 解析：通过选项此题考察情态动词，can't在否定句中可以表示推测，译为不可能，，可以表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的意思，根据句意此题中选择A，can't表示劝慰。‎ 句意：耐心一点儿，你不可能期望世界变化如此快。‎ ‎2.(全国II 17). I’m afraid Mr.Harding ____ see you now . he’s busy.‎ A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t ‎ 解析：结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用can’t。‎ ‎3.(安徽卷32). Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ‎ 解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。‎ ‎4.(北京卷23).—Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.‎ ‎ —Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.‎ A. might B. must C. would D. can 解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，"那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了"因此排除A,C.D ‎5.(北京卷34).－The weather has been very hot and dry.‎ ‎ －Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .‎ ‎ A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died 解析：第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。与过去事实相反：过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。‎ 将句子整合还原：If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.‎ If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.‎ ‎6.(福建卷29).Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.‎ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 解析：recommend 后面的（that）从句中要用虚拟语气：should+do,should可以使省略。‎ ‎ =Teachers recommend parents should not allow…=Teachers recommend parents not to allow…‎ 句意：老师建议父母出于安全考虑最好不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车去学校。‎ ‎7.(湖南卷29). If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.‎ A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 解析：根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。‎ ‎8.(湖南卷23). You_________ buy a gift , but you can if you want to.‎ A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to 解析：don’t have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。”‎ ‎9.(江苏卷25). —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.‎ ‎ —Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.‎ A. could B. shall C. must D. may ‎ 解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。‎ ‎10.(江苏卷34). George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.‎ A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式 ‎11.(江西卷23). I have told you the truth I keep repeating it?‎ A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will 解析：must必须,一定，can可以,能够， may也许，will意愿,倾向性动作。前半句说我告诉你事实了,这里用的是现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,既然我已经说了,我还必须重复一遍吗？‎ ‎12.(辽宁卷26). Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.‎ A. can B. will C. must D. may 解析：考查情态动词。Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”。‎ 句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。‎ ‎13.(山东卷25). I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.‎ ‎ A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的——它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。‎ ‎14.(陕西卷15). If we _ __ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. ‎ A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B。‎ 句意：如果当时走了另一条路，我们就有可能及时赶到这儿开会了。‎ ‎15.(陕西卷23). —-May I take this book out of the reading room?‎ ‎ —-No, you . You read it in here. ‎ ‎ A. mightn`t B. won’t C. need’t D. mustn`t 解析：英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustn’t，故本题选D。‎ ‎16.(四川卷3).— I take the book out?‎ ‎—I'm afraid not.‎ A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need 解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.‎ 句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。‎ ‎17.(天津卷9). Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.‎ A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用needn’t have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。‎ 句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。‎ ‎18.(天津卷15).－John went to the hospital alone.‎ ‎－If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him.‎ A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had+过去分词。‎ 句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。‎ ‎19.(重庆卷 21).You park.here! It’s an emergency exit.‎ A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 解析：mustn’t表示禁止：不可以。‎ ‎20.(浙江卷17). "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here."‎ ‎ A. need B. can C. must D. would 解析：肯定的猜测，用must。‎ ‎21.(浙江卷10). Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy __ . ‎ ‎ A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D.was saved 解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。‎ 句意：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。‎ ‎22.(上海卷29).－Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.‎ ‎－Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.‎ A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have +过去分词。本来应该做，而未做。‎ 九、非谓语动词 ‎1.(全国I卷27). Mrs. White showed her student some old maps _________from the library.‎ A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 解析：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词，题干中空格划在名词maps后，空格后部分是对maps解释说明，因此此题考察非谓语动词做定语。非谓语动词做定语，首先判断动词与所修饰名词的主动还是被动关系，borrow和maps是被动关系，被动关系时非谓语动词形式有三种：to be done表示动作将要发生，being done表示动作正在发生，done表示动作已经完成，根据句意borrow的动作已经完成，因此选择C。 句意：怀特夫人向学生们展示了从图书馆借来的一些老地图。‎ ‎2.(全国I卷34).With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank______ presents ‎ for my dad.‎ A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought 解析：动词不定式的一般式作目的状语。“买礼物”发生在“从银行取了一些钱”后，所以D不可以选。‎ 句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。‎ ‎3.(全国卷II 11).Though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。‎ A. surprise B was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised ‎ 解析：省略结构和非谓语动词考查。补完整为：Though he was surprised，跟后面句子的主语一致，可以省略主语和系动词。‎ ‎4.(安徽卷30). He had wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the word ‎ A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling ‎ 解析：主语（he）与动词travel之间存在主动关系，故用traveling作伴随状语。‎ ‎5.(北京卷21). at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.‎ A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 解析：look与其逻辑主语I为主动关系，因此用looking ‎6.(北京卷25). I'm calling to enquire about the position in yesterday's China Daily.‎ A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 解析：the position肯定是被advertise的，此处的过去分词相当于一个定语从句：which was advertised。‎ 句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。‎ ‎7.(福建卷25).Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock , supplies to Yushu, Oinghai province after the earthquake.‎ ‎ A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent ‎ 解析：现在分词短语作伴随状语。‎ ‎8.(福建卷34). In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.[来源:A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 解析：非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语thousands of holidaymakers thousands of holidaymakers之间存在被动关系，且该动作已经完成（被阻止…..）。‎ ‎9.(湖南卷21). Listen! Do you hear someone __________for help?‎ A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 解析：该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补，根据 someone与call的主动关系排除D项。hear后接不定式作宾补时应省略to，由此排除C项。由listen可判断此处表示正在求救，故选A项。‎ ‎10.(湖南卷26 Dina, _______ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.‎ A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D . to struggle 解析：该空，分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。‎ ‎11.(湖南卷30). So far nobody has claimed the money ___________________in the library.‎ A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered 解析：该空在句中作后置定语修饰the money，根据the money与discover的被动关系，排除C、D两项。B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思，根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆所发现的钱”可判断选A项。‎ ‎12.(江苏卷28). The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,‎ ‎________ the students to return to their classrooms. ‎ A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled 解析：现在分词短语作结果状语。即：在他捐献后的结果。‎ ‎13.(江西卷24). The lady walked around the shops, an eye out for bargains.‎ A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 解析：句子主语lady和keep 之间是主动关系, 而且walk和keep 同时发生，现在分词短语作伴随状语。‎ ‎14.(江西卷32). There were many talented actors out there just waiting .‎ A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D .being discovered 解析：演员等待被发现,用被动,发现发生在等待之后,所以用不定式。‎ ‎ 与11(湖南卷30)题进行比较。‎ ‎15.(辽宁卷25). We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.‎ A. finding B. to find C. find D. to be found 解析：考查非谓语动词。be astonished 后应该跟动词不定式做状语。‎ 句意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。‎ ‎16.(辽宁卷35). Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles .‎ A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized ‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词用法。宾语work和recognize之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。‎ ‎ =have+宾语+done的结构。‎ 句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。‎ ‎17.(山东卷23). I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.‎ ‎ A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 解析：句意应为“这个学期结束前，我有很多阅读练习要做。”由于时间状语before the end of this term表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。注意不是have+宾语+done的结构。‎ ‎18.(山东卷29). The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.‎ ‎ A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid ‎ 解析：非谓语动词作定语。table与“放置”这个动作之间主存在逻辑上的被动关系。桌子应该是被放置，‎ 选择laid。‎ ‎19.(陕西卷16)._____from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. ‎ ‎ A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see ‎ 解析：此处是非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词，选A。‎ ‎20.(陕西卷19). His first book next month is based on a true story. ‎ ‎ A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 解析：非谓语动词做后置定语，由时间状语next month可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作，用动词不定式，其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，选B。‎ ‎21.(四川卷11). In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant . ‎ ‎ A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with 解析：考查不定式句型sb./sth. is adj./n. to do。该句型相当于to do sth. is adj./n.。命题人在该句型中插入了though状语，有一定的干扰。此题实际是that company is pleasant to deal with= to deal with that company is pleasant。‎ ‎22.(四川卷4) A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. ‎ A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 解析：question与students存在被动关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。‎ ‎23.(四川卷17). The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point. ‎ ‎ A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try 解析：句中listen和try not to miss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。‎ ‎24.(天津卷12). I rained heavily in the south, _______ serious flooding in several provinces.‎ A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解析：空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。‎ 句意：南方下了大雨，造成好几个省分的严重洪灾。‎ ‎25.(重庆卷30). The news shocked the public, to great concern about students’ safety at school.‎ A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead 解析：The news和lead之间是主动关系，并作shocked的伴随状语，所以用leading。‎ 句意：这个消息使公众震惊，也引起了人们对学生在校安全的关注。‎ ‎26.(重庆卷34). Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one first is the library.‎ A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired 解析：the one指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用to be repaired.‎ ‎25.(浙江卷8). The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if __ regularly, can improve our health.‎ ‎ A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 解析：=if proper amounts of exercise are carried out 句意：这个实验表明合理的运动量可以促进我们的健康，如果运动量有规律的进行的话。‎ ‎27.(浙江卷20). The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and __ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.‎ ‎ A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 解析：根据句子结构：主语：the traffic rule；谓语动词：says；宾语从句：young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat。宾语从句中的主干为：young children must be in a child safety seat。under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds用于修饰宾语从句主语children。动词weigh与名词children是主动关系，所以选择weighing。‎ 句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。‎ ‎29.(上海卷32). I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.‎ A. find B. found C. to find D. finding 解析：have difficulty(in)doing sth.的结构：做某事有困难。‎ ‎30.(上海卷33). Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues_______ with her stories.‎ ‎ A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused ‎ 解析：过去分词作宾语补足语。与它所修饰的her colleagues存在被动关系。（be）amused with…‎ ‎31.(上海卷35). the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]‎ ‎ A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached ‎ 解析：现在分词作时间状语，此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。‎ ‎32.(上海卷40). Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.‎ A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 解析：此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做……的途径、方式。the only way to do……,we can imagine 做定语，前面省略了that.‎ 十、定语从句 ‎1.(全国I 24). As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __ _ is named after his grandfather.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. that ‎ 解析：根据选项此题考察从句，空格设置在名词school后，且school后有逗号，此题考察非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school，它在定于从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词，选项中的关系代词只有which和that，由于是非限定性定语从句，不能使用that，因此选择A。‎ 句意：还是孩子的时候，Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。‎ ‎2.(全国II 16). I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault.‎ A. who B. that C. as D. what 解析：不定代词something作先行词，定语从句用that引导。‎ ‎3.(北京卷27). Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.‎ ‎ A. what B. whose C. which D. that ‎ 解析：本定语从句不缺成分，为主系表结构，因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的what不能引导定语从句。选B.whose谁的，符合题意。‎ 句意：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。‎ ‎4.(福建卷24).Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planets life has developed gradually. ‎ A. that B. where C. which D. whose 解析：先行词为planets，表示地点，故用where。‎ ‎5.(湖南卷28). I’ve become good friend with several of the student in my school _______I meet in the English speech contest last year.‎ A. who B. where C. when D. which ‎ 解析：该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students，且在从句中作met的宾语，故选关系代词who，即A项。‎ ‎6.(江苏卷32). The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.‎ A. that B. it C. what D. which ‎ 解析：选D定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙。=whose walls…=of which the walls…‎ ‎7.(江西卷31).The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour.‎ A. where B. who C. which D. what 解析：先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour不缺宾语或主语,故要填的先行词作状语,表地点用where。‎ ‎8.(山东卷24). That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. whose D. what ‎ 解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。‎ ‎9.(陕西卷11). The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. ‎ A. where B. which C. its D. whose 解析：所填词引导定语从句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中做roof的定语，用关系代词whose，选D。其余选项与题意不符。‎ ‎10.(四川卷10). After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision. ‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. when D. where 解析：此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句子所说的内容。‎ 句意：大学毕业后，我们休假一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。‎ ‎11.(天津卷8).—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?‎ ‎—You should try the barber’s ______ I go. It’s only 15.‎ A. as B. which C. where D. that 解析：句中the barber’s 是先行词，从句中go 是不及物动词，所选关系代词在从句中作状语，所以要用where。‎ 句意：—你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？‎ ‎—你应该到我常去的那家理发店试试，那儿只需要15美元。‎ ‎12.(重庆卷28). In China, the number of cities increasing development is recognized across the world.‎ A. where B. which C. whose D. that 解析：development与先行词cities之间是所属关系，所以选whose。‎ 句意：在中国，城市的数量在增加，城市的发展被全世界意识到。‎ ‎13.(浙江卷3). The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __ left their village homes for a better life in the city.‎ ‎ A. whom B. which C. them D. those ‎ 解析：由many之后的逗号和选项特征，此处是主从句关系，排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom。‎ 句意：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更美好的生活。‎ ‎14.(上海卷38). Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.‎ A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which ‎ 解析：考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy whichthat we may return to in ‎ the near future.‎ 十一、状语从句 ‎1.(全国卷I 25). Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.‎ A. so that B although C. while D. as if 解析：根据选项此题考察连词的用法。so that译为“以便”表示目的，although译为“尽管，虽然”，as if译为“好像”，while译为“当….的时候”，因此while符合句意，选择C。‎ 句意：当客人们将要结束用餐的时候Mary做完了咖啡。‎ ‎2.(全国卷I 30). The little boy won’t go to sleep ______________his mother tells him a story.‎ A. or B. unless C. but D. whether 解析：根据选项此题考察连词的用法。or译为“或者”表示选择，unless译为“除非”表示条件，but译为“但是”表示转折，whether译为“是否”，根据句意选择B。‎ 句意：除非他的妈妈给他讲故事这个小男孩儿是不会睡觉的。‎ ‎3.(全国卷II 7). Tom was about to close the windows_____ his attention was caught by a bird.‎ A. when B. if C. and D. till 解析：when…表示这时，突然……‎ ‎4.(安徽卷29). The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ___they have the interest.‎ A. wherever B. Whenever C. even if D. as if ‎ 解析：句意为“工程师们非常繁忙，即使（even if）有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。”‎ ‎5.(安徽卷33). Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one ____it becomes available.‎ A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 解析：句意为“仅暂时使用此房间，它一旦（as soon as）可以正常使用，我们就提供你一个大点的。”‎ ‎6.(北京卷30). they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.‎ ‎ A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 解析：此题重在句意的判断。"一旦学生们决定了去哪所大学读书，他们就得研究下办理入学的手续。"A. As当；因为...B. while做连词强调一件事发生时另外一个动作正在进行；C. Until直到...D. Once一旦。因此选D ‎7.(福建卷26).The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her .‎ A. before B. until C. as D. since 解析：根据 “rung the bell” 和 “the door was opened”的发生先后，可以得出答案。‎ 句意：女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然打开了。她的朋友们一拥而上去欢迎她。‎ ‎8.(湖南卷32). Tim is in good shape physically__________ he doesn’t get much exercise.‎ A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 解析：句意为：“尽管Tim不经常锻炼，但他身材很好。”前后是让步转折关系，故选B项。‎ ‎9.(江西卷22).— Our holiday cost a lot of money.‎ ‎— Did it? Well, that doesn`t matter you enjoyed yourselves.‎ A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though 解析：as long as只要，unless 除非否则，as soon as一……就，though虽然,根据后一句为只要你玩得开心,花多少钱并不重要，就能搞定答案。‎ ‎10.(辽宁卷29). The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.‎ A. although B. unless C. because D. if 解析：考查从属连词。空格前后两个句子在逻辑意义上存在原因关系，所以用because引导原因状语从 句。Although引导让步状语从句，unless和if引导条件状语从句。‎ 句意：这位老人叫露丝挪到另一把椅子上因为他想跟他妻子挨着坐。‎ ‎11.(山东卷28). The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. ‎ ‎ A. once B. when C. if D. unless ‎ 解析：句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构，相当于一个状语从句= unless they are accompanied by an adult.。‎ ‎12.(陕西卷20). John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.‎ ‎ A. when B. after C. before D. since 解析：所填词引导状语从句，构成It（will）be+时间段+状语从句，意思是：过多久才将......，选C。‎ ‎13.(四川卷20). Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office. ‎ ‎ A. since B. that C. when D. until ‎ 解析：句意为：“因为交通阻塞，当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。”，此处应为when引导的时间状语从句，故正确答案为C。‎ ‎14.(重庆卷32). Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.‎ A. when B. where C. how D. what 解析：由句意：今天，为了不遗漏要点，我们从昨天结束的地方开始。where引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎15.(上海卷34). you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.‎ ‎ A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 解析：根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however+形容词+主语+谓语。however做连接副词，相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词，意为“无论、不管”，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。‎ ‎16.(上海卷39). our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.‎ ‎ A. Until B. Unless C If D. After 解析：此句意思是“除非我们经理反对汤姆加入俱乐部，不然我们都应接受他成为其中的一员。”‎ 十二、名词性从句 ‎1.(全国卷I卷33).We haven’t discussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. where 解析：根据选项此题考察从句。题干中空格划在动词discuss的后面，因此考察宾语从句，根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选择D。‎ 句意：我们还没有讨论要将我们的新家具放在哪里的问题。‎ ‎2.(全国II卷10) —Have you finished the book？‎ ‎—No. I’ve read up to _____ the children discover the secret cave.‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where 解析：to介词结构，后接宾语从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。‎ ‎3.(北京卷31).I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.‎ ‎ A. who B. where C. what D. how 解析：what既要引导介词for的宾语从句，又要在从句中充当表语。‎ ‎4.(北京卷32). Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. why D. whether ‎ 解析：从句不缺成分，因此用that来引导。‎ 句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己创作的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说非常贴近他本人的真实生活。‎ ‎5.(北京卷33). some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.‎ A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 解析：从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导。C.中的That引导主语从句但不做任何成分。‎ 句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。‎ ‎6.(福建卷35). We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food ‎ nicely.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. whether 解析：what既要引导宾语从句，又要在宾语从句中作宾语。‎ ‎7.(湖南卷35). Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears .No one in the office knew_________ she was so angry.‎ A. where B. whether C. that D. why 解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。‎ ‎8.(江苏卷35).—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.‎ ‎ —That’s_______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.‎ A. where B. how C. when D. what 解析：这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.‎ ‎9.(辽宁卷34). —-It’s no use having ideas only . ‎ ‎—-Don’t worry. Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act.‎ A. how B. who C. what D. where 解析：考查连接词的用法。虽然四个词都可以和动词不定式连用，但是意义不同。how表示“怎样”，强调方式。而who和what是连接代词，在不定式短语中作宾语，此句中动词不定式有宾语，不再需要宾语，所以排除，where则强调地点。与上一句不对应。本句相当于一个宾语从句：how you will turn an idea into an act.‎ 句意：——光有主意没用。——不用担心，皮特可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。‎ ‎10.(山东卷26). Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.‎ ‎ A. why B. what C. how D. which 解析：分析句式结构可知，只有what才能既引导宾语从句又在从句中充当need的宾语。‎ 句意：“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”‎ ‎11.(陕西卷18). It never occurred to me _____ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. ‎ ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. if ‎ 解析：考查固定句型。It occurs/occurred to sb that ...是固定句型，意思是：突然想起......，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是有that引导的主语从句，选C。‎ ‎12.(四川卷14). How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives. ‎ ‎ A. what B. who C. how D. why 解析：根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。‎ 句意：一个人旅游享受得如何很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。‎ ‎13.(天津卷14). As a new graduate, he doesn’t know _______ it takes to start a business here.‎ A. how B. what C. when D. which 解析：空格后的从句中takes动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。‎ 句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要些什么才能在这里开办企业。‎ ‎14.(重庆卷25). To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions had used the products.‎ A. whoever B. who C. whichever D. which 解析：ask的宾语从句。=anyone who had used the products.宾语从句后置来保持句子平衡。To improve the quality of our products we asked whoever had used the produst for suggestions.‎ ‎15.(浙江卷1).－How about camping this weekend, just for a change?‎ ‎ －OK,__ you want.‎ ‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 解析：句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者无条件服从前者提出的观点。‎ ‎16.(浙江卷9). It is uncertain _ _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether 解析：根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干就是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。‎ ‎17.(上海卷36). One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.‎ A. that B. how C. what D. why 解析：that引导表语从句，在从句中that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，BCD三个选项在从句中是要充当成分的。‎ ‎18.(上海卷37). When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ‎ ‎ A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。‎ 句意：改道时，驾驶员应该打开转向灯，好让其他驾驶员知道他要走那条道。‎ 十三、特殊句式(强调句、倒装句)‎ ‎1.(安徽卷27).It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which 解析：迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。本句是对from only a few supplies进行强调。‎ ‎2.(湖南卷25). John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _________has made him what he is today.‎ A. why B. when C. when D. that ‎ 解析：题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work，故选D项。‎ ‎3.(江苏卷33). —Is everyone here? ‎ ‎—Not yet. Look, there_______ the rest of our guests!‎ A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 解析：there引导的倒装句谓语动词要跟后面的主语一致，且用一般现在时表示将来。‎ ‎4.(江西卷33). Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.‎ A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he has began 解析：not until所引导的状语（从句）放在句首要用部分倒装。‎ ‎5.(陕西卷17). John opened the door. There _____ he had never seen before. ‎ ‎ A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 解析：Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选D。‎ ‎6.(四川卷19). If you have a job， yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed. ‎ ‎ A. do devote B. don't devote C. devoting D. not devoting 解析：此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。”‎ ‎7.(四川卷9). We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work. ‎ ‎ A.we think B.think we C. we do think D. do we think ‎ 解析：seldom为否定副词放句首，用部分倒装，故选D。‎ ‎8.(重庆卷33). At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River , one of the largest cities in China.‎ A.lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 解析：表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。‎ 十四、情景交际和谚语 ‎1.(全国I卷31).—Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom?‎ ‎—______ Wait till you are old enough, dear.‎ A.Will you? B.Why not? C.I hope so. D.I’m afraid not.‎ 解析：Will you用于请求第三者的同意，Why not译为“为什么不去做……”用于向别人提建议，I hope so译为“我也希望是这样”，I am afraid not译为恐怕不行，根据句意选择D。‎ 句意：——每个人都要去爬山，我也能去吗妈妈？‎ ‎——恐怕不行，亲爱的，等你长大的吧。‎ ‎2. (全国I卷35).—Was he sorry for what he’d done？—_________.‎ A. No wonder B. Well done C. Not really D. Go ahead 解析：no wonder“不足为奇”，well done译为“做得好”，not really译为“事实上没有”, “Go ahead”译为“做吧”。根据句意选择C。‎ 句意：——他为他所做的事情道歉了吗？‎ ‎——事实上没有。‎ ‎3.(全国II卷6).—Is it all right if I keep this photo？—_______.‎ A. No，you don’t B. No, it shouldn’t C. I’m afraid not D. Don’t keep it 解析：不同意对方的委婉拒绝方式用I’m afraid not。‎ ‎4.(全国II卷18). –Can I help you? Are you looking for anything in particular today？‎ ‎—_____，we’re just looking.‎ A. Yes, please B. No, thank you C. Yes，you can D. No, you needn’t 解析：结合语境，考查拒绝帮助的答语。问话者想给对方提供帮助，答语者要么拒绝，要么接受，但是要考虑礼貌用语，所以不选A，选择B。‎ ‎5.(安徽卷24).—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?‎ ‎— , does it?‎ A.It makes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesn’t hurt to ask D. It doesn’t make sense 解析：It doesn’t hurt to ask意为“又不是不能问；问一下也无妨”； It counts for nothing意为“这不算什 么”； It doesn’t make sense意为“没有意义；讲不通”； It take no time意为“这不花时间”。‎ 句意：——你知道Linda是否愿负责这个项目吗？‎ ‎——问一下也无妨，不是吗？‎ ‎6.(安徽卷35).—______?‎ ‎—That would be great! Please drop me off at the library.‎ A .Could you bring me the bill B. Would you like me to give you a lift C. Could you tell me the postcode for Patia D. Would you like to have my e-mail address.‎ 解析：——你想让我给你打个便车吗would you like me to give you a lift？‎ ‎——太棒了！请到图书馆让我下车。”‎ ‎7.(江苏卷27). —Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?‎ ‎—_________.Ours is much stronger than theirs.‎ A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means 解析：by no means 表示绝不。而Of course当然，It depends.表示看情况而定，Don’t mention it不要提。‎ ‎8.(江苏卷31).—I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain ‎ ‎ —Why not consult with Frank? You see, _________.‎ A. great minds think alike B. two heads are better than one C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush D. it’s better to think twice before doing something 解析：B表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮。. A英雄所见略同。‎ C一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林。 D三思而后行。‎ ‎9.(江西卷21). —Do you enjoy your present job? — . I just do it for a living.‎ A. Of course B. Not really C. Not likely D. Not a little 解析：of course 当然 not really 委婉说不 not likely 不可能 not a little 非常 前句问你喜欢现在的工作吗？从后一句答语我们知道, 他仅仅是为了谋生。所以前一句答语应该是否定的,而且答语口气并不强烈,所以要用委婉的语气。‎ ‎10.(辽宁卷21).—I’ll do the washing-up. Jack, would you please do the floors? —_______.‎ A. Yes,please B. No, I don’t C.Yes, sure D. No, not at all 解析：Would you please do…？是一个表示请求的句型，对该句型的回答，肯定同意用Sure./Certainly. /Of course. / By all means. / Yes, do please. / Here you are. / Help yourself. (可以/当然/拿去/请便。)否定I’m afraid… (我恐怕……)I’m sorry, but…(对不起，但是……)I’m sorry you can’t. /You’d better not. (很抱歉，不行。/你最好别这样。)显然，只有Yes，sure符合语境。‎ ‎11.(山东卷21). —Do you think you could do without help?‎ ‎ —______. This is not the first time for me.‎ ‎ A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Don’t worry 解析：根据后置语境This is not the first time for me可知，答语应表示“没问题，别担心”之意，所以D项符合语境。‎ ‎12.(山东卷34). — Her father is very rich.‎ ‎—________ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.‎ ‎ A. What for? B. So what? C. No doubt. D. No wonder.‎ 解析：句意应为“---她父亲非常富裕。---那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助，她也不会接受的。”表示“那又怎么样？”用So what? 。What for？表示“为了什么？”；No doubt 表示“毫无疑问”；No wonder 表示“毫不奇怪”。‎ ‎13.(陕西卷1)3. –What’s the noise? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs. ‎ ‎ --______.It must be the window-cleaner working, next door. ‎ A. I’m not sure B. I hope not C. I’d rather not D. I don’t think so ‎ 解析：A项意思是：我不确信；B项意思是：我希望不会；C项意思是：我宁愿不；D项意思是：我认为不会。根据应答句的后一分句意思可知所填部分表示对前一人的观点的否定，故选D。‎ ‎14.(陕西卷25). —What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking?‎ ‎ — . But we need to be home before six o’clock for the football match.. ‎ ‎ A. Have a nice time. B. Pardon me C. That’s great D. You are right 解析：Have a nice time：祝你玩的高兴；pardon me：原谅我；that’s great：那太好了；you are right：你说的对。由问句中的shall we. . . ？可知表示征求意见，由此情景可知此处选C。‎ ‎15.(四川卷)1. - Here’s your change.‎ ‎— ‎ A. Thank you. B. Don’t mention it. C. No problem D. With pleasure.‎ 解析：句意为：“这是找你的零钱。”“谢谢”。A符合语境。B用于回答道谢或道谦；C、D用于回答求助。‎ ‎16.(四川卷13).一I’m sorry. That wasn’t of much help. ‎ ‎ 一Oh， . As a matter of fact，it was most helpful. ‎ ‎ A. sure it was B. it doesn’t matter C. of course not D. thanks anyway 解析：后句中的As a matter of fact, it was most helpful,可知是对前句表意的否定，所以A项合适。句意为：“对不起，那帮助不太大。当然不是了，实际上，它很有用。”‎ ‎17.(天津卷2). —-Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?‎ ‎ —-Sure._______?‎ A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want ‎ 解析：第一个人询问是否可以帮忙，从第二个人的回答sure，可以知道他愿意，接着问，具体是什么事，用What is it？意思是“什么事？”。‎ 句意：—劳驾，你能帮帮我吗？—好的，什么事？‎ ‎18.(天津卷7).—Professor Johoson, I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.‎ ‎—______. How about next week?‎ A. Good for you B. It won’t bother me C. Not at all D. That’s OK 解析：根据后面的How about next week，可以看出，Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系，所以，用That’s OK。‎ 句意：—约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周完不成报告。 —好的，下周怎么样？‎ ‎19.(重庆卷26).—Honey, let’s go out four dinner.‎ ‎— I don’t have to cook.‎ A.Forget it! B.That’s great! C. Why? D. Go ahead.‎ 解析：句意为“亲爱的，我们出去吃饭吧。”“太好了，我不必做饭了。”所以选B。A. Forget it. 没关系 C. Why 为什么 D. Go ahead 随便 均不符合语境。‎ ‎20.(重庆卷35). — Have you played baseball before? We need one more player.‎ ‎— .I like ball games, so I believe it will be fun to learn baseball.‎ A. Sometimes B. Not really C. Never mind D. That’s cool 解析：not really 说明自己没打过棒球，与后面的“我认为学打棒球很有趣”相吻合。‎ ‎21.(浙江卷13).—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?‎ ‎ —__ She is willing to play against any tough players.‎ ‎ A. I think so. B. I'm not surprised. C. Of course. D. Not likely!‎ 解析：根据语境：“她会介意与她之前的队友们对垒吗？”“她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。”分析四个选项：I think so. 我想是这样的。I’m not surprised. 一点也不奇怪。Of course. 当然。Not ‎ likely!（大概）不会。此处表示不介意，所以选择D。‎ ‎22.(浙江卷18).—According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold.‎ ‎ — __ , scientists agree with her.‎ ‎ A. Sooner or later B. Once in a while C. To be exact D. Believe it or not 解析：根据句意：“根据我祖母的观点，感冒时喝鸡汤是个好主意。”“信不信由你，科学家也同意她的观点。”选择D。A迟早，B偶尔，有时，C准确地说等三个答案均不符合句意。‎