高考一轮课程英语 全国通用版 A healthy life 教案 21页

‎2019年高考一轮复习 A healthy life 教材版本 全国通用 课时说明（建议）‎ ‎2课时 知识点 Key words and phases in this unit stress　(压力；重音,加压力于；使紧张) addicted（入迷的；上了瘾的）‎ effect　n．结果；影响；效力.ashamed　adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 复习目标 1. Improve the students’ reading ability. 　　‎ 2. Get the students to understand the text fully. 　　‎ ‎3. To talk about the importance of health and the harmful effects of smoking.‎ 复习重点 1. Get students to learn different reading skills.‎ 2. Lets students learn the new grammar of it.‎ 3. Enable students to grasp and use the expressions of addicted.‎ 复习难点 1. how to make every student get involved in class learning actively and attentively.‎ 2. Get students to learn different reading skills.‎ 一、自我诊断 知己知彼 ‎ I. 单句语法填空 ‎1．Once when I was facing a decision ________ involved high risk，I went to a friend.‎ ‎2．He placed stress ________ the importance of a good education.‎ ‎3．She was afraid the dog would get the family ________ trouble.‎ ‎4．I was completely disappointed ________ (hear) that.‎ ‎5．He was ashamed of ________ happened and bowed his head.‎ ‎6．But there is something unclear for me，so I would appreciate it ________ you could give me more information.‎ ‎7．They find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become ________ (accustom)．‎ ‎8．The chances of living long are much higher due ________ better diets and health care.‎ ‎9．Do you feel like ________ (go) to a movie?‎ ‎10．Fining drivers who are in areas where cars ________________(ban) can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.‎ ‎【答案】1.that　2.on　3.into　4.to hear　5.what　6.if 7．accustomed　8.to　9.going　10.have ‎ been banned Ⅱ. 单句改错 ‎1．He didn't make itself clear when and where the meeting would be held.‎ ‎2．He has addicted to drugs for several years.‎ ‎3．The officials are always reminded not to abusing their power.‎ ‎4．I ashamed of having lied to my teacher that day.‎ ‎5．The way to get started is to quit talk and begin doing.‎ ‎6．I think the company places too many stress on cost and not enough on quality.‎ ‎【答案】1.itself→it　2.has后加上been　3.abusing→abuse　4.ashamed前加was　5.talk→talking　6.many→much 二、温故知新 夯实基础 考纲单词精讲 ‎1. stress　n．压力；重音　vt. 加压力于；使紧张 教材原句 Others may think it will help them with stress in their lives...‎ 其他人认为它将有助于(缓减)他们生活中的压力……‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)under stress 在压力之下 under the stress of 在……压力下 lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调某事物 ‎(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 ‎(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的 ‎(4)stressful adj. 有压力的；紧张的 语境助记 ‎①Janet’s been under_a_lot_of_stress since her mother’s illness.‎ 珍妮特自从她母亲生病以来承受了很大压力。‎ ‎②She lays great_stress_on punctuality.‎ 她十分注重守时。‎ ‎③Her son’s illness put her under great stress.‎ 她儿子的病使她感到沉重的压力。‎ ‎④He stressed the importance of accepting a good education at the meeting.‎ 他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。‎ ‎⑤If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance.‎ 如果你因工作责任而感到紧张的话，你应该退一步想想，并且辨别一下哪些工作更重要，哪些不太重要。‎ ‎⑥It is a very stressful time for all the students before the final examination.‎ 对所有学生来说期末前夕是一段有压力的时期。‎ ‎⑦After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.‎ 在为期一周的紧张工作之后，所有职工都心力交瘁，疲惫不堪，他们抱怨说很少有人能够在压力下高效地工作。‎ ‎2. addicted　adj.入迷的；上了瘾的 教材原句 You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.源：21cnj*y.co*m】‎ 你知道，在青春期时我也吸烟并且还上了瘾。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于……；专心做……‎ ‎(2)addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾　n．吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人 addict oneself to sth. 某人沉溺于……‎ a work addict 工作狂 ‎(3)addiction n．癖好 名师点睛 不管是动词addict还是形容词addicted或名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。语境助记 ‎①Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.‎ 有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。‎ ‎②His son addicted himself to computer games.‎ 他的儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。‎ ‎③I’m 19 years old and I used to be a drug addict.‎ 我19岁了，曾经吸毒成瘾。‎ ‎④He is now fighting his addiction to alcohol.‎ 他现在正努力戒酒。‎ ‎3. effect　n．结果；影响；效力 教材原句 When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking.‎ 在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)have an effect on/upon 对……有效；对……产生影响 put/bring sth. into effect 实施；实行；使生效 come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施 be of no effect 没有效果的；没有影响的 side effect 副作用 ‎(2)effective adj.有效的；起作用的 语境助记 ‎①These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone.‎ 自从我开始使用智能手机，网络的这些影响变得更引人注目。‎ ‎②These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.‎ 这些激素对心脏和血流也有积极的影响。‎ ‎③New controls come into effect next month.‎ 下月开始实施新的管制措施。‎ ‎④They decided to put the plan into effect as soon as possible.‎ 他们决定尽快实施这项计划。‎ ‎⑤The medicine soon took effect.‎ 药很快见效了。‎ ‎⑥One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.‎ 减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈论感受。‎ ‎4. ashamed　adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 教材原句 If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.‎ 如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得惭愧。21世纪1‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be/feel ashamed of 因……感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事 feel/be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧 ‎(2)……真让人遗憾 真可惜！‎ 语境助记 ‎①I read those two lines over and over. I was ashamed of myself.21cnjy.com 我反复地读了那两行。我深感羞愧。‎ ‎②You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.‎ 你撒这种谎应为自己感到羞愧。‎ ‎③I’m ashamed to admit that I’ve never read any of his books.‎ 我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。‎ ‎④I heard you had your watch stolen. What a shame!‎ 我听说你的手表被偷了，真可惜！‎ ‎⑤It’s a shame that she isn’t here to see it.‎ 真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。‎ 易混辨析 ashamed 通常作表语，表示“(人)感到羞耻的；惭愧的”‎ shameful 可作定语或表语，指“(事情或行为本身)可耻；不道德”‎ ‎⑥用ashamed/shameful填空 a．I’m ashamed to say I haven’t passed the examination this time.‎ b．It’s shameful to steal others’ things.‎ ‎5.　due　adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 教材原句 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.‎ 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。‎ 归纳拓展 be due 预定/计划(做)某事 ‎(be) due to 归功于；因为；由于；应支付；应给予某人 表示“由于，因为”的介词短语：‎ owing to; thanks to; because of; as a result of; on account of 语境助记 ‎①Any money that is due_to_you will be paid before the end of the month.‎ 欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。‎ ‎②This accident was due_to the driver’s carelessness.‎ 该事故是由于司机的大意引起的。 ‎ 核心短语诠释 ‎1. (be) accustomed to 习惯于……(表状态)‎ 教材原句 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.‎ 这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表动作)‎ ‎(2)accustom vt.使习惯于 accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于……‎ 语境助记 ‎①I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.‎ 我习惯于睡前听点轻音乐。‎ ‎②She was a person accustomed to having eight hours’ sleep a night.211‎ 她是那种习惯每晚睡八小时的人。‎ ‎③It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.‎ 我过了一段时间才适应了所有的新规章制度。‎ ‎2. in spite of 不管；不顾 教材原句 In spite of all his efforts he failed.‎ 尽管他做了所有努力，但还是失败了。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)不管；不顾 ‎(2)in spite of the fact that...(同位语从句)‎ ‎＝(al) though＋从句 虽然……；尽管……‎ 语境助记 ‎①In spite of the hot weather, students still practice in the playground.2·1·c·n·j·y 尽管天气炎热，学生们仍在操场上训练。‎ ‎②It’s unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life in spite of his great wealth.www-2-1-cnjy-com 令人难以置信的是卢卡斯先生尽管很有钱，却过着那么简朴的生活。‎ ‎③In spite of the fact that doctors have warned that smoking does harm to health, people still keep on smoking.‎ 尽管医生已经警告吸烟有害健康，人们还是继续吸烟。‎ ‎3. take risks/a risk 冒险 教材原句 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.‎ 他觉得他必须下定决心走好每一步，而不是去冒险。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1) at risk 处境危险；遭受危险 at the risk of... 冒着……的风险 take/run risks/a risk to do 冒险做……‎ ‎(2) risk doing... 冒险做……‎ risk one’s life to_do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 语境助记 ‎①You have no right to take_risks with other people’s lives.‎ 你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。‎ ‎②People who are overweight run_a_risk of a heart attack or stroke.‎ 超重的人有犯心脏病和中风的危险。‎ ‎③Young people may risk_going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.‎ 年轻人如果每天都暴露于很吵闹的音乐中，他们就会冒耳朵变聋的危险。‎ ‎④Never put your family at_risk .‎ 绝对不要让你的家人处于危险之中。‎ ‎⑤New experiences often mean taking_some_risks,_so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.‎ 新经历常常意味着冒一些风险，因此你的大脑也就提升了你的抗风险能力。‎ ‎⑥He took/ran the risk of losing his own life and saved my life in the cold river.‎ ‎＝He risked his own life and saved my life in the cold river.‎ ‎＝He saved my life in the cold river at_the_risk_of his own life.‎ 他冒着失去自己生命的危险，在冰冷的河水里救了我。‎ 教材原句 get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place! ‎ 当然，对付这些毒品最好的方法就是一开始就不要染上它！‎ 归纳拓展 get across (使)被理解；(使)通过 get along/on with 相处；进展 get away 逃脱；离开 get over 克服；越过 get through 通过；穿过；接通电话 get into debt 负债累累 get into trouble 陷入困境 get into the habit of 养成……的习惯 语境助记 ‎①He got into trouble with the police while he was still at school.‎ 他还在上学时就与警方发生过纠葛。‎ ‎②If you continue spending money like this, you’ll get into debt.‎ 如果你继续这样花钱，你会负债的。‎ ‎③How can I get it across to you how important this is?‎ 我怎么做才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？‎ ‎④As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates.‎ 作为一个外向的女孩，我和同学们相处很融洽。‎ 高考句型突破 ‎1. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(P18)‎ 我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。‎ 句中使用了一个同级比较结构：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as结构，意为“和……一样……”。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that... 如此……以致于……‎ ‎＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...‎ ‎(2)so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as... 和……一样……‎ ‎(3)as＋adj.＋as... 和……一样……‎ ‎(4)too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋to do... 太……而不能……‎ 语境助记 ‎①I hope you can quit smoking and live as_healthy_a_life_as I have.21·cn·jy·com 我希望你能戒烟并能像我一样过一种健康的生活。‎ ‎②It’s too_high_a_price for us to pay.‎ 这个价格太高，我们付不起。‎ ‎③He was not so_quick_a_learner_as his brother.‎ 他学东西不像他哥哥那样快。‎ ‎④This is so_difficult_a_problem_that no one can work it out.＝This is such_a_difficult_problem_that no one can work it out.‎ 这道题太难，没有人能解答出来。‎ ‎2. I knew it was time to quit smoking.‎ 我知道是我该戒烟的时候了。‎ 归纳拓展 It’s time to do sth. 到了做……的时间了 It’s time for sth. 到了……的时间了 It’s (high/about) time that sb. did/should do...到了某人做……的时间了 It/This/That is/was the first/second...time that sb. have/had done sth.‎ 这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事 语境助记 ‎①It was time for her to have a new baby, and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ 是她怀孕的时候了，同时也是小熊猫独立的时候了。‎ ‎②It’s high time that we students worked/should work even harder at our lessons as the exam is coming nearer.‎ 到了我们学生们更加努力学习的时候了，因为考试越来越临近了。‎ ‎③It was the third time that Lin Dan had took part/participated in the Olympic Games.‎ 这是林丹第三次参加奥运会了。‎ 语法知识冲关 it的用法(1)‎ it作人称代词 ‎1．it的最基本的用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复。‎ Xi’an is a beautiful city, isn’t it?‎ ‎2．也可以指动物或婴儿(有时也可指未知性别的人)。‎ The baby cried because it was hungry.‎ it作非人称代词 it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it。‎ It is a long way to the factory.‎ it作形式主语 it替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句首，而把真正的主语置于句尾。‎ ‎1．代替不定式作主语 ‎(1)It be＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.‎ ‎(此处的adj.多为描述事件的形容词)‎ It is illegal for a teenager to drive a car without a license.‎ ‎(2)It be＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.‎ ‎(此处adj.多为描述人的形容词)‎ It’s kind of you to help me with the problem.‎ ‎2．代替动名词作主语 常见句型为：‎ It is no good/use doing...　做……是没有好处/没用的 It’s worthwhile doing...　做……是值得的 It’s useless/no use doing...　做……是没用的 It’s no use crying over spilt milk.‎ ‎3．代替主语从句作主语 ‎(1)It is＋adj.＋that从句 此句型中常见的形容词为：clear, obvious, true, possible, certain等。‎ It’s very clear that he made a mistake.‎ ‎(2)It is＋v.ed＋that从句 ‎＝sb./sth. is＋v.ed＋to do 此句型中常见的过去分词为：said, reported, learned, believed, thought, known, told, hoped等。‎ It is said that he has gone to Beijing.‎ ‎＝He is said to have gone to Beijing.‎ ‎(3)It is＋n.＋that从句 此句型中常见名词为：a pity, a shame, an honour, a good thing, a fact, a surprise等。‎ 名师点睛 此句型中，that后从句常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，其中should可省，表示出乎意料。若无此意义时，则无需用虚拟语气。‎ It’s a pity that such a thing should happen (happen) in your class.‎ It’s a pity that he is (be) ill.‎ it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语置于宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。此句型中常见动词有：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。‎ I think it no use arguing with them.‎ He made it clear that he was not interested in the subject.‎ 三、典例剖析 思维拓展 考点一 用所给词的正确形式填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ 例1 The man had so little education that he was ________ (fit) for this job.‎ ‎【答案】unfit　‎ ‎【解析】考查词形转换。根据句意可知，此处需填unfit“不合适的”。句意：这个男人受的教育如此少，以至于他不适合这份工作。‎ 例2 When I was a child, mother laid great stress ________ my proper behavior.‎ ‎【答案】on　考查固定搭配。‎ ‎【解析】lay/put/place stress on sth.“强调某事物”。‎ 考点二 it的用法 例1 I hate ________ when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.‎ ‎【答案】it　‎ ‎【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我讨厌在我工作时她打电话过来，我总是忙得不能和她交谈。hate/like/appreciate等词后跟从句时，通常要用it作形式宾语。‎ 例2 Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around ________.‎ ‎【答案】it　‎ ‎【解析】考查代词。it指代上文提到的公园。‎ 四、举一反三 成果巩固 ‎ 考点一 用所给词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1．Larger transparent animals take ________ (effect) action to reduce light spreading.‎ ‎【答案】effective　‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。修饰名词action应用形容词形式，故填effective。句意：更大型的透明动物采取有效行动以减少光的传播。中/华-21世纪1‎ ‎2． Her son addicted himself to ________ (smoke), which had a bad effect on his health.‎ ‎【答案】smoking ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。addict oneself to doing/sth.“某人沉溺于……”。句意：她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。‎ ‎3．My uncle hasn’t been able to quit ________(smoke), but at least he has cut down.‎ ‎【答案】smoking　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词ing形式作宾语。quit后常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，quit smoking“戒烟”。‎ ‎4．I don’t have an appetite these days and don’t feel like ________ (eat) anything.‎ ‎【答案】eating　‎ ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。feel like doing“想要做某事”。‎ ‎5．People are ________ (ban) from smoking in many public places in England.‎ ‎【答案】banned　‎ ‎【解析】考查被动语态。people与ban之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。句意：在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。‎ ‎6．Supposing I didn’t come yesterday, would you feel ________ (disappoint)?‎ ‎【答案】disappointed　‎ ‎【解析】考查词形转换。主语为人，故应用形容词disappointed; disappointing用来修饰物。句意：假设我昨天没来，你会感到失望吗？‎ ‎7．Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up ________ (mental) and physically.‎ ‎【答案】mentally　‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。由and可知，此处与physically是并列的，故应用副词形式。‎ 考点二 选词填空 become addicted to; decide on; be accustomed to; take risks; get into;‎ ‎ in spite of; due to; be ashamed of; throw away; feel like ‎1．His son has ________ drugs.‎ ‎【答案】become addicted to ‎2．His grandfather has____________living in the mountains from his childhood. www.21-cn-jy.com ‎【答案】been accustomed to ‎3．I have________ buying a bike for my brother’s birthday.‎ ‎【答案】decided on ‎4．She ________ having failed in the examination.‎ ‎【答案】was ashamed of ‎5．Tell me in case you ________ trouble.‎ ‎【答案】get into ‎6．—How did you find your Christmas holiday?‎ ‎—________ the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.‎ ‎【答案】In spite of ‎7．It was a mistake ________ carelessness.‎ ‎【答案】due to ‎8．Everyone who wants to succeed must ________.‎ ‎【答案】take risks ‎9．It’s quite hot today. Do you ________ going for a swim?‎ ‎【答案】feel like ‎10．Determined to give up smoking, he ________ his remaining cigarettes.‎ ‎【答案】threw away 考点三 单句语法填空 ‎ 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．________is shown in the picture, many animals are in danger now.‎ ‎【答案】As　‎ ‎【解析】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎2．The young man hopes to live as simple a life ________ his grandpa.‎ ‎【答案】as　‎ ‎【解析】考查固定句型。句意：这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as“和……一样”。‎ ‎3．It is high time that the children ________ (go) to bed.‎ ‎【答案】went/should go　‎ ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：孩子们该上床睡觉了。该句型中that从句中谓语形式为：did/should do。‎ ‎4．He is ________ experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.‎ ‎【答案】too　‎ ‎【解析】考查“too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋to do”结构。句意：他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会为批评家们的议论而担忧。‎ ‎5．If you have a job, ________ devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.‎ ‎【答案】do　‎ ‎【解析】考查“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成的强调句，意为“确实；的确”。用来加强谓语动词的语气。句意：如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。‎ 考点四 it的用法 ‎1．—Who’s that at the door?‎ ‎—________is the milkman.‎ ‎【答案】It　考查代词。‎ ‎【解析】it在本句中用来指代未知性别的人。句意：——门口那人是谁？——是送奶工。‎ ‎2．________is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.‎ ‎【答案】It　‎ ‎【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里，来自比较贫困的社会经济背景下的年轻人往往会表现不佳。“that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system”为主语从句，是真正的主语。‎ ‎3．________ was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.‎ ‎【答案】It　‎ ‎【解析】考查“It is/was＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.”句式。‎ 五、分层训练 能力进阶 ‎ ‎【基础达标】‎ Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1. Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel________(stress)．‎ ‎2.The court has yet to pass________(judge) in this case.‎ ‎3. It’s________(legal) to carry guns in our country.‎ ‎4. I’ve never felt so________(embarrass) in my life.‎ ‎5. The boy was almost________(breath) when he stopped running.‎ ‎6. The government of the people，by the people and for the people must________(strengthen)．‎ ‎7.They were accused of________(abuse) their power to keep prices artificially high.‎ ‎8. At one time，she is fine，but at another，she is________(normal)．‎ ‎9. She really feels like________(have) a talk with him about his study at school.‎ ‎10.—They are quiet，aren’t they？‎ ‎—Yes. They are accustomed to________(not talk) at meals.‎ ‎【答案】1.stressed　2.judgement　3.illegal　4.embarrassed　5.breathless　6.be strengthened　7.abusing　8.abnormal　9.having　10.not talking Ⅱ. 语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Do you have sleeping problems？Then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.‎ Set aside the thought __1__ you have to fall asleep. The more you think __2__ it, the more you can’t sleep.‎ The foods you eat also play __3__ important part. Avoid eating or drinking foods or things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and ‎ never in the afternoon, __4__ (especial) before going to bed. Don’t eat too much at night. A full stomach will make you more difficult __5__ (fall) asleep because your body is working－time to digest the food you ate.‎ Make a __6__ (fix) time when to go to bed. For example, by 9 o’clock in the evening you should already be in bed. Do this even if you’re not sleepy yet. Once __7__ (follow) this routine, you will gradually see that you feel __8__ (sleep) when it’s 9 o’clock.‎ Make your room comfortable for sleeping. You should also take note that the sleeping environment also affects your sleep. It must be in the room __9__ it’s not noisy. Otherwise, you will find __10__ difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.‎ ‎1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5.________　‎ ‎6.________　7.________　8.________ 9.________ 10.________‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文中讲述的是如何解决睡眠问题。‎ ‎1．【答案】that　‎ ‎【解析】考查同位语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，也不缺少语义，故填that。‎ ‎2．【答案】of/about　‎ ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。think of/about意为“考虑；思考”。‎ ‎3．【答案】an　‎ ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。play an important part意为“起重要作用”。‎ ‎4．【答案】especially　‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。此处修饰介词短语，故用副词。‎ ‎5．【答案】to fall　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处不定式用作状语，修饰形容词。‎ ‎6．【答案】fixed　‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。空格后为名词，因此应用形容词fixed，表示“固定的”。‎ ‎7．【答案】following　‎ ‎【解析】 考查省略句。follow与you之间为主动关系，Once为连词，“连词＋非谓语”作状语。‎ ‎8．【答案】sleepy　‎ ‎【解析】 考查词性转换。feel作为系动词，其后应跟形容词，故填sleepy。‎ ‎9．【答案】where　 ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为room，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎10【答案】it　‎ ‎【解析】考查代词。it为形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语。‎ ‎【能力提升】‎ Ⅲ. 阅读理解 A People aren’t walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.‎ I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in any hurry，either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness：motorosis.‎ It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune (免疫的)，for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time，we regarded 25 miles as a good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Statue of Liberty.‎ Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician，Sir Adolphe Abrahams，pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.‎ It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees，flowers，insects，birds and animals，the significance of seasons，the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. He cannot learn in a car.‎ The car is a convenient means of transport，but we have made it our way of life. Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.‎ I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.‎ ‎【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了汽车给我们的生活带来了方便的同时使人们变懒了，其实适当的步行有益于身体健康。‎ ‎1.What is the national sickness？‎ A．Walking too much. B．Traveling too much.‎ C．Driving cars too much. D．Climbing stairs too much.‎ ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】‎ 考查细节理解。文章第二段作者用自己的实际情况举例，281步的距离竟然开车去邮寄包裹，暗示着国民的通病是用车过度。故选C项。‎ ‎2.What was life like when the author was young？‎ A．People usually went around on foot.‎ B．People often walked 25 miles a day.‎ C．People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.‎ D．People considered a tenhour walk as a hardship.‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】考查细节理解。依据文章第三段中的“for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs”可知，作者在小时候，经常走着去很多地方。故选A项。‎ ‎3.The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that________.‎ A．middle-aged people like getting back to nature B．walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind C．people need regular exercise to keep fit D．going on foot prevents heart disease ‎【答案】B　‎ ‎【解析】考查细节理解。依据文章第五段的内容可知，作者提到Henry Thoreau是想告诉人们走路的优势，可以欣赏美景、享受大自然，这些是开车享受不到的。故选B项。‎ ‎4.What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6？‎ A．A queue of cars. B．A ray of traffic light.‎ C．A flash of lightning. D．A stream of people.‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】考查句意理解。根据本句中的“on a concrete road”和下一句中的“waiting for the traffic light”可知，这里指车流。故选A项。‎ ‎5.What is the author’s intention of writing this passage？‎ A．To tell people to reflect more on life.‎ B．To recommend people to give up driving.‎ C．To advise people to do outdoor activities.‎ D．To encourage people to return to walking.‎ ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【解析】‎ 考查写作意图。作者在文中论述了汽车带给人们便利的同时，减少了人们接近大自然的机会，也减少了锻炼的机会，这样对身体有害，同时作者强调了步行的益处，故作者的目的是鼓励人们减少用车，选择步行。故选D项。‎ B We’ve reached a strange－some would say unusual－point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO)，more people now die from being overweight，or say，from being extremely fat，than from being underweight. It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.‎ Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What’s going on？‎ We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2019 and the message is getting through－up to a point.‎ In the 1970s，Finland，for example，had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more.A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.‎ Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2019 and 2019，and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. That has become a sort of fashion. No wonder it ranks as the world’s most bodyconscious country.‎ We know what we should be doing to lose weight－but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.‎ Others blame good food. They say：it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Still others lay the blame on the Americans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.‎ Some also blame their parents－their genes. But unfortunately，the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape，or rather slim.‎ It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say－not as I do.‎ ‎【语篇导读】‎ 本文属于说明文。题材为饮食与健康。减肥，立马行动还是找托辞呢？根据WHO最近的调查，当全球同饥饿作斗争的时候，更多的人死于过度肥胖。报告显示：生活太好更有可能夺走我们宝贵的生命。因此减肥刻不容缓。‎ ‎6.What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence？‎ A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.‎ B．Starvation is taking more people’s lives in the world.‎ C．WHO report shows people’s unawareness of food safety.‎ D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO’s efforts.‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中提到的肥胖的人要比消瘦的人死亡几率大得多，生活太好更有可能使我们死亡。由此判断第一句提到的奇怪的观点(strange point)就是指好的生活比不好的生活更具有危险性。故选A。‎ ‎7.Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight？‎ A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.‎ B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.‎ C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.‎ D．There are too many overweight people in the world.‎ ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段关键信息The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2019...可推测，人们已经完全意识到了过度肥胖所带来的危险。故选C。‎ ‎8.The example of Finland is used to illustrate________.‎ A．the cause of heart disease B．the fashion of body shaping C．the effectiveness of a campaign D．the history of a bodyconscious country ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】推理判断题。由第四段内容可知，进入70年代，芬兰是世界上心脏病发病率最高的国家，主要原因就是过度肥胖。根据第四段最后一句话可知，在近三十年内，全民健康运动使心脏病的发病率减少了80%。因此，引用芬兰的例子就是为了表明全民健身运动的有效性。‎ ‎9.Which would be the best title for the passage？‎ A．Actions or Excuses？‎ B．Overweight or Underweight？‎ C．WHO in a Dilemma D．No Longer Dying of Hunger ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】：主旨大意题。文章第六段是关键信息段。我们都知道我们该做的事就是减肥，但是知易行难，一多半的人承认我们缺乏意志力。故Actions or Excuses？为标题。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 假定你是李华，今天上午上英语课时身体不适，课后你的外籍教师Peter送你去医院，之后他因故返回学校。现在Peter发短信了解你的病情，请根据以下内容，回复短信。‎ 内容主要包括：‎ ‎1.感谢；‎ ‎2.现状(发烧，医生建议留院观察两天)；‎ ‎3.心情(尽快康复，返回课堂)。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Peter，‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】‎ Peter，‎ Thank you for texting. It’s kind of you to take me to hospital when I felt sick in the English lesson this morning. I am quite grateful for what you have done for me.‎ Because of your timely help, I could get treated in time, or I couldn’t imagine what it would be like. I am much better now. My doctor thinks I’ve just got a cold. But I have been told that I need to stay in hospital for two days and receive further examination because I still have a fever.‎ I am looking forward to being well soon and with you again in your lively class. See you then.‎ Li Hua