2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（17）（含解析） 12页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（17）‎ 李仕才 A ‎(2017·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)‎ Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue.‎ Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.‎ At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.‎ After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision. It was not until 1920 that the U．S. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.‎ Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.‎ ‎1．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?‎ A．They had low social status.‎ B．They could vote after getting married.‎ C．They managed money for their husbands.‎ D．They were responsible for decisionmaking.‎ ‎2．What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Susan’s teaching experiences.‎ B．Susan’s educational background.‎ C．Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery.‎ D．Susan’s fighting for women’s causes.‎ 12‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?‎ A．Promoting the social movement.‎ B．Changing the U．S. Constitution.‎ C．Giving women voting rights.‎ D．Uniting other areas and states.‎ ‎4．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins B．The Problem of Women’s Rights in the U．S.‎ C．The Most Popular Women Organizations D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women’s Rights ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权、更好的受教育权等权利。‎ ‎1．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At that time...Women could not vote.”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。‎ ‎2．D　解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权、更好的受教育权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。故D项正确。‎ B ‎(2015·南宁第二次适应性考试) ‎ A teenager has published a study suggesting the federal government could save millions of dollars a year in printing costs by switching to a thinner font(字体) that 12‎ ‎ uses less ink.‎ Suvir Mirchandani，14，who lives in the Township of O’Hara，said he noticed there were plenty of talks at school about saving paper and he wondered about saving ink.Suvir said on Friday that the idea began when he was in middle school and he noticed that some teachers used heavier fonts for printing.He said he was already interested in graphic (印刷的) design and used a software program to estimate how much ink different fonts used.‎ He expanded the study to look at potential savings by the federal government，and a new essay on his research was published this month in the Journal of Emerging Investigators，a peerreviewed journal designed for creative middle and high school students.He found that the Office of Management and Budget had already estimated that federal agencies would spend about $ 1.8 billion in printing for this year and that ink was more expensive than paper on a perpage basis.‎ In his essay，“A Simple Printing Solution to Aid Deficit Reduction”，Suvir analyzed five documents produced by five U．S.government agencies and estimated how much ink would be used with four fonts: Garamond，Verdana，Times New Roman and Century Gothic.The analysis estimated that using 12point Garamond would save most，about 29 percent in ink costs.‎ Suvir said his school district looked at the idea but hasn’t been able to take the switch.“It didn’t really catch on，”he said，“I understand it’s hard to make the change.”‎ ‎1．In Suvir’s opinion，how can the federal government save printing costs?‎ 12‎ A．By saving paper.‎ B．By printing on both sides of the paper.‎ C．By using heavier fonts.‎ D．By turning to a thinner font.‎ ‎2．It can be concluded that Suvir’s study is ________．‎ A．interesting　　　　　 B．popular C．worthwhile D．unique ‎3．Which font does Suvir recommend in printing?‎ A．Garamond. B．Times New Roman.‎ C．Verdana. D．Century Gothic.‎ ‎4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________．‎ A．Suvir feels regretful that the school district shows no interest in his idea B．Suvir is uncertain whether the school district will accept his idea C．Suvir believes that the school district will agree with him D．Suvir is unhappy that the school district refused him ‎【解题导语】　14岁少年Suvir Mirchandani经过研究发表了文章，建议联邦政府用改变字体的方式减少对油墨的使用以达到节约的目的。‎ ‎1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“suggesting the federal government could save millions of dollars a year in printing costs by switching to a thinner font(字体) that uses less ink”可知，Suvir认为联邦政府可以通过切换到更细的字体达到节约印刷费用的目的，即D项正确。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。文章第三段提到了他的文章发表了，第四段讲述了他的文章中提到利用12point Garamond将节约大概29%的油墨费用，故C项正确。‎ 12‎ ‎3．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句“The analysis estimated that using 12point Garamond would save most，about 29% percent in ink costs.”可知，Garamond最节省油墨，Suvir推荐这种字体进行印刷，即A项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Suvir说的话可知，他的学区虽然知道了这一观点，但却没有做出改变，因为他明白要做出改变是很困难的，也就是他并不确信他的学区能否接受这一观点，即B项正确。‎ C 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family. With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good. Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor. But after arriving in Robot‎ ‎City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear). Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot‎ ‎City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive. Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?” 　　　Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans. The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into ‎ 12‎ creating Robot‎ ‎City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps. Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film. 　　　Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example). But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores. 　　My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle‎ ‎Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere. Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat. BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.” BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images. WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine. IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS. 1、This piece of writing is a _______.‎ A．commercial advertisement B．film review C．movie poster D．literary essay ‎2、The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.‎ A．Ewan McGregor B．Robin Williams C．Britney Spears D．‎Halle‎ ‎Berry ‎3、What is Shark Tale an example of?‎ A．A great cast.‎ B．A poor plot.‎ C．Special effects.‎ D．Clumsy animation.‎ ‎【参考答案】1—3、BCB D 12‎ ‎(2015·南昌一模)‎ The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep.A few dogs started barking at it.The elephant woke up in terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety.‎ That didn’t stop the elephant.It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people.The villagers were scared and angry.Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.‎ Parbati Barua’s father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer.He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk.He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant roundup—how to catch wild elephants.‎ Parbati hasn’t always lived in the jungle.After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to a boarding school in the city.But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life.“Life in the city is too dull.Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase，” she says.‎ But Parbati doesn’t catch elephants just for fun.“My work，”she says，“is to rescue men from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from men.” And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years.Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land.It is now fighting back.Whenever wild ‎ 12‎ elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.‎ The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion.A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant.“Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them.They are also more loyal than humans，”she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal.An elephant princess indeed!‎ ‎1．For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to________.‎ A．get longlasting excitement B．keep both men and elephants safe C．send them back to the jungle D．make the angry elephants tame ‎2．Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, ________．‎ A．she spent her time hunting with her father B．she learned how to sing love songs C．she had already been called the elephant princess D．she was taught how to hunt tigers ‎3. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because________.‎ A．they are caught and sent for heavy work B．illegal hunters capture them and kill them C．they are attacked and their land gets limited 12‎ D．dogs often bark at them and chase them ‎4．The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that________.‎ A．people easily fall victim to elephants’ attacks B．the manelephant relationship is getting worse C．elephant tamers are in short supply D．dogs are as powerful as elephants ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了大象公主Parbati的故事。‎ ‎1．解析：选B。细节理解题。 根据第五段的第二句“‘My work，’she says, ‘is to rescue men from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from men.’”可知，Parbati捕捉大象主要是为了保障大象与人的安全，故选B项。‎ ‎2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“After a happy childhood hunting with her father，she was sent to a boarding school in the city”可知，Parbati与父亲一起打猎度过了一个幸福的童年，之后被送去市里的一个寄宿学校，故选A项。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段的第四句“Increasingly，the Indian elephant is angry：for many years，illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land.”可知，大象因遭到非法狩猎者的袭击以及领地受限而对人类进行报复，故选C项。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可推知，文章以一个大象的故事开头是为了展现人类和大象日益紧张的关系，故选B项。‎ E Do you hear that birds of a feather flock together? It certainly appears that they do. We are likely to hang around with individuals who are similar to ourselves. Poor people like to surround themselves with other poor people, and rich people with other rich people. Intelligent people associate with like-minded people, and artists typically seek out other artists.‎ 12‎ ‎ It appears that we all have comfort zones we attempt to stay within. Very stressed and poor people don’t feel comfortable associating with rich people. We owe it to each other to be successful because success breeds more success. And if we are not feeling successful, looking at who we have as friends and associates can tell us and others a lot about ourselves and why. The longer we associate with a group of individuals, the more our thinking processes become like theirs.‎ ‎ A few years ago, a doctor friend of mine began associating with a new group of people. At the time, he had a successful practice and a positive and grateful attitude to life. However, within the first six months of his association with these individuals, his attitude and goals changed , he was angry at how things were and was dissatisfied with those who’d become his opposition. He became very stubborn. As a result his practice dropped in quality of service. His facial expressions often showed anger and stress.‎ ‎ After about two years of association with this group, he learned some valuable lessons. He realized that always focusing on problems or being dissatisfied with others doesn’t lead to a rewarding life, nor does it solve as many problems as it creates. He decided that he’d rather get back into serving his patients.‎ ‎ This doctor put his heart and soul into his practice, and his life changed again. He began to attract people who focused on solutions instead of problems. His success was now more obvious than his stress—his achievement more obvious than his frustration.‎ ‎ Whom we hang out with does make a difference. The old saying ＂If you want to soar (翱翔) with the eagles, don’t flock with the turkeys.＂ has a point.‎ ‎1.What does the underlined part ＂birds of a feather flock together＂ in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ ‎ A. Birds like to take a risk to fly high in the sky.‎ ‎ B. Birds are more likely to fly together than other creatures.‎ ‎ C. People are more likely to have different attitudes to life.‎ ‎ D. People of the same kind are found together.‎ ‎2.We can infer from the passage that the individuals the doctor hung out with were ________.‎ 12‎ ‎ A. stressed B. successful ‎ ‎ C. patient D. rich ‎3.The author uses the old saying in the last paragraph to ________.‎ ‎ A. show his great literary talent ‎ ‎ B. make his article more persuasive ‎ C. raise another similar question ‎ ‎ D. suggest the end of his article ‎4.The author uses the doctor’s example to prove that ________.‎ ‎ A. bad luck never comes alone ‎ B. success breeds more success ‎ C. someone has no control over his own life ‎ D. people are likely to become like those who they associate with ‎ 【语篇解读】俗话说：物以类聚，人以群分，人们往往会和相处的人相似，所以我们要和积极的人在一起。‎ ‎1.D【解析】句意理解题。根据文章第一段的句子＂We are likely to hang around with individuals who are similar to ourselves.＂可知，＂birds of a feather flock together＂ 指的是同样的人会在一起。故选D。‎ ‎3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子＂Whom we hang out with does make a difference.＂我们和谁 在一起很重要，然后用谚语If you want to soar (翱翔) with the eagles, don’t flock with the turkeys.证明他 的观点。故选B。‎ ‎4.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的句子＂The longer we associate with a group of individuals, the more our thinking processes become like theirs.＂可知，人们可能变得和交往的人一样。故选D。‎ 12‎ 12‎