高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点 18页

情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一 情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟 情态动词+have done 用法 例句 must have done 想必，准是，一定已经做了 否定式为 can’t/couldn’t have done It must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.‎ can/could have done 本来能够做 可能做了 He could have finished the work in time.‎ Can/Could he have gone to his aunt’s ? ‎ Cannot/could not have done 不可能已经做了 He cannot have forgotten it.‎ He couldn’t have forgotten it.‎ may/might have done 可能已经做了 It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.‎ He may not have finished the work. ‎ 他也许还没完成那项工作 ‎ Should/ought to have done 本该做，而实际上未做 ‎ You ought to have done the work more carefully.‎ needn’t have done 本不必做而做了 You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.‎ had better have done 当时最好做了 You had better not have scolded her.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。‎ You had better have found a job.‎ 要是当时你找到一份工作就好了 would rather have done 宁愿当时做了 I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that.‎ would like/love to have done 过去愿意做但未做成 I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish the work.‎ 1. I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams.‎ A. Shouldn’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t 2. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.‎ A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t ‎3.----Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.‎ ‎ -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.‎ A.must B.mustn’t C.should D.shouldn’t ‎4.It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.‎ A.may B.can C.must D.should ‎5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.‎ A.could express B. would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed ‎6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day.‎ ‎ ------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself.‎ C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted ‎7.-----Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.‎ ‎ -------You it in the wrong place.‎ A. must put B. should have put C.might put D.might have put ‎8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.‎ A.should have taken B.could have taken C.needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken ‎9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning.‎ A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t ‎10.-----How did you do on the driving test?‎ ‎---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous.‎ A.would do B.could have done C.mustn’t have done D. should do ‎11.you have broken your promise; You painting the house long ago.‎ A. could have finished B. had better finish C. must have finished D.should have finished ‎12.------ I didn’t go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down.‎ ‎---------- you mine. I wasn’t using it.‎ A.should borrow B. could have borrowed C.could borrow D.must have borrowed ‎13. My newly-purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. I have left it on the train?‎ A.Could B. Should C.Must D.Would ‎14. You the meeting to tell me that .you could have come up to me afterwards.‎ A.should have come to B.needn’t have interrupted ‎ C.ought to attend D.mustn’t go to ‎15. -----What are you doing, dear?‎ ‎-------I’m watching the football game.‎ ‎-------What? You your homework first.‎ A. would have done B.must have done C.should have done D. may have done 二．情态动词常考情况 ‎1.can 表客观存在的可能 如：Accidents can happen on such rainy days.‎ Driving on the highway can be dangerous ‎2.shall 可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall.‎ You shall leave the room at once.‎ It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.‎ He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him he shall have it tomorrow.‎ My father told me, “You shall have a computer on your 18th birthday.”‎ 1. May well 与may as well may well + 动词原形，表示很可能 ‎ He may well be proud of his son.‎ ‎ Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.‎ may as well+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”‎ ‎ You may as well do it at once.‎ ‎ We may as well stay where we are.‎ 2. must 表示偏要，硬要 Must you make so much noise?‎ If you must smoke, please go out.‎ 情态动词基本用法 can,could 表能够，可能 can’t, couldn’t 不会，不能够，不可能 may 可能，征询许可 might 可能 should 应该，惊讶 ought to 应该，‎ must 必须，肯定的猜测 mustn’t 一定不要 needn’t, don’t need to 不必 shall 询问意见，表警告，威胁，许诺，规定 would 表意愿，习惯 练习 ‎1.It is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it be rather cold sometimes A. must B.can C.should D.would ‎2.Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.‎ A. shall B.should C.can D.must ‎3.Don’t let your head out of a moving bus, which lead to a terrible disaster.‎ A.can B.should C.must D.will ‎4. -----Can I pay the bill by check?‎ ‎ --------Sorry,sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash.‎ cation ‎5.----- What does the sign over there read?‎ ‎-------- “No person smoke or carry a cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”‎ A. Will B. may C. shall D. must ‎6.------I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.‎ ‎-------Don’t worry, you have it by Friday.‎ A. Could B.shall C.must D.may ‎7. Being examed twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver obey in this city.‎ A.shall B.can C.ought to D.need ‎8.-----Mum, would you please buy me an MP5 player?‎ ‎ ----If you can help do some housework the whole vacation, you have one as a reward.‎ A. must B. need C.would D . shall ‎9. It is a set rule that all payment be made by the end of the month.‎ A.will B. shall C. can D. may ‎10.Lisa well not want to go on the trip. She hates travelling.‎ A.will B. can C.must D.may ‎11. ------The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.‎ ‎-------I think you as well consult an experienced worker.‎ A. may B.can C.need D.must ‎ 12. If you talk about it with me, please wait till I finish my work at hand.‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must D. should ‎ 13. Nick, stop screaming like crasy! Why you watch that stupid football match at one in the morning?‎ ‎ A. shall B. would C. should D. must ‎ 14. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must D. will ‎ 15.-----May I smoke here?‎ ‎ -------If you , choose a seat in the smoking section.‎ A. Should B. could C.may D.must ‎ 16. -------Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?‎ ‎ -------I wanted to, but my mum simply not let me out so ‎ late at night.‎ A. could B.might C. would D. should ‎17. ------Are you going to the lecture tomorrow afternoon?‎ ‎ -------I’m not sure now. I go to Professor Black’s class instead.‎ A. might B. would C. should D. must ‎18. ----- I book a table for dinner a few dsays ahead of time?‎ ‎ ------- Yes, you . The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays.‎ A. Must; will B. Must; can C. shall; shall D. shall; must ‎19. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady.‎ A. might B.need C. should D. would ‎20. My MP4 isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?‎ A. can B. must C.should D. would 三. 虚拟语气 主从句时态 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 If +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were)‎ 主语+should /would/could/might+ 动词原形 ‎ ‎ If I were you (Were I you), I should seize the chance to go abroad.‎ 与过去事实相反的假设 If+主语+had done ‎ 主语+should/would/could/might+have done If you had taken my advice(Had you taken my advice), you would not have failed the exam.‎ 与将来事实相反的假设 1. If+ 主语 +动词过去式 ‎ 2. If+ 主语+were to+do ‎3If+ 主语+should do ‎ 主语+should/would/could/might+do ‎ If he should not come tomorrow(Should he not come tomorrow), we should put off the meeting till next Monday.‎ ‎ ‎ 练习 ‎ ‎1------John went to the hospital alone.‎ ‎ -------If he me about it, I would have gone with him.‎ A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told ‎2.------The weather has been very hot and dry.‎ ‎ -------Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .‎ A. wouldn’t die B. didn’t die C. hadn’t died D. wouldn’t have died ‎3.If we the other road, might have arrived here in time for the meeting.‎ A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken ‎4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .‎ A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved ‎5. If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.‎ A.followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow ‎6. be fired, your health care and other benefits wouldn’‎ t be immediately cut off. ‎ A would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be ‎7. If English included in the examinations, few students would choose it.‎ A. weren’t B. isn’t C. hasn’t been D. hadn’t been ‎8. ----Mike , It’s a pity you didn’t come to last night’s concert. It was really great!‎ ‎ -------Really? If I so busy, I would have gone with you.‎ A. hadn’t been B. weren’t C. shouldn’t be D. wouldn’t be ‎9. it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off ‎ until the same time next week.‎ A. Should ; / B. If ; should C. Were; / D. If; were going ‎10. for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.‎ A. Had it not been B. Hadn’t it been ‎ C. Was it not D. Were it not 把下列句子变成省略 if 的形式 ‎ 1. If he had told me about it, I would have gone with him.‎ 2. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better.‎ 3. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here in ‎ time.‎ 1. If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go hiking.‎ 2. If he were a bird, he would fly in the sky happily 四. 介词短语中的虚拟语气 用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:,without, but for eg: ‎ Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.‎ ‎=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.‎ ‎=Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.‎ 练习 1. Thank you for all your hard work last week, I don’t think we ‎ It without you.‎ A. can manage B.could have managed ‎ C.could manage D.can have managed ‎ 2.But for our help ,we the program in time.‎ A. can not finish B. will not finish ‎ C. had not finished D. could not have finished ‎ 3.But for the help of my Eglish teacher, I the first prize in the English writing competition.‎ A. would not win B. would not have won C.would win D.would have won ‎4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.‎ A.In spite of B. But for C. Because of D.As for ‎5.Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ‎ A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D.had not been achieved 四.错综时间条件句, 动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整 eg: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.‎ ‎ If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.‎ 1. If you had caught the early bus, you late now.‎ A. Wouldn’t be B. won’t be ‎ c.wouldn’t have been D. aren’t ‎2. If you had found a good job then, you trouble buying the house now.‎ A. won’t have B. wouldn’t have C. wouldn’t had D. didn’t have ‎3. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.‎ A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying ‎4. “ If you to my party yesterday, you the reason why I am wearing the clothes now.” Helen said to me.‎ A.came; had known B.had come ; would know C. had come; would have known D. came; would know 五. 含蓄条件句 例如 I would have come, but I was ill that day.‎ I was ill that day, or I would have come.‎ 练习 1. I you more help, but I was too busy.‎ A.should have given B. gave C.will give D. should give ‎2. I went on business that day. Otherwise, I you solve the problem.‎ A. would help B. helped C. would have helped D. was helping ‎3. I didn’t know you were ill, or I to the hospital to see you.‎ A. would go B. would have gone C. have gone D. went ‎4. I sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for you.‎ A.had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come ‎5.I had to look after my mother in the hospital.Otherwise,I part in your birthday party.‎ A. would take B. did take C. had taken D. would have taken 六.表示建议,要求,命令等词(如suggest,propose,advice,require,request,demand, recommend, order,command,insist)后的从句中,虚拟语气结构为should+ 动词原形 ,should可以省略.当suggest 表示 “表明”, insist 表示 “坚持说过去发生过某事”时不属于这种用法.‎ eg: He suggested that we (should ) start off early the next day.‎ ‎ It’s suggestesd that the meeting (should ) be put off till next week.‎ ‎ We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) go to DaLian for sightseeing.‎ ‎ My suggestion is that we (should ) put off the meeting.‎ 练习 ‎1.Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.‎ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow ‎2. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.‎ A. wouldn’t B.couldn’t C.needn’t D. shouldn’t ‎3.The boss required that the plans before April.‎ A. turn in B turned in C. be turned in D. turning in ‎4.The general ordered that the soldiers toward the mountain.‎ A. marched B. be marched C. march D.marching ‎5.He had a proposal that the meeting ‎ A.put off B. be put off C. putting off D. would be put off 七.as if, as though,would rather, if only,wish 后面常接虚拟语气. It’s necessary/important/strange/natural/essential后面从句动词常用(should)+do. It’s (high) time that sb. Did sth./sb.should do sth.‎ eg: He looks as if he were an artist.‎ ‎ I would rather I were a bird.‎ ‎ If only I were a bird.‎ ‎ I wish I were a bird.‎ ‎ It’s (high time) that you went to school.‎ ‎ It’s (high) time that we should start out.‎ 1. Gorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he more on its culture.‎ A. Focus B.focused C.will focus D. had focused 2. ‎------Where are the children? The dinner is going to be completely ruined.‎ ‎-------I wish they always late.‎ A. Weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D.wouldn’t have been ‎3.It’s strange that they nothing about this matter.‎ ‎ A.should know B.would know C.had known D.knew ‎4.How I wish I to my parent’s advice.‎ ‎ A.listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened ‎5.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.‎ A. follow B. would follow C.had followed D. followed ‎6. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.‎ A. were B.had been C. is D. has been ‎7. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.‎ A. has been B. was C. is D. had been ‎ ‎