2019高考英语二轮阅读理解金题编1及解析 15页

‎2019高考英语二轮阅读理解金题编（一）及解析 Section A A ‎(2018吉林三调,D)‎ Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.‎ We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫)and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.‎ Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.‎ Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.‎ Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.‎ When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica(《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.‎ One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.‎ An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved ‎ correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.‎ Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.‎ ‎1.People with start-up fatigue are most likely to　　　. ‎ ‎ A.delay tasks B.work hard ‎ C.seek help D.accept failure ‎2.What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?‎ ‎ A.Writing essays in strict order.‎ ‎ B.Building up physical strength.‎ ‎ C.Leaving out the toughest ideas.‎ ‎ D.Dealing with the hardest task first.‎ ‎3.On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?‎ ‎ A.Before starting a difficult task. 　 B.When all the solutions fail.‎ ‎ C.If the job is rather boring. 　 D.After finding a way out.‎ ‎4.According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us　　　. ‎ ‎ A.ignore mental problems B.get some nice sleep ‎ C.gain complete relief D.find the right solution B ‎(2017山东临沂三模)‎ Sometimes the toughest thing about feelings is sharing them with others.Sharing your feelings helps you whether your feelings are wonderful or terrible.Sharing also helps you to get closer to people you care about and who care about you.But how?‎ You can’t tell your friends what’s inside your backpack if you don’t know what’s in there yourself.Feelings are the same way.Before you can share them with anyone,you have to figure out what feelings you have.‎ Making a list of your feelings can help.You can do this in your mind or by writing them out or even by drawing pictures.Is something bothering you?Does it make you frustrated or terrified?Do you feel this emotion only once in a while or most of the time?‎ The way a person feels inside is important.If you keep feelings locked inside,it can even make you feel sick!But if you talk with someone who cares for you,you will almost always start to feel better.It doesn’t mean your problems and worries magically disappear,but at least someone else knows what’s bothering you and can help you find solutions.‎ Your mom and dad want to know if you have problems and what’s happening in your life.But what if a kid doesn’t want to talk with parents?Then find another adult you trust,like a relative or a teacher at school.Maybe this person can help you talk with your parents about your problem or concern.‎ Once you know who you can talk with,you’ll want to pick a time and place to talk.You can talk publicly in your family.But some kids are more private than others and they will feel shy about sharing their feelings.Then find a quiet place or write it down on a piece of paper.A kid doesn’t have to share every feeling he or she has.‎ ‎5.What does the passage mainly tell us?‎ ‎ A.The importance of feelings.‎ ‎ B.How to figure out your feelings.‎ ‎ C.How to share your feelings.‎ ‎ D.The people sharing your feelings.‎ ‎6.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A.Kids can’t tell their friends about their backpacks.‎ ‎ B.Kids should know about themselves first before sharing.‎ ‎ C.Kids need to find out what others think of them first.‎ ‎ D.Kids’ feelings are the same in a way.‎ ‎7.What might happen after sharing your feelings with others?‎ ‎ A.You’ll recover from your illness.‎ ‎ B.You will feel relieved.‎ ‎ C.Your worries will magically disappear.‎ ‎ D.You’ll like more private talks.‎ ‎8.Where is this passage probably taken from?‎ ‎ A.A science fiction. ‎ ‎ B.A parents’ brochure.‎ ‎ C.A children’s magazine.‎ ‎ D.A notice board.‎ Section B ‎(2018安徽江南十校3月联考,B)‎ My friend Jennifer was going to be at my school!I was convinced that we would be best friends. She introduced me to her friend Amy and we had lots of fun together. But things started to change. Jennifer wanted to be the “leader”of our little group. She was controlling, and I couldn’t make new friends. If I made new friends, she would decide that I was“mad at her”. Pretty soon being Jennifer’s friend was a struggle.‎ I always waited for Jennifer and Amy after class, but sometimes when they left, they’d walk right past me as if they couldn’t even see me.‎ We often gossiped about people, and I soon realized that nobody was good enough for Jennifer. She had a list of bad things about everybody, even Amy, and about me, I guessed. I had changed—I became moody, depressed, and lonely. I spent days trying not to cry. I felt so left out.‎ Finally, something snapped. I was sick of having to battle for friendship. I stopped sitting with Jennifer at lunch and waiting for her after class. Jennifer quickly announced I was “mad at her”. I said, “I’m not mad. I just want to make more friends.” But to Jennifer, it was all or nothing, and she was convinced I was mad at her. Our friendship fell to pieces. ‎ It was tough at first, but I found many girls whom Jennifer had classified as “moody”or “mean”to be the sweetest, friendliest people in the world.‎ Now, I have tons of friends. They support me when I am sad, and I support them. We have fun together and I love them all. It amazes me how easy our friendship is. There is no struggling to be on top—we are all equal. It doesn’t matter to me if two of them walk away or buy friendship necklaces together. It doesn’t hurt my feelings or make me feel alone.‎ I lost a friend, but I am a happier person now.‎ ‎1.The writer thought Jennifer　　　. ‎ A.far too outstanding to match B.rather annoying and dull C.too self-centered D.the right one to make friends with ‎2.What does the underlined part “something snapped”in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A.The writer and Jennifer hated each other.‎ B.The writer and Jennifer broke up.‎ C.Jennifer treated the writer worse.‎ D.The writer felt mad about losing Jennifer.‎ ‎3.The writer decided to break up with Jennifer because　　　. ‎ A.Jennifer spoke ill of her behind her back B.she had made other friends C.Jennifer had hurt her feelings D.other girls were sweeter and friendlier than Jennifer ‎4.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A.The writer now regrets losing her friend Jennifer.‎ B.The writer still gets upset when left out occasionally.‎ C.The writer’s new friends are all moody and mean.‎ D.The writer enjoys more than just one friendship.‎ Section C A Stained glass (彩色玻璃) artists create different designs by making cuts on the glass to “score” it and then breaking off the pattern that they want to use in the finished product. The most difficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut. Basically, it’s a curved (弯曲的) line where you throw away the part inside of the curve. The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.‎ As an artist talked about inside cuts, he said, “The glass will break into pieces if you try to cut too much off at once. The best way to do an inside cut is slice off smaller curves piece by piece. In fact, it’s not just the best way to do it, but it’s the only way to do it.”‎ How many times do you try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time. We’ll commit to transforming our diet overnight or we get inspired to launch a business in a weekend or we finally get motivated to work out and push ourselves to the edge of burning out.‎ Why not approach your goals and dreams like the stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallow curve and breaking a small piece off, you cut a slightly deeper curve and break that off until you have your full inside cuts. By slowly cutting deeper and deeper curves, you prevent the glass from breaking as it change shapes. ‎ Of course, changing isn’t easy—no matter how you do it. Slow gains are boring, but if we keep making small improvements, then pretty soon we will end up with a beautiful masterpiece instead of a bunch of broken pieces.‎ ‎1.Why is an inside cut believed to be the most difficult?‎ A.It needs a one-and-only design.‎ B.It calls for nothing but inspiration.‎ C.The edges of the curve break easily.‎ D.The glass inside the curve is easily broken.‎ ‎2.What mistakes are easily made according to Paragraph 3?‎ A.Being too eager to make improvements.‎ B.Being too worried about the final outcome.‎ C.Trying to make a complete change all at once.‎ D.Developing to focus on progress instead of achievements.‎ ‎3.What does the author suggest by saying “slicing a shallow curve”?‎ A.Moving forward with a clear aim.‎ B.Starting slow and improving little by little.‎ C.Developing a new habit with great determination.‎ D.Handling something major first and ignore the minor part.‎ ‎4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A.To show his love of stained glass.‎ B.To introduce the skill of an inside cut.‎ C.To appreciate designs of stained glass artists.‎ D.To share his opinions on how to make a change.‎ B ‎(2017湖北武汉4月调研)‎ Crying is the rawest sign of human emotions. We cry when we can’t hold inside what we feel any more. We cry when we’re at our best, and when we’re at our worst. By we, I mean all of us. Men included.‎ But we never see other men cry. In no western culture has it ever been acceptable for men to shed (流泪) more than a single tear, and even then it’s reserved for grand victories, defeats and deaths. A Dutch research suggests that women cry between three and five times more than men. Generally men and women cry primarily over the same things—deaths, break-ups and homesickness, but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events.‎ I want to admit—I’m a bit of a crier. However, having never really experienced deaths in my life, a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really, truly, pour my heart out in tears.‎ See, my dog was killed by a car right outside my house. Being a witness to this painful event left me in shock for a good hour, but then the floodgates opened. Over the next 48 hours, I might have cried 20 times. Once or twice I crouched(蹲) on the floor with my head in my hands and tears were the only outlet.‎ It is suggested in the book Adult Crying:A Biopsychosocial Approach that there’s a certain pleasure in crying. It helps ease stress when there is no other way to express ourselves.‎ In those days after my dog’s death, I remember thinking, “I’ve got to stop this crying.”It felt unmanly. It felt like a sign of weakness. I’ve since realized that tears are for everybody;they’re not gender-specific. They show we have sympathy, and allow us to get rid of stress and just feel.‎ ‎5.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A.Crying is a raw human emotion.‎ B.Crying is an emotion beyond control.‎ C.Crying is an emotion showing sadness.‎ D.Crying is an emotion showing happiness.‎ ‎6.What’s the difference between men and women in crying according to the Dutch research?‎ A.They cry over different matters.‎ B.They cry at different times of life.‎ C.Women cry more often over deaths.‎ D.Men are more likely to have tears of joy.‎ ‎7.What did the author think of his crying over his dog’s death?‎ A.A sign of strength.‎ B.A sign of weakness.‎ C.Behavior of being womanish.‎ D.A way of reducing emotional stress.‎ ‎8.What’s the best title for the text?‎ A.Men, never cry like women B.Men, it’s OK to cry sometimes C.Crying solves psychological problems D.Crying explains differences between men and women Section D ‎(2018内蒙古呼和浩特第一次质量调研,C)‎ Why do you go to the library?For books, yes—but you like books because they tell stories. You hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone else’s life. At one type of library you can do just that—even though there’s not a single book.‎ At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. People with unique life stories volunteer to be the “books”. For a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating as any you ‎ can find in a book. (If you attend, make sure to review the habits that make you a good listener.) Many of the stories have to do with depressing topics. You can speak with a refugee, a soldier suffering from PTSD(创伤后应激障碍), a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to take time to truly get to know and learn from someone they might otherwise make a snap judgement about. According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected, appreciated and answered”.‎ The Human Library Organization came into being in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000.Ronni Abergel, his brother, and some colleagues hosted a four-day event during a major Northern European festival. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since.‎ Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most aren’t places at all, but events. Though many do take place at physical libraries, you don’t need a library card—anyone can come and be part of the experience. There have been Human Library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio. Check out the organization’s Facebook page to see when the Human Library might be arriving near you.‎ ‎1.What shall we do before going to the Human Library?‎ A.Bring a book.‎ B.Get a library card.‎ C.Get prepared to be a good listener.‎ D.Make an appointment.‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “snap” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A.True. B.Obvious.‎ C.Wrong. D.Quick.‎ ‎3.What is the best title of the text?‎ A.A Library in Denmark B.The Human Library Organization C.The Human Library Is Not Far D.“Borrow” People Instead of Books 答案与解析 一 A ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。题材为社会生活类。我们都在努力追求成功,想一下在你追求成功的路上遇到的最大障碍是什么。本文就我们在成功路上遇到的两种情况的疲惫做了说明。‎ ‎1.A　细节理解题。 根据第二段中的描述可知,第一种情况的疲惫(start-up fatigue)会使得人们不停地把工作任务往后推(keep putting off a task)。由此可知答案为A项。‎ ‎2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话的always handle the most difficult job first可知防止出现这种疲惫情况的方法就是总是先处理最困难的任务,所以答案为D项。‎ ‎3.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的however hard we work, we fail again and again可知这种疲惫是在我们一次次努力去解决问题,但是一次次失败了的情况下发生的。所以答案为B项:当所有的解决办法都行不通的时候。‎ ‎4.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step可知,在我无意识的情况下想出来的解决办法在解决问题中每一步都证明是正确的,‎ 所以答案为D项。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,主要论述了孩子们应该如何与别人分享自己的情感。‎ ‎5.C　主旨大意题。根据全文并结合文章第一段可知本文主要论述如何与别人分享自己的情感。‎ ‎6.B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中Before you can share them with anyone,you have to figure out what feelings you have.可知孩子们在分享前应该先了解自己的情感。‎ ‎7.B　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中But if you talk with someone who cares for you,you will almost always start to feel better.It doesn’t mean your problems and worries magically disappear,but at least someone else knows what’s bothering you and can help you find solutions.可知当你和关心你的人谈论情感后,尽管你的问题和忧虑不能立刻消失,但是你会感觉心情好多了。‎ ‎8.C　推理判断题。根据文章第五段中Your mom and dad want to know if you have problems and what’s happening in your life.But what if a kid doesn’t want to talk with parents?Then find another adult you trust,like a relative or a teacher at school.可知本文是写给孩子们的,因此文章很可能摘自儿童杂志。‎ 二 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。作者通过自己和朋友 Jennifer ‎ 的关系的演变逐渐意识到每个人都不仅仅也不应该只有一个朋友,周围还有很多人可以交朋友。‎ ‎1.C　事实细节题。根据第一段中的Jennifer wanted to be the “leader” of our little group. She was controlling...可知Jennifer 是一个以自我为中心(self-centered)且喜欢发号施令的人,故答案为C项。A项(太出色了以至于无法匹配),B项(相当烦人、无聊),D项(恰恰是可以与之交朋友的人)均未提及,故排除。‎ ‎2.B　猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第四段中画线部分“something snapped”的意思是什么?第四段最后一句“Our friendship fell to pieces.(我们的友谊破碎。)”与第一句前后呼应,是总结句。由此可知:作者和Jennifer的关系最后破裂(broke up)了,故答案为B项。‎ ‎3.C　事实细节题。本题题干意为:作者决定与Jennifer绝交的原因是　　　。根据前四段内容尤其是“struggle” “left out” 等关键词可知在作者和Jennifer的友谊中她没有被平等对待,感情受到了伤害,因此有了绝交的想法。此外,文章倒数第二段最后一句It doesn’t hurt my feelings or make me feel alone.也从反面说明了这一点。 ‎ ‎4.D　推理判断题。本题题干意为:从文中我们可以推断出什么?开始时作者觉得她和Jennifer是最好的朋友,但作者却被 Jennifer 忽略因而厌倦了这种单方面付出的友情,后来作者交了更多的朋友之后才发现周围有很多能够相互平等对待的朋友,也就慢慢地从中得到了快乐。由此可知答案为D项。‎ 三 A ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述彩色玻璃艺术家切割玻璃的方式:慢慢切割玻璃不会造成玻璃破碎,告诉读者生活中我们也应该一点点取得进步,最后达成目标,获得成功。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.可知,内部切割的问题在于,当划过的玻璃裂开的时候,曲线的边缘往往会折断。故选C项。‎ ‎2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子How many times do you try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time.可知,我们很容易犯的错误是试图一次就做出彻底的改变。故选C项。‎ ‎3.B　推理判断题。根据上文Why not approach your goals and dreams like the stained glass artist?可推断出作者建议像彩色玻璃艺术家一样接近目标和梦想,结合一、二段的讲述可推断出画线句的意思是:慢慢开始,一点点进步。故选B项。‎ ‎4.D　写作目的题。纵观全文可知,最后一段点明了作者的写作目的——分享他对于如何做出改变的观点。故选D项。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者首先指出哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露,之后作者又通过自己的经历阐述了哭泣无性别差异,‎ 是富有同情心的表现,可以帮助我们缓解压力,用心去感受。‎ ‎5.A　主旨大意题。通读第一段可知,Crying is the rawest sign of human emotions. 为该段的主题句,第二、三句都是对其具体的说明。‎ ‎6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Generally men and women cry primarily over the same things—deaths, break-ups and homesickness, but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events.可知研究人员认为相比女性,男性更容易因积极的事情而哭泣。‎ ‎7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句They show we have sympathy, and allow us to get rid of stress and just feel.可推知,这是一种减轻情绪压力的方法。‎ ‎8.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者首先指出哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露,接着作者又以亲身经历点明主题——哭泣无性别之分,可以缓解压力。由此可知,B项“男人哭泣也无妨”概括了文章主旨。‎ 四 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了真人图书馆,在那里“借人”代替了借书,有特殊生活故事的志愿者们就是“书”,你可以聆听他们的故事并且向他们提问。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中If you attend, make sure to review the habits that make you a good listener.可知选C。‎ ‎2.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段中The Human Library encourages people to take time to truly get to know and learn from someone they ‎ might otherwise make a snap judgement about. 可知,真人图书馆鼓励人们花时间去真正了解某个人并向这个人学习,而不是草率地评价这个人。结合语境可知D项正确。‎ ‎3.D　主旨大意题。文章介绍了一家可以借“人”而不是借“书”的图书馆,故选D项。‎