十年高考全国各地2004高考英语试题分类汇编名词 17页

‎【十年高考】2004-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：名词 ‎〖04全国卷Ⅲ〗If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off______. ‎ A. a price                  B. price                     C. the price        D. prices ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考冠词和名词。‎ ‎〖解析〗全句合理句意应是：如果你买超过10个, 他们从（现在标出的）价格上减价20便士。此处价格是特指的定价, 所以C项最佳。‎ ‎〖04全国Ⅲ〗The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a       of 60 miles.‎ A.length                B.distance              C.way                  D.space ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗length长度；distance距离；way道路；space空间, 太空。根据句子的意思, 答案选B项, 指离那儿‎60英里远的地方。‎ ‎〖04天津〗I keep medicines on the top shelf,out of the children’s______.‎ A.reach                     B.hand                      C.hold               D.place ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗A意思是：够得着的地方；B是：指示, 掌管；C是：控制, 照管；D是：地方。根据句意, 目的是不让孩子们拿着, out of one's reach “某人够不着的地方”。所以答案选A。 ‎ ‎〖04上海〗The environmentalists said wild goats’______ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.‎ A.escape                   B.absence                 C.attendance                    D.appearance ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗escape：逃跑, absence：缺席, 根据句子后面的good indication of the better environment可将A、B排除；attendance：出勤, 一般指接受邀请或要求而主动参加, 与题意不符, 故只有appearance：出现, 符合题意。句子意思为：环境学家说野山羊存大草原的出现说明环境变好了。因此, 答案选D。 〖04上海〗In dealing with public relations,we should make every effort to prevent the______ in personality.‎ A.contact                  B.contrast                 C.connection                    D.conflict ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗contact：接触, contrast：对比, connection：联系, conflict：冲突。句子的意思为：在处理公共关系时, 我们应努力防止人格冲突。‎ ‎〖04上海〗Chinese arts have won the______ of a lot of people outside China.‎ A.enjoyment              B.appreciation                   C.entertainment         D.reputation ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗enjoyment：满意, 快乐；appreciation：欣赏、赏识；entertainment：娱乐；reputation：名声。根据句子的意思, 答案应该选B, 意思为：中国艺术享誉海外。‎ ‎〖04湖北〗Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within______ of little children. ‎ A. hand                    B. reach                       C. space                      D. distance ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗hand支配；reach够得着的地方；space空间；distance距离。with（the）reach of是一个常用的介词短语搭配, 意思是 “在……的手能够得着的地方”。根据句意,答案选B项。‎ ‎〖04上海春〗The village is far away from here indeed. It’s      walk.  ‎ A. a four hour                              B. a four hours C. a four-hours                         D. a four hours ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗冠词、数词、量词和名词连用有两种形式：一种是a+数词+量词的名词所有格+名词, 如果数词大于…‎1’‎, 量词要用复数形式, 如：a four miles’ journey；另一种是：a+数词. 量词+名词, 这时量词用单数形式。如：a four-mile walk。 〖04上海春〗I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any      to me.  ‎ A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗meaning意义；含义；意图 importance价值；重要；重大；傲慢sense感觉, 官能；观念；道理；理智significance意义；重要性；意思 ‎〖05天津〗Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______.‎ ‎  A. ability       B. force        C. strength       D. mind ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗build up one’s strength使自己强壮。‎ ‎〖05上海〗He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.‎ A. temper               B. appearance            C. talent                    D. character ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗character性格。当他与别人一起工作时他的性格展现出最好的一面。temper脾气；appearance外貌；talent智力。‎ ‎〖05辽宁〗The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has _________ all over the country. ‎ ‎   A. companies            B. branches                   C. organizations       D. businesses ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗branch分部。在全国各地有许多分部。company公司；organization组织；business生意。‎ ‎〖05浙江〗I am sure David will be able to find the library-he has a pretty good_______ of direction.‎ A. idea        B. feeling      C. experience     D. sense ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗sense of direction方向感。根据所提供的情景 “I am sure David will be able to find the library”可判断出他有良好的方向感。feeling感觉, 除指身体的感觉外, 还可指思想、感情上的感觉。‎ ‎〖05安徽〗My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends. ‎ A. idea                B. opinion          C. mind               D. thought ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗idea指日常生活中的想法、意见, 一般较具体、清楚。opinion指对某事的具体看法或意见。mind智力, 精神。thought指经过充分考虑和推理后形成的意见, 可更全面、更系统。‎ ‎〖05上海春〗Do you have any ______ of what life would be like if we lived on other planets?‎ A.plan 　　　　　B.idea 　　　　 C.impression 　　　 D.imagination 〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗你可曾想过, 如果我们生活在其他星球上, 生活会是什么样子的?‎ ‎〖05上海春〗Beginners are expected to be familiar with the ______of the reading material before they come to the class.‎ A.condition 　　 B.concept 　　　C.contest 　　　　　D.content ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗A. 条件、情形；B. 观念、概念；C. 竞赛；D. 内容。本句意思是：“初学者应该在上课前熟悉阅读材料的内容。”因此, 答案应选D。 〖05上海春〗I have read the material several times but it doesn't make any ________ to me.‎ A meaning   　　　 B. importance  　　　 C. sense  　　　 D. significance ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗make sense 有意义, 固定短语。‎ ‎〖05上海春〗Usually a child's behaviour is a ________ of his family environment ‎ A. recognition  　　B. reflection   　　C. return   　　D. record ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗reflection n. 映像。通常一个孩子的行为是他家庭环境的反映。‎ ‎〖05上海春〗We need to consider what ___ we will be using for language training.‎ A. abilities   　　B. appliances  　　C. facilities   　　D. qualities ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗facility复数形式表示：设施, 设备。‎ ‎〖06全国Ⅱ〗It is no         arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.‎ ‎ A. use       B. help          C.time           D.way ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗it is no use后接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语表示做某事没有用。it作形式主语, 接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语作真正的主语。help意为 “帮助”。time意为 “时间”。way意为 “方法”。‎ ‎〖06天津〗Finding information in today’s world is easy. The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.‎ A. ability      B. competition      C. challenge        D. knowledge ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗challenge意为 “挑战, 艰巨任务, 难题”, 由于我们现在正处于信息爆炸的时代, 在当今时代中找到信息是一件很容易的事, 但区分出这些信息是否有用的确是一个难题。ability意为 “能力”。competition意为 “竞赛”。knowledge意为 “知识”。‎ ‎〖06上海〗When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _____ was the fear of water. ‎ A. evidence          B. crisis       C. obstacle        D. danger ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题考查名词obstacle(障碍)。学游泳的主要心理障碍是怕水, 这是-个常识。‎ ‎〖06辽宁〗School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous          .‎ A.states          B.conditions                  C.situations                   D.positions ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗situation意为 “形势, 局面；情况”, 指各种具体情况综合起来的状态, 多指危急或重大的事态, 强调外部因素对该事态的影响。表示要教给学生如何处理危险情况。state意为 “状况, 情形, 情况, 形势”, 指人或物在外观、心理、健康、环境等方面的情形, 即人或物存在或所处的状态, 但不如condition具体。condition意为 “状态, 状况, 情形”, 用作单数形式, 表示人或物所处的真实具体状态, 尤指内在状态, 可与state替用, 用作复数形式, 笼统地表示一般的状态。position意为 “位置；方位；地点”。‎ ‎〖06浙江〗—If you like I can do some shopping for you.‎ ‎   — That’ s a very kind _______.‎ ‎   A. offer         B. service             C. point             D. suggestion ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题可以用排除法。首先service是不可数名词, 应该排除。另外本题问句 “如果你愿意, 我可以帮你买东西”从意思上分析是一个建议, suggestion作为提议、建议时是不可数名词, 可以排除。另外point指观点, 不符合题意。所以选A, offer, 也是提议的意思。‎ ‎〖06福建〗Always read the________on the bottle carefully and take the right amout of medieine. A.explanstions                 B.instructions         C.descriptions             D.introductions ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗nstruction意为 “说明, 须知”, 在正式场合, 指不可违背的命令, 在一般场合, 指知识性的指示或意见, 与direction相比, 语气较轻, 较委婉, 常用作复数形式。explanation意为 “解释, 注释；说明”, 指通过实例进行解释说明。description意为 “描写”, 指通过生动的语言描述某件事或某个情节。introduction意为 “引导；传入, 介绍”, 指对某种新产品进行介绍。‎ ‎〖06湖北〗To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.‎ ‎    A. strengths       B. benefits         C. techniques      D. values ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗strength意为 “力, 力量, 体力”, 常指人体或物体内存在的力, 如气力、耐力、抵抗力, 有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力。根据句意可判断出为了使体育队的成员在比赛中取得更好成绩, 教练首先要了解队员的体力和薄弱的地方。benefit意为 “利益, 好处；利润”。technique意为 “技术”。value意为 “价值”。‎ ‎〖06湖北〗The ______on his face told me that he was angry.‎ A. impression     B. sight    C. appearance      D. expression ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗expression意为 “表情”, 根据后面 “told me”可以推断前面 “告诉我们他很生气”的应该是他 “脸上的表情”。impression是印象, sight是视觉, appearance是外貌, 这三个逻辑上都不对。‎ ‎〖06湖北〗At the meeting they discussed three different  ______to the study of mathematics.‎ A. approaches      B. means         C. methods        D. ways ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗way意为 “方式, 方法”, 可指具体的方法, 也可指抽象的方法, 多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法, 也可指个人特殊的方法、方式等。three different ways of study of mathematics表示 “三种不同的学习数学的方式”。approach原指接近某人或某物, 也可指对待或处理的方式或方法。means用于抽象意义, 可指为达到某—目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等, 尤指整套的方法, 用于具体意义, 常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。method指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法, 强调条理性及高效率。‎ ‎〖06广东〗You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of           .‎ A. date           B. shape                C. order               D. balance ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗out of shape是 “变型”的意思, 根据前面 “你坐在我的帽子上”可判断出帽子是 “变型”了。out of date意为 “过时”, out of order意为 “混乱”, out of balance意为 “失衡”。‎ ‎〖06江西〗It is said that dogs will keep you            for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. ‎ A. safety    B. company    C. house    D. friend ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题的意思 “据说在你孤独的时候狗会陪伴在你身边”, keep you company是 “如影随形”的意思。‎ ‎〖06陕西〗My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_________it.‎ A.in favour of                 B.in memory of C.in honour of                 D.in search of ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查介词短语辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗in favour of意为 “赞成”, 表示对建议等赞成。while表示转折, 意为 “而”, 表示我妹妹反对我的建议, 而我弟弟赞成我的建议。in honour of意为 “向……表示敬意”。in memory of意为 “纪念”。in search of意为 “寻找, 寻求”。‎ ‎〖06上海春〗Put the ______ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.‎ A. tip                    B. top                          C. peak                        D. pole ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗tip “尖”（舌尖）, top顶端, peak最高峰, 顶峰, pole极。‎ ‎〖07湖北〗Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. ‎ ‎ A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight ‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗point点;意义;idea主意, 念头;attitude态度, 看法;sight视力。句意为:尽管对一个人的饮食的态度有着很大的不同, 但是毫无疑问西方人把中国的饮食看作是某种特殊的东西。‎ ‎〖07上海〗My morning _____ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.‎ ‎ A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine ‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗drill操练;action行为;regulation规则, 条例;routine惯例, 常规。由句意可知D项正确。‎ ‎〖07安徽〗The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ____ in many parts of the city.‎ A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗sight风景;look表情;sign迹象, 现象;appearance出现, 显露。‎ ‎〖07天津〗One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living ________.‎ A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：一月1 000美元不是一笔财富, 但是能帮助支付我的生活费用。A项为 “账单”；B项为 “花费；费用”；C项为 “价格”;D项为 “价格；索价”。‎ ‎〖07陕西〗He and his wife are of the same        ;they both want their son to go to college.‎ A.soul            B.spirit          C.heart             D.mind ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题考查名词词义辨析。soul心灵, 灵魂;spirit精神;heart心, 心脏;mind想法, 主意;be of the same mind为固定短语, 意为 “对……看法相同, 主意一样”, 符合句意。‎ ‎〖07福建〗—You are always full of        .Can you tell me the secret? ‎—Taking plenty of exercise every day.‎ A.power           B.strength          C.force             D.energy ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题考查名词词义辨析。power权力, 势力；strength力气, 优势;force力, 武力;energy精力;be full of energy指 “精力旺盛”, 符合题意。‎ ‎〖07浙江〗Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular ______ for a wedding in some countries.‎ A. way B. situation C. event D. choice ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为:在某些国家, 一周的七天里星期六是举行婚礼最佳的日子。way方式, 方法;situation状况, 处境;event事情, 事件;choice挑选, 选择。根据题意, 应选D项。‎ ‎〖07山东〗I can’t say which wine is best – it’s a(n) _____ of personal taste.‎ A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗此题考查固定搭配。a matter of ….是固定搭配。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：我无法说哪种酒最好——这是个人口味爱好的问题。a matter of意为 “关于……的问题”, 如：a matter of principle原则问题；a matter of opinion仁者见仁, 智者见智；a matter of remembering words 记几个单词的问题。A项意为 “政治事务, 私人业务”；B项意为 “重要事情、大事”；D项意为 “不同种类”。‎ ‎〖07辽宁〗Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.‎ A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗a lack of缺乏。句意为：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。‎ ‎〖08安徽〗To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our ________”‎ ‎ A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗由语境可知, 此处指人类的语言, 而语言是人类说的, 因此用voices, 而不用其他选项。‎ ‎〖08福建〗What’s the _____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?‎ ‎ A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题所设的语境是：有这样一个你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能动的公共开放场所有什么意义呢？A项sense “感觉, 思考, 意义”；B项matter “事件, 问题, 原因”；C项case “事, 案例, 容器”；D项opinion “意见, 看法, 主张”。What’s the sense of…？“有什么意义” 四个选项中只能A项符合语境。‎ ‎〖08江苏〗—I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid.‎ ‎—That’s OK, there’s ______.‎ A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词词组。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据第一句的意思可知 “说话者担心来不及修好”, 所以对方劝慰他不用急。no problem意思是 “没问题”, 通常单独使用或用That’s no problem；(It’s) no wonder…意思是 “难怪”；There is no doubt…意思是 “毫无疑问”。‎ ‎〖08江苏〗—Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?‎ ‎—Because the old one has been damaged ______.‎ A. beyond reach B. beyond repair ‎ C. beyond control D. beyond description ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据前一句的提示可知, 只有在坏得无法修理的情况下才建议去买新的机器。故用beyond repair, 意为 ““；beyond the reach of意为 “鞭长莫及”；beyond control意为 “失控”；beyond description意为 “难以言表”。‎ ‎〖08山东〗I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real ______.‎ A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗bargain用作名词时, 意为 “廉价货, 便宜货”, a real bargain意为 “真便宜”。‎ ‎〖08江西〗---Shall we go out for a walk?‎ ‎--- Sorry. This is not the right ____ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.‎ A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：——我们出去散散步好吗？——对不起, 这不是邀请我的合适的时间, 我太累了而不想去散步。A项 “某一时刻, 片刻”；B项 “情形, 状况”；C项 “地方”；D项 “机会”。‎ ‎〖08浙江〗Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.‎ A. sense B. view C. means D. idea ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗a sense of smell嗅觉。句意为：狗嗅觉灵敏, 经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。‎ ‎〖08湖北〗The young man made a ______  to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.‎ ‎  A.prediction      B.promise           C.plan              D.contribution ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：这位年轻人向他的父母许诺说毕业之后他将努力自食其力。make a promise许诺, 答应, 其后的that从句为同位语从句, 补充说明先行词promise的内容, 其他选项不合句意。‎ ‎〖08湖北〗The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______‎ ‎ A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：这两个国家的最高领导人在友好的气氛中进行交谈。atmosphere气氛, 氛围；state状态；situation形势, 局面；phenomenon现象。‎ ‎〖08天津〗Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ____ like coal, gas and oil.‎ ‎ A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗coal, gas and oil均为 “燃料(fuels)”。‎ ‎〖09安徽〗China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.‎ A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗‎ ‎〖09福建〗The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without anywhen the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.‎ A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁, 延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑, 体谅；关心。题干意思是：当H1N1型2009年4月袭击墨西哥时, 世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提出了警告。选A。‎ ‎〖09湖北〗Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ______ building.‎ A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character ‎〖答案〗D.‎ ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性, 不会增强尊敬或名声, 友谊可以增强, 但与前面health不搭配, 故答案为character。‎ ‎〖09湖北〗In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ______ for everyone to stand up.‎ A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本, 这是下课的暗示, 选项中只能选择signal。chance “机会”, mark “分数, 痕迹”, measure “方法, 措施”。‎ ‎〖09江西〗The ____________ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into __________ car.‎ A. girl’s; Tom’s B. girls’; Toms’ C. girls’; Tom’s D. girl’s; Toms’‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词所有格。‎ ‎〖解析〗名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的them可知对应复数girls。此题较易 ‎〖09海南〗Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.‎ A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要把它们太难了。push 推, 挤, 逼迫；strike v. 打,罢工,划燃rush v. 冲进,匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制。根据句意, 应选D。‎ ‎〖09山东〗-------He says that my new car is a ____________ of money.‎ ‎-------Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?‎ A. lack B. load C. question D. waste ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗考查单词的区别：lack缺乏；load负担；question疑问；waste 浪费；根据句意, 尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。‎ ‎〖09陕西〗Form their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.‎ A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗名词词义辨析；stage：舞台, 时期, 阶段；position：位置；condition：条件, 情况；situation：形式, 情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置, 游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。‎ ‎〖09天津〗I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late .A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。句意为, 我一直试图改变起床晚的习惯。tradition传统, 常规；convenience方便；leisure休闲时间, 闲暇。‎ ‎〖解析〗‎ ‎〖09浙江〗The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.‎ A. access B. passage C. way D. approach ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：新设计的系统能够让学生便捷、容易地搜索到图书馆的电子资源。这里give...access to...是固定词组, 表示 “能得到, 能进入”, 所以选A ‎〖10安徽〗I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______‎ A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗hearing意为 “听力”；strength意为 “力气；力量”； recognition意为 “认出；识别；认识”； measure意为 “测量；措施”。句意为 “……她变得认不出来了。”‎ ‎〖10江西〗Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.‎ A average B number C amount D quantity ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查名词。‎ ‎〖解析〗a number of 许多 amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。‎ ‎〖10山东〗Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.‎ ‎ A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词在具体语境的使用。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意应为 “那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示 “缓解, 减轻, 解除”。 safety表示 “安全, 保险”；defense 表示 “防御, 防护”； shelter表示 “掩蔽, 保护”。‎ ‎〖10天津〗James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.‎ A. room B. area C. field D. position ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查名词意义和用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了, 目的是为电视腾出空间。make room for是固定搭配, 意思是 “为……让空”的意思, 其中的room是不可数名词。‎ ‎〖10江苏〗The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.‎ A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗reputation 表示名声而expectation是期望的意思。Contribution是贡献的意思。Civilization是文明的意思。‎ ‎〖10湖北〗This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.‎ A. division B. area C. range D. circle ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词/名词短语。‎ ‎〖解析〗此题不仅考查学生对于四个选项的认知, 更重要的是要理解句子的含义。 “这家餐馆越来越出名 是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群。” “a range of “强调一个系列, 而 “a wide range of”意为 “各种各样的”。正好符合题意。从句子结构来讲, 这个句子属于典型的 “从句套从句”。 “for”引导原因状语从句, “that”引导定语从句。 　　‎ ‎〖〗After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.‎ A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture.‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗512的汶川地震, 414玉树地震。天灾 “earthquake”相信是很多考生都准备过的一个话题。所以相关词汇“accommodation”表示 “住处”应该是考生们准备的系列词汇之一。这道题难度不大, 句子结构也相对简单。只要背过这几个词, 知道 “occupation”表示 “占用”或者“工作, 职业”；“furniture”表示 “家具”；“equipment”表示 “设备, 器材”就能选出正确答案D了。‎ ‎〖10浙江〗The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don’t give you any direct ______.‎ A. solution B. target C. measure D. function ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词辨析。‎ ‎〖解析〗分析四个选项：solution解决方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。根据句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题, 但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。‎ ‎【2011江苏卷,27】Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _____.‎ A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为 “教师要不断地更新他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。”consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职；intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句意选C。‎ ‎【2011福建卷,26】The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.‎ A.result B.cause C.warning D.reflection ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。”result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选B。‎ ‎【2011浙江卷,18】Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ____.‎ A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“不管怎样，我不能欺骗他—这违反我的原则。”emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选B。‎ ‎【2011四川卷,13】Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ‎ ‎ . ‎ A.touch B.sight C.reach D.distance ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。”out of touch不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。‎ ‎【2011湖北卷,21】“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with______ clearly in her voice.‎ A . anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂这明显的惊慌。”anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic惊慌，慌乱。根据句意选D。‎ ‎【2011湖北卷,22】Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.‎ A. project B. commitment C. competition D. ambition ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“当初放弃我的工作重新接受全日制的教育是个了不起的决定，现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决定。”project项目, 计划, 方案, 课题；commitment 承诺，许诺，保证；competition比赛，竞争；ambition抱负，雄心，野心。commitment与后面的decision相呼应，故选B。‎ ‎【2011湖北卷,30】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.‎ A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。‎ ‎【2011江西卷31】What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?‎ A.sympathy B.theme C.object D.point ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？选D。‎ ‎【2011山东卷,34】There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.‎ A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。”tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition作答案。‎ ‎【2011江苏卷,32】We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.‎ A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】考查名词的辨义。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。‎ ‎【举一反三】【2012届•牡丹江一中高三上学期期中考试】‎ To play better, all the players have to know their ___________ and weaknesses.‎ A. techniques B. strengths C. benefits D. values ‎【答案】B strengths and weaknesses“优势和劣势”是固定搭配，直接选择B项。‎ ‎【2012浙江卷】7. Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.‎ A. operation B. growth C. performance D. character ‎7.【考点】名词 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据句意：作为一个学生，你的学习（performance）会很棒的如果你能够养成对所学的的东西进行反思的话。operation操作、手术；growth增长；character人物、角色，均不符合语境，故排除。‎ ‎【难度】偏小 ‎【2012湖北卷】29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.‎ A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow ‎29. A【命题立意】考查名词辨析。难度中等。‎ ‎【解题思路】句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。A项意为“症状”，符合句意；B项意为“类似”，C项意为“样本”，D项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。‎ ‎【2012湖北卷】30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. ‎ A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective ‎30. B【命题立意】考查名词辨析。难度较易。‎ ‎【解题思路】句意为：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序”，符合句意；A项意为“模式”，C项意为“节目”，D项意为“远景”，都与语意不符。‎ ‎【2012江苏卷】21. — Can I help you with it?‎ ‎— I appreciate your , but I can manage it myself.‎ A. advice B. question C. offer D. idea ‎21. 【考点】名词词义辨析 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你的提议 “offer”，但我自己能设法做的。offer意为“提议”，符合题意。A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，主意”。‎ ‎【难度】一般 ‎【2012江西卷】29．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .‎ ‎ A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory ‎29答案：B考点：考察词义辨析 解析：你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。‎ for future reference是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。‎ ‎【2012四川卷】15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.‎ A. luck B. value C. time D. fact ‎15.【答案与解析】 C 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选C。‎ ‎【2012全国II】19. The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ______ in this city.‎ A. quantity B. progress C. production D. demand ‎【答案】D 【解析】此处quantity数量；progress进步； production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：《哈利波特》很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的需求量。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。‎ ‎3【2012天津卷】You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation. 【C】‎ A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary ‎1. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 21. Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.‎ A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege ‎【答案】A。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。perspective 观点，看法； 角度；priority优先，优先权；participation n. 参加，参与 ；privilege n. 特权 ，权益；重点结构：written from…在句中充当后置定语。‎ ‎【句意】从城市青年的角度来写的诗歌更加倾向于揭示他们在缺乏归属感上的焦虑。 ‎ ‎2. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 22. Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.‎ A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier ‎【答案】D。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。difference 差别，差异 ；comparison 比较，对照 ; connection 连接 ; 联系，关系 ; barrier 障碍 ; 屏障 ;本题中有一个which引导的非限制性定义从句，一个短语prevents …from…‎ ‎【句意】二氧化碳在我们与太阳之间的形成了一道屏障，它可以防止热量轻易逃离大气层，因此地球变得越来越暖。‎ ‎3. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.‎ A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion ‎【答案】B。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查短语和句意的理解。at random任意地，随便地；by chance偶然地，意外地；无意之中；碰巧；in turn轮流地；相应地；on occasion有时， 间或。‎ ‎【句意】一个艺术家最近乘坐渡轮到那个南方岛屿旅游，他无意之中竟然发现失传已久的古希腊花瓶。‎ ‎4. (2013年高考英语江苏卷) 33. With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better. ‎ A. share B. chance C. turn D. lead ‎【答案】C。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查固定短语在语境中的使用。A. take a share分担……，为……出力 B. take a chance冒险 C. take a turn转弯，转；（情况、形势等）转变 D. take a lead领先，带头。根据本句，for the better的提示，可见是讲转变，变得更好，所以选C。‎ ‎【句意】有了源于其他食品文化的灵感，美国饮食文化可以变得更好。‎ ‎5. (2013年高考英语江西卷) 22. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.‎ A. curiosity B. satisfaction C. envy D. patience ‎【答案】D。‎ ‎【解析】考查with+名词搭配的介宾短语。A. with curiosity好奇地；B. with satisfaction满意地；C. with envy羡慕地；D. with patience耐心地。‎ ‎【句意】无论什么时候我犯了错，老师总是耐心地给我指出来。‎ ‎6. (2013年高考英语辽宁卷) 23. The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.‎ A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage ‎【答案】D。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。A. harm伤害，害处 B. injury意外伤害 C. ruin毁灭（不可修复）；废墟D. damage破坏，损坏（可以修复）。根据后一句it’s nothing serious，可知造成的破坏不严重，可以修复。所以选D。‎ ‎【句意】这次事故对我的汽车造成了一些损坏，但并不严重。‎ ‎7. (2013年高考英语天津卷) 7. While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art.‎ A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit ‎【答案】C。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查名词的词义辨析。A项way意为“方式、方法”；B项relation意为“关系，联系”；C项taste意为“品位，鉴赏”，符合句意；而D项意为“习惯”。‎ ‎【句意】当她在巴黎时，培养了自己鉴赏精美艺术品的品位。‎ ‎8. (2013年高考英语浙江卷) 4. As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.‎ A. worth B. supply C. package D. list ‎【答案】B。‎ ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。worth价值，package包装，list名单，清单， supply供应，与语境“人口增长”相对应的是“粮食供应”‎ ‎【句意】随着世界人口继续增长，食物的供应变得越来越受关注。‎