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2016高考动词词组大辨析
1.Cut词组
cut back on---削减---;减少; 缩减, cut back on production 削减产量
cut down 砍倒;削减--- cut down on =cut back on削减---
cut in 插队,插嘴
cut off 切断,中断(电,煤气等) cut off the electricity /gas /water
sb be cut off from the outside world某人与世隔绝
cut up切碎;伤心
cut out停止,裁剪出 ph: cut sth. out of sth.
2. 拓展: “up”短语
spring up 突然兴起;迅速出现Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the city
break up①击碎破碎粉碎②分开分手分散 build up建立eg:build up one's strength增强体质
bring up抚养长大 clear up①打扫干净②天气放晴
give up放弃 stay up熬夜
look up①抬头看②尊敬某人look up to sb ③查字典look sth up in a dictionary 4.生意等好转
make up_①形成②杜撰③编造4弥补5打扮6__下定决心做某事 make up one’s mind to do sth
hold up①举起②抢劫③交通堵塞 set up建立
turn up①出现②把声音调大_________________
pick up①捡起拾起②拿起③收集4整理5承载6偶然获得7学会8索取9付账10赢得11恢复keep up保持坚持维持 keep up with sth赶上 take up①占据(时间空间)②开始从事③拿起
3.“break”词组
break down 1机器等出故障,汽车抛锚;2 谈判通讯等中断; 3身体垮了;
4 感情控制不住(哭起来,笑起来); 5(化学物等)分解,瓦解
break in vi.(强盗等)强行闯入;打岔(无被动)
break into vt.破门而入
break out vt.(战争,火灾等)爆发
break away逃跑,摆脱 break away from从---中摆脱
break up击碎,粉碎,破碎;分手,分散,分离 (书本词组)
break through 突破
4.“take”词组
take over 接替,接管,接手 Ph: 接管某人的职位take over one’s position
take off 起飞;脱衣;开始成名;事业腾飞(career)
take in 吸收;理解;欺骗;把---拿进来
take on呈现take on a new look
承担take on a responsibility
雇佣take on sb
接纳,受欢迎
take up拿起;占据(时间,空间);开始从事于---
take after 长得像某人
take to doing sth 开始喜欢做某事;开始---上瘾
take sth apart 把某物拆开
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take it easy 放心好了 take one’s time 别急,慢慢来 take it seriously 把某事当真
take advantage of----=make use of---- 利用
5. time词组
at a time 一次 in no time 立刻(不倒装)
at one time 曾经 at no time 绝不 (倒装)
at times 有时候
ahead of time 提前
for the time being 暂时,目前 = at present
from time to time 时不时地
for the first time 第一次( 时间状语,一个句子)
the first time 第一次(连词,连接两个句子)
It’s time for sb. to do sth.
It’s (high) time that sb. did/( should) do sth.
This/It’s the first time that sb has / have done 这是某人第一次做-----
It was the first time that sb. had done
There was a time when -------- 曾经有一段时间(定语从句)
Eg:Time is far away when we can get together.
6. a +n+to ----- ----- 的纪念碑
阵亡军人的纪念碑 a monument to the soldiers killed in the war
类似短语:
a solution to ----的解决办法 a key to ---的钥匙、关键
an invitation to ---的诱因 an answer to ---的答案
an entrances to ----的入口 an introduction to ----的介绍/序言
an approach to ----的方法 an access to -----的通道
7. run词组 注意:run可翻译为褪色(fade)
on the run 躲避,忙碌,不停奔波
run over①车辆将---碾过 ②液体溢出
run into sb = come across sb= run across sb=meet sb by chance偶遇,碰上
run after 追赶--------chase after 追逐----
run away 逃跑
sb. run out of sth. 用光,用完
sth. run out (无被动)
sth. give out (无被动)
sb. use up sth.
sth. be used up
run for 竞选
in the short run 在短期内 in the long run 从长远角度看
8. 拓展:“put”词组
put through ①接通电话②使经历
put off推迟 put out扑灭关(灯);公布,出版
put down写下,记下,放下;镇压
put on穿衣服;增加;上演 put forward提出(建议、计划、主意等)/ 拨快钟表
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put aside把---放在一边;储蓄(金钱) put away把---收拾起来;储蓄金钱
put up①张贴~a picture②支起~a tent③留宿一晚~for a night④忍受~with sth
5.拿出来出售put up for sale
9. turn词组
turn to①转向... Ph:向右转/向左转 turn (to the) right/left
②翻到....ph:翻到第6页turn to page 6
③求助于某人 ph:turn to sb for help
拓展 “turn”词组
turn up①出现;露面 ②把音量调高 turn down①拒绝 ②把音量调低
turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn in=hand in 上交
turn out①结果是,证明是... It turns out /proves (to be) +n/adj. 无被动
②生产出,制造出 turn out cars
③倾巢而出
turn over 翻转过来 turn away 转身, 撵走
turn a blind eye to...对....视而不见
turn a deaf ear to...对....听而不闻
in turn 轮流,转而 He takes exercise every day, which in turn improves his health.
10. in +n+of 词组
sb. be in favor of sth. = sb. be for sth. 某人支持某事
do sb. a favor= do a favor for sb. 帮某人一个忙
拓展: in + n.+ of 的结构
in honor of 为纪念;为庆祝; 对---表示尊敬 in memory of 为纪念
in celebration of 为庆祝 in place of 代替 in search of 寻找(未知)
in support of 支持 in need/want of 需要 in case of 以防万一
sb. be in charge of sth. 某人负责,掌管某事(主动)
sth. be in the charge of sb, 某事被某人掌管(被动)
11. What’s more此外;而且
What’s worse情况跟糟的是 What if...如果...怎么办?
So what?那又怎样? How come+陈述语气 怎么可能
What’s up?怎么了?
What’s on?上映什么?
12. “let”词组
let out 1)放出 ph: 把猫放出let the cat out 反义:let in 让----进来
2) 泄密 ph: let out a secret
3)发出叫喊ph: let out a cry
4)放大(衣服)
let off 1)排放 ph:排放有毒气体 let off poisonous gas
2)放(炮.烟火) ph:放鞭炮 let off fireworks/firecracker
3)让某人下车 ph:let sb off
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4)免除(惩罚)
拓展: let alone 更不用说
let sb alone 不理某人/别管某人
let sb down 使某人失望
let out a secret 泄密
13. in the n of 词组
in the form of ---- 以---的形式 (n.)
form / get into the habit of 养成---的习惯 (vt.)
拓展: in the hope of ----怀着---的希望
in the direction of---- 朝着----的方向
in the eyes of ---- 在---看来
in the name of ---- 以---的名义
14.hold词组
.hold out ①递出;拿出②伸出③坚持;维持
Eg:拿出一卷卫生纸 hold out a roll of toilet paper
Eg:他伸出手表达对我们的热烈欢迎。
He hold out his hands to express his warm welcome to us
Eg:我们的粮食还能维持多久?How long can our food hold out?
拓展: hold off 推迟;拖延;延迟
hold back ①缩回 hold one’s hand back ②抑制(感情);隐瞒(真相)
hold on ①别挂,等等(电话用语) ②紧紧抓住.... hold on to sth
hold up ①举起;拿起②推动③使延误;使停顿
15. “way” 词组:
in this way /by this means/ with this method 用这种方法
in one’s/the way 挡道/
in a way 在某种程度上
in no way绝不(部分倒装)
by the way 顺便问一下
by way of ---- 途经----
make one’s way (辛苦地)前进,行走 挡住某人的道
make way for--- 让路给---/ 给---让位
16. get词组
get through ①顺利通过(考试) ②接通电话 ③度过(时间) ④做完;办完,用完(钱)
get across ①横穿;横渡 ②get sth across to sb./sth get across to sb某事为某人所理解
get on/along with sb.和某人相处 get on/along with sth. (事情)进展
get in收获庄稼 get together聚会;相聚 get rid of摆脱 get away逃离;离开
get over ①从疾病中恢复过来 ②克服(difficulties=overcome difficulties) get it懂了;理解了
get on 上车 get off 下车
get down to doing sth着手做某事 get it懂了,理解了
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get around ①四处走动②(谣言)等四处传播
17 set词组
.set sb/sth loose 释放...... = set sb/sth free
be set in 以……为背景 set up 成立,建立
set about doing sth / set out to do sth 开始做某事
set off
set aside 1. 把……放在一边;搁置 2. 不理会 3. 储蓄(时间,金钱)
set fire to sth= set sth on fire 放火烧某物
set out .出发 .提出,制定出 ph : 出发去某地点 set out for sp
set sail 起航 set sail for sp 起航去某地
set sb an example = set an example to sb 为某人树立一个榜样
set down 放下,写下,记下 set foot in/ on sp踏上某地
18 pay off 某人的努力获得成功,得到回报
付清 pay off the debts付清债务
Pay off sb 付清工资后辞退某人
pay money for sth为---付钱 pay 100 yuan for the bike
pay back 偿还
19.. remind vt.1.使。。。想起。。。 ph:~sb of sth使某人想起某事。。
2.提醒 ph:~ sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事=charge sb with sth
rob sb of sth 抢某人某物
cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某病(treat sb for sth治疗某人的某病 )
inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人确信某事 被动:
deprive sb of sth 剥夺某人某物
常见的make的词组
be made of---由---制成(看得出原材料)
be made from---由---制成(看不见原材料)
be made into--- 被制成--- make out 勉强分辨出--- make it 成功地做了某事
be made in sp在sp制造出
21.give词组
give up 放弃 give in屈服 give way让步
give off发光、发热、发出气体。 give out 发光、发热、发出气体, 分发;耗尽,用完;筋疲力尽
give away 赠送,泄密
22.go through ①经历,遭受(困难,痛苦等)②审阅,检查
eg.战争中多数家庭经历了困难。
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Most families went through difficulties in the war.
go over复习=review go down价格、温度下降 go ahead 去做吧、干吧
go in for –爱好---- go against 违背 have a go at sth尝试某事
go without---不吃,不用
23. Keep词组
keep up with 跟上… keep up保持,继续,维持
keep down 压制,抑制,控制 keep away from 远离某物
keep off 使远离, keep off the grass 勿踩/远离草地
keep on doing sth 继续做某事 keep out (使)在外,(使)不进入
keep after 追求,追赶,纠缠 keep sth in mind 把…记住
keep/hold back one's tears 忍住泪
keep sb( from ) doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep doing sth不停地做某事
24.call词组
call in 召集 call on sb 拜访某人 call at sp拜访某地
call names 辱骂某人 call on sb to do sth 号召某人做某事
call for—需要,去接某人,去取---
call off 取消=cancel call up 打电话给某人,把某人叫醒,使某人想起,征招入伍
25. agree词组
agree on----- 双方就----达成一致
agree with sb/what sb said 单方面同意某人
sth agree with sb (气候、食物适合某人的胃口) The food here doesn’t agree with me.
agree to (suggestion/ plan/ arrangement)
26. bring词组
bring in 引进,获利,赚钱 bring about 带来,造成
bring down使价格降低/ 击败某人 bring out 出版,显现出含义
bring forward 提出,提前 bring up 抚养长大 come/bring back to life 使恢复生机
27. die词组
die of(内因)常见的有 hunger ,illness,old age,cold
die from(外因)常见的有 wound(战争中受伤)overwork(过劳)
拓展:die off相继死去
die out 灭绝
die down (暴风雨,火,兴奋等)渐弱,渐息
die away (声音,光线,风等)渐弱,渐息
be dying to do sth./ be dying for sth. 渴望(做)某事
long to do sth/ long for sth渴望(做)某事
be eager to do sth/be eager for sth渴望(做)某事
be desperate to do sth/ be desperate for sth渴望(做)某事
be thirsty to do sth/ be thirsty for sth渴望(做)某事
28. Pull 词组
Pull down 毁坏拆毁
pull in 1.火车等进站, 船靠岸 2.赚钱 3. 拘留、逮捕嫌疑犯
pull out 1. 火车驶出站,船离岸 2.退出
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pull up 1把车停住 2责备; (使)名次提前;
pull through 恢复健康,情绪好转
pull over 靠边停车
29. if 词组
If so 如果这样的话 代上文提到的事情 If ever如果曾经发生过的话 强调动作
If any 如果有的话 强调数量 If (it is)possible/necessary
30.leave 词组
leave behind 1.忘带,留下 2. 落后,落在后面
leave out 省略,遗漏 ph: leave out a word in the sentence
leave sb alone 别管某人,让某人一个人呆着
leave for----- 离开去某地
leave aside 搁置,不考虑
leave about 乱丢,乱放 leave off 停止做某事、戒掉 leave the message留个口信
31. out词组
break out (战争等)爆发 bring out 使含义等……显示出来;出版
carry out 执行,贯彻;进行(到底) check out 结帐后离开,办妥手续离开
come out 出版,发表;显现,出现;结果是 come out first drop out 退学,退出
fall out 脱落;争吵,闹翻 figure out 计算出;弄清楚,弄明白
find out 查明;找到;发现 go out 灯火熄灭;外出
hand out 分发,散发 die out 消失,灭绝
lay out 布置,安排,设计;摆出,展开 leave out 忽略,遗漏;省略
look out 留神,注意 make out 写出;,勉强辨认出
pick out 挑选出 point out 指出,
put out 熄灭;关(灯);公布,出版 run out (of) 用完,耗尽
stand out 引人注目;突出 try out 试用,试验 ,选拔
wear out 穿破,用坏;(使)疲乏,(使)耗尽
work out 算出;想出,制定出;锻炼, 运转 work out well
out of order 出障碍;秩序混乱
out of place 不再适当的位置;不相称的,格格不入的
out of the question 不可能
out of question 没问
out of shape 身材走样,不健康
out of date 过时了
out of place 不妥当,在不恰当的位置
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