20132017高考英语Ⅰ卷七选五 7页

‎2013年新课标Ⅰ Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 72 ‎ Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 73 One is the establishment（制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 75 ‎ A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.‎ B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.‎ C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.‎ D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.‎ E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.‎ F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.‎ G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.‎ ‎2014年新课标Ⅰ The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.‎ ‎1.Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?‎ ‎ 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 38 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.‎ ‎3.Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”‎ ‎ 4. Self Expression ‎40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.‎ A. Encourage kids to cook with you.‎ B. And we can’t forget science education.‎ C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.‎ D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?‎ E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.‎ F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.‎ G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.‎ ‎2015年新课标Ⅰ Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.‎ ‎● 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.‎ ‎●39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.‎ You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.‎ A. Learn to really trust yourself.‎ B. It is putting confidence in someone.‎ C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.‎ D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.‎ E. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.‎ F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.‎ G. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.‎ ‎2016年新课标Ⅰ Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.‎ ‎ People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.‎ ‎ There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”‎ ‎38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”‎ ‎ A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.‎ A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. ‎ ‎2017年新课标Ⅰ If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .‎ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ‎ ‎ 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take ‎ the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.‎ I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. ‎ ‎ 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. ‎ ‎ 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. ‎ ‎ 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.‎ A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. ‎ F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.‎ G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. ‎ 答案解析：‎ v ‎2013 DCGEA ‎71.【参考答案】D ‎ ‎【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 ‎ ‎【解析思路】上文说大部分商业是要创造利润，下文说通常叫非赢利性的，所以这里有个转折。 ‎ ‎72.【参考答案】C ‎ ‎【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 ‎ ‎【解析思路】上文提到非赢利性的商业，这里举例说明。 ‎ ‎73.【参考答案】E ‎ ‎【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 ‎ ‎【解析思路】上文提到商业管理的三个技巧，这里应该是讲planning。 ‎ ‎74.【参考答案】G ‎ ‎【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 ‎ ‎【解析思路】下文是the third,所以这里是the second。 ‎ ‎75.【参考答案】A ‎ ‎【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 ‎ ‎【解析思路】上文讲了planning,direction,这里应该是control v ‎2014 DACFG 做段落填空题首先要阅读选项，了解选项含义，再浏览文章大致内容，尤其注意小标题，把握文章大意。做题时根据空格前后句的逻辑关系，填入答案。最后通读全文，对答案进行检查。‎ ‎36. 答案：D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?‎ 解析：考查逻辑关系。该空的前句是说未来有很多未知的职业，后句又说通过培养一些传统技能，能帮助孩子们为未来做好准备。可见，两句间缺乏过度，而D选项“如何帮助孩子为未来职业做好准备”可以起到承上启下的作用。‎ ‎37. 答案：A. Encourage kids to cook with you.‎ 解析：考查逻辑关系。从空后内容可知，可以通过烹饪激发孩子的好奇心，那空格处应填入和烹饪有关的内容，只有A选项符合。‎ ‎38. 答案：C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.‎ 解析：考查逻辑关系。空前说创造力是创造新事物的能力，空后说有许多不同的事物可以让你尝试。前后两句缺乏过度，而C选项“我们可以让孩子思考材料的新用途”与后句形成斜接关系。‎ ‎39. 答案：F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.‎ 解析：考查逻辑关系。空后是具体的问题，那么空格处应该填入和questions有关的语句，而F选项“我们可以在真实生活中或在故事里问一些问题”符合文意。‎ ‎40. 答案：G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.‎ 解析：考查逻辑关系。空后说“有很多种方式表达自己的想法”，关键词是ways, 那么空格处应填入和方式相关的语句，G选项符合文意。‎ v ‎2015 BEACG 试题分析：文章主要讲述了一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 ‎ ‎36.B 根据前一句 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。‎ 37. E 根据前句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。‎ ‎38. A 根据后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。‎ ‎39. C根据后句If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。‎ ‎40. G根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。‎ v ‎2016 DEGFA ‎36.【解析】D ‎　　本题考察是逻辑关系，根据下一句“code breaking never lags behind code making”可知上一句是只要出现密码，就会有人去解码，故选D。‎ ‎　　37.【解析】E ‎　　本题考察是句子之间的例证关系，从后面文章的举例中“For example, the first letters are ‘My elephant eats too many eels’ spell out the hidden message ‘Meet me.’ ”那么前一句应该是对例子的概括，即我们可以知道是运用每个单词的首字母来组成密码，E选项正确 ‎　　38.【解析】G ‎　　本题考察是文章的篇章结构，前一段是讲到了第一种方法，根据篇章结构，下一段应该是讲述第二种设置密码的方法，而根据该段的例子，即字母表中字母排列顺序转化成为数字信息，所以这里关键词是another way 还有alphabet，故选G。‎ ‎　　39.【解析】F ‎　　本题考察的是逻辑关系，从上一句“To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book ”你需要借用解码书来找出密码单词所对应真正意思，F选项表示你应该找出解码书中密码所代表的词语，故F正确。‎ ‎　　40.【解析】A ‎　　本题考察的是关键词以及转折关系，根据下一句出现“it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long, ” 这里出现了also ‎ hard,所以上一句关键词为hard;另外however表示转折关系，证明上一句与下一句表达的意思相反，即上一句应该没有解密书，是很难去完成解密工作，故A正确。‎ ‎2017 DCAFE