高考英语语法要点专题复习 135页

‎2013届高三英语语法要点精练（配最新高考+模拟）‎ 专题22 阅读理解 ‎1.‎ Tickets and Events for 2012 London Olympic Games Tickets ‎1．A Chinese who wants to get tickets for Olympic Football Tournament should _____．‎ ‎ A．apply to a European appointed ATR by Dec．2, 2011‎ ‎ B．purchase through NPC in China by Feb．6, 2012‎ ‎ C．visit http://www．tickets．london2012．com now ‎ D．contact the NOC in China by Feb．6, 2012‎ ‎2．____will be held in the Olympic Park．‎ ‎ A．Walking and table tennis B．Running and women's basketball quarter-finals ‎ C．Taekwondo and table tennis D．Men's basketball quarter-finals and taekwondo ‎3．Which sport will last the longest period of time?‎ ‎ A．Athletics． B．Taekwondo． C．Basketball． D．Table Tennis．‎ ‎ [文章大意] 这是一篇应用文。是关于2012年伦敦奥运会的部分赛事以及部分赛事的票价。‎ ‎1. B细节理解题。题干关键词为：tickets for Olympic Football Tournament，由 表格1 中的Olympic Football Tournament后面的信息可以直接得出答案。‎ ‎2. B细节理解题。由表格2中的Venue（场地）中的Olympic park后面的赛事可以直接得出答案。 ‎ ‎3.D数字计算题。由表二可知：Athletics(8,3—8,12）；Taekwondo(8,8—8,11）；Basketball(7,28-8,12）；Table Tennis(7,28—8,8）。由此可以看出答案。‎ ‎2. ‎ ‎【2012四川德阳高中高三一诊】The singer, Mick Jagger, of the ‎ Rolling Stones sings a song that tells people they can’t always get what they want but if we try sometimes we can get what we need. The past years in my life my parents have told me this saying many times. I’ve always complained about the quote(引语). Although over time I have told myself to learn from it.‎ ‎ This year my girlfriend flew off to college in West Palm, Florida. This has been a killer for me because I haven’t been able to see her and she is having a rough time in school. The last two months have been hard but we are working through it. I have been trying to get my dad to buy me a plane ticket to go down there. My dad told me if I brought him some money he would help me pay for the ticket. I started to complain to him because I had no way of getting any money to give him. I spent several days and nights thinking of ways to earn money to go see my girlfriend. I finally came to the conclusion that I would get a job and work hard to earn some money to give to my dad. I applied to Safeway and I ended up getting the job.‎ ‎ I have been working at Safeway for about a month now and work hard to earn money to go see my girlfriend. The other day my mom had surprised me and told me that she asked her boss if she could use their business miles(旅费) to buy me a ticket down to Florida for two weeks. I was very thankful and told her I would help pay for anything that I have to. The thought of me working hard and getting a job showed my mom ‎ that I really cared and was trying my best to be a successful person. I believe that you can’t always get what you want but if you try sometimes, you get what you need.‎ ‎1．The author’s parents often told him the saying quoted from the song because .‎ ‎ A．He liked to complain to them about his life ‎ B．They expected him to learn from the singer ‎ C．He always wanted to get everything he wanted ‎ D．They tried to educate him to do things for himself ‎2．What does the world “killer” underlined in the second paragraph refer to?‎ ‎ A．Something that is quite troublesome. B．Something that is very difficult.‎ ‎ C．A person who kills purposely. D．A person who treats women very badly.‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the passage?‎ ‎ A．The author was lazy and unwilling to work hard.‎ ‎ B．The author’s father was too mean to give him money.‎ ‎ C．The author’s actual action won support from his mother.‎ ‎ D．The author was unable to tear himself away from his girl friend.‎ ‎4．By writing the passage, the author tries to show .‎ ‎ A．we can do nothing without money ‎ B．fathers are strict while mothers are kind ‎ C．it’s hard for parents to bring up their children ‎ D．we should try to rely on ourselves for everything ‎[文章大意] 作者的父亲总是引用歌词教育作者，凡事要靠自己的努力，作者就只凭借自己的努力满足了打动父母，如愿以偿的拿到了去看女朋友的票。‎ ‎1. D推理判断题。由作者在第一段最后的“I’ve always complained about the quote(引语). Although over time I have told myself to learn from it.”尽管作者总是抱怨，但自己也承认学从中学到了东西，这正是父母引用的目的所在。‎ ‎2. A考查词义猜测。由下文的解释“because I haven’t been able to see her and she is having a rough time in school.”可以看出，女朋友离开去上大学了，自己感觉很孤独，再加上女友在学校“having a rough time”，由此可以看出，这正是上文所说的killer，一些使人烦恼的事情。‎ ‎3. C推理判断题。当作者提出让父母出钱买票去看女友的时候，父亲的答复是：作者得出钱，即：“if I brought him some money he would help me pay for the ticket.”后来作者找了份工作(ended up getting the ‎ job），并努力赚钱买票(work hard to earn money to go see my girlfriend.），正是作者的实际行动感动了作者的妈妈，从而“asked her boss if she could use their business miles(旅费) to buy me a ticket down to Florida for two weeks.”‎ ‎4. D主旨大意题。作者用开篇用一句歌词引出了主题，只要：只要努力就能得到自己所需要的。中间用自己的一次经历进行了论证，最后一段在回扣：…trying my best to be a successful person.， I believe that you can’t always get what you want but if you try sometimes, you get what you need. ，也就是：we should try to rely on ourselves for everything。‎ ‎3.‎ ‎【2012上海青浦高三期终】‎ ‎ (You may read the questions first.)‎ Transformers: Dark of the Moon Theatrical Release Date: July 1, 2011‎ Studio: Paramount Pictures ‎ Director: Michael‎ ‎Bay ‎ Genre: Action︱Adventure︱Sequel︱ Sci-Fi︱ 3D The Autobots, led by Optimus Prime, are back in action, taking on ‎ the evil Decepticons. The Autobots and Decepticons become involved in a dangerous space race. The Autobots learn of a Cybertronian spacecraft on the Moon and must race against the Decepticons to find its secrets, which could turn the tide in the Transformers’ final battle. Shockwave, a longtime “Transformers” character, rules Cybertron while the Autobots and Decepticons battle it out on Earth.‎ Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part II Theatrical Release Date: July 15, 2011‎ Studio: Warner Bros. Pictures Director: David Yates Genre: Action︱Adventure︱Sequel︱Fantasy︱3D In part II, the battle between the good and evil forces of the Wizarding world evolves into an all-out war. This final adventure continues Harry, Ron, and Hermione’s attempt to find and destroy Voldemort’s remaining Horcruxes. Harry Potter is called upon to make the ultimate sacrifice to bring an end to his nemesis.‎ Winnie the Pooh Theatrical Release Date: July 15, 2011‎ Studio: Walt Disney Pictures Director: Don Hall, Stephen J. Anderson Genre: Sequel︱Family Animation Winnie the Pooh is a 2011 American traditionally animated feature film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. Based upon the characters of the children’s books Winnie-the-Pooh, The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne and Return to the Hundred Acre Wood by David Benedictus, the film features two previously unadapted stories from the original books. ‎ In the movie, Owl sends the whole gang to save Christopher Robin from an imaginary bad character, and it turns out to be a very busy day for Winnie the Pooh who simply set out to find some honey.‎ ‎1. Which of the following is not the genre of Transformers: Dark of the Moon?‎ ‎ A. Action. B. Sequel. C. 3D. D. Fantasy.‎ ‎2. According to the Movie Express above, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part II is mainly about ______.‎ A. a journey of Harry, Ron, and Hermione B. high risks of the final adventure C. an all-out war between good and evil forces D. a fear of Lord Voldemort ‎3. Who might be most interested in the Movie Express of Winnie the Pooh?‎ ‎ A. Would-be parents. B. Families with children.‎ ‎ C. Writers of children’s books. D. Honey lovers.‎ ‎[文章大意]这是一篇应用文，向我们介绍了三部电影，以吸引观众。‎ ‎1. D细节理解题。由第一部分的“Genre: Action︱Adventure︱Sequel︱ Sci-Fi︱ 3D”可以看出，前三项符合要求。‎ ‎2. C细节理解题。由第二部分的“In part II, the battle between the good and evil forces of the Wizarding world evolves into an all-out war.”可以直接得出答案。‎ ‎3. B细节理解题。由最后一部分的“Studio: Walt Disney Pictures”结合常识可以看出，这是一卡通，应该适合儿童欣赏。‎ ‎4.‎ ‎【2012·西安一次质检】More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.‎ ‎ The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.‎ ‎ The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made, first-generation rich. Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth. One in there parents said they had never thought to do it.‎ ‎ They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.‎ ‎ Only 34 percent strongly agreed that t heir children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产) they plan to leave them.‎ ‎ “There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Bank of America Globai Wealth and Investment Management. “Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”‎ ‎ The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会), and not to his children.‎ ‎ “We want to five it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact,” he said.‎ ‎ Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage… they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.” ‎ ‎1．We can learn from the passage that .‎ ‎ A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance ‎ B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids, at least in the ‎US ‎ C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth ‎ D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents ‎2．According to the survey, most rich Americans .‎ ‎ A．think they owe their children nothing ‎ B．think it best to give their money back to society ‎ C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth ‎ D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth ‎3．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to .‎ ‎ A．responsible children B．Bill Gates and his wife ‎ C．first-generation rich D．rich parents ‎4．From the last paragraph, we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ‎ ‎.‎ ‎ A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children ‎ B．the positive impact of charity on society ‎ C．the way of giving back to society ‎ D．the importance of independence for children ‎【答案与解析】文章主要介绍了大多数美国富人处理他们资产的方式，告诉人们保持孩子的独立性比金钱更重要。‎ ‎1.B细节推断题，根据第二段、第三段可知，在美国，大多数富人们不把他们所有的资产告诉孩子们，也不会让孩子们继承太多的资产，可以得出家长富有并不等于孩子富有。B项rich parents don’t equal rich kids, at least in the US.(至少在美国是这样）家长富有并不等于孩子富有，符合题意。‎ ‎2.C逻辑推断题。根据第五段，“Only 34 percent strongly agreed that t heir children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产) they plan to leave them.”(仅有34%的家长坚信他们的孩子有能力处理好留给他们的任何遗产）可以推出66%的家长对孩子们处理资产的能力表示怀疑。所以C.doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth(怀疑他们的孩子处理资产的能力）符合逻辑。‎ ‎3.D根据第六段，第一句是一个that引导的定语从句，句意：那儿有一个关于富有家长们的预料，that引导的定语从句揭示了富有家长们怎么样的预料，那就是他们肩负着把他们的财富传给下一代的责任。因此，这里they指的是那些富有的家长们。‎ ‎4.D根据最后一段句意，我要给孩子们一些钱,但不是一个有意义的百分比，他们将需要工作,但他们会感觉合理照顾。由此可知，这样做的目的是不让孩子们过度的依赖父母，要让他们工作，学会独立。D.the importance of independence for children(独立对孩子们的重要性）符合最后一段的句意。‎ ‎5.‎ ‎【湖北省八校2012届高三第一次联考】Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck”． Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make．Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak．‎ ‎ Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls．The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍）their reponses．Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became．Alert(警惕的）．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves．‎ ‎ "In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say 'there's an enemy of average threat that's here', and whistles without chucks say 'there's an ‎ enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere', while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger．' " Hare told．Discovery News．‎ ‎ Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds arc part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems．‎ ‎ Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller’s social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.‎ ‎ In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language too．According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms．‎ ‎ While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽）. Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”.‎ ‎1．The text mainly talks about ．‎ ‎ A．the study on the language of squirrels ‎ B．the comparison between squirrels and chickadees ‎ C．the calling for the protection of squirrels ‎ D．the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies ‎2．If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ____．‎ ‎ A．whistles with chucks B．pure chirps ‎ C．whistles without chucks D．repeated chucks ‎3．The underlined word “tidings” in pardgmph 6 probably means ____．‎ ‎ A．difficulties B．poises C．messages D．languages ‎4．What can be learned from this text?‎ ‎ A．Squirrels communicate with cach other as humans do.‎ ‎ B．Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.‎ ‎ C．Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels．‎ ‎ D．Birds such as chickadees don’t have their own language．‎ ‎1.A 主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们讲述了Hare以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言的研究。‎ ‎2.B细节理解题。由文章中的“while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger”可以看出，B项正确。‎ ‎3.C词义推测题。下文such as 后里列举的“directing fellows' activities,‎ ‎ keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms”都是是不同的信息，由此可以看出，该词和message同义。‎ ‎4.B 推理判断题。从文章的第二段中“…Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became．Alert(警惕的）．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves．”可以看出，松鼠们对于“the recorded alarm calls”反应很忙敏感，也就是说他们能理解。‎ ‎6.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊三县联考】 After moving to the United States, immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds．That's one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America．‎ ‎ The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents' food choices．After being questioned about their ability to speak English，75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.‎ ‎ When their American identity was called into question during a ‎ follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches．In that experiment, 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant. Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat（饱和脂肪）.‎ ‎"People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，"said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington." If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health." Cheryan added．‎ ‎ Social pressures，the study concluded, are at the heart of the problem．"In American society today, being American is associated with being white．Americans，who don't fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they're American," said Cheryan．‎ ‎ 1. The author wants to show that __________.‎ ‎ A. more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks ‎ ‎ B. immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in ‎ C. most Americans are at the risk of heart disease ‎ D. all the American people have a bad eating habit ‎ 2. According to the survey, __________.‎ ‎ A. Asian-Americans care less about their health ‎ B. 25 percent of Americans like junk food ‎ C. choosing food is related to Asian-Americans' situation ‎ D. immigrants are forced to eat junk food ‎ 3. The underlined word "fare" in Paragraph 4 most probably means" __________".‎ ‎ A. food offered as a meal B. a person taking a taxi ‎ C. money spent on food D. an arranged thing to do ‎ 4. According to Sauna Cheryan, __________.‎ A. what immigrants have done is ridiculous ‎ B. American traditional foods are healthier ‎ C. immigrants risk their health in order to fit in ‎ ‎ D. American culture affects immigrants deeply ‎ 5. Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?‎ A. The situation of employment. B. The traditional culture.‎ C. The American government. D. The pressures from society.‎ ‎【答案与解析】 移居美国是不少人的梦想，许多移民不惜以健康为代价千方百计融入美国社会。‎ l·B作者意图题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据本段第一句中的内容可知作者意在表明移民倾向于食用高能量食物以便融人美国社会。‎ ‎2·C推理判断题。从第二段的研究可知，75％的被询问过英语能力的亚裔美国人将一种典型的美国食物看做他们的最爱，而只有25％的没有被询问是否说英语的亚裔美国人这样做，由此可推断选择食物与亚裔美国人的处境有关。‎ ‎3·A猜测词义题：结合上文中的“In that experiment。55 Asian．Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant．”以及画线词后面的内容可推知画线词表示的是提供的食物。‎ ‎4·C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后半部分中的内容可推断此人认为移民不惜以健康为代价去融人美国社会。‎ ‎5·D细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的内容可知应该把不良的饮食习惯归咎于社会压力。‎ ‎7.‎ ‎ 【2012·上海春招】 For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to ‎ remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three ‎ notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in ‎ Mozambique.‎ ‎ Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water.‎ ‎ As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty -- we ‎ hadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving ‎ next to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them -- brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to ‎ us.‎ ‎ I shouted to Dan: "Look!", but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet.‎ ‎ They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.‎ ‎ "Wild horses?" he said. "Why didn't you wake me up?"‎ ‎ "I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds."‎ ‎ "Are you sure you didn't dream it?"‎ ‎ "You were the one who was sleeping!"‎ ‎ 'Typical, he said. "The best photos are the ones we never take."‎ ‎ We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.‎ ‎1. During their journey in Africa, the two travelers________‎ A. made friends with local residents ‎ B. complained about the poor living conditions C. enjoyed the sunset in the Karoo desert most ‎ D. recorded their experiences in different ways ‎2. What does the phrase "heroic forms" in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. Racing cars. B. Wild horses. C. Eye-catching locals. D. Running dogs.‎ ‎3. What did Daniel think when he woke up and was told what had happened?‎ ‎ A. He always missed out on the best thing. B. He had already taken beautiful pictures.‎ C. A sound sleep was more important. D. The next trip would be better.‎ ‎4. What is 'the passage mainly about?‎ ‎ A. How to view wildlife in Africa. B. Running into wildlife in Africa.‎ C. Tourist attractions in southern Africa. D. Possible dangers of travelling in the desert.‎ ‎1.D考查细节理解。根据Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words.可知D正确。‎ ‎2.B考查猜测词义。根据句意内容应该指追汽车的野马。‎ ‎3.A考查细节理解。根据The best photos are the ones we never take.可知A正确。‎ ‎4.B考查主旨要义。文章主要叙述了我们在晚上被一群野马追逐的景观，所以文章的大意是Running into wildlife in Africa.。‎ ‎8.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊期末】When Boris left school，he could not find a job．He tried hard and pestered(纠缠)his relatives，but they had problems of their Own。He answered advertisements until he could not afford to buy any more stamps. Boris grew annoyed，then depressed，then a little hardened．Still he went on trying and still he ‎ failed．He began to think that he had no future at all.‎ ‎ “Why don’t you start your own business?” one of his uncles told him．“The world is a money-locker。You’d better find a way of opening it.”‎ ‎“But what can I do?”‎ ‎“Get out and have a look round,” advised his uncle in a vague sort of way．“See what people want；then give it to them，and they will pay for it.”‎ Boris began to cycle around the town and found a suitable piece of a waste ground in the end. Then he set up his business as a cycle repairer．He worked hard，made friends with his customers and gradually managed to build up his goodwill and profit．A few months later, he found that he had more work than he could deal with by himself．He found a number of empty shops but they were all no good：in the wrong position，too expensive or with some other snag(障碍). But at long last，he managed to find an empty shop on a new estate where there were plenty of customers but no competition.‎ Boris and his assistant taught themselves how to repair scooters and motor-cycles．Slowly but surely the profits increased and the business developed. At last，Boris had managed to open the money-locker and found bank notes and gold Coins inside．‎ ‎1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?‎ A. Goodwill is the key to success． B. The world is a money-locker C．No education, no future D. Difficulty of starting a small business ‎2.Which of the following best describes Boris’job hunting experience?‎ A. Surprising B. Encouraging C. Boring D. Disappointing ‎ ‎3. Boris start his career by . ‎ ‎ A. cycling around the town B. developing a waste ground ‎ C. repairing cycles D. buying empty shops ‎4. Boris finally chose an empty shop on a new estate because .‎ ‎ A. it was not so expensive B. he had a lot of old customers there C. he could make good use of his skills there D. there were good opportunities there ‎5. We can infer from the last paragraph that Boris . ‎ A. still couldn’t make good profits B. set off in a successful career C. found a lot of gold coins by accident D. had great difficulty running his business ‎【答案与解析】主人公Boris毕业后，在寻找工作的过程中屡屡受挫，失望之至，在叔叔的建议下，从修理自行车开始，逐渐走向了成功。‎ ‎1.B 标题判断题。纵观全文可以看出，文章通过主人公求职屡遭拒绝，最后经过调整思路赚得第一桶金，然后把自己的生意越做做大，从而打开了世界这把锁钱的锁的故事，由此可知，B项最能概括全文。‎ ‎2. D 推理判断题。第一段中描述了Boris求职接连失败的感受：Boris grew annoyed，then depressed，then a little hardened．，因此，四个选项中只有disappointing【失望的），符合语境。‎ ‎3. C细节理解题。由倒数第二段的“Then he set up his business as a cycle repairer．”可知答案。‎ ‎4. D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“But at long last，he managed to find an empty shop on a new estate where there were plenty of customers but no competition.”可以看出，那里顾客较多、没有竞争，也就是说那里机会好，所以选D。‎ ‎5. B 推理判断题。最后一段前半部分告诉我们他的生意越来越大，利润越来越客观，最后一句对此作了总结，由此可以看出，他的事业取得了成功。‎ ‎9.‎ ‎ 【2012·西安一次质检】Wherever she goes, Molly leaves her mark. Without saying a word, she speaks to people with her kind eyes. Even when she walks away, she leaves an impression．Molly's mark is a smile, stamped into the ground by the horseshoe at the bottom of her false leg．‎ ‎ A few years ago, Molly was badly attacked by a dog．The dog bit all four or Molly’s legs and left large cuts in her face. Molly's owner, Kate Harris, took her to an animal hospital．Doctors there were able to save Molly’s life, but soon one of her legs became very infected(感染). ‎ ‎ At first, doctors thought Molly would have to be put to sleep．But Molly changed their minds. This pony, doctors noticed, shifted her weight, and rested her good leg from time to time. Doctors knew t hat Molly had amazing intelligence, and that she wanted to live. ‎ ‎ Several doctors operated on Molly, and removed her infected leg. A false leg was made for her. The leg was a hollow cast with a pole at the bottom for balance. Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the bottom of the leg. This horseshoe she had had a stamp of a smile face in it! ‎ ‎ After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs, as if nothing had ever happened to her! Now, with every step she takes, she stamps a smile in the dirt．But she leaves her m ark in other ways, too.‎ ‎ Kaye Harris took Molly to the false leg center. There were children ‎ there who, like Molly, had artificial arms or legs. They were amazed to see a pony with a false leg. Molly made them smile and gave them hope. Soon, Molly began to visit schools, nursing homes, army bases and hospitals. A book was even written about Molly!‎ ‎1．Molly is the name of a .‎ ‎ A．dog B．horse C．parent D．child ‎2．Which of the following is true according to the text?‎ ‎ A．Molly can speak to people in kind words.‎ ‎ B．Kay Harris took Molly to a children’s hospital after the attack.‎ ‎ C．In the beginning, doctors had planned to end Molly’s life.‎ ‎ D．Molly sometimes leaves smiling marks on people’s faces.‎ ‎3．What is unique about Molly?‎ ‎ A．Molly has a false leg with a horseshoe shaped like a smiling face.‎ ‎ B．Molly ran a race and won the first prize.‎ ‎ C．Molly often visits places such as schools and parks.‎ ‎ D．Molly has become a symbol of hope for people of all ages.‎ ‎4．Which is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A．A Book on Molly B．A False Leg ‎ C．A successful Operation D．Leaving her Mark ‎【答案与解析】文章介绍了一个名叫Molly的小型马在很小的时候不幸受伤，依靠安装假肢顽强生活下去的故事，给了那些在逆境中的人们以极大的精神鼓舞，引导人们在逆境中保持乐观，看到希望。‎ ‎1.B细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the bottom of the leg”可以看出：医生在Molly腿的底部安装了一个特殊的马蹄铁，可知Molly是一匹马。‎ ‎2. C 细节判断题。由第三段的“At first, doctors thought Molly would have to be put to sleep”可以看出：起初，医生认为Molly会毫无疑问的被以人道方法结束生命。由此可以看出：Ｃ项“In the beginning, doctors had planned to end Molly’s life.”正确。注意选项所说的“end Molly’s life”对应原文的“Molly would have to be put to sleep”。‎ ‎3.A 细节理解题。由文章第一段的“Molly has a false leg with a horseshoe shaped like a smiling face.”(Molly装有一个镶有笑脸形状马蹄铁的假肢）这是因伤致残Molly和他的同类相比特有的东西。故选Ａ。‎ ‎4. D标题判断题。 纵观全文可以看出，文章开篇点题，也就是说，第一句话“Wherever she goes, Molly leaves her mark”就是文章的主题句。下文对此进行了进一步的阐述： Molly's mark is a smile, stamped into the ground by the horseshoe at the bottom of her false ‎ leg．然后详细解释了这个假肢的由来，故Ｄ项最能概括全文。其他各项都是文章的细节，不能概括全文。‎ ‎10．‎ ‎【2012·江苏百校联考】 Now in a world piled high with smartphones，tablets and e-readers，technology has entered the classroom in ways unimaginable. Taking classes can be fun too. A11 you have to do is swipe your fingers on your phone screen and download same Apps, which can make your study more fun and efficient. Balancing study and play in a college setting has never been easy----and with the following few apps, it'll be tough to tell the two apart.‎ Evernote Use: note-taking Can be used on：Phone/iPad/iPod touch，Android，BlackBerry，PalmOS and Windows Phone 7‎ ‎ Price：free ‎ It's hard to imagine that with all the magical gadgets, the eager, studious types would still take out a notepad，pencil，and highlighter-and take notes in class. While it's not an actual planner or calendar App，if you take notes to stay organized，then Evemote is for you. The main thing about Evernate is that all of your notes are automatically sent into the cloud(云储存平台上)---and then you can access them from any web-connected computer via the Evemote App or a web browser.‎ ‎ Evernote also support audio and photo notes-rather handy if you want to record your lecture or take photos of any projected notes. But，of course, ask for permission first.‎ ‎ Wikpanion ‎ Use：research database ‎ Can be used on：iPhone/Pad/iPod touch ‎ Price：free（Wikipanion Plus for＄4, 99，or 31．87 yuan)‎ Now，you don't necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just on your smartphone or tablet. Wkipanion gives you a simplified version of Wikipeda without leaving out any of the site's extra features. The normal links that you'd see to each section of an article xre no longer on the main screen. Instead，there's a small icon located at the bottom of the app，which can be used to access all the sections of an article. You can also open the links in Safari(苹果)Safari(浏览器)．According to the developers' site, loading Wikipedia pages with Wikpanion is a lot faster than accessing the Wikipedia site from the iPhone's browses. To be honest，we agree.‎ ‎ Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days ‎ Use: English learning application ‎ Can be used on: iPhone/iPad/iPod touch ‎ Price：For a limited time you can get the App for only＄0.‎ ‎ 99---half price.‎ ‎ Still learning English with a workbook? if so，you are behind the times. Get 21th Century Newspaper's new iPhone App，"Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days". When you download the App on your iPhone，you can listen to the hottest bilingual news selected from the newspaper's official website(www. i2lst. cn) and read by native speakers. Users can enjoy the audio bilingual news with synchronized subtitles and fantastic pictures while immersed in an authentic language environment. With a simple tap，the sentence you choose will be repeated. "Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days" has ranked No. 1 on the Chinese education App list. For a limited time you can get the App for only＄0. 99---half price.‎ ‎1. This passage mainly aims at_____‎ ‎ A, students B, travellers C. advertisers D. teachers ‎2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ ‎ A. You can get the last App mentioned for only＄0. 99----half price.‎ ‎ B. Wikipanon is free.of charge.‎ ‎ C. Evernote has ranked No. 1 on the Chinese education App list.‎ ‎ D. All these three programs are imaginary.‎ ‎3.From the passage，we know that＿·‎ ‎ A. students would still take out a notepad，pencil，and highlighter ‎ to take notes with Evernote ‎ B. with Wikpanion，you can record your lecture or take photos of the notes ‎ C. accessing the-Wikipedia site from the iPhone's browser is a lot faster than loading Wikipedia pages with Wikipanon ‎ D, with Evernote，all of your notes are automatically sent into the cloud ‎4. Which is the best title?‎ ‎ A. How to Be a Studious student? B. Gadgets Make Study Fun ‎ C. The Internet Is Very Important in Our Life D. It's Necessary to Have an iPhone ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎ 随着高科技发明渗透到生活中的各个领域，就连校园课堂也不再那么单调乏味。智能应用程序的诞生使得学习者能够更加轻松、高效地汲取知识。‎ ‎1．A推理判断题。文章中提到了3种应用程序，在讲述其用途时反复提及studious; take notes in class, record your lecture，do research work for your paper等等，可见该产品的对象是“学生”。‎ ‎2.‎ ‎ B推理判断题。Wikipanion(维基百科阅读伴侣）是免费的，但Wikipanion Plus(维基百科Plus版）需4. 99美元。‎ ‎3. D推理判断题。根据Wikipanion部分可知，研发人员网站上介绍，在维基百科阅读伴侣上加载维基百科页面要比使用苹果浏览器访问维基百科快得多，所以C项错误；文章中Evernote部分提到，The main thing about Evernote is that all of your notes are automatically sent into the cloud.．，故D项正确。‎ ‎4. B标题归纳题。本文主要讲的就是应用程序帮助你学习更加轻松、高效，故D正确。‎ ‎11.‎ ‎【2012·泰安期末】For high school leavers starting out in the working world，it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find all internship(实习)．In some countries，schools have programs to help students onto the path to work．In the Unites States，however，such programs are still few and far between．‎ Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses，students are likely to get higher earnings in later years．The students are more likely to stay in school，graduate and go on to higher education．‎ In Germany，students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships．German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment．‎ But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world．Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track．Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the country’s most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills．‎ Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high sch001．James Madison High School in New York，for example，encourages students to choose classes on career—based courses．The school then helps them gain on—the-job experience in those fields while they’re still at high school．‎ However，even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work，the job market is daunting．In the US，unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row．‎ ‎“The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the Summer job experience，they become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job，”said Michael，a researcher in the US.‎ ‎1．In the author’s opinion．American high school leavers__________.‎ A．have enough career-related courses B．need more career advice from their schools C．perform better in exams than German students D．can get higher earnings in later years ‎ ‎2．According to Robert Schwartz，_________．‎ A．there is no need for kids to go for higher education in the ‎US B．students should get contact with the working world at high school C．education reform should focus on students’performance in exams D．teenagers in the US can’t miss out on the summer job experience ‎3．What can be inferred from the text?‎ A．Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain hi曲at the moment．‎ B. Students with career—based courses never have problems finding a job．‎ C. US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment．‎ D．High school leavers with no practical skills can’t find a job absolutely ‎4．What’S the main idea of the text?‎ A．Arguments about recent US education reform．‎ B．Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers．‎ C．The lack of career—based courses in US high schools．‎ D．Advice for American high school leavers．‎ ‎5·The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 6 most probably means___________.‎ A．discouraging B．interesting C．creative D．unbearable ‎【答案与解析】文章主要介绍了通过与德国的中学的情况的比较，来说明在美国中学里，还是很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。‎ ‎1.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查作者观点题。根据第五段的Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high school．James Madison High School in New York，for example，encourages students to choose classes on career—based courses．The school then helps them gain on—the-job experience in those fields while they’re still at high school可看出答案。‎ ‎2.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查细节理解题。根据第六段的even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work，the job market is daunting看出答案。‎ ‎3.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查推理判断题。根据第六段的In the US，unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row推出答案。‎ ‎4.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查主旨大意题。文章第一段的In some countries，schools have programs to help students onto the path to work．In the Unites ‎ States，however，such programs are still few and far between点出了主题。‎ ‎65.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查词义猜测题。从下文的In the US，unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row．可猜出词义 ‎12.‎ ‎【2012·九江一模】Like any good mother; when Karen found out that another baby was on the way, she did what．she could to help her 3 - year - old son, Michael, prepare for a new baby．They find out that the new baby is going to be a girl, and day after day, night after night, Michael sings to his sister in Mommy's stomach．‎ ‎ Finally, Michael's little sister is born．But she is in serious condition．With alarm in the night, the ambulance rushes the infant to the neonatal (初生的) intensive care unit at St．Mary's Hospital, Knoxville, Tennessee．The days go by．The little girl gets worse．The pediatric (儿科的) specialist tells the parents, “There is very little hope．Be prepared for the worst．”‎ ‎ Karen and her husband contact a local cemetery about a burial plot．They have fixed up a special room in their home for the new baby , but now they plan a funeral．Michael, keeps begging his parents to let him see his sister, "I want to sing to her," he says．‎ ‎ Karen makes up her mind．She will take Michael whether they like it or not．If he doesn’t see his sister now, he may never see her alive．‎ ‎ She dresses him in an oversized suit and marches him into ICU．He looks like a walking laundry basket, but the head nurse recognizes him as a child and shouts, " Get that kid out of here now! No children are allowed．Never disturb patients here．The mother rises up strongly and said?" He is not leaving until he sings to his sister!"‎ ‎ Karen leads Michael to his sister's bedside．He gazes at the tiny infant losing the battle to live． And he begins to sing．In die pure hearted voice of a 3 - year - old, Michael sings: " You are my sunshine, my only sunshine, you make me happy when skies are gray．．．" Instantly the baby girl responds．The pulse rate becomes calm and steady．‎ ‎ The next day, the very next day, the little girl is well enough to go home! Woman's Day magazine called it " the miracle of a brother's song．" The medical staff just called it a miracle．Karen called it a miracle of Gods love!‎ ‎ Never give up on die people you love．‎ ‎1．What may the underlined words "the infant" refer to?‎ ‎ A．The baby． B．Karen． C．Mary． D．Michael ‎2．What do we know about the little sister after she was born?‎ ‎ A．She was driven to St．Mary's shop． B．A doctor came to see her in her house．‎ ‎ C．She was very thin and couldn't speak． D．She was in great danger．‎ ‎3．Why did Karen firmly let little Michael see his sister in ICU?‎ ‎ A．Because he could make his sister alive． ‎ ‎ B．Because his sister would be sent to a far hospital．‎ ‎ C．Because his sister was going to die soon． ‎ ‎ D．Because his father wanted to take him away．‎ ‎4．What do we know about the head nurse?‎ ‎ A．The head nurse was careful． B．The head nurse was rude．‎ ‎ C．The head nurse was responsible． D．The head nurse had no sympathy．‎ ‎5．What is the general idea of the text?‎ ‎ A．A boy' s singing saved his sister' s life．‎ ‎ B．The little girl is well enough to go home．‎ ‎ C．Michael's little sister is born with a serious disease．‎ ‎ D．No children are allowed to enter the intensive care unit．‎ ‎【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三岁的男孩Michael的妹妹生下来情况非常糟糕，面临着生命危险，在医院的重症监护室里，是Michael的歌声拯救了妹妹的生命，创造了生命的奇迹。‎ ‎.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查词义猜测题。从本段中Michael's little sister is born．But she is in serious condition和the neonatal (初生的) intensive care unit at St．Mary's Hospital看出是“新生儿”。故选A项。‎ ‎2.【答案】D ‎【解析】考查细节理解题。从文章第二段的Michael's little sister is born．But she is in serious condition和The days go by．The little girl gets worse．The pediatric （儿科的） specialist tells the parents, “There is very little hope．Be prepared for the worst．看出答案。‎ ‎3.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查细节理解题。从文章第四段的If he doesn’t see his sister now, he may never see her alive看出答案。‎ ‎4.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查推理题。从文章第五段的Get that kid out of here now! No children are allowed．Never disturb patients here推出答案。‎ ‎5.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查主旨大意题。从全文看出答案。文章是写三岁的男孩Michael的妹妹生下来情况非常糟糕，面临着生命危险，在医院的重症监护室里，是Michael的歌声拯救了妹妹的生命，创造了生命的奇迹。‎ ‎13.‎ ‎【2012·三明联考】‎ It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2010 summary ‎ about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: “The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.”‎ You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible(看不见的) blanket.‎ Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption（熔化） or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.‎ Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”‎ The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty. ‎ ‎1. In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.‎ ‎ A. solar activity ‎ B. volcanic activity ‎ C. natural factors ‎ D. human factors ‎2. The text is developed by ________.‎ ‎ A. giving typical examples ‎ B. following the order of space ‎ C. analyzing a theory and arguing it ‎ D. comparing and finding differences ‎3. The underline word “identical” in the last paragraph probably means ________.‎ ‎ A. totally different ‎ B. exactly the same ‎ C. extremely important ‎ D. partly independent ‎4. Which of the following can be the best title?‎ A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?‎ B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?‎ C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?‎ D. What’s Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?‎ ‎【答案与解析】这是一篇关于全球气候变暖的文章。文章分析了导致全球变暖的各种原因，并指出人类活动因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因。‎ ‎1.D考查事实细节。根据第一段第二句“here’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming”(这儿也有强有力的证据表明人类为全球气候变暖做出了“贡献”)可知人类因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因。 human factors(人类因素).。‎ ‎2.C考查综合理解。纵观全文，第一段提出人类活动因素是导致全球气候变暖的主要原因。接下来分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。文章就是按这种方式叙述的。analyzing a theory and arguing it(分析理论并进行辩论)符合本文描述方式。‎ ‎3.B考查词义猜测。根据最后一段句意，要用两个同样的地球做实验(一个有人类影响，另一个没有)来证明人类的确应该为全球气候变暖承担责任。exactly the same(极端相似)符合该词词义。‎ ‎4.C标题判断题。文章开始提出人类活动因素导致了全球气候变暖，然后分析讨论为什么人类活动能够导致全球气候变暖。文章通篇都贯穿人类的活动。Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming？(的确是人类导致全球气候变暖吗)符合该文章标题。‎ ‎14.‎ ‎【2012贵州五校11月一次联考】Talk to yourself It may be obvious, but the best way to get better at a language is to speak it. Even if there is no one around to speak to, talk to yourself. Name things as you pass them – chair, television, cat, tree, school. Learn basic phrases like – ‘it is cold today’ or ‘it is sunny today’ and use whichever is appropriate when you first look out of the window. This simple language learning tip will help this everyday vocabulary sink in and become second nature. ‎ Talk to friends ‎ Even if they don’t speak the language, talk to the people you know in your new language. Warm them in advance that you are practicing your new knowledge and they will know what’s coming. Even a simple ‘good morning ’ or ‘see you later’ in your new language will make those phrases more natural to you. Your friends may even start to pick up a few phrases as well.‎ Listen to music ‎ Listen to music in your new language. You’ll hear the language used in a real context and this will help you pick out the rhythm and the ‎ pronunciation even better. You will also come to further understand and better appreciate the culture behind the language.‎ Make mistakes ‎ The easiest language learning tip to try! Go ahead and speak and write! Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, because I guarantee you will! In fact, you will learn as much from your mistake as you will learn from your success. Never let the fear of making any mistakes hold you back. Without making any mistakes, how will you ever to be fluent or even comfortable with the language?‎ Find a language club ‎ When you are ready, try to find a language club in your area. Speaking with other people who have already gone through or are still going through the process of learning the language can be extremely helpful. They will give you lots of language learning tips and helpful advice.‎ ‎1. If you want to keep everyday vocabulary in your mind, you’d better _____________. ‎ ‎ A. try to find a language club in your area ‎ B. talk to yourself and name things as you pass them ‎ C. not to be afraid to make mistakes ‎ D. listen to music in your new language ‎ ‎2.According to the passage , we know ___________‎ ‎ A. the more mistakes we make, the more fluent our English might be ‎ ‎ B. "talking to yourself" is the best way to learn a language ‎ C. If someone doesn’t speak your new language, you should not practice with them. ‎ ‎ D. Not all language clubs are helpful. ‎ ‎3. You will master the usage of your new language if you ________ according to the material.‎ ‎ A. talk to yourself B. talk to friends ‎ C. listen to music D. find a language club ‎4.The main idea of this passage is ___________ .‎ ‎ A. the more practice, the better your English will be ‎ B. practicing speaking English in different ways ‎ ‎ C. language learning tips ‎ D. some advice on English learning ‎【答案与解析】文章向我们介绍了5种有效的学习语言的建议。‎ ‎1.B细节理解题。第一段的“This simple language learning tip will help this everyday vocabulary sink in and become second nature. ”所说的“This simple language learning tip”就是“Talk to yourself”。‎ ‎2.A推理判断题。倒数第二部分告诉我们：Without making any mistakes, how will you ever to be fluent or even comfortable with the language?由此可以推断，犯的错误越多，英语就会说的越流利。‎ ‎3.C推理判断题。由listen to music ‎ 部分可以看出，通过听音乐学习语言，可以感受真实的语境，还能更深层的理解语言背后的文化，这也就是题干所说的真正掌握了语言的用法。‎ ‎4.C主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了5种语言学习的建议，即：language learning tips。‎ ‎15.‎ ‎【2012·顺义素质展示】‎ Does a Tea Break Make You More Efficient?‎ China has been drinking tea since the time of Shennong, 5,000 years ago. Britain’s relationship with tea is much shorter, but tea enjoys pride of place as the UK’s national drink. According to the UK Tea Council, British people drink an average of three cups a day or a national total of 165 million cups every day. ‎ With figures like these, it is no surprise that time spent taking tea affects the working day in Britain. A recent survey found that 24 minutes a day are lost to making, buying and drinking tea and coffee. That is, £‎400 a year is lost in working hours per employee, or 190 days over a lifetime. So, should employers be worried about this lost working time, or does the tea break make up in other ways? ‎ One argument is that caffeine improves mental state: a drink of tea or coffee can make you active and focus on work. ‎ Professor Rogers of the University of Bristol disagrees. After years of studying caffeine he sees nothing can prove that. “Workers would perform equally well if not drinking it at all,” he says. “But if they’re often drinking it and then go without, they’ll feel tired and won’t work well.” ‎ Psychologist Cooper instead emphasizes the role tea breaks play in office life, and in building social relationships. “We need to make people more active and see other people. The tea break is one way of doing this,” says Cooper. ‎ And Professor Rogers also points out the comfort effect of a hot drink: “We warm our hands on them on a cold day; they’re comforting and play a big role in our everyday life. Whatever the caffeine’s doing, I’d say these 24 minutes aren’t wasted.” ‎ ‎1. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Tea Breaks cannot make people more active at work.‎ B. British people drink more tea than people in other countries.‎ C. Tea break plays an important role in people’s life in Britain.‎ D. A lot of time has been wasted drinking tea in the working day.‎ ‎2. We learn from a recent survey that in Britain _______.‎ A. £400 is lost in working hours for each person ‎ B. tea breaks take up 24 minutes in a working day C. people spends 190 days drinking tea and coffee each year D. people drink 165 million cups in working hours every day ‎3. What’s Psychologist Coopers’ attitude towards tea break?‎ A. Doubtful. B. Uncertain. C. Negative. D. Positive.‎ ‎【答案与解析】 喝茶已经成为英国人的习惯、，且不论喝茶休息是否真的可以提高工作效率，一旦人们戒除了这个习惯，他们的工作将会受到影响。‎ ‎1．C主旨大意题。文章首先阐述了茶在英国的重要地位，之后大部分内容都在叙述喝茶休息的优点，所以C项最能概括文章大意。‎ ‎2．B细节理解题。结合第一段最后一句、第二段第二句和第三句的内容可知最近的调查表明英国人一个工作日中喝茶和咖啡的时问有24分钟。‎ ‎3．D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可推测cooper对喝茶休息持”肯定”态度。‎ ‎16.‎ ‎【2012·浙江调研】Bonus(奖金) culture has become the subject of many studies nowadays. Many people have been angered by the way some bankers and high officials seem to have been rewarded for failure. Others find the idea of offering many-million-dollar bonuses morally disgusting. ‎ But few have asked whether performance-related bonuses really do improve performance. The answer seems so obvious that even to ask the ‎ question can appear ridiculous. Indeed, in spite of all the complaints about them, financial encouragements continue to be introduced in more and more areas, from healthcare and public services to teaching and universities.‎ So it may come as a shock to many to learn that paying for results can actually make people perform badly in many circumstances, and that the more you pay, the worse they perform.‎ No one is arguing that bonuses can help companies and institutions attract and keep the best staff. Nor does anyone argue against the idea that you can encourage people to do specific tasks by linking payments to those tasks. Rather, the point is about how to get the best out of people. Do employees really perform better if you promise to pay them more for getting results?‎ There are some obvious reasons why such payments can fail. It has been argued, for instance, that cash bonuses contributed to the financial crash, because traders had little enthusiasm to make sure that their companies enjoyed long-term survival.‎ Most bonus projects are poorly designed, says Professor Malcolm Higgs. He thinks the reason is that organisations try to keep bonus arrangements simple. Nevertheless, he thinks bonus projects can work as long as they link the interests of individual employees with the long-term goals of a business.‎ Bonuses can also encourage cheating. “Once you start making people’s rewards dependent on outcomes rather than behaviours, the evidence is people will do whatever they can to get those outcomes,” says Professor Edward Deci. “In many cases the high officials simply lied and cheated to make the stock (股票) price go up so they got huge bonuses.”‎ But the work of Deci and others suggests the problem with bonuses runs far deeper than poor design or cheating. In 1971, he asked students to solve puzzles, with some receiving cash prizes for doing well and others getting nothing. Deci found those offered cash were less likely to keep working on puzzles after they had done enough to get paid.‎ These studies suggest that offering rewards can stop people doing things for the pure joy of it. This was the basis for a series of books by Kohn in which he argues that rewarding children, students and workers with grades, scholarships and other “bribes” (贿赂) leads to low-quality work in the long run.‎ Those who believe in the power of bonuses fail to distinguish between inner drive and outside pressure — wanting to do something because you like it for itself in contrast to doing something because you want the reward, Kohn says. “It’s not just that these two are different, it’s often that the more you reward people for doing something, the more their inner drive tends to decline.”‎ A “do this and get that” approach might improve performance in the ‎ short term, but over longer periods it will always fail, Kohn says. People who receive bonus will naturally play safe, become less creative, cooperate less and feel less valued, he adds. What’s more, the studies also suggest that offering rewards can also stop people taking responsibility.‎ ‎1. The effect of performance-related bonuses has not been well studied because people _______. ‎ A. take the function of bonuses for granted B. see that bonus offering is done everywhere C. think financial encouragement is disgusting D. are shocked by the practice of rewarding for failures ‎2. According to Malcolm Higgs, designs that _________ are the good ones. ‎ A. drive people to finish short-term tasks ‎ B. help to attract and keep good employees C. link financial rewards with the quality of the outcomes D. connect individual interests with long-term business goals ‎ ‎3. If a person plays safe to get a bonus, he is probably being ________. ‎ A. more enthusiastic B. more risk-taking ‎ C. less daring D. less responsible ‎4. Which of the following do you think the author would most probably agree with? ‎ A. Companies should make their bonus projects simple.‎ B. The benefit of bonus helps to get the best out of people.‎ C. The biggest problem with bonus is it creates cheating.‎ D. Bonus offering can stop people doing things for pure joy.‎ ‎5. Which do you think is the best title of the passage?‎ A. What Is Bonus? B. Does Bonus Work?‎ C. Why Bonus Offered? D. How Bonus Works?‎ ‎【答案与解析】依据表现发奖金己为世人接受，似乎无可厚非。作者却反弹琵琶，条分缕析，阐述了奖金的弊端。‎ ‎1.A推理判断题。第二段的前半部分提到几乎没有人质疑过根据表现发奖金是否真的可以提升表现，答案看起来如此明显以至于询问这样问题似乎很荒谬，由此可推断人们想当然地肯定了奖金的功能。‎ ‎2.D细节理解题。，根据第六段后半部分的内容可知这位教授认为良好的奖金设汁是把员工的个人兴趣和公司的长期目标结合在一起。‎ ‎3．D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话可知，奖金会使人们不愿承担责任，故选D项。‎ ‎4．D作者态度题。作者在第二段中提出了自己的观点，指出了奖金的弊端，下文则进行详细的剖析。根据倒数第三段第一句中的内容可知作者认为发奖金会阻止人们在做事过程中享受纯粹的快乐。‎ ‎5 B主旨人意题。前两段是引题，概述的是人们对奖金的世俗看法，第二段则提出了相反的观点，下文则进行了深入的阐述，所以B项最能概括文章大意。‎ ‎17.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊期末】A cancer-stricken British teenage said Thursday she had been moved by messages of support from around the world after writing an online“Bucket List” of things she wanted to do before dying.‎ Alice Pyne，l5，created an internet blog in which she described her fight against a cancer of the white blood cells. “I’ve been fighting cancer for almost four years and now I know that the cancer is gaining on ‎ me and it doesn’t look like I’m going to win this one,” she wrote . ‎ For her list，at the site www.alicepyne.blogspot.com, she has included making everyone sign up to be a bone marrow donor(骨髓捐赠者)，swimming with sharks , meeting boy band Take That and getting a purple iPad computer.‎ ‎ Messages of support and offers of help quickly flooded her webpage and it became one of the most talked about subjects on Twitter．‎ ‎ “Oh, dear and I thought that I was just doing a little blog for a few friends!” she wrote after her site attracted huge attention．“Thank you so much for all your lovely messages to me。”‎ Pyne，who lives with her family in the northwest English town of Ulverston, revealed(透露)the management of Take That had arranged for her to see the band after reading her blog. A group of local lawmakers have also joined forces with the Anthony blood cancer charity to encourage people to join its stem cell register. ‎ ‎1．What happened after Alice Pyne wrote her “Bucket List”?‎ ‎ A．People around the world sent messages to support her.‎ ‎ B. People sent gifts to her from all over the world.‎ ‎ C. A lot of people offered to donate bone marrow to her.‎ ‎ D. The media called on people to help her．‎ ‎3．Alice Pyne wrote her “Bucket List” to .‎ ‎ A. catch people’s attention B. say goodbye to a few friends C. give comfort to two terminally ill men D. express her last few wishes ‎4．It can be inferred from the second paragraph that Alice Pyne .‎ A. is unaware of her own conditions ‎ B. is very sad to know that she will die ‎ C. is calm to know that death is approaching ‎ D. is still quite confident in fighting against cancer ‎4．Which of the following is NOT on Alice Pyne’s “Bucket List”?‎ ‎ A．To ask people to donate bone marrow.‎ ‎ B. To get a cool computer．‎ ‎ C. To swim with shark.‎ ‎ D．To meet a boy。 ’‎ ‎5. Take That will arrange to .‎ ‎ A．meet Pyne in person B. help Pyne in any possible way ‎ C. donate money to Pyne D. invite Pyne to join the band ‎【答案与解析】身患癌症的英国少女Alice Pyne 把自己的临终遗愿张贴在网上以后，引起了社会各界的普遍关注，再次阐述了“只要人人都献出一点爱，世界将变成美好的人间”的真谛。‎ ‎1.A 细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“Messages of support and offers of help quickly flooded her webpage and it became one of the most talked ‎ about subjects on Twitter．”可以看出帖子发布后，收到了世界各地的支持他的信息。‎ ‎2. D 细节理解题。由第一段的“after writing an online“Bucket List” of things she wanted to do before dying.”可以看出，“Bucket List”表达的就是他最后的愿望。‎ ‎3. C 推理判断题。由该段的“I know that the cancer is gaining on me and it doesn’t look like I’m going to win this one”对自己的病情和结果进行了平静的叙述，由此可知，C项符合语境。‎ ‎4. D 细节判断题。第四段介绍了“Bucket List”所有的内容，前三项都在里面，但是里面的“boy band Take That”是一个乐队，而不是想见某一个男孩，所以应该排除D。‎ ‎5. A 细节理解题。由倒数第二段的“… revealed(透露)the management of Take That had arranged for her”可以看出，她想见的那家乐队已经安排亲自见她了。故选A。‎ ‎18.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊三县联考】 I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval, he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way.‎ ‎ Several weeks ago，I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines．I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he would concentrate better.‎ ‎ He sat but seconds later, as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it, he got up again．I was getting frustrated, but then it hit me．I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up．Could he be more intent while standing up？‎ This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to success．This child would have the discipline to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life．‎ Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality traits，and all you can do is loving and accepting them．As parents，throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids' best cheerleaders，guiding them and helping them find their way.‎ ‎ I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate．Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine．We need to learn to accept our kids' ways of doing things．Some way may have worked for me but doesn't mean we need to carry it through generations．There is nothing sweeter than being individual and unique．It makes us free and happy and that's just the way I want my kids to live their own life．‎ ‎1. At the beginning, the author tried to keep his son seated in order to make him________.‎ ‎ A. pay more attention to his study B. keep silent in the ‎ room C. finish his homework on time D. get right answers ‎2. Inspired by the case of his son，the author began to doubt________.‎ ‎ A．the importance of parents B．the old form of education C．the relationship between kids and their parents D．the good grades of some kids ‎3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is right?‎ A. We should help kids correct their wrong ways.‎ B. Parents should study their kids’ DNA. ‎ C. Kids should be taught to behave themselves. ‎ D. Parents should love and accept their kids.‎ ‎4. The author has stopped asking his son to sit down because __________.‎ A. he has changed his traditional ideas B. his son wants to be unique C. his son doesn’t follow his advice D. his son’s DNAis different ‎5. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Study hard and you'll be successful B. Be friendly to your children ‎ C. Children's success in their own style D. Parents' help with their ‎ children's study ‎【答案与解析】作者通过辅导孩子写作业的经历意识到用传统的教育方式约束孩子已不再适用，父母应该引导和帮助孩子找到适合他们自身的学习方法，培养独特的个性，进而获得成功。‎ ‎ 1.·A细节理解题。根据第一段的“I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he would concentrate better．”可知作者让他儿子坐下来是想让他更专心地学习。‎ ‎2.·B推理判断题。结合第三段前两句中的内容可推断作者开始怀疑传统教育。‎ ‎3.·D正误判断题。根据第四段的“…and all you can do is loving and accepting them．”可知父母应该关爱并接受他们的孩子。‎ ‎4.·A推理判断题。第三段是对传统教育的质疑，第四段指出父母应该引导并帮助孩子发现适合他们自己的学习方式，最后一段提到作者不再要求孩子坐下专心学习，由此可推断作者改变了他的传统教育观念。‎ ‎5.·C主旨大意题。文章第一段开门见山地提出了本文的主题，如果孩子得到了认同，就能学会自爱并用自己的方式取得成功，所以C项最能概括文章大意。‎ ‎19.‎ ‎【2012·顺义素质展示】The brown widow spider became established in Southern California in early 2000 and has become part of ‎ the local spider family in urban Los Angeles and San Diego. The brown widow spider is continuing its expansion in Southern California and could possibly move northward into Central California.‎ The brown widow is suspected to have evolved in Africa although it was first described from South America, which adds confusion as to where it might have originated.  It is a tropical and subtropical spider having established populations in Hawaii, Florida, parts of Australia, South Africa and Japan.  In North America, the brown widow was restricted for many decades to the Florida peninsula.  However, around the year 2000, it started showing up in other Gulf Coast states.  Brown widows are now known from Texas to Georgia and South Carolina. ‎ The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches.  Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots, mail boxes, entry way corners, under eaves, storage closets and garages, undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods, and the undersides of outdoor furniture. They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and therefore, appear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned. ‎ One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species. The reason for the weaker effect of ‎ brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives, but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison. The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite were that the bite hurt when it was given and it left a red mark. These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.  ‎ There is no specific information regarding the control of brown widows by farm chemicals. Most current advice is what is used for controlling spiders in general. Therefore, most commercially available farm chemicals should work on brown widows. Avoiding a mess of the house and the garage should reduce nest sites for them. Also, one should store garage items in plastic bags where there might be interactions with spiders. These items include rarely worn garments such as gardening clothes and gloves, recreational items like sports equipment (i.e., baseball gloves) and other items where spiders can crawl up into holes where fingers can be inserted.‎ ‎1. The author wrote this article to _______.‎ A. announce the result of a research on spiders B. introduce the ways to get rid of the spiders C. report a new finding of the widow species D. warn readers against the brown widow ‎2. From the passage we can conclude that _______.‎ A. brown widows are spreading northward B. the brown widow originated from Africa C. brown widows now can be found in all countries D. there used to be no brown widows in North America ‎3. The third paragraph is mainly about _______.‎ A. the brown widow’s web building B. the characteristics of the brown widow C. the habitat preferences of the brown widow D. the brown widow’s threaten to human beings ‎4. It can be inferred that _______.‎ A. brown widows can be killed with any farm chemicals B. at present people can only control brown widow spiders C. the brown widow has more poison than the black widow D. victims bitten by the brown widow needn’t see the doctor ‎ 【答案与解析】 一种褐色的毒蜘蛛正在美国蔓延，其危害不容忽视。更糟糕的是，目前还没有消灭它的方法，只能尽力进行控制和预防。‎ ‎1．D作者意图题。文章从这种蜘蛛的渊源谈起，预测了它的蔓延范围，进而介绍了它的生活习性、危害以及控制方法，所以作者意在警告读者当心这种蜘蛛。‎ ‎2．A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知它们可能会朝北方蔓延。‎ ‎3．C段落大意题。本段指出了这种蜘蛛经常选择的织网的地方，即主要介绍这种蜘蛛的栖息偏好。‎ ‎4．B推理判断题。最后一段提到还没有掌握控制这种蜘蛛应当使用的化学药品的具体信息，目前的建议是采用控制蜘蛛的一般方法，并提供了一些预防措施，由此可推断目前人们只能控制它们。‎ ‎20.‎ ‎ 【2012·上海春招】Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professor's office.‎ It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.‎ Manyof the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.‎ ‎ Goldin-Meadow's more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques. The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new ‎ concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra (代数) were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.‎ ‎1. According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because __‎ ‎ A. he could litter express his ideas that way ‎ B. he always pointed his finger at his professor ‎ C. his professor did not like his gesturing D. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking ‎2. How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?‎ ‎ A. It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.‎ ‎ B. It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.‎ ‎ C. It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.‎ D. It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.‎ ‎3. What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?‎ ‎ A. They can stimulate our creativity.‎ ‎ B. Instructors should make full use of them.‎ ‎ C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.‎ D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.‎ ‎4. What could be the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A. Hand Motions, a Second Language B. Gesturing: Signal of Understanding C. New Uses of Gesturing D. The Secret Code of Learning ‎1.C考查判断推理。根据When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing中的annoyed可知C正确。‎ ‎2.A考查判断推理。根据it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us.和he act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts.可推知A正确。‎ ‎3.B考查判断推理。根据文章的最后一段可知。‎ ‎4.D考查文章的标题。根据文章的第二段可知文章的主题是The Secret Code of Learning。‎ ‎21.‎ ‎【2012·浙江调研】Which is sillier: denying we ever went to the moon or trying to convince the true nonbelievers?‎ Once upon a time – July 20, 1969, to be specific – two men got out of their little spaceship and wandered around on the moon for a while. Ten more men walked on the moon over the next three and a half years. The end. ‎ Unfortunately, not quite. A fair number of Americans think that this whole business of moon landings really is a fairy tale. They believe that the landings were a big hoax (骗局) staged in the Mojave Desert, to convince everyone that U.S. technology was the “bestest” in the whole wide world. ‎ ‎ Which is the harder thing to do: Send men to the moon or make believe we did? The fact is the physics behind sending people to the moon is simple. You can do it with computers whose entire memory capacities can now fit on chips the size of postage stamps and that cost about as much as, well, a postage stamp. I know you can because we did. ‎ However, last fall NASA considered spending $15,000 on a public-relations campaign to convince the unimpressed that Americans had in fact gone to the moon. That idea was mostly a reaction to a Fox television program, first aired in February 2001, that claimed to expose the hoax. The show’s creator is a publicity hound (猎狗) who has lived up to the name in more ways than one by hounding Buzz Aldrin, the second man on the moon. Mr. X (as I will call him, thereby denying him the joyous sight of his name in print) recently followed Buzz Aldrin around and called him “a thief, liar and coward” until the 72-year-old astronaut finally lost it and hit the 37-year-old Mr. X in the face. ‎ Anyway, NASA’s publicity campaign began to slow down. The nonbelievers took the campaign as NASA’s effort to hide something ‎ while the believers said that $15,000 to convince people that the world was round — I mean, that we had gone to the moon — was simply a waste of money. (Actually, the $15,000 was supposed to pay for an article by James E. Oberg, an astronomy writer who, with Aldrin, has contributed to Scientific American.) ‎ If NASA’s not paying Oberg, perhaps it could put the money to good use by hiring two big guys to drag Neil Armstrong out of the house. Armstrong is an extremely private man, but he is also the first man on the moon, so maybe he has a duty to be a bit more outspoken about the experience. Or NASA could just buy Aldrin a commemorate plaque (纪念匾) for his recent touch on the face of Mr. X. ‎ ‎1. We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that some Americans believe _______.‎ ‎ A. moon landings were invented ‎ ‎ B. U.S. technology was the best ‎ C. moon landing ended successfully ‎ D. the Mojave Desert was the launching base ‎2. According to the writer, which of the following is to blame for the story about the hoax? ‎ ‎ A. NASA’s publicity campaign. B. The Fox television program. ‎ C. Buzz Aldrin. D. James E. Oberg.‎ ‎3. According to the writer, Mr. X _______.‎ ‎ A. told a faithful story B. was not treated properly ‎ C. was a talented creator D. had a bad reputation ‎4. The believers think that NASA’s publicity campaign is ________. ‎ ‎ A. proof to hide the truth ‎ B. stupid and unnecessary ‎ C. needed to convince the non-believers ‎ D. important to develop space technology ‎5. What is implied in the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. NASA should not bother with the non-believers. ‎ ‎ B. Armstrong was a very private and determined person.‎ ‎ C. Armstrong should be as outspoken as Buzz Aldrin. ‎ ‎ D. NASA should send more astronauts to outer space.‎ ‎6. The tone of the article is _______.‎ ‎ A. angry B. conversational C. humorous D. matter-of-fact ‎ ‎ 【答案与解析】 美国当年的登月活动是否是一场精心策划的骗局?针对一些人的质疑，美国航空航天局开始了一场行动，旨在确认事实。作者对此不屑一顾，认为是小题大做，毫无必要。‎ ‎1．A推理判断题。第二段提到自从那几个人登月后，再也没有了下文；第三段则直言有人认为这是一场大骗局。由此可推断一些美国人认为登月是捏造出来的。‎ ‎2. B细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的内容可知应该把骗局的故事归咎于这个电视节目．‎ ‎3．D正误判断题。根据第五段中的“Buzz Aldrin，the second man on the noon”可知D项内容正确。‎ ‎4．B推理判断题。倒数第二段的中间部分提到相信者认为航空航天局的这一行动与证明地球是圆的没有什么差别，是在浪费钱财，由此可推断他们认为这种做法愚蠢而且没有必要。‎ ‎5．A推理判断题、最后一段的半部分提到美国航空航天局的这笔钱可以有更好的用途，让Neil Armstrong现身说法更有说服力，由此可推断美国航空航天局不应该为澄清怀疑者的言论而费尽周折。‎ ‎6．C文章结构题。本文的写作笔调在最后一段体现得最为明显，结合本段中的动词drag以及最后一句的内容可知本文风格“幽默”。‎ ‎22.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊期末】 “Confidence” is probably one of the most noticeable traits(品质)in the Americans. They show confidence in the way they talk, the way they smile, the way they dress and the way they walk. Living and competing with all these confidence American st udents, I find it extremely important to be confident as an international student and instructor. As a student, being confident means you should never hesitate to raise your hand whenever a question or a point comes to your mind. Don’t mind if it sounds simple or silly. Otherwise you will never get a chance to speak in class at all. What’s worse, the professors may think you are not prepared for the discussion or you do not have your own opinion on the issue-this is the last comment any graduate would like to receive。 ‎ Being confidence for me as a foreign instructor means calmly asking the student to repeat what he or she has said if I did not get it. Pretending to understand what you actually did not may just bring yourself embarrassment or even disgrace. But the time I most need to be confident is when my students come to my office and bargain about the grades I have given for their Speeches。(The course I’m teaching here is Public Speaking). Modesty is a trait highly valued in China, but it won’t be of much help here if you want to survive and succeed in a good American graduate program．‎ ‎1.To compete with American students it’s very important to .‎ A. be quite confident B. be polite and friendly C. have more discussions with ‎ D. understand what they think about ‎2. A professor will have the worst opinion of a student who .‎ A. gives a silly or simple answer B. tries to seize any chance to speak in class C. shows no interest in the course D. is considered to have no opinion of his own ‎3. The author is most likely to feel embarrassed if .‎ ‎ A. he asks a student to repeat what he has said ‎ B. the students bargain with him ‎ ‎ C. he pretends to know what he doesn’t ‎ ‎ D. he has to give a speech ‎4． We learn from the second paragraph that .‎ A. we should also remain modest in America B. modesty doesn’t help modest in America C. American also like modest people D. modesty can help you through an American graduate program ‎5. The passage is mainly developed by .‎ ‎ A. providing examples B. making comparisons ‎ C. giving different figures D. telling personal experiences ‎【答案与解析】文章向我们讲述了在和自信心很强的的美国学生一块学习中自信心、以及发表主见的重要性。‎ ‎1.A 细节理解题。由第一段的“Living and competing with all these confidence American students, I find it extremely important to be ‎ confident…”可以看出：为了和这些信心很足的美国学生竞争，信心是很重要的。‎ ‎2. D 细节理解题。由第一段的“What’s worse, the professors may think you are not prepared for the discussion or you do not have your own opinion on the issue”可以看出，教授们对没有自己观点的学生评价最差。‎ ‎3. C 考查细节理解题。题干关键词“feel embarrassed”对应原文的“bring yourself embarrassment”。由最后一段的“Pretending to understand what you actually did not may just bring yourself embarrassment”可知答案。‎ ‎4.B 细节理解题。由该段的“. Modesty is a trait highly valued in China, but it won’t be of much help here”可以看出，谦逊在美国根本就没有多大的帮助。‎ ‎5. D 文章结构推断题。文章主要是以自己从事导师工作的经历来向我们阐述自信以及有自己的主见的重要性，故选D。‎ ‎23.‎ ‎【2012·三明联考】‎ Tired of those characterless business hotel chains? Beijing offers some special choices for you to experience luxury(奢侈) and uniqueness.‎ If you are fond of traditional courtyards and Chinese architecture, Anman is the perfect place ‎ to realize your fantasy. Located next to the East Gate of the Summer Palace, Anman houses a series of rooms, boasting【以拥有…而自豪】 Chinese culture and royal landscapes(景观), featuring old-time attractiveness as well as modern comfort. ‎ Anman at Summer Palace, 15 Gongmenqian Street, East gate Of Summer Palace, Haidian District; amanresorts.com; Rooms start at $550‎ Inspired by the style of the 1960s, Hotel G lies in Sanlitun, Beijing's fashionable entertainment district. This excellent location enables guests to explore the colorful nightlife of the capital and can choose from a number of impressive clubs and pubs. The hotel has 100 rooms in which you can enjoy luxury and modernity.‎ Hotel G, No A7 Gongtixilu Chaoyang District Beijing; hotel-g.com; Rooms start at 1188yuan.‎ DuGe Courtyard Boutique Hotel The charm and romance of hutong have attracted so many Western tourists. Staying in a courtyard is a unique way to experience the heritage of Chinese culture. Located in a traditional hutong, DuGe Courtyard is a hidden pearl, and bridges the gap between eastern philosophy(哲学) and western concepts creating a homey atmosphere. ‎ DuGe Courtyard Boutique Hotel, Qianyuanensi Hutong No 26, Nanluoguxiang, Dongcheng district; dugecourtyard.com; Rooms start at 1200 yuan.‎ Located in noising Sanlitun, the Opposite House is a relaxing place where classic meets fashion. The hotel aims to recall guests’ energy and enthusiasm after a day’s exhaustion in this fast-paced city. With its creative space design and individual service such as quality furniture and top equipment, guests are impressed by joyous comfort and contentment. ‎ The Opposite House, The Village, Building 1 No 11 Sanlitun Road, Chaoyang District; theoppositehouse.com; Rooms start at 2250yuan.‎ ‎1. Which of the following are located in Beijing's fashionable entertainment district, Sanlitun?‎ ‎ A. Anman at Summer Palace and Hotel G ‎ B. The Opposite House and Hotel G ‎ C. Anman at Summer Palace and The Opposite House ‎ D. DuGe Courtyard Boutique Hotel and The Opposite House ‎2. If you want to use as little money as possible to experience luxury and uniqueness, you’d like to choose _______ to live in.‎ A. Anman at Summer Palace ‎ B. Hotel G C. DuGe Courtyard Boutique Hotel ‎ D. The Opposite House ‎3. If your German friend is interested in Chinese Hutong culture and will visit Beijing next month, you’ll advise him to click _________ for further information.‎ A. amanresorts.com B. hotel-g.com C. dugecourtyard.com D. theoppositehouse.com ‎ ‎4. The passage is most likely to appear in which section of a newspaper?‎ A. business B. culture C. opinion D. travel ‎【答案与解析】文章介绍了北京地区四家豪华旅馆特有的风格、独特的环境、地理位置、网址以及每家旅馆的最低标价。‎ ‎1.B考查事实细节。由该句“Hotel G lies in Sanlitun, Beijing's fashionable entertainment district”(G旅馆位于北京三里屯的时尚娱乐区)可直接得出答案。‎ ‎2. A.考查事实细节。纵观全文每个旅馆的房间都有都低报价，报价最低的是A. Anman at Summer Palace。‎ ‎3.C考查事实细节。胡同文化是DuGe庭院精品旅馆特有的风格，要想从网上深入了解，当然要点击它的网址dugecourtyard.com ‎4.D推理判断题。通过文章大意可以看出，该文章为在外旅行者选择旅馆提供了方便，很有可能背旅行者随身携带。‎ ‎24.‎ ‎【2012·九江一模】Yao Ming landed in the U．S．in the summer of 2002, 7 - feet, 6 - inches worth of fancy footwork(花式步伐), armed with a soft shooting touch．He was the top player selected by the Houston Rockets, whose new activities place would soon be promoted by Toyota．The Japanese carmaker had just opened a new plant in China, and the company expects that Yao fans would soon become Corolla fans．‎ ‎ For many Americans, Yao was their understanding to the Chinese economic engine．He was a government project, brought up from a young age in order to show the new China to the world．China fulfilled its promise; since those unforgettable days of 2002, through the Beijing Olympics and beyond, the country has stayed on its path towards superpower figure．Yao, sadly, fell short．‎ ‎ According to an early report from Yahoo! Sports, which was confirmed by several other news organizations, Yao is going to retire．He just couldn’t conquer the injuries．A broken bone in his left foot absenced Yao after just five games last season．A broken foot forced him to miss all of the 2009 -2010 season．In fact, due to foot and ‎ knee injuries, Yao played in more than 55 games just once over the past six seasons．‎ ‎ Prior to Yao, players over 74" were usually one - skill person．Manute Bol, at 77" , blocked shots and, during one stretch, acted as a shamed three-pointer．Shawn Bradley, 76" , had skills, but was far too gentle to be a star．Yao, however, could do it all．At his top, in 2006 - 2007, he averaged 25 points per game．His turnaround jumper was unstoppable．His post -passes were usually on the money．（It helps when you can see over everyone．） Yao, who played in just eight seasons, finished his career averaging 19．0 points, and 9．2 rebounds, per game．His Rockets never advanced further than the second round of the playoffs(季后赛)．‎ ‎ Whatever on - court milestones Yao's body never allowed him to achieve, he more than made up for off the court．Yao was so much more than a basketball player．To the Chinese public who admired him, he was a symbol of his home country's possibility．Yao carried the Chinese flag at the Olympic opening ceremonies, soaking in the love of his country．‎ ‎1．Toyota' s purpose of supporting Yao is to _______．‎ ‎ A．let Yaoming make money． B．advertise their cars widely．‎ ‎ C．organize their basketball team． D．let ‎ Yaoming drive their cars to games．‎ ‎2．When did China keep on its development to some large countries?‎ ‎ A．Since 2000． B．In 2006． C．In 2007． D．In 2010．‎ ‎3．What can I know in the fourth paragraph?‎ ‎ A．Manute Bol has integrated skills． B．Yaoming has integrated skills．‎ ‎ C．Shawn Bradley has integrated skills． D．Shawn Bradley acted as a shamed three –pointer.‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?‎ ‎ A．Yaoming didn't achieve any life goals． B．Yaoming is only a good basketball player．‎ ‎ C．People see the strength of China from Yao． D．Yaoming always holds flags in the game．‎ ‎5．Which one of the following stating orders is right?‎ a．The Japanese carmaker supported Yaoming．‎ b．Yao missed many games due to foot and knee injuries,．‎ c．Yao held the Chinese flag at the Olympic opening．‎ d．Yao Ming went to the U．S．for the first time．‎ ‎ A．c,a,b,d B．d,b,c,a C．c,b,d,a D．d,a,c,b ‎【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了姚明的职业生涯以和他在篮球方面的成就以及对中国经济在世界上地位的提高，都做出了巨大的贡献。‎ ‎1.B考查细节理解题。从第一段的He was the top player selected by the Houston Rockets, whose new activities place would soon be promoted by Toyota．The Japanese carmaker had just opened a new plant in China, and the company expects that Yao fans would soon become Corolla fans．看出答案。‎ ‎2.A考查细节理解题。从第二段的China fulfilled its promise; since those unforgettable days of 2002, through the Beijing Olympics and beyond, the country has stayed on its path towards superpower figure看出答案。‎ ‎3.B考查推理题。从第四段的Yao, however, could do it all．At his top, in 2006 - 2007, he averaged 25 points per game．His turnaround jumper was unstoppable．His post -passes were usually on the money．(It helps when you can see over everyone．) Yao, who played in just eight seasons, finished his career averaging 19．0 points, and 9．2 rebounds, per game．His Rockets never advanced further than the second round of the playoffs（季后赛）．可推出答案。‎ ‎4.C考查推理题。从第五段的To the Chinese public who admired him, he was a symbol of his home country's possibility．Yao carried the Chinese flag at the Olympic opening ceremonies, soaking in the love of his country可推出答案。‎ ‎5.D考查细节理解题。文章第一段写到了Yao Ming went to the U．S．for the first time．和The Japanese carmaker supported Yaoming．，第二段写到了…through the Beijing Olympics；第三段写到了In fact, due to foot and knee injuries, Yao played in more than 55 games just once over the past six seasons。故选D项。‎ ‎25.‎ ‎【2012·潍坊三县联考】 For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted movie, but to no avail. It was only when I turned to meditation(沉思)for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!‎ ‎ The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping along the path singing, "I'm singing in the rain", a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain(限制) our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.‎ ‎ Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes ‎ walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre.‎ ‎ If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.‎ ‎1. The author felt depressed because she __________.‎ A. couldn't consume her waking hour ‎ B. had not seen a film for a long time. ‎ C. had not finished her work on time ‎ D. had worked on a hard job for too long ‎2. The author walked in a nature reserve in the rain in order to__________. ‎ A. take photos B. find a solution to the project C. hop along the path D. cheer herself up ‎3. The underlined part "to no avail" in Paragraph 1 probably means " __________.".‎ A. unsuccessful B. unrelated C. uninteresting D. unexpected ‎4. In the author's opinion, __________.‎ A. a bath can make people relaxed ‎ B. depression is usually caused by hard work C. walking in a busy city centre harms people's health D. adults should express their inner feelings freely ‎ ‎5. The last paragraph mainly serves as a(n) __________.‎ A. explanation B. suggestion C. introduction D. reminder ‎【答案与解析】 假如你的情绪不佳，那就投入到大自然的怀抱吧!身体得到放松，童心得以萌发，可以尽情玩耍。‎ ‎1.·D细节理解题。第一段的前两句话告诉我们，原因是作者做一件艰苦的工作时间太长。‎ ‎2.·D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up.”可知作者在自然保护区中散步也是为了“让自己振作起来”。‎ ‎3.·A词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的转折连词but可知洗澡、美食和电影都没有效果，都没有使作者振作起来。故A项与画线部分意思最接近。‎ ‎4.·D推理判断题。结合第二段最后一句中的内容以及最后一段的内容可推知作者认为成年人唤醒童心能帮助他们摆脱低落情绪。‎ ‎5.B文章结构题。最后一段提到如果你感到情绪低落并且知道在室内待的时间太久，你就要彻底放松，脱掉鞋子，释放自己的童心去玩耍，显然是提供”建议”。‎ ‎26.‎ ‎【2012唐山高三期末】Durban—Canada Monday became the first country to pull out of the historic Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书), inescapably scarring the global anti-climate change efforts．‎ The Kyoto Protocol, which set different duties for all countries to cut emissions (排放), states that different countries should reduce their collective greenhouse emissions accordingly． However, the United States refused to sign the protocol in 2001, and is the only developed country that has not agreed to sign it．The move has cast a shadow over the global community, and has made some other developed nations hesitate to cut their emissions．To add fuel to the fire, Canada, became the first to call it quits, with the deadline of the first commitment period (2008-2012) approaching．‎ ‎ The biggest concern at this moment is whether other developed countries would follow suit．‎ ‎ Over the past four years, a drama has unfolded among developed countries over the emissions cuts and offering support to their developing partners．‎ The Umbrella Group, consisting of Japan, Canada, Australia, the United States and other developed countries, hesitated and even backed away from their positions under certain excuses．The first one quoted by Canadian Environment Minister Peter Kent is that emission cuts damage the economy．Still another is requiring China and India to have the same ‎ duty of cutting emissions as developed countries．‎ Actually, if emissions in developed countries could fall to the levels in developing countries, it would greatly help the fight against global climate change．‎ In sum, any irresponsible action, in the anti-climate change campaign should be a cause for blame．It is widely hoped that the United States and Canada will see reason and join the rest of the world community in supporting the Kyoto Protocol．‎ ‎1．Which of the following serves as the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A．Canada Decides to Quit the Kyoto Protocol．‎ ‎ B．Canada and the US Refuse to Cut Emissions．‎ ‎ C．Developed Countries Hesitating to Cut Emissions．‎ ‎ D．Developing Countries Supporting the Kyoto Protocol．‎ ‎2．According to the passage, ____ have refused to follow the Kyoto Protocol．‎ ‎ A．Canada and Australia B．Japan and Canada ‎ C．the US and Canada D．China and India ‎3．People now are most worried ____．‎ ‎ A．whether the US and Canada will return to the negotiation table ‎ B．whether developing countries will refuse to cut emissions ‎ C．whether China and India will carry the same duty as Canada ‎ D．whether more developed countries will do the same as Canada ‎1. B主旨大意题。这是一篇新闻报道。文章向我们报道了加拿大和美国先后退出了为控制全球变暖，部分国家签订的关于节能减排的 《京都议定书》，也就是B项所说的这两国家拒绝在减少温室气体的排放。‎ ‎2. A细节理解题。由前两段可以直接得出答案。‎ ‎3. C细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“The first one quoted by Canadian Environment Minister Peter Kent is that emission cuts damage the economy．Still another is requiring China and India to have the same duty of cutting emissions as developed countries．”可知答案。‎ ‎27.‎ ‎【2012·顺义素质展示】The first time I went for a walk around my father-in-law’s neighborhood was garbage day, and I was shocked to see what people were throwing out. ‎ It was back in 1981, and I saw many people gathered in someone’s front yard. As I went nearer to see what was happening I got my first introduction to yard sales. For the few dollars I had in my wallet, I was able to buy a seven-inch black-and-white portable TV. I also bought a flashlight.‎ The following weekend, at another yard sale, I saw a 14-inch color ‎ TV being sold for almost nothing. I felt I could not miss the offer and bought it. Now I had two sets and couldn’t wait to see what else I could afford the next weekend.‎ Spring ended, and by then I had accumulated almost every type of electronic equipment I had always wished to have back home.‎ Then this new idea came to mind. I had heard about a man who traveled back home every few months. He drove a truck filled with boxes of new and used stuff that people were sending to relatives. So I told my father that I would send as many types of items as I could so that he could start his resale business.‎ Every few months I would gather several boxes of American “junk” ––– televisions, toasters, fans, hair dryers, etc. and send them home. As word got out about my father’s “trash” market, people all came to buy these things.‎ Three years later, when I visited my family for the first time since leaving home, I learned that many of the families in our neighborhood had a piece of “trash”. It proved that I had the responsibility to keep people back home up to date with the latest technology you no longer need.‎ ‎1. According to the text, a yard sale is a place where people _______.‎ A. sell their front yards at a low price B. sell unwanted things in their own yards C. gather in someone’s yard to enjoy things D. throw away their trash in someone’s yard ‎2. The author felt he could not miss the offer because _______.‎ A. the second TV set was bigger ‎ B. the second TV set was color TV C. the second TV set was very cheap D. he wanted two TV sets very much ‎3. What did the author think of the “junk” he bought?‎ A. He thought they were valuable.‎ B. He thought they were worth buying.‎ C. He was not surprised to see them thrown away.‎ D. He thought he could sell them for a good price.‎ ‎4. From the passage we can infer that _______.‎ A. The author comes from a poor country B. The author often goes home to sell the “junk”‎ C. The author buys the “junk” only to make profits D. The “junk” is not welcomed in the author’s home country ‎【答案与解析】 作者自接触到庭院销售后，一发而不可收拾。别人弃之不用的东西，却被作者当成宝贝送回了家乡。‎ ‎1．B推理判断题。作者在第二段提到当时首次接触庭院销售，仅用几美元就买了一台电视机和一个手电筒，由此可推测是人们在他们自家的院子里出售不想要的东西的地方。‎ ‎2．C细节理解题。结合第三段前两句的内容可知作者感觉到不能错过这次机会的原因是这台彩电非常便宜，几乎不用花钱。‎ ‎3．A作者态度题。第四段中提到作者搜集了几乎各种类型的电子设备并一直希望把它们带回家，下文中提到运回家的这些“垃圾”深受父老乡亲的喜欢，再结合最后一段最后一句的内容可知作者认为自己购买的这些东西是有用的。‎ ‎4．A推理判断题。作者购买的是庭院销售的廉价物品，运回自己的家乡后深受欢迎，文章最后提到自己有责任让家乡的人跟上最新技术的步伐，由此可推测作者来自一个贫穷的地方。‎ ‎28.‎ ‎【2012哈师大附中高三期中】 Beijing;(13, July)China sent up a new data relay satellite, Tianlian I -02, on Monday at the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in South-western Sichuan province．The new satellite will promote the country's satellite communication network for space docking (对接)．‎ ‎ The satellite was launched on a Long-March-SC carrier rocket at 11:41 p．m．, sources at the centre told Xinhua News Agency．The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit (地球同步转移轨道).‎ ‎ Developed by the China Academy of Space Technology under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the satellite is the country's second data relay satellite．The first, Tianlian I -01, was launched on April 25．2008．‎ ‎ The two satellites will form a network to improve communications between China's spacecraft and bases on Earth, according to the centre．They will also be used to help the nation's first space docking, scheduled for the second half of this year．‎ ‎ As planned, China will launch space module Tiangong-I , which was designed as a platform that will dock with an unmanned spaceship, Shenzhou, for the county's first space-docking mission this year．‎ ‎ Two more Shenzhou spaceships will dock with Tiangong-I next year, and one will be manned by two or three astronauts, according to China Manned Space Engineering Office, which was the main user of the Tianlian I series data relay satellites．‎ ‎ "The new satellite can cover a greater area to track and command the country's space vehicles in low-Earth orbits, such as manned spacecraft and remote sensing satellites, from a higher position m outer space．Only three satellites of this kind are needed to form a global communication network, and China has two now．" Pang Zhihao, a researcher and deputy editor-in-chief of Space International, said．‎ ‎ The satellite could also equip astronauts with real-time ‎ communications, which will benefit the county s future manned space flights, he said．‎ ‎1．What is the main purpose to send up Tianlian I -02 ?‎ ‎ A．To test the function of a Long-March-SC carrier rocket．‎ ‎ B．To carry some astronauts into space to do some research．‎ ‎ C．To send more information and clearer pictures to mobile phones on the earth．‎ ‎ D．To promote the country's satellite communication network for space docking'‎ ‎2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the news report?‎ ‎ A．Shenzhou Ⅷ is a manned spaceship．‎ ‎ B．Tiangong- I will dock with three Shenzhou spaceships next year．‎ ‎ C．the satellite is of great importance to China's space exploration．‎ ‎ D．china’s first ^a06 docking will be done in the second half of next year.‎ ‎3．The best title of the passage could be _____．‎ ‎ A．China Launched a New Space Shuttle.‎ ‎ B．China's Plan for Space Exploration.‎ ‎ C．China’s Progress m China's Space Exploration.‎ ‎ D．New Satellite Helps China's Space Exploration.‎ ‎【答案与解析】神州7号，天宫系列，中国的航天取得令世人瞩目的成绩，多颗卫星的发射使得中国的太空探索如虎添翼。‎ ‎1. D事实判断题。根据文章第一段的“The new satellite will promote the country's satellite communication network for space docking （对接）”可知答案。‎ ‎2. C推理判断题。A,B和D为错误叙述，与事实不符合。文章着重强调该卫星的重要性。‎ ‎3. D主题概括题。全文阐述新卫星对中国太空事业发展的影响，最后一段更是揭示了这一主题。‎ ‎29．‎ ‎【2012安徽省皖南高三联合测评】‎ I learnt about the Pygmalion effect (皮格玛丽翁效应) when I was 7 years old at Riverdale School in Palmerston North and I copied Melissa Crawford’s answers in a spelling test. Before that I was average at school but after that, because Melissa Crawford was smart, and I got all the right answers, I got put in all the smart kids groups.‎ From then I did really well at school because it was believed by the teachers that I would and I also got grouped with the smart kids. This ‎ experience that occurred at my primary school shows just how important the Pygmalion effect is in terms of being around mentors (导师) that expect that you' re going to do well and also being around people who are smart.‎ The Pygmalion effect is one principle you want to use if you want to make money fast. Have mentors that expect you will make money fast and as an extra boost hang around, copy and learn from other people who are also making money fast.‎ Yesterday this site had over 5000 unique visitors and the traffic to it is increasing all the time. A year ago I contacted a group of people who got lots of traffic m their sites and I learnt from them. Truthfully I don’t know if they expected me to start getting decent traffic to websites but 1 imagined they did so they might as well have.‎ So there you have it the Pygmalion effect.‎ P. S. My grammar and spelling are not that great nowadays but that's actually completely irrelevant (不相关的) when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site.‎ ‎1. When did the author learn about the Pygmalion effect?‎ A . Before he took the spelling test. B. After he cheated in the spelling test.‎ C. When he did badly in exams. D. After he finished primary school.‎ ‎2. The author got grouped with the smart kids because ______.‎ A. he was an average pupil at school B. he did better than expected ‎ C. Melissa Crawford was smart D. he did better than all the others at school ‎3. What does the underlined word “contacted” mean in the passage?‎ A. lost touch with B. made friends with C. got in touch with D. was concerned about ‎4. From the passage we can infer that ______.‎ A. the author was busy-meeting visitors every day ‎ B. there was lots of traffic in his city C. the author opened a website himself ‎ D. the author's grammar was poor at school ‎ 【答案与解析】文章通过自己的经历告诉我们皮革马利翁的神奇力量。‎ ‎1.B细节理解题。根据I copied Melissa Crawford’s answers in a spelling test判断，是在他考试作弊以后。‎ ‎2.B细节理解题。作者原先学习平平，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，所以老师把他列为聪明的学生之中。‎ ‎3.C词义猜测题。根据learn from them判断，该词的意思是“取得联系”。‎ ‎4.C推理判断题。从when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site看，作者有自己的网站。‎ ‎30.‎ ‎【2012浙江名校新高考研究联盟一次联考】‎ The booking notes of the play “the Age of Innocence”:‎ Price: $10‎ BOOKING There are four easy ways to book seats for performance:‎ ‎------ in person The Box Office is open Monday to Saturday, ‎10 a. m. -8 p. m. ‎ ‎------ by telephone Ring 01324976 to reserve your tickets or to pay by credit card(Visa, MasterCard and Amex accepted)‎ ‎------ by post Simply complete the booking form and return it to Global Theatre Box Office. ‎ ‎------ on line Complete the on-line booking form at www. Satanfiedtheatre. com DISCOUNTS:‎ Saver: $2 off any seat booked any time in advance for performances ‎ from Monday to Thursday. Savers are available for children up to 16 years old, over 60s and full-time students. ‎ Supersaver: half-price seats are available for people with disabilities and one companion. It is advisable to book in advance. There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and one wheelchair space will be held until an hour before the show. ‎ Standby: best available seats are on sale for $6 from one hour before the performance for people eligible(suitable)】for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers. ‎ Group Bookings: there is a ten percent discount for parties of twelve or more. ‎ School: school parties of ten or more can book $6 standby tickets in advance and will get every tenth ticket free. ‎ Please note: we are unable to exchange tickets or refund money unless a performance is cancelled due to unforeseen circumstances. ‎ ‎1. If you want to book a ticket, you CANNOT ________.‎ A. use the Internet.‎ B. ring the booking number and pay for the tickets by credit card. ‎ C. go to the Box Office on Sundays. ‎ D. complete a booking form and post it to the Box Office. ‎ ‎2. According to the notes, who can get $2 off?‎ A. A 20-year-old full-time college student. ‎ B. A 55-year-old woman.‎ C. An 18-year-old teenager. ‎ D. The people who book the tickets on Fridays.‎ ‎3. If you make a group booking for a group of 14 adults, how much should you pay?‎ A. $120 B. $‎126 ‎C. $140 D. $150‎ ‎4. From the passage we can know all the following information except that ________.‎ A. There are only 8 wheelchair spaces in the theatre.‎ B. The audience can’t refund money if the performance is on show.‎ C. A group of 12 persons can get 10 percent discount.‎ D. A school party of 15 students should pay $90 for the standby tickets.‎ ‎【答案与解析】这是一则广告。‎ ‎1.C细节理解题。该题从BOOKING找到答案。由“The Box Office is open Monday to Saturday, ‎10 a. m. -8 p. m. ”可以看出，去邮局订票的时间是周一到周六，由此可以看出，星期天是订不到票的。‎ ‎2.A细节理解题。在DISCOUNTS:部分，可以看出full-time students 可以便宜$2。‎ ‎3.B推理判断题。题干关键词为：a group of 14 adults。由“Group Bookings:”部分的“there is a ten percent discount for parties of twelve or ‎ more.”12人以及12人以上的团体票9折优惠，所以：10*14*90%=126，故选B。‎ ‎4.D细节理解题。由文章中的“School: school parties of ten or more can book $6 standby tickets in advance and will get every tenth ticket free. ”可以看出，10人及以上团体票单价6美元，每10张还可以优惠一张，由此可以看出，买15张80美元即可。由此可知D项错误。‎ ‎31‎ ‎【永州市2012年高考一模】Before she appeared on the reality show(真人秀) Britain’s Got Talent, Susan Boyle was just an ordinary middle-aged British woman. Now all this is going to change.‎ She lives in a house with her cat Pebbles in a tiny Scottish town. Because of learning difficulties, she doesn’t have much education. But what she does have is a very good voice. As a kid, she sang in church and choirs and school plays. For a living, she sang at local pubs.‎ When she took the stage on April 10th her hair was untidy and her clothes seemed just one step up from rags. The audience laughed at her.‎ But then she opened her mouth. A few bars into the song and the laughing audience went silent. A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream from the musical Les Miserables. Everyone was amazed. At the ‎ end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and applauded wildly.‎ Almost overnight, Susan became a household name. She won fans and millions of admirers. Her online videos have drawn over 85.2 million hits.‎ Susan’s story proved the truth of an old saying: “Never judge the book by its cover.” Susan may look ordinary, and doesn’t have much dress sense, but she can certainly sing.‎ Susan’s fans admire her courage, as much as they do her voice. She has experienced mockery and many disappointments, but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone’s respect.‎ ‎61. According to the passage, Susan Boyle _______.‎ A. is a famous young actress B. became famous after a show C. used to be a good student D. is good at dancing and has millions of admirers ‎62. The underlined phrase “just one step up from” in the third paragraph probably means______.‎ A. far from B. close to C. different from D. the same as ‎63. The audience jumped and applauded wildly because__________.‎ A. her hair was untidy and her clothes seemed just one step up from rags B. she looked very funny C. she sang so well that everyone was amazed D. she made a foolish mistake in the end ‎64. Susan Boyle has many fans now because of _______.‎ A. her beautiful face B. her knowing how to dress C. her good education D. her beautiful voice and courage ‎65. The passage is mainly about___________,‎ A. how to win fans B. how to sing well C. a woman’s sudden success D. a woman’s simple life 语篇导读：本文介绍苏珊·波伊尔在英国著名电视选秀节目“英国达人”一夜成名的故事。61. B. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Almost overnight, Susan became a household name.”可知苏 ‎ 珊·波伊尔在电视选秀节目“英国达人”的一次演出后就一夜成名，故选B项 ‎62. B. 词义猜测题。根据文中的“her hair was untidy”和“The audience laughed at her”可知她的穿着不好，接近于破烂（rags），故选B项。‎ ‎63. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段“A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream from the musical Les Miserables. Everyone was ‎ amazed. At the end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and applauded wildly”可知，人们欢呼鼓掌是因为她确实唱得太好了，故选C项。‎ ‎64. D. 逻辑推理题。根据最后一段“Susan’s fans admire her courage, as much as they do her voice…but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone’s respect.”可知人们是因为她漂亮的歌喉和勇气而迷恋她，故选D项。‎ ‎65. C. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍“没星相指数”很高的苏珊·波伊尔在电视选秀节目“英国达人”的一次演出后就一夜成名，故选C项。‎ ‎32‎ ‎【湖南雅礼中学2012届高三月考试卷四】‎ Chinese media and Internet users on Monday decried（谴责）a lack of morals in society after a toddler was struck twice by two different vans and left bleeding on the road as more than a dozen bystanders did nothing to help the seriously injured girl.‎ The incident, captured by a surveillance camera and aired by Southern Television Guangdong (TVS), showed the two-year-old girl was knocked down and run over by a white van on a narrow market street ‎ on the afternoon of Oct. 13, in Foshan City of Guangdong Province.‎ The driver fled the scene of the accident, leaving the girl to bleed on the sidewalk. Over the next six minutes, more than a dozen people walked by the girl, yet not one individual did anything to help her. The girl was then hit a second time by another van before an elderly trash collector came to her aid and brought the attention of the girl’s mother, according to the video and eyewitnesses.‎ Doctors said that the girl, who was put on life support after being hospitalized, remains in a deep coma. The girl's parents, who are migrants living in the city, are now with her.‎ Police said the drivers of both vehicles have been arrested. However, the apathy of the bystanders shown in the video has shocked the public, as Internet forums have seethed with anger, and people are questioning the morality of society.‎ High moral standards were once triumphed as national pride in China where individuals known for selflessly helping others were adored by the public.‎ But in recent years, the perception（观念）of a decline of morals has become a hot topic as profit and materialism are perceived to be affecting society’s values.‎ On Sept. 2. an 88-year-old man in central China collapsed, his face striking the pavement. Yet, no one came to his aid, and he ended up ‎ choking to death on the blood from his nose.‎ Some have linked the absence of good Samaritans (模范人物)to a previous case in which a man trying to help an elderly woman who fell was accused of harming her.‎ A strong chorus of opinion on the Internet says laws should exempt（免除）Samaritans from liability（责任）, yet laws themselves cannot solve society’s morality dilemma.‎ Cao Lin‎, a China Youth Daily commentator, said in a signed article published on Monday that the worry of liability should not be an excuse for not helping, and this case exposes the decline of humanity in Chinese society.‎ ‎61. According to the passage, what would happen if someone helped others selflessly in the past?‎ ‎ A. He/she would be condemned by the public.‎ ‎ B. He/she would be awarded by the government.‎ ‎ C. The public would feel proud of him/ her and thus showed love and respect for him/ her ‎ D. He/she would have to worry about liability.‎ ‎62. Which of the following is TRUE about this passage?‎ ‎ A. Nobody helped the girl who was struck twice by two different vans.‎ ‎ B. The toddler died immediately after she was hit a second time.‎ ‎ C. High moral standards were once regarded as national pride in China.‎ ‎ D. Journalists from TVS captured the incident by using a camera.‎ ‎63. In recent years, society’s values is believed to be affected by .‎ ‎ A. people’s perceptions B. profit and materialism ‎ C. the apathy of bystanders D. the morals of society ‎64. According to Cao Lin, what is the fundamental reason for not helping the girl?‎ ‎ A. The worry of liability.‎ ‎ B. Lack of laws that exempt Samaritans from liability.‎ ‎ C. The decline of humanity in society.‎ ‎ D. The other two cases mentioned in the article-the case or an 88-year-old man and the case where a man trying to help an elderly woman who fell was accused or harming her.‎ ‎65. Where is the article most probably taken from?‎ ‎ A. A fashion magazine. B. A news report.‎ ‎ C. A science fiction. D. An education column.‎ 语篇导读：10月13日的广东佛山，一位小女孩在先后被两辆汽车碾压，而过路人视而不见、见死不救。这人义道德何在？‎ ‎61. C. 细节理解题。根据第六段“High moral standards were once triumphed as national pride in China where individuals known for ‎ selflessly helping others were adored by the public.”可知在过去，大众会为那些无私助人者感到骄傲，而且爱戴和尊敬他们。由此判断选C项。‎ ‎62. C. 细节理解题。根据第六段“High moral standards were once triumphed as national pride in China where individuals known for selflessly helping others were adored by the public.”可知，崇高的道德标准曾经被中国认为是民族的自豪，故选C项。‎ ‎63. B. 细节理解题。根据第七段“But in recent years, the perception（观念）of a decline of morals has become a hot topic as profit and materialism are perceived to be affecting society’s values.”可知，人们认为今天的社会价值观受到了利润和物质主义的影响，故选B项。‎ ‎64. C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cao Lin… said …that the worry of liability should not be an excuse for not helping, and this case exposes the decline of humanity in Chinese society”可推断人们见死不救的根本原因在于社会人道主义的下滑，故选C项。‎ ‎65. B. 推理判断题。文章第一段提出全文主题，随后围绕此主题进行报道，此符合新闻的写作特点，且根据文中内容的时事性可推断该文是一篇新闻报道，故选B项。‎ ‎33‎ ‎【2012届年邵阳市高三第一次联考】“Children should not be left unsupervised(无人监督的) to play with a dog.”say experts in this week's British Medical Journal. Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.‎ ‎“Dog bites and maulings are a worldwide problem, particularly in children.” write Marina Morgan and John Palmer. Every year 250,000 people who have been bitten by dogs attend minor injuries and emergency units in the United Kingdom, and half of all children are reportedly bitten by dogs at some time, boys more than girls. ‎ Accurate death figures are difficult to obtain, but in the past five years, two to three cases a year have made news headlines.‎ Based on the latest medical evidence, they advise doctors how to examine and treat a patient presenting with a dog bite. They discuss the risk of infection and when to refer to specialist care. For travelers bitten abroad, they suggest assessing the risk of rabies(狂犬病).‎ In terms of prevention, they suggest that children should be taught to treat dogs with respect, avoid direct eye contact, and not tease them. They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating,‎ ‎ sleeping, or caring for puppies.‎ ‎“Dog owners also need to change their behavior”, says Rachel Besser, a children's doctor and lifetime dog owner, in an article.‎ ‎“It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog”, she says. Just as some parents are obliged to take parenting classes, she would like to see compulsive classes for expectant dog owners to teach them about the responsibilities of dog ownership. Educational programs are also needed to teach children about some precautionary behaviors around dogs.‎ Finally, she would like to see vets advising dog owners about bite prevention, and doctors promoting bite prevention when treating patients who have been bitten by dogs.‎ ‎66. Dog biting studied by the experts is a problem ____________. ‎ A. doctors dealing with dog bites should pay attention to ‎ B. happening only to a few children of the world ‎ C. only boys may meet with ‎ D. about which experts get accurate statistics from the news headlines ‎67. The underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refers to “____________ ”.‎ A. doctors B. parents C. experts D dog owners ‎ ‎68. To avoid dog bites, a child should ____________. ‎ A. treat dogs with respect and direct eye contact B. approach an ‎ unfamiliar dog ‎ C. run or scream in the presence of a dog D. leave a dog feeding itself ‎ ‎69. What are Rachel Besser’s words mainly about ?‎ ‎ A. All the dog owners would like children not to be left unsupervised with a dog. ‎ B. All the dog owners have a correct behavior toward dogs.‎ C. Not all dog owners appreciate that children should be left with dogs under supervision.‎ ‎ D. Not all dog owners should attend classes about the responsibilities of dog ownership.‎ ‎70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. Dogs, Dangerous To Children ‎ B. Children Should Know Behaviors Around Dogs.‎ ‎ C. Doctors, Treat Dog Bites Correctly. ‎ D. Never Leave Children Unsupervised With Dogs ‎ 语篇解读：狗咬人，尤其是狗咬小孩的现象尤其需要引起关注，为此，需要采取一定的措施。‎ ‎66. A. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.”可知，专家所研究的狗咬人的问题也应该是相关医生应给予重视的问题，故答案选A项。‎ ‎67. C. 词义猜测题。第四段共有三句，其主语均为“they”，应指同样的人，根据“Based on the latest medical evidence”再结合第一段专家的讲话可推断，他们就指研究狗咬人这一问题的专家们，故选C项。‎ ‎68. D. 细节理解题。根据第五段“They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for puppies.”可知，为了避免狗咬，小孩应该让狗自己吃，而不要云打扰它，故选D项。‎ ‎69. C. 细节理解题。根据第七段“It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog”可知，雷切尔医生认为，并非所有的狗的主人都认为孩子们和狗在一起的时候要有大人的照看。由此判断选C项。‎ ‎70. D. 主旨大意题。狗咬人，尤其是狗咬小孩的现象比较严重，那么如何避免狗咬小孩呢？这才是本文的写作重点，而只有D项更能说明此问题，故正确答案选D项。‎ ‎34‎ ‎【永州市2012年高考一模】‎ Winners Club You choose to be a winner!‎ The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account（交易账户）where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7 – that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!‎ It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers:‎ No account keeping fees!‎ You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!‎ Excellent interest rates! ‎ You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits(储蓄)without taking them out in a month.‎ Convenient Teenagers are busy – we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet··· You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!‎ Mega magazine included Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.‎ The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You can’t wait to hear from you. It’s the best way to choose to be a winner!‎ ‎56. The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ________.‎ A. parents B. teenagers C. winners D. adults ‎57. Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?‎ A. Special gifts are ready for parents. ‎ B. The bank opens only on work days.‎ C. Services are convenient for its members. ‎ D. Fees are necessary for the account keeping.‎ ‎58. The Winners Club provides magazines which ________.‎ A. encourage spending B. are free to all teenagers C. are full of adventure stories D. help to make more of your money ‎59. If you want to be a member of the Club, you must ________.‎ A. be an Internet user B. be permitted by your parent C. have a big sum of money D. be in your twenties ‎60. What is the purpose of this text?‎ A. To set up a club. B. To provide part-time jobs.‎ C. To organize key-cards. D. To introduce a new banking service.‎ 答案与解析：‎ 语篇解读：本文主要宣传针对青少年而开设的银行帐户——“优胜者俱乐部”！‎ ‎56. B. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.”可知“优胜者俱乐部”是针对青少年而开设的银行帐户，故选B项。‎ ‎57. C. 细节理解题。根据“Convenient”部分的描写可推断，俱乐部所提供的服务对其会员来说是极为便利的，故选C项。‎ ‎58. D. 细节理解题。根据“Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.”可知，俱乐部所提供的杂志有助于赚钱，故选D项。‎ ‎59. B. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，参加俱乐部极为容易，你不需要上网，也不需要有很多钱，更不存在20多岁以上的年龄要求，只有你父母同意你参加即可报名，故可判断选B项。‎ ‎60. D.‎ ‎ 推理判断题。本文是“优胜者俱乐部”的宣传广告，而该俱乐部是一个银行帐户，由此可推断全文旨在介绍一种新的银行服务，故选D项。‎ ‎35‎ ‎【湖南省湘潭市2012届高三二模】‎ Generations of children grew up reading comic(漫画）books secretly, hiding out from parents and teachers who saw them as a waste of time and a risk to young minds. Comics are now gaining a new respectability at school. That is thanks to an increasingly popular and creative program, often aimed at struggling readers, that encourages children to plot, write and draw comic books, in many cases using themes from their own lives.‎ The Comic Book Project was started in 2001 by Michael Bitz at an elementary school in Queens. Since its creation, the program, which is mainly conducted after school, has spread to more than 850 schools across the country It has gotten a big push from the Canent craze（狂热）among adolescents for comic book clubs and for Manga, a wildly popular variety of comic originating in Japan.‎ The point is not to drop a comic book on a child's desk and say: "read this:' Rather, the workshops give groups of students the opportunity ‎ to collaborate（合著）on often complex stories and characters that they then revise, publish and share with others in their communities.‎ Teachers are finding it easier to teach writing, grammar and punctuation with material that students are fully invested in(投入）．And it turns out that comic books have other built-in advantages. The pairing of visual and written plotlines that they rely on appear to be especially helpful to struggling readers. No one is suggesting that comic books should substitute for traditional books or for standard reading and composition lessons. Teachers who would once have dismissed comics out of hand are learning to exploit(利用）a style that clearly has a powerful hold on young minds. They are using what works.‎ ‎66. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage?‎ A. Japanese Comic Books. B. Comic Books in the Classroom.‎ ‎ C. Reading Efficiently. D. A Current Craze.‎ ‎67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Students' reading materials are often involved with their daily life.‎ B. Comic books can now take the place of textbooks at school.‎ C. Teachers now give away comic books for children to read.‎ D. Children's imagination plays a key role in comic books.‎ ‎68. The underlined phrase "its" in Paragraph 2 probably refers to______.‎ A. the Comic Book Project's B. an elementary school's C. Queens' D. the country's ‎69. The main purpose of the Comic Book Project is to＿．‎ A. develop the cooperation among adolescents B. make sure that students live a rich and colorful life after school C. help students who have some difficulty in reading D. popularize a new method of teaching ‎70. It can be inferred that______.‎ A. comic books were first used in Japanese schools B. parents have different opinions about their children reading comic books C. more and more teachers will realize the advantages of comic books D. comic books will be allowed to enter all the schools in the country 语篇解读：本文主要介绍使用漫画教学在教育中优势。‎ ‎66. B. 主旨大意题。第一段提出全文主题：Comics are now gaining a new respectability at school. 之后围绕该主题具体介绍漫画在学校教育中的意义和利用，由此判断全文标题应该是：教室中的漫画。故选B项。‎ ‎67. C. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Teachers are finding it easier to teach writing, grammar and punctuation with material that students are fully invested in(投入）．And it turns out that comic books have other built-in advantages.”可在老师给学生提供漫画书让他们阅读，故选C项。‎ ‎68. A.‎ ‎ 词义猜测题。第二段第一、二句的逻辑顺承关系可推断“its”应指the Comic Book Project's，故选A项。‎ ‎69. D. 细节理解题。根据第一段“That is thanks to an increasingly popular and creative program, often aimed at struggling readers, that encourages children to plot, write and draw comic books, in many cases using themes from their own lives.”可知，该项目的目的旨在普及一种新教学法——漫画教学法。故选D项。‎ ‎70. C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段对“漫画教学”的优势的介绍可推断，越来越多的人会意识到漫画书的好处。故选C项。‎ ‎36‎ ‎【2012届年邵阳市高三一联】‎ In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort: brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids. Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off-season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild. ‎ Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.‎ The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety: pay attention to Flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously! Tourists from land-locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves. However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning. Make sure you swim near a lifeguard. Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards. ‎ Never swim alone. Many drownings involve single swimmers. When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others. ‎ Don't fight the current. The facts show that some 80% of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents. These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back. This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore. If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore. Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore. Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.‎ ‎56. When coming to Viginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of________________.‎ A. walking on the road made of wood B. joining the nightspots C. riding a horse or a pumper car D. skiing in the sea ‎57. Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ____.‎ A. after autumn school term beginning B. in the summer vacation C. during the Christmas holiday D. in the cold winter ‎58. Swimming in the sea you’d better not swim _______________.‎ A. with a friend B. within the sight of the lifeguard C. with the current D. as far as you like ‎59. From the passage, we can know_______.‎ A. one in five persons swimming in the sea is drowned B. if one with lifeguard were drowning, five persons without lifeguard would be, ‎ C. some 80% people drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguards D. some 20% drowning by the currents are rescued by life guards ‎ ‎60. The passage mainly tells us ______________.‎ A. Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort ‎ B. the happiness and excitement the beach offers C. some safety tips when swimming in the sea ‎ D. the dangers for tourists from land-locked regions to swim in the sea 语篇解读：维珍尼亚滩是一个值得游览的好地方，但也要注意安全。本文主要介绍介绍游览维珍尼亚滩时需注意的安全措施。‎ ‎56. C. 细节理解题。根据第一段“brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids.”可知，在维珍尼亚滩，你可以漫步在木板路上，参加夜总会；再根据最后一段“These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back”可推断你也可以在海中冲浪，但就是不能骑马或坐车，故选C项。‎ ‎57. A. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off-season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild”可推断，人不多，气候还尚温和的淡季是游览维珍尼亚滩的最好时间。气候还尚温和的季节应是秋季，故选A项。‎ ‎58. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Make sure you swim near a lifeguard.”可知在海中游泳时不宜游得太远，故选D项。‎ ‎59. B. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.”可判断选B项。‎ ‎60. C. 主旨大意题。全文围绕第二段“Meanwhile, some safety tips ‎ should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.”而写，即全文旨在介绍游览维珍尼亚滩时需注意的安全措施，故选C项。‎ ‎37‎ ‎【湖南省湘潭市2012届高三二模】‎ Having good etiquette(礼节) at the workplace is very important to be a favorite in an office. However, it's observed that many people aren't aware of the workplace etiquette and this creates a very bad impression in the office. So it's important to know some workplace etiquette tips.‎ Among all the workplace etiquette guidelines，the most important is to be punctual to your office. Though going late due to an emergency is okay, habitual late comers are never appreciated in any organization. By arriving at your office on time, you show that you're aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization. In case you feel that you would be late, call the concerned authority and report the matter to him or her.‎ Also, a proper knowledge of the workplace email etiquette is a must. In the official emails, you need to mention the subject concisely(简洁地），while at the same time include all the important details which are to be shared. You should use good and grammatically correct language while writing emails.‎ A knowledge of telephone etiquette in the workplace is very important as well. While talking on the telephone, be polite and listen to what they're saying carefully. Only then should you say what you feel. Speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end.‎ The workplace guidelines are important even while you're dining or celebrating with your co-workers. If you get a call in between, receive it after you're permitted by the others by saying "excuse me". Don't talk loudly while eating. Greet people well and try to make them feel comfortable while being in your company.‎ These guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company. All the best!‎ ‎56. The intended readers of the passage are_______．‎ A. managers in charge of a company B. students of a business class C. people who are out of work D. general readers ‎57. Why should you try to be punctual?‎ A. To prove you are not a habitual late comer. ‎ B. To respect the rules of the organization.‎ C. To show that you are a responsible worker. ‎ D. To win other workers' respect.‎ ‎58. How should you write an official email?‎ A. Write the subject clearly and simply. ‎ B. Include all the details in the email.‎ C. Make the language as beautiful as possible. ‎ D. Make emails as brief as possible.‎ ‎59. Which of the following is considered NOT acceptable about making phone calls?‎ A. Using polite languages. B. Listening with patience and care.‎ C. Speaking clearly. D. Answering a call in a loud voice.‎ ‎60. In the writer's opinion, workplace etiquette＿‎ A. is easy to master ‎ B. is considered important by all employees C. can be helpful in doing your work well ‎ D. will bring you good luck and good salaries 答案与解析：‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍一些工作中需要注意的礼节。‎ ‎56. D. 推理判断题。根据文章首尾段可推断不管是任务人，只要是参加了工作，就有必要掌握一些工作上的礼节，即文章针对大众读者而写，故选D项。‎ ‎57. C. 细节理解题。根据第二段“you show that you’re aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization.”可判断，上班准时可显示出你的责任感，故选C项。‎ ‎58. A. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the official e-mails, you need to mention the subject concisely(简练).”可判断选A项。‎ ‎59. D. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end.”可知打电话时不需太大声，对话能清楚地听到则可，故选D项。‎ ‎60. C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company”可判断，工作礼节有助于做好工作，故选C项。‎ ‎38‎ ‎【湖南省湘潭市2012届高三二模】‎ Farmers are being told more needs to be done to stop them injuring at work. One in five British workplace deaths happens in agriculture even though farmers are only a small part of the working population. During the year 2010/11 there were 1,061 injuries in total and it is thought many more go unreported.‎ Jim Chapman from Warwickshire had his arm torn off by farm machinery seven years ago when he was 23. “You don't realize how much you rely on your second arm until it's gone,” he said. He fell against a PTO shaft(传动轴），a spinning metal bar at the back of a tractor. “It catapulted(猛力掷出）me from one side of the machine to the other,” he said. “I landed on the floor, minus all my clothing. My left arm ‎ had been ripped off.” He admits that the machinery was missing part of its proper safety guard. “But again,” he added, “it was a rushed day. There were a few machines that didn't work. Also, I was getting behind with the jobs.”‎ Over the last 10 years, other industries that you'd think of as dangerous, like building or quarrying(矿采），have lowered the number of workplace deaths and injuries. In the farming industry though, deaths remain high with 34 deaths in 2010/11．‎ Judith Hackitt, the chair of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) says it is "not acceptable" that the accident statistics for farming are still high. “People in farming don't have minor(较小的）injuries. When they get injured, it's bad.” she said. “When I said to the National Farmers’ Union(NFU) that if I had sons I would not want them to work in agriculture, it really made them sit up and take notice.” There's a whole host of reasons why farming is as dangerous as it is. It is a very rough industry. Also, it's often because people are left alone. They could be young and inexperienced, or older people, who would have retired maybe five or 10 years ago in other industries.‎ Jim wants others to learn from his experience. “Look at what you're doing before you go running in,” he said. “You could make a mistake that you'll live with for the rest of your life.”‎ ‎61. Jim Chapman was injured in the workplace mainly because ＿___‎ A. he crossed the machinery ‎ B. the safety guard of the machinery was gone C. he was standing at the back of the tractor ‎ D. he didn't notice the PTO shaft ‎62. In British farming industry,______.‎ A. farmers take up a large part of working population B. the number of injuries is bigger than what the public know C. old machinery was not replaced in time D. being a farmer is the most dangerous ‎63．Judith thought＿were (was) not acceptable.‎ A. the injuries of farmers ‎ B．the high deaths for farming C. her son's hope to work in agriculture ‎ D. farmers' retiring 5 or 10 years later ‎64. The underlined phrase `ripped off" in paragraph 2 probably means“＿”‎ A. turned off B. got off C. worn off D. torn off ‎65. From the whole text, we can see that Jim feels A. regretful B. angry C. shocked D. confused 答案与解析：‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍英国农民工在做事时的受伤现象。‎ ‎61. B. 细节理解题。根据第二段“He admits that the machinery was ‎ missing part of its proper safety guard.”可判断Jim Chapman受伤是因为机器的防护装置的脱落，故选B项。‎ ‎62. B. 细节理解题。根据第一段“During the year 2010/11 there were 1,061 injuries in total and it is thought many more go unreported.”可推断英国农民实际受伤人数比所报道的受伤人数要多，故选B项。‎ ‎63. B. 细节理解题。根据第四段“When I said to the National Farmers’ Union(NFU) that if I had sons I would not want them to work in agriculture”可知Judith不会让她儿子从事农业方面的工作，故选B项。‎ ‎64. D. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Jim Chapman from Warwickshire had his arm torn off by farm machinery seven years ago when he was 23.”可推断划线部分应意为“torn off”，故选D项。‎ ‎65. A. 推理判断题。根据最后一段Jim的讲话可推断他为自己的受伤感到遗憾，故选A项。‎ ‎39‎ ‎【雅礼中学2012届高三月考试卷（四）】‎ Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and ‎ extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.‎ Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.‎ ‎"Many ecosystems have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive species," Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO's forestry department, said at the launch of the report.‎ The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.‎ ‎"The remaining populations become enclosed in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding （近亲交配）problems ... and at the end these species may disappear," he added.‎ Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.‎ The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a ‎ significant proportion of endemic species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.‎ Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.‎ The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to tackling （应对）climate change such as mangroves（红树林）, inland waters, forests, savannahs（非洲大草原） and grasslands.‎ The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was constrained.‎ The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.‎ It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.‎ ‎56. Why are mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas becoming the most affected areas, according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Because animals there are more likely to migrate to other places and create new habitats.‎ ‎ B. Because of higher temperatures and the rise in sea levels there.‎ ‎ C. Because it is less possible for animals to move to other places and ‎ create new habitats.‎ ‎ D. Because of the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases.‎ ‎57. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph mean?‎ ‎ A. Making something become less serious.‎ ‎ B. Making use of.‎ ‎ C. Developing.‎ ‎ D. Moving from one place to another.‎ ‎58. All of the following are true EXCEPT “ ”.‎ ‎ A. The increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive species have put great pressure on the ecosystem.‎ ‎ B. We should pay more attention to the restoration of damaged ecosystems ‎ C. All the plants and animal species will be at higher risk of distinction due to global warming by 2050.‎ ‎ D. For animals living in areas where their movements were limited, we should create more corridors for them.‎ ‎59. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?‎ ‎ A. There are no resources available to conserve the biodiversity.‎ ‎ B. It is the local communities rather than the government that should take measures to protect the species from extinction.‎ ‎ C. It is better for the local communities to restrict eco-tourism activities.‎ ‎ D. The government should take some measures and some policies should be made to protect the biodiversity though more sources were being used for it.‎ ‎60. What is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. Animals at risk ‎ B. Global warming and its consequences ‎ C. Solutions to animal distinction ‎ D. Animals at risk due to climate change 语篇解读：气候变化对野生物带来极大的影响，因为有必要采取措施减轻气候变化。‎ ‎56. C. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.”可判断选C项。‎ ‎57. A. 词义猜测题。要求当地发展项目来减轻气候变化对野生物的影响，由此可推断划线词应意为“使某事物变得更不严重”，故选A项。‎ ‎58. C. 细节理解题。C项内容与文中“The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of ‎ extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of endemic species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence”不相符合，故选C项。‎ ‎59. D. 推理判断题。根据“The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.”可判断D项正确。‎ ‎60. D. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍气候变化给野生活带来面临灭绝的影响，故正确答案选D项。‎ ‎40‎ ‎【望城二中2012届高三第四次月考试卷】‎ Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn’t want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry’s manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters.‎ If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion(万亿)minutes annually - earn $109 billion for the wireless carriers.‎ Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect.” The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled.‎ Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population.‎ ‎“Most cancers have multiple causes,” she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.‎ Children are more vulnerable（易受伤的）to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says.‎ Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.‎ Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker.‎ ‎ Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen（腹部）.‎ ‎66. Why is the warning in the small print?‎ A. They don’t want the users to pay attention to it.‎ B. There is not enough space for the warning. ‎ C. They think people will not care about it.‎ D. The warning is not important at all.‎ ‎67. According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increase ____.‎ ‎ A. among children B. among old people ‎ C. in the twenties D. among pregnant women ‎68. Why do children easily be affected by radiation?‎ ‎ A. Because they haven’t grown up. ‎ ‎ B. Because they are too young to protect themselves.‎ ‎ C. Because they use cell phones more often than adults.‎ ‎ D. Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt.‎ ‎69. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Pregnant women should keep cell phones away.‎ ‎ B. People should use cell phones in the correct way.‎ ‎ C. If you are a child, you’d better text than make phone calls.‎ D. When you use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phone’s speaker.‎ ‎70. What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ ‎ A. Be careful when using cell phones.‎ ‎ B. Don’t hold your cell phone against your ear.‎ ‎ C. Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains.‎ ‎ D. Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer.‎ 语篇解读：使用手机会带来辐射的负影响，因此需要正确使用手机。‎ ‎66. A. 细节理解题。根据第一段“This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased.”可推断厂商不想让顾客注意到它而将警示语印得极小，故选A项。‎ ‎67. C. 细节理解题。根据第四段“But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population”可脑癌主要发生在20多岁的时候，故选C项。‎ ‎68. D. 细节理解题。根据“Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）”可知，小孩更容易受辐射的影响是因为他们的头骨更薄，大脑更容易受伤，故选D项。‎ ‎69. B. 推理判断题。最后一段“Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should text rather than call,‎ ‎ she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen”所讲述的都是一些正确使用手机以防止辐射的影响的方法，由此判断选B项。‎ ‎70. A. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍使用手机的负作用，最后警示人们要正确使用手机。因此A项更能说明全文的主旨，而其它三项只是文中的细节内容，故选A项。‎