高考英语全国卷阅读理解及翻译 13页

‎2018全国3卷英语高考 A ‎　　Welcome to Holker Ha ll & Gardens ‎　　Visitor Information ‎　　____‎ ‎　　By Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-I hour 30 minutes.‎ ‎　　By Rail: The nearest stati on is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.‎ ‎　　Opening Times ‎　　Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.‎ ‎　　Admission Charges ‎　　Hall & Gardens Gardens ‎　　Adults: £12.00 £8.00‎ ‎　　Groups £9 £5.5‎ ‎　　Producers: Market 13th April ‎　　Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ ‎　　Holker Garden Festival 30th May ‎　　The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.‎ ‎　　National Garden Day 28th August ‎　　Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ ‎　　Winter Market 8th November ‎　　This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show a nd nice street entertainment.‎ ‎　　21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?‎ ‎　　A. 20minutes.　　B. 25 minutes.‎ ‎　　C. 45 minutes.　　D. 90 minutes.‎ ‎　　22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?‎ ‎　　A. £l2.00.B.　　B. 19.00.　　C. A8.0　　D. 45.50‎ ‎　　23.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?‎ ‎　　A. Producers' Market.　　B. Holker Garden Festival.‎ ‎　　C. National Garden Day.　　D. Winter Market.‎ B ‎　　Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.‎ ‎　　Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.‎ ‎　　But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.‎ ‎　　24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?‎ ‎　　A. Its business culture.　　B. Its small population.‎ ‎　　C. Its geographical position.　　D. Its favourable climate.‎ ‎　　25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?‎ ‎　　A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.‎ ‎　　B. One out of five people got rich.‎ ‎　　C. Almost everyone gave up.　　D. Half of them died.‎ ‎　　26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?‎ ‎　　A. They found the city too crowded.‎ ‎　　B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.‎ ‎　　C. They were unable to stand the winter.‎ ‎　　D. They were short of food.‎ ‎　　27. What is the text mainly about?‎ ‎　　A. The rise and fall of a city.　　B. The gold rush in Canada.‎ ‎　　C. Journeys into the wilderness.　　D. Tourism in Dawson.‎ C ‎　　While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.‎ ‎　　Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.‎ ‎　　Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.‎ ‎　　The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.‎ ‎　　Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).‎ ‎　　Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.‎ ‎　　Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. "That is only evidence that traditions once existed," he said.‎ ‎　　"Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, " he said.‎ ‎　　"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are, " said Wang.[‎ ‎　　The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.‎ ‎　　28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.‎ ‎　　A. following the latest world trend ‎　　B. getting international recognition ‎　　C. working harder than ever before ‎　　D. relying on foreign architects ‎　　29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?‎ ‎　　A. Its hilly environment.　　B. Its large size.‎ ‎　　C. Its unique style.　　D. Its diverse functions.‎ ‎　　30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?‎ ‎　　A. The mixture of different shapes.[‎ ‎　　B. The balance of East and West.‎ ‎　　C. The use of popular techniques.‎ ‎　　D. The harmony of old and new.‎ ‎　　31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?‎ ‎　　A. Spread them to the world.　　B. Preserve them at museums.‎ ‎　　C. Teach them in universities.　　D. Recreate them in practice.‎ D ‎　　Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.‎ ‎　　I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor)‎ ‎　　For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.‎ ‎　　We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.‎ ‎　　32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ ‎　　A. The more, the better.　　B. Enough is enough.‎ ‎　　C. More money, more worries.　　D. Earn more and spend more.‎ ‎　　33.What madeGeorgia agree to sell some of her objects?‎ ‎　　A. Saving up for her holiday　　B. Raising money for a poor girl ‎　　C. Adding the money to her fund　　D. Giving the money to asick mother ‎　　34. Why did theauthor play the ball with Shepherd?‎ ‎　　A. To try out an idea　　B. To show a parent's love ‎　　C. To train his attention　　D. To help him start a hobby ‎　　35.What can be asuitable title for the text?‎ ‎　　A. Take It or Leave It　　B. A Lesson from Kids ‎　　C. Live More with Less　　D. The Pleasure of Giving ‎　　第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎　　Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.‎ ‎　　____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.‎ ‎　　“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life."‎ ‎　　____"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. ____”‎ ‎　　So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."‎ ‎　　A. So why do we dance?‎ ‎　　B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.‎ ‎　　C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.‎ ‎　　D. My older students say it makes them feel young.‎ ‎　　E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.‎ ‎　　F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.‎ ‎　　G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.‎ ‎　　第三部分　　　第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎　　　When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say "sorry, ____ number!" and move on. But when Dennis Williams ____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____.‎ ‎　　On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.‎ ‎　　"Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken," Dennis ____. The baby was born and update texts were ____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ____, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. "Well, I don’t ____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby," replied Dennis before asking which room the new ____ were in.‎ ‎　　Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____! He turned up at the hospital ____ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____ by the unexpected visit. "I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____ it and the gifts."‎ ‎　　Teresa ____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____ by the touching words: "What a ____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____ and kind to do this." The post has since gained the ____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.‎ ‎　　41.A. unlucky　　B. secret　　C. new　　D. wrong ‎　　42.A. received　　B. translated　　C. copied　　D. printed ‎　　43.A. reasonable　　B. special　　C. necessary　　D. practical ‎　　44.A. convincing　　B. reminding　　C. informing　　D. warning ‎　　45.A. wake-up　　B. recovery　　C. growth　　D. arrival ‎　　46.A. responded　　B. interrupted　　C. predicted　　D. repeated ‎　　47.A. coming in　　B. setting out　　C. passing down　　D. moving around ‎　　48.A. opinion　　B. anxiety　　C. excitement　　D. effort ‎　　49.A. comparing　　B. exchanging　　C. discussing　　D. sharing ‎50.A. accept　　B. know　　C. believe　　D. bother　　‎ ‎51.A. parents　　B. doctors　　C. patients　　D. visitors ‎　　52.A. dream　　B. promise　　C. agenda　　D. principle ‎　　53.A. bearing　　B. collecting　　C. opening　　D. making ‎　　54.A. discouraged　　B. relaxed　　C. astonished　　D. defeated ‎　　55.A. admit　　B. need　　C. appreciate　　D. expect ‎　　56.A. found　　B. selected　　C. developed　　D. posted ‎　　57.A. confirmed　B. simplified　　C. clarified　D. accompanied ‎　　58. A. pity　　B. blessing　　C. relief　　D. problem ‎59.A. smart　　B. calm　　C. sweet　　D. fair　　‎ ‎60.A. sympathy　　B. attention　　C. control　　D. trust ‎　第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　I'm not sure ____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the ____(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____(challenge).‎ ‎　　My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ____(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.‎ ‎　　When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____(mean)me no real ‎ harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____ (stay)and watch.‎ ‎　　71.第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ ‎　　第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎　　It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.[来源 ‎　　　72.第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎　　假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：‎ ‎　　1学校的体育场馆;　　2主要的运动项目;　　3你喜欢的项目。‎ ‎　　注意：　　1词数100左右：　　2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎　　2018年高考英语全国卷3答案解析 ‎　　阅读理解　　D B D C B B A B C D D A C A C　　B D A F E ‎　　简答题　　D A B C D A A C D B A B A C C D D B C B ‎　　61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged 66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay ‎　　改错题：‎ ‎ ‎ 书面表达 ‎　　Dear Peter,‎ ‎　　I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.‎ ‎　　To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.‎ ‎　　All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.‎ ‎　　Yours,‎ ‎　　Li Hua A 欢迎来到霍克庄园和花园 访客信息 如何到达霍克 乘坐汽车：从M6，J36线路沿着棕色的标志行驶。大约行驶时间：温德梅尔湖——20分钟，肯德尔镇——25分钟，兰开斯特——45分钟，曼彻斯特——1小时30分钟。‎ 乘坐火车：最近的车站是Cark-in-Cartmel车站，这里有开往坎福斯、兰开斯特和普雷斯顿的火车，连接了主要城市和机场。‎ 开放时间 星期日—星期五（星期六不开放）上午11:00—下午4:00，3月30日—11月2日。‎ 入场费 庄园及花园 花园 成人：‎ ‎￡12.00‎ ‎￡8.00‎ 团体：‎ ‎￡9.00‎ ‎￡5.50‎ 特别活动 生产者市场 4月13日 加入我们，品尝各种各样的本地新鲜食物和饮料。见一见这些生产者，要一些绝妙的食谱方子。‎ 霍克花园节 5月30日 这场活动庆祝霍克花园节的22周年纪念日，它展现了最好的园艺，使之成为园艺界最受欢迎的活动。‎ 国家花园日 8月28日 为了帮助弱势群体，霍克再次开放了它的花园。你只需捐一小笔钱就可以与我们的花园导游一起游览。‎ 冬季市场 11月8日 这是一个针对所有家庭的活动。一边在各种各样的礼品店里闲逛，一边欣赏着现场音乐表演和不错的街头表演。‎ B 城市之所以坐落在自己所在的那个位置，通常有一个很好的理由，比如临近港口或河流。人们在这些地方定居是因为这里很容易到，而且本来就很适合交通和贸易。例如，纽约市就在哈德逊河口的一个大港口附近。300年来，这里的人口逐渐从800人增长到8百万人。但并不是所有的城市都是在很长一段时间内慢慢地发展起来的。新兴城市几乎是一夜之间从一无所有成长起来的。1896年，加拿大的道森是一片在地图上都没有标识的荒野。但是1897年那里发现了金子。两年之后，它成了西部最大的城市之一，拥有30 000人口。‎ 道森不像伦敦或巴黎这样的城市拥有任何天然便利之处。人们去那里寻找黄金，他们穿越白雪皑皑的群山，顺着冰冻的河流航行数百英里。通往道森的道路上覆盖着30英尺厚的湿雪，雪会在没有预兆的情况下崩坍。曾经一场雪崩封闭了道路，造成了63人死亡。然而，对于许多成功到达道森的人来说，他们所获得的奖励是值得进行艰难跋涉的。在第一批挖金子的20 000人中，4 000人致富了。这些人之中大约有100人在其余生依然是富人。‎ 但不管他们有多富有，道森这个地方一点也不令人舒服。像食物和木材这样的必需品非常昂贵。但很快，道森所依赖的金子全都被发现了。这座城市挤满了失望的人们，他们没有兴趣定居下来，当他们听说在阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿时，他们迅速离去了，速度跟他们当初来的速度一样快。如今，人们仍然来来去去——为了看一看加拿大黄金热的发生地。旅游业现在是道森市的主要产业——它目前的人口有762人。‎ C 尽管著名的外国建筑师被邀请来负责中国地标建筑的设计，比如中央广播电视塔，国家大剧院，但是许多优秀的中国建筑师正在努力走向中心舞台。‎ 他们的努力已经证明了非常有效。王澍，一位49岁的中国建筑师，在2月28日——获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖——这项奖被认为是建筑界的诺贝尔奖。他是第一位获得该奖的中国公民。‎ 王是中国美术学院（CAA）建筑系系主任。他的办公室位于浙江杭州的中国美院象山校区。校园里的许多建筑物都是他的原创作品。‎ 这个校园的风格与大多数中国校园风格完全不同。许多参观者对其复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型惊叹不已。建筑物的曲线与山丘的起伏完美契合，形成了一道独特的风景。‎ 王收集了七百多万块不同年代的废弃砖瓦。他要求工人们用传统技术将这些砖瓦做成墙壁、屋顶和走廊。由于融合了现代元素和中国传统元素，这一创作吸引了许多人的注意。‎ 王的作品展现了他对现代建筑的深刻理解以及对传统的充分了解。1995‎ 年普利兹克建筑奖获得者Tadao Ando说，通过这种平衡，他创造出了中式建筑的一种新风格。‎ 王认为传统不应该被封存在博物馆的玻璃盒里。“那只是传统曾经存在过的证据。”他说道。‎ ‎“许多中国人对传统存在误解。他们认为传统意味着来自过去的老旧事物。事实上，传统也涉及那些已经在发展中以及仍在被创造中的东西。”他说道。‎ ‎“今天许多中国人正在学习西方风格和理论，而不是关注中国传统。许多人往往在谈论传统时却不知道传统究竟是什么。”王说道。‎ 对传统的研究应当与实践相结合。否则，对传统的再创作就是人工的仿造，空洞无物，他这样说道。‎ D 成年人知道被物品淹没是什么样的感觉。当涉及孩子和他们的物品时，为什么我们经常认为越多越好呢？好消息是，我可以帮助自己的孩子比我自己更早地知道如何用更少的东西生活得更充实。‎ 我发现假期前是一个鼓励孩子们捐较少使用的东西的好时机，而且这效果很好。由于我们的努力，我们的女儿Georgia决定把一大袋玩具捐给一个小女孩，这个小女孩的妈妈因为生病而无法支付她的假期花费。当我们承诺把钱放入她的学校基金里时（我们上幼儿园的女儿对成为一名医生这件事非常认真），她选择出售一些她不经常使用的比较大的物品。‎ 几个星期以来，我一直在思考更大、更深刻的问题：我们怎么样使之成为他们的一种习惯呢？我们如何训练自己去帮助他们简化生活、减少需求以及降低消耗呢？昨天我和我的儿子Shepherd坐在一起，我决定在这种问题上试验一下我自己的理论。我决定只和他玩一个玩具，玩到这个玩具不再引起他的兴趣时为止。我预计一个玩具能保持他的注意力大约5分钟，最多10分钟。我选了一个红色的橡皮球——这种玩具很简单、到处都能得到。我们传着球，他试图将球放进自己嘴巴里，他试着拍打球、滚球、坐在球上面、扔球。对他来说这完全足够了。不知不觉中1个小时过去了，到了该去吃午饭的时间了。‎ 我们俩都沉浸在这简单的一起玩耍之中了。我的全部注意力都放在他身上，而且他的全部注意力也在我身上，我的这个在一个物品上找到乐趣的小实验对我们两个都奏效了。‎