2019译林牛津高考英语一轮练习题模块6U4及答案 11页

‎2019（译林牛津）高考英语一轮练习题：模块6U4及答案 一、阅读理解。‎ If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.‎ Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serious injuries.‎ Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”‎ The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.‎ ‎1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“___________”.‎ A. hard B. regular ‎ C. practical D. flexible ‎2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ___________.‎ A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process ‎3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？‎ A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out.‎ C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy.‎ ‎4.What can be inferred from the text?‎ A. No exercise at all is the best choice.‎ B. More exercise means a healthier life.‎ C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.‎ D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。‎ ‎3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应选A。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。‎ 二、单项填空 ‎1.Nowadays, few people develop the habit of keeping a supply of oil-lamps in the house in case of power ‎_______.‎ A. failure B. absence C. lack D. drop ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 句意： 如今， 很少有人为了防能源短缺， 养成保存油灯供应的习惯。 lack 缺少； failure 失败； absence 缺席；drop 落下。故 C 正确。‎ ‎2.Fitness is important in sport, but of at least _______ importance are skills.‎ A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 句意： 强健的身体在体育运动中很重要， 但是至少同样重要的还有体育技能。 fair 公平的； reasonable 合理的；equal 相等的，平等的；proper 合适的。‎ ‎3.Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think will ________ the worsening of the environment.‎ A. adapt to B. refer to C. subscribe to D. contribute to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：大多数与会者都不看好这一提议，他们认为它会导致环境的恶化。contribute to“导致，‎ 是……的原因之一”，符合句意。adapt to 适应；refer to 参与，指的是；subscribe to 订阅，赞同。‎ ‎4.A great part of the information I have was _______ by looking up something and finding something else on the way.‎ A. requested B. acquired C. exchanged D. presented ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】requested 要求；acquired 获得；exchanged 交换；presented 提出，提供。句意：我的大部分知识 都是这样获得的：在寻找某个资料时意外的获得了另外的资料。‎ ‎5.Chinese president Xi Jinpin said that China attaches great importance to _______ relations with the United Kingdom, and that deepening the China-U.K. relationship is the fundamental _______ of both countries and people.‎ A. strengthening; benefits B. extending; profits C. expanding; interests D. developing; aspects ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：中国国家主席习近平说中国注重发展与英国的关系，同时加深中英关系也是两国及其人 们的根本利益所在。第一空：strengthen 加强；extend 延伸，expand 扩张，发展；develop 发展。‎ 第二空上：benefits 好处，益处；profits 利润；interests 利益；aspects 方面。‎ ‎6.—Must I finish the report tonight?‎ ‎—It’s not _______. You can do it next week.‎ A. important B. serious C. urgent D. nervous ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】important 重要的；serious 严肃的，认真的；urgent 紧急的；nervous 紧张的。句意：我必须今晚 完成报告吗？不着急。你可以下周做。‎ ‎7.As there is less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of _______ energy, such as sunlight, wind, and water for power and fuel.‎ A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】primary 初级的；alternative 可供选择的；instant 立刻的；unique 独特的。句意：由于煤和油较 少，科学家们正在探索更好的办法来利用可供选择的能源，如太阳能，风和风能来发电。‎ ‎8.Every possible means _______, but it seems that nothing will prevent the situation from getting worse.‎ A. has tried B. have tried C. has been tried D. have been tried ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】every possible means 每一种可能的方法，谓语动词应用单数形式，且 means 与 try 之间为动宾关 系，故 C 项正确。句意：每一种可能的方法都被试过了，但好像没有什么能阻止这种状况的每 况愈下。‎ ‎9.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary _______ from them to help rebuild the economy.‎ A. commitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】 commitment 承诺， 许诺； appointment 任命， 约会， 职务， 职位； instrument 仪器， 乐器； requirement 要求。句意：现在，银行业恢复了往日的神采，我们希望银行能够做出重大承诺来帮助重振国 家的经济。‎ ‎10.Many people have applied for a job with our company, but we only have one or two _______ positions at the moment.‎ A. empty B. vacant C. permanent D. adequate ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词。empty 空的，空洞的，空闲的，无效的；vacant 空闲的，空虚的，空缺的；permanent 永久的；adequate 充分的。句意：许多人申请我们公司的岗位，但是我们目前仅仅有一两个空缺 的岗位。故答案选 B。‎ ‎11.In our childhood, we were often _______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.‎ A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】demand 命令；remind 提醒；allow 允许；hope 希望。句意：在我们小时候，奶奶经常提醒我们 注意餐桌礼仪。‎ ‎12.It was foolish of him to _______ his notes while taking such an easy test, and as a result, he got punished.‎ A. refer to B. speak of C. cheat in D. take out ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】refer to 提到，谈到，查阅，参考；speak of 谈到，讲到；take out 清除，获取，把……带出去，‎ 邀请(某人)外出。句意：对他来说在这样简单的考试中看笔记本真是愚蠢。结果他受到了惩罚。‎ ‎13.When I was in high school, Dad retired and _______ a food stand on the street near my school.‎ A. took up B. set up C. brought up D. picked up ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】set up 建立，搭建。take up 从事；bring up 提出；pick up 拾起，学会。句意：我上高中时爸爸退 休了，在我学校附近的街上摆了一个食品摊。‎ ‎14.—Why haven’t you finished your work?‎ ‎—The computer system _______ suddenly when I was searching for information on the Internet.‎ A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：“你为什么没有完成你的工作的啊？”“当我在网上搜索信息的时候，电脑系统突然出 毛病了。”break down 发生故障，符合句意。‎ ‎15.You know, he doesn’t _______ money. His unhappiness is for _______ courage to face the fact.‎ A. lack of, lack B. lack, lack of C. lack, shortage of D. lack of, a shortage of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】lack 作及物动词时，后面直接跟名词；for lack of 意为“缺少”，其中 lack 为名词。句意：你是 知道的，他并不缺钱。他的不快乐是因为缺乏面对现实的勇气。‎ ‎16.—Do you think he is the only person for the job?‎ ‎—I’m not quite sure but he’ll prove _______ to the task.‎ A. equal B. essential C. special D. superior ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】equal 相当的，(力量、勇气、能力等方面)能胜任的；essential 重要的，本质的；special 特别的，‎ 专门的；superior 优秀的。be equal to (doing) sth.“能胜任”。句意：“你认为他是这个工作的唯 一人选吗？”“我不十分肯定。但他终会胜任这份工作的。”‎ ‎17.The success of Beijing Olympic Games _______ the growth of economy in China.‎ A. refers to B. sticks to C. appeals to D. contributes to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】refer to 参考；stick to 坚持；appeal to 吸引；contribute to 有助于。句意：北京奥运会的成功举办 有助于中国经济的增长。‎ ‎18.As more of China’s growing legions of millionaires _______ acquire a taste for fine wine , their demand looks set to maintain the momentum of rising prices for some years to come.‎ A. require B. absorb C. acquire D. attain ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】acquire a taste for sth.喜欢，青睐。句意：随着越来越多的中国百万富翁对红酒的青睐，这种需求 基本上保证了未来几年红酒价格上涨的势头。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ ‎“Guys, get out of the mud! How many times do I have to tell you? ”I 　 1　 the words angrily. I felt myself recreating the 　 2　 words my parents had said to me so many times in the past, and I felt powerless to change my kids’ actions. A(n) 　 3　 thought came to me, one that comes to most 　 4　 at some point: “Am I becoming my father?”‎ We were on a short vacation, and my daughter and son were playing in the mud, splashing(溅)it with their boots, and 　 5　 the feeling. You know, one of those feelings that we adults are far too 　 6　 to enjoy anymore. It was the third and last day of our trip, and I’d been with the kids on a solo mission to northern Minnesota. My wife had stayed home to enjoy some 　 7　 time to rest. Taking care of kids alone was 　 8　 no easy task. And while we’d 　 9　 some great time on the trip, it didn’t feel too great at the moment. I was ‎ ‎　 10　 with something many fathers did with: a sense of 　 11　 with my kids, and a feeling I should control their 　 12　 . ‎ My son turned around to me and said, “Dad, relax! It’s OK!”I 　 13　 back at him, realizing he was right.‎ ‎　 14　 , the mud could be washed off. No lives were in 　 15　 . The only 　 16　 here was my desire to control them. ‎ I wanted to thank him for his 　 17　 . It’s useful to remember that our kids are not to be controlled. They should be guided and led, but not controlled. This desire to control can lead many fathers to an emotional ‎　 18　 with their kids. And while many fathers are clearly 　 19　 of this problem, they convince themselves that it can’ t be helped. ‎ The truth is that it can be helped, and fathers can 　 20　 the relationship they have with their kids. ‎ 语篇解读：作者无意中因为一件小事对孩子发脾气，事后作者开始反思自己对孩子教育的方式，最后意识到对孩子的教育不是控制而是需要引导。‎ ‎1.A. picked out B. figured out C. spilled out D. complained about ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】从下文中的angrily可知，此处指作者恼怒地脱口而出。spill out在这里表示突然说出，脱口而出。‎ ‎2.A. valuable B. powerful C. unforgettable D. same ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】由空前的recreating和空后的my parents had said to me so many times in the past可知，此处表示作者发现自己在重复过去父母对自己说过的相同的(same)话。‎ ‎3.A. alarming B. inspiring C. amusing D. interesting ‎【答案】A ‎4.A. educators B. travelers C. fathers D. drivers ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】由下文中多次出现的father和fathers可知，此处应填fathers。‎ ‎5.A. expressing B. enjoying C. exploring D. describing ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据上下文语境可知，此处表示孩子们享受(enjoying)这种感觉。‎ ‎6.A. familiar B. skilled C. mature D. corrupted ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】此处表示大人由于过于成熟，没有了童心，因此享受不到这种快乐。‎ ‎7.A. relaxed B. precious C. meaningful D. remaining ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据上下文语境可知，作者一个人带着两个孩子，妻子在家享受休息时光，故这里用relaxed最合适。‎ ‎8.A. absolutely B. similarly C. additionally D. gradually ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】一个人带孩子绝对不是件容易的事。从下文的didn’t feel too great可知，空处用来加强语气，故选absolutely。‎ ‎9.A. suffered B. experienced C. encountered D. counted ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】尽管我们已经经历了(experienced)一些美好的时光，但此时此刻作者感觉并不美好。‎ ‎10.A. agreeing B. combining C. comparing D. struggling ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】这里表示作者正如许多父亲一样在努力应付一件事情。struggle在此处表示作出极大的努力。‎ ‎11.A. impatience B. embarrassment C. satisfaction D. expression ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】对应上文中的angrily及作者对孩子说的话，此处表示作者对孩子缺乏耐心(impatience)。‎ ‎12.A. behavior B. direction C. routine D. emotion ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】作者觉得自己应该控制孩子们的行为(behavior)，即约束孩子们不要在泥中玩耍。‎ ‎13.A. shouted B. glared C. dashed D. looked ‎【答案】D ‎14.A. However B. Indeed C. Therefore D. Otherwise ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据上下文语境，此处表示作者意识到泥的确(Indeed)可以被洗掉，且在泥中玩耍并没有生命危险。‎ ‎15.A. vain B. doubt C. danger D. shape ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】参见上题解析。in danger意为处于危险之中。‎ ‎16.A. chance B. problem C. method D. choice ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此处表示孩子们的行为没有问题，唯一的问题(problem)是作者想要控制孩子们的行为的这种欲望。‎ ‎17.A. confidence B. response C. education D. concern ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】是孩子的回答(response)提醒了自己，因此作者很感激孩子。‎ ‎18.A. association B. argument C. communication D. disconnection ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】控制孩子的欲望会导致父亲与孩子之间的疏远。disconnection分离，疏远。‎ ‎19.A. afraid B. ashamed C. aware D. careful ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】尽管许多父亲清楚地意识到(aware)这一点，但他们却说服自己这是没办法的。‎ ‎20.A. build B. destroy C. change D. protect ‎【答案】C 四、短文改错。‎ Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact，this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to solve this problem.‎ First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)．Besides，punishments，such as a fine，is necessary to tourists with so bad behavior. Also，I think it's helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.‎ I'm sure with our efforts，more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public by writing on the Great Wall.In fact，this happens in many of interest.I some suggestions to solve this problem.‎ First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)．Besides，punishments，such as a fine， necessary to tourists with bad behavior. Also，I think it's to put up some boards along the tourist attractions tourists can leave ‎ messages.‎ I'm sure with our efforts，more and more people will become about protecting cultural relics.‎ 第一处：angry→anger。考查名词。形容词public修饰名词，故用名词形式。‎ 第二处：删除fact前的the。考查固定搭配。in fact为固定搭配，意为“事实上”，the多余。‎ 第三处：place→places。考查名词的数。根据该句中的many可知，名词place应当用复数形式。‎ 第四处：had→have。考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句陈述的是目前的情况，故用一般现在时。‎ 第五处：public后加of/about。考查介词。inform sb.of/about sth.为固定搭配，表示“通知某人某事”。‎ 第六处：is→are。考查主谓一致。该句主语为复数名词punishments，故系动词用复数形式are。‎ 第七处：so→such。考查限定词。该句中behavior为不可数名词，只能用such修饰。so用于“so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词”结构。‎ 第八处：helpfully→helpful。考查形容词。is为系动词，后接形容词作表语。‎ 第九处：that→where。考查定语从句的关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为boards，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。‎ 第十处：concerning→concerned。考查固定搭配。be/become concerned about为固定短语，意为“关注……”。‎