人教高考英语一轮练习题必修5U4含答案 7页

‎2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：必修5U4含答案 一、阅读理解。‎ Don’t have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in nonfiction books，here are good choices for you.‎ A Room of One’s Own This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In it，Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing.Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”. While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.‎ The Art of War Written by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略) in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions. For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership.‎ Letter to My Daughter This book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had”—the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship.‎ A Brief History of Time If you’re short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of time？This book，first published in 2019 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mindbending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how. Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。‎ ‎1．What can we learn about the four books?‎ A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.‎ B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.‎ C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders.‎ D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While on its...between sexes.”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。more than意思是“不仅仅”。‎ ‎2．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．As a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing.‎ B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.‎ C．The book by Sun Zi is helpful in policymaking.‎ D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Art of War...to fight a war”可知，The Art of War对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。‎ ‎3．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To make comparisons between the four books.‎ B．To recommend the four books to readers.‎ C．To make comments on the four books.‎ D．To promote sales of the four books.‎ B　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段可知，写作本文的目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．It is necessary that we keep the young generation (inform) of the current affairs.‎ 答案：informed ‎2．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up (accuse) of causing her injury.‎ 答案：being accused ‎3．Don’t defend him any more. It’s obvious that he (deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.‎ 答案：deliberately ‎4． (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English ‎ school.‎ 答案：To acquire ‎5．It is every citizen’s demand that the murderer who killed three children (punish)．‎ 答案：(should) be punished ‎6．The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, (depend) on your different answers.‎ 答案：depending ‎7．The diligent man is (achieve) his goal, because he spares no effort to do the best for every detail.‎ 答案：to achieve ‎8．(2019·银川质检)My parents didn’t approve my leaving school this year and I had to accept it.‎ 答案：of ‎9．You should get down to your study from now on. Please concentrate what is of great importance for your future development.‎ 答案：on ‎10．What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You are supposed (be) asleep.‎ 答案：to be 三、完形填空。‎ When I was just out of college，I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock(证券)Exchange.‎ Though it was a proud __1__，the job was simply too physically __2__—I must stand in a crowd every day，which often __3__ me in a mindset(思维模式)that held me back.‎ Manhattan is a walking town and it's difficult to __4__ when you have a disability.Taxies are expensive and riding the subway __5__ dozens of steep steps to get below the __6__.This left me only one __7__—the bus.‎ One night，after the __8__ for my job，I was aching with selfpity __9__ it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more __10__ without an umbrella，thinking I'd never __11__ it in this city and telling myself，“this city is just too hard” and “maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me”．‎ And then，I __12__ the most beautiful，short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates，hand __13__ hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the __14__ as an opportunity and romance.‎ I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I __15__ have missed this beauty __16__ if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This，although __17__，was an important moment on my journey to discover the __18__ of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset，__19__ for a moment，to what is possible and work to get rid of the selflimiting beliefs that __20__ my daily actions，I will be on the road to a healthier，happier life.‎ ‎1．A.adjustment B．achievement C．agreement D．treatment ‎2．A.tiring B．boring C．relaxing D．disappointing ‎3．A.reminded B．expected C．took D．left ‎4．A.go up B．get around C．set off D．show up ‎5．A.requests B．supports C．requires D．surrounds ‎6．A.ground B．street C．town D．city ‎7．A.change B．chance C．idea D．choice ‎8．A.struggle B．work C．experience D．influence ‎9．A.before B．while C．when D．after ‎10．A.nervous B．curious C．scared D．upset ‎11．A.get B．make C．put D．watch ‎12．A.recalled B．observed C．witnessed D．realized ‎13．A.on B．by C．to D．in ‎14．A.rain B．tree C．wind D．cloud ‎15．A.shall B．would C．need D．must ‎16．A.exactly B．instantly C．entirely D．suddenly ‎17．A.strange B．small C．normal D．different ‎18．A.humor B．honesty C．power D．principle ‎19．A.still B．yet C．also D．even ‎20．A.affect B．follow C．forbid D．harm ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者工作很累，回家路上遇到下雨，心情沮丧。当看到一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面，作者感觉到改变自己的思维模式会使自己走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路。文章告诉我们改变思维模式的重要性。‎ ‎【核心词汇】go up上升　get around四处走动 set off出发　show up出现，到场 ‎1．B　根据第一段中的“I managed to get my dream job”可知，作者毕业后找到了自己理想的工作，这份工作应是作者引以为傲的成就，故选B项，achievement意为“成就”。adjustment“调节”；agreement“同意，一致”；treatment“治疗，对待”。‎ ‎2．A　根据本句中的“I must stand in a crowd every day”可推知，这份工作是劳累的，故选A项，tiring意为“累人的，令人疲倦的”。relaxing“令人放松的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。‎ ‎3．D　根据语境可知“我每天都必须站在人群中，这常常让我有想退缩的思维模式”。“leave＋sh.＋宾补”表示“让某人……”，故选D项。remind“提醒”；expect“预期”。‎ ‎4．B　根据上文的“Manhattan is a walking town”可知，曼哈顿是一个步行商业区，所以你有残疾的话是很难四处走动(get around)的。go up“上升”；set off“出发”；show up“出现，到场”。‎ ‎5．C　根据语境可知，出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要(requires)走下几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。request“请求”；support“支持”；surround“围绕”。‎ ‎6．A　根据本句中的“the subway”以及常识可知，人们在地面(ground)下乘坐地铁，故选A项。‎ ‎7．D　句意：这让我只有一种选择——公共汽车。根据上文提到的交通方式都不适合作者可知，此处表示作者唯一的选择(choice)。‎ ‎8．A　句意：一天晚上，在为我的工作苦苦奋斗后，我一直自怨自艾，当我走向公共汽车站的时候又下起了雨。根据语境可推知，此处是指在为工作奋斗(struggle)了一天之后。experience“经历”；influence“影响”。‎ ‎9．C　参见上题解析。when在此处表示“当……的时候”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．D　根据上文的“it started to rain”和空后的“without an umbrella”可知，下雨了，但是作者没有带伞，所以作者心情越来越沮丧(upset)。‎ ‎11．B　根据上文可知，没有雨伞，作者变得越来越沮丧，心想自己在这个城市里不会取得成功了。make it是固定短语，表示“达成目标，获得成功，做成某事”。‎ ‎12．C　句意：然后，我目睹了最美丽、最短暂的时刻。根据下文介绍的一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面可知，这是作者看到的。recall“召回，回想起”；observe“观察”；witness“目睹”；realize“认识到”。‎ ‎13．D　句意：一对夫妇穿着溜冰鞋，手拉着手，他们溜冰的时候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand“手拉手地”，是固定搭配，故选D项。‎ ‎14．A　根据上文的“it started to rain”和“They were all wet”可知，虽然他们身上都被淋湿了，但他们把雨(rain)当成是一个机会和一种浪漫。‎ ‎15．B　句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。根据句子结构可知，此处是由if引导的对过去的虚拟句，结构为“if＋主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should/would /could＋have＋过去分词”，所以选B项。‎ ‎16．C　根据语境可知，作者觉得如果乘坐其他交通工具就会完全错过这一幕，故选C项。exactly“正是，恰好”；instantly“立即，马上”；entirely“完全地”；suddenly“突然”。‎ ‎17．B　虽然这是生活中的一件小事，但却是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一个重要时刻。strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；small“小的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”，故选B项。‎ ‎18．C　根据语境可知，作者看到的这一幕给了作者力量。humor“幽默”；honesty“诚实，正直”；power“力量”；principle“原则”。‎ ‎19．D　句意：当我改变我的思维模式去做可能的事情，并努力摆脱那些影响我日常行为的自我限制的信念时，即使是片刻，我都将会走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路。根据句意可知，此处表示“即使”。still“仍然”；yet“还，然而”；also“也，而且”；even“即使”。‎ ‎20．A　根据语境可知，此处表示“影响(affect)我日常行为的自我限制的信念”。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．I can think of many cases that the media have a strong effect on young men. ‎ 答案：that →where ‎2．You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. ‎ 答案：去掉of ‎3．They decided to go on holiday for a week because all the tasks have been fulfilled ahead of the time. ‎ 答案：去掉time前的the ‎4．You can depend on that he will come to help you when needed. ‎ 答案：on后加it ‎5．(江西卷)Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. ‎ 答案：在before后加has 五、单元语法——倒装句 ‎1．(2019·广东执信中学期中)So difficult I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.‎ 答案：did ‎2．(2019·安徽安庆四校联考)—How was the weather then?‎ ‎—Hardly I stepped off the plane when it started to rain.‎ 答案：had ‎3．(2019·北京海淀区一模)Hard it is, the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road.‎ 答案：as/though ‎4．(2019·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)In front of our school (stand) a tower on whose top we can have a clear view of the lake.‎ 答案：stands ‎5．At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.‎ 答案：lies