高考预测—英语 4页

‎2007年高考预测—英语（2）‎ 英语替代高考考点回放及考点预测 高考回放 ‎1. If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.（06全国I）‎ A. so B. that C. it D. them ‎2．My most famous relative of all , who really left his mark on America , was Reb Sussel , my great-grandfather .（06江苏）‎ ‎ A．one B．the one C．he D．someone ‎ ‎3． is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.（06浙江）‎ ‎ A．As B．That C．This D．It ‎4．I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.（2006山东）‎ A. that B. it C. this D. you ‎ ‎5.---Who ealled me this morning when I was not?（2006福建）‎ ‎ ----A man ealling______Robert. A.his B.himself C.his D.不填 ‎6．As the busiest woman in Norton,she made_________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town..（2006湖南）‎ A.this B.that C.one D.it ‎8．My most famous relative of all , who really left his mark on America , was Reb Sussel , my great-grandfather .（2006江苏）‎ ‎ A．one B．the one C．he D．someone ‎ 解析：‎ ‎1. C 根据逻辑，可以把一句补充完整，“I don’t like working late into night（to finish the job）”，it指代“to finish the job”这件事。‎ ‎2.B the one 是前文my most famous relative of all的同位语。‎ ‎3.D it 在句中作主语，代替后面that引导的句子。‎ ‎4．B.代词。it指下文中要提到的事物。类似的还有: I hate it when he speaks with his mouth of food./ Like it when…/depend on it that…等.这个句子显然不能理解为宾语从句,if 引导的是状语从句,it 是代词做appreciate 的宾语。‎ ‎5．B．本题考查反身代词的用法。‎ ‎6．D，作形式宾语 ‎7．B the one替代前文的My most famous relative of all，作它的同位语。‎ 用法详解 ‎ 替代是一种避免重复的连接上下文的手段。在英语中主要有三种替代现象：名词性替代、动词性替代和分句性替代；同理，替代词也分为名词替代词、动词替代词和分句替代词。此外还有状语的替代。 ‎ 一、名词性替代 ‎ ‎ 用名词性替代词one (s), the same, the kind, the sort等所表示的替代现象叫做名词性替代。 ‎ ‎1.名词性替代词 ‎ ‎1)The child doesn’t like this book. Show him a more interesting one. (one = book) ‎ ‎2)His novel is a bad one for children. (one = novel) ‎ ‎2.某些不定代词 ‎ 在名词性替代中还可以用一些不定代词来替代。如all, both, some, any, enough, several, none, many, much, more, (the ) most, (a) few, another, the other, others, either等。如： ‎ ‎ I don't want any more food. I’ve had enough. ‎ ‎3.one 和 ones是最常见的替代词 ‎ ‎ one的复数形式是ones.one 和ones作为替代词只能用以替代可数名词， 不可用来替代不可数名词。如： ‎ ‎1）The grey horse is stronger than the black one. ‎ ‎2）The new design is much better than the old ones. ‎ ‎4.名词性物主代词mine，yours ‎ ‎ 名词性物主代词mine, yours等可用来代替my +名词，your +名词等，例如： ‎ ‎ “Whose is that coat?” “It’s mine.” ‎ 二、动词性替代 ‎ ‎ 用动词替代词do，do so等所表示的替代现象叫做动词性替代。 ‎ ‎1.谓语的替代形式 ‎ ‎ do是谓语的替代形式，有时态和人称的变化。如： ‎ ‎1）Some people like a shower after they have played tennis. Peter does, for example. ‎ ‎2）John speaks German as fluently as Mary does. ‎ ‎2．由do，so等组成的复合替代形式 ‎ ‎1）so +助动词+主语。如： ‎ ‎-----Mary will enter the university in September.‎ ‎----So will Joan.” ‎ ‎2）so +主语+助动词。如： ‎ ‎----I’ve been to Beijing.‎ ‎---- So you have. ‎ ‎ 注：这种结构中第二句的主语与第一句的主语是同一个人，否则应像“so +助动词+主语”的结构一样，主谓要倒装。 ‎ ‎3）主语+（助动词+）do + so如： ‎ ‎----Have you sent your plan to the committee? ‎ ‎-----I did so yesterday. ‎ ‎4）主语+（助动词+）do + that。如： ‎ ‎-----Do you know who broke the television set? ‎ ‎------I heard John did that. ‎ ‎5）主语+（助动词+）do + it。如： ‎ ‎-----My brother said he was going to send a letter of protest to the President.‎ ‎----I did it last week.” ‎ ‎ 注：如果上文表示否定意义而在简短反应中表示相同的看法时，则用“neither / nor +do +主语”。此时，do 不是动词替代词，而是助动词。例如： ‎ ‎ Mary didn’t like English, neither did her brother. ‎ ‎3.to代替整个动词不定式 ‎ ‎ 当某个动词不定式词组在句子中再次出现时，我们可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个动词不定式词组。如： ‎ ‎ 1）I went there because I wanted to. (=…because I wanted to go there.) ‎ ‎ 2）Perhaps I’ll go to Brazil this summer; I’d very much like to. ‎ ‎ 3）“Are you and Gillian getting married?” ”We hope to.” ‎ ‎ 4）I think he should get a job, but you can’t force him to if he’s not ready (to). ‎ ‎ 5）I don’t dance much now, but I used to a lot. ‎ ‎ 6）We’ll never leave home; he hasn’t got the courage (to). ‎ ‎ 注1：有时to可省略（尤其是在形容词和名词之后，见例4、6）。在某些动词（如try）之后也可省略to。如： ‎ ‎----Can you start the car?” ‎ ‎----Ok, I’ll try.- ‎ ‎ 注2：在want和would like之后，通常不能省略to。然而，当want或like 用于从句时（例如，在when, if, what, as之后），to常常省略。如： ‎ ‎ 1）Come when you want. ‎ ‎ 2）I’ve decided to do what I like. ‎ ‎ 3）Come and stay as long as you like. ‎ ‎ 三、分句性替代 ‎ ‎ 用分句替代词so或not替代整个分句的现象叫做分句性替代。如： ‎ ‎ Many people believe that there will be another world war before the end of the century. My father think so, but I believe not. ‎ ‎ 1．分句替代词so或not可替代that从句 ‎ ‎ so可用来替代肯定的that从句，not替代否定的that从句，它们常与I’m afraid, believe, expect, fear, guess, hope, suppose, think等词语搭配。例如： ‎ ‎ 1）“Have we got enough money?” “I think so.” ‎ ‎ 2）“We’re not going to be in time.” “No, I suppose not.” ‎ ‎ 2. so与not可用来代替if 后面的从句 ‎ ‎1)Are you free this evening? If so, come and have a drink with us. ‎ ‎2)Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish you would stay with me for a while. ‎ ‎ 3．用it, this, that, such作为替代词 ‎ ‎1)If you don’t work hard, you’ll regret it. (regret it = regret not working hard) ‎ ‎2)He was very tired. This explains why he went to bed early. ‎ ‎3)You’re trying to cut with the back of the knife; that’s a silly thing to do. ‎ ‎3)I may hurt your feelings, but such (= that) was certainly not my intention. ‎ ‎ 四、状语的替代 ‎ ‎ 1．时间状语的替代形式主要用副词then如：‎ We saw John at eight on Monday evening. We told him then that we could be coming to the party. ‎ ‎ 2．地点状语的替代形式主要用副词here和there如：‎ ‎ Mary is in London and John is there too. ‎ ‎ It和that有时也可以用作地点状语的替代形式，这种场合的it和that在句中作主语，并可同there交换使用，谓语动词是联系动词。如：‎ ‎ They sat right in front of the stage. That / it / There was where the noise was greatest. ‎ ‎ 3．方式状语的替代形式用in that way和like that如：‎ ‎ “She plays the piano with great concentration and with great energy.” “I’m afraid she doesn’t study like that.” ‎ 考题预测 ‎1．I was given three books on cooking, the first I really enjoyed.‎ ‎ A．of that B．of which C．that D．which ‎2.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town..（06湖南）‎ A. this B. that C. one D. it ‎3. I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.（06山东）‎ A. that B. it C. this D. you ‎ ‎4. We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found _________ we like yet.（05浙江）‎ ‎ A．one B．ones C．it D．them ‎ ‎5.--- Steven has got the first prize in the maths contest. --- ______ is no wonder that he looks so happy today. A. As B. It C. This D. That 6.--- I hear you’ve written another novel. --- Yes. _______ be out in a month or two. A. That can B. One may C. It should D. The one will 7. As they are retired, Mr and Mrs Scott prefer a house in the country to spend their late years to _____ in a large city. A.like B.it C.one D.that 8--- I saw no more than one MP3 player in that shop. Shall we go and buy_______? ---No. I suggest that we find _____ in other shops. A.it; one B.one; one C.it; it D.the one; it ‎ 解析：‎ ‎1.B 这是一个of提前的非限制性的定语从句，which指代前文的three books。‎ ‎2.Dit作形式宾语,替代后边的动词不定式。‎ ‎3.B.代词。it指下文中要提到的事物。类似的还有: I hate it when he speaks with his mouth of food./ Like it when…/depend on it that…等.这个句子显然不能理解为宾语从句,if 引导的是状语从句,it 是代词做appreciate 的宾语。‎ ‎4.A 考查代词。用"one”来代替不特指的单数名词“a house”。“ones”代替的是复数名词。‎ ‎5. BIt is no wonder that句型，句意为：难怪他今天看起来如此高兴。 6.C本句用it指代上文提到的another novel，用情态动词should/ought to表示推测与判断，“理应，应该”。 7． C。 8. A考查代词的用法。根据语境，第一空用it指代前面提到的“只有一个MP3播放器”，第二空用one表示“到其他商店找一个”。 山东省平邑县保太中学（273300）沈月军（0539--3182833）‎