2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题八 时态和语态（+阅读理解+短文改错+书面表达）优选习题 8页

专题八　时态和语态(+阅读理解+短文改错+书面表达)‎ A级　基础过关 Ⅰ.单句填空 ‎1.(2018山东青岛二模)Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings,which Yang has fallen in love with,　　　　　　(appear) in the Ming Dynasty. ‎ 答案appeared ‎2.(2018河北唐山三模)A live-action remake of the 1998 film 　　　　　　(expect) to hit theaters in 2019. ‎ 答案is expected ‎3.(2018浙江温州适应性测试)Indoor plants add color and warmth to the home.Many houseplants 　　　　　　(be) easy to grow,but they must be given appropriate care. ‎ 答案are ‎4.(2018河南新乡二模)Like music,dance and painting,eating is also an art in China and Chinese cuisine 　　　　　　(list) as one of the top in the field of world cuisines. ‎ 答案is listed ‎5.(2018贵州贵阳二模)Hans’ idea 　　　　　　(praise) and many reporters wrote about it.Therefore,Hans’ products quickly became famous. ‎ 答案was praised ‎6.Nonaka grew up in a large family and 　　　　　　(succeed) his parents running the inn. ‎ 答案succeeded ‎7.(2018辽宁沈阳二模)The lion 　　　　　　(regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. ‎ 8‎ 答案is regarded ‎8.(2018四川高三联合诊断)Early the next day,however,he 　　　　　　(awaken) by the sound of a ship approaching. ‎ 答案was awakened ‎9.Jane Foster was out shopping when some wedding photos in the window of an antique shop　　　　　　(catch) her eyes. ‎ 答案caught ‎10.Though the interview 　　　　　(go) well,it was impressed on him again that compared with the other candidates he didn’t have the ability to get the job. ‎ 答案went Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.(2018山东威海二模)Ancient China was a backward agricultural country that badly rely on abundant rainfall.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案rely→relied ‎2.(2018山西大同、阳泉5月联考)They are seldom delaying and can guarantee the safety of travelers.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案delaying→delayed ‎3.I forgot to tell you I have been there with my brother before.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案have→had ‎4.He said he will come to our party,but he hasn’t turned up.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案will→would ‎5.From the childhood,we knew that the earth moved around the sun.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案moved→moves ‎6.He had worked in a factory for three years,but now he is a teacher.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案去掉had ‎7.When in high school,the library was opened every weekend,and all of us could read whatever we liked there.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案去掉was ‎8.Don’t make noises—the news is broadcasted.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案is后面加being 8‎ ‎9.I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my further education.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案have后面加been ‎10.There was a time when I caught in the sadness of not passing an important exam.‎ ‎ ‎ 答案caught前面加was B级　能力提升 Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018湖北八校第二次联考)‎ Everyone should be so lucky as to have a friend like Francia Raisa.On Thursday,singer and actress Selena Gomez,25,used Instagram to explain why she was“laying low” this summer.She posted a photo of herself in a hospital bed with her friend Francia Raisa holding hands.She said she recently received a kidney transplant from her best friend because of complications(并发症) from lupus(狼疮),an autoimmune disease,which means it is the result of the immune system attacking normal tissue,including the kidneys,brain,heart and lungs.‎ People with lupus may first experience tiredness,joint pain or a little bit of rash(皮疹) on their bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious.Many people see two or four doctors before the real problem is picked up.According to Dr.Kyriakos Kirou,roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease,and up to one in five of them will eventually need a transplant,sometimes because they weren’t treated with effective drugs to prevent the immune system from attacking the kidneys.Though Gomez said that she was “very well now,” she warned about the dangers of not taking medical diagnoses seriously,like she initially did.‎ Her Instagram post also called attention to two major health topics:the need for living organ donators and the fact that Gomez represents three groups more likely to be diagnosed with lupus and lupus-related kidney disease.Nine out of 10 people diagnosed with lupus are women,and most develop the disease between the ages of 15 to 44.And lupus is two to three times more common among women of color,including Hispanic women,according to the Lupus Foundation.‎ Raisa is Latina,and Gomez’s father is of Mexican origin.While it’s not essential that the organ donator and receiver be of the same ethnicity(种族),people who share a similar background sometimes are better matched,according to data from the United Network for Organ Sharing.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要讲了狼疮是一种在初期很难识别的疾病,并有一部分狼疮患者发展成肾病,严重的需要肾部移植。‎ 8‎ ‎1.What can we learn about Francia Raisa?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.She is lucky. B.She is selfless.‎ C.She is optimistic. D.She is encouraging.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“She said she recently received a kidney transplant from her best friend because of complications(并发症) from lupus(狼疮),an autoimmune disease,which means it is the result of the immune system attacking normal tissue,including the kidneys,brain,heart and lungs.”可知,她的朋友Francia Raisa很无私。故选B项。‎ ‎2.What is lupus like at its early stage?‎ A.It is deadly.‎ B.It is hard to recognize.‎ C.Its symptoms are psychological.‎ D.It reminds you of a kidney disease.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“People with lupus may first experience tiredness,joint pain or a little bit of rash(皮疹) on their bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious.”可知,狼疮在初期很难被识别。故选B项。‎ ‎3.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A.People with lupus.‎ B.Colored women lupus patients.‎ C.Lupus patients with kidney disease.‎ D.Women between the ages of 15 to 44.‎ 答案C 解析词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“According to Dr.Kyriakos Kirou,roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease,and up to one in five of them will eventually need a transplant,sometimes because they weren’t treated with effective drugs to prevent the immune system from attacking the kidneys.”可知,them指代前句中的people with lupus develop kidney disease。故选C项。‎ ‎4.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A.Raisa and Gomez have a similar background.‎ B.Gomez has fully recovered thanks to the kidney from Raisa.‎ C.It is vital for the donator and receiver to be of the same race.‎ D.The organ from the donator of the same race matches the receiver better.‎ 答案D 8‎ 解析段落大意题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,本段主要写来自同一种族的供体器官接收者匹配更好。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2018天津部分区质量调查一)‎ Playing a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing in old age,a Canadian study suggests.The study,published in Psychology and Aging,carried out hearing tests on 74 adult musicians and 89 non-musicians.It found a 70-year-old musician’s hearing was as good as that of a 50-year-old who did not play.‎ Hearing normally declines as people age.By 60,10—30% of people have moderate hearing loss.By 80,that goes up to as many as 60%.Problems are particularly seen in the central auditory(听觉的) processing system,which is associated with understanding speech,especially when there is background noise.‎ Previous studies have shown musicians have better hearing than non-players.But this research,by a team at the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto,looked at adults of all ages—from 18 to 91—to see how people were affected as they aged.They carried out hearing tests on 74 amateur and professional musicians (who had played since the age of 16,were still practising and had been given formal music lessons) and 89 non-musicians (who had never played an instrument).Musicians were significantly better at picking out speech against noise.‎ The researchers suggest that lifelong musicianship reduces age-related changes in the brain,probably due to musicians using their auditory systems at a high level on a regular basis.‎ The head of biomedical research at Action on Hearing Loss,Dr.Ralph Holme,said:“While this study suggests that musicians might be more able to cope with the consequences of hearing loss,it is far better to reduce damage in the first place by using appropriate ear protection.We have always campaigned for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud music to wear hearing protection,like earplugs,which reduce the risk of damaging your hearing permanently.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要告诉人们一项新的研究,听力会随着年龄而衰退,所以要正确地保护听力。‎ ‎5.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ A.A person aged 80 will lose 30% hearing.‎ B.A person aged above 60 must have bad hearing.‎ C.People have fewer problems with background noise.‎ D.People’s hearing usually becomes worse when they get older.‎ 答案D 8‎ 解析段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Hearing normally declines as people age.Problems are particularly seen in the central auditory (听觉的) processing system,which is associated with understanding speech,especially when there is background noise.”可知,人们的听力通常会随着年龄的增长而变得更糟。故选D项。‎ ‎6.What can we get from the Canadian study?‎ A.It tested the hearing of 162 people.‎ B.The finding of the study wasn’t published publicly.‎ C.Playing a musical instrument may do good to hearing.‎ D.Musicians were as good at picking out speech against noise as non-musicians.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Playing a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing in old age,a Canadian study suggests.”可知,演奏一种乐器有利于听力。故选C项。‎ ‎7.Why don’t musicians change much in their brain as they age?‎ A.They like to take more exercise.‎ B.They use their hearing more and regularly.‎ C.They don’t expose themselves to background noise.‎ D.They pay more attention to protecting their hearing.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers suggest that lifelong musicianship reduces age-related changes in the brain,probably due to musicians using their auditory systems at a high level on a regular basis.”可知,音乐家的大脑没有很大的改变是因为他们经常有规律地使用他们的听力。故选B项。‎ ‎8.How can we deal with hearing loss according to Dr.Ralph Holme?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.Get help from musicians. B.Listen to loud music less.‎ C.Protect hearing properly. D.Play a musical instrument more.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“it is far better to reduce damage in the first place by using appropriate ear protection.We have always campaingned for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud music to wear hearing protection,like earplugs,which reduce the risk of damaging your hearing permanently.”可知,要正确地保护听力。故选C项。‎ ‎9.The author wrote the passage to 　　　. ‎ A.entertain the readers B.advertise a musical instrument C.complain about people’s hearing loss D.inform readers of a research on hearing 8‎ 答案D 解析写作意图题。本文告诉人们一项新的研究,听力会随着年龄而衰退,所以要正确地保护听力。故选D项。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2018河南濮阳三模)‎ I don’t remember exact how old I was when I began to ride a bike.I only remembered how I practiced riding a bike in 1980s.When I first successfully rode a bike,that remains a vivid memory,my brother helped me with holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding.“Wow,I did it!”,cried I,as soon as he noticed I was riding without his hands hold it!I learnt quickly,and soon,even though my feet were not touching the ground,but I was able to cycle around six kilometer a day to school!It’s so lovely to remember which happened at that time.‎ 答案 I don’t remember how old I was when I began to ride a bike.I only how I practiced riding a bike in 1980s.When I first successfully rode a bike, remains a vivid memory,my brother helped me holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding.“Wow,I did it!” cried I,as soon as noticed I was riding without his hands it!I learnt quickly,and soon,even though my feet were not touching the ground,‎ but ‎ I was able to cycle around six a day to school!It’s so lovely to remember happened at that time.‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2018湖北宜昌4月调研)‎ 假定你是李华,收到美国朋友Annie的邮件,以下是邮件内容:‎ 8‎ Dear Li Hua,‎ How are you doing these days?‎ I am so interested in traditional Chinese culture that I am trying to look for some relevant books to gain more insight into it,but I have difficulty finding a suitable one.Would you please give me a piece of advice?‎ Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.‎ Yours,‎ Annie 请给Annie回一封邮件,内容包括:‎ ‎1.感谢她的信任;‎ ‎2.回应她的请求;‎ ‎3.说明你的理由。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Annie,‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文 Dear Annie,‎ In response to your keen interest in traditional Chinese culture,here comes my favorite book The Art of War.‎ Viewed as a masterpiece of the ancient Chinese military classic,the book was originally intended to manage conflicts and focus on fighting strategies on the battlefield,while today it has become as much a useful tool navigating our modern life as a war commanding art,giving us boundless inspiration and beneficial living philosophy we can live by.Great thoughts combined with shared wisdom have established its irreplaceable position in Chinese history,which,I think,will absolutely contribute to your better mastery of traditional Chinese culture.‎ Hopefully it may cater to your taste.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 8‎