2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（5）（含解析） 12页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（5）‎ 李仕才 A ‎＂I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat,’’ said the man at the petrol station. ‘‘Is it raining out there?’’ ‘‘No. it’s pretty nice,＂ I replied, checking my sleeve. ＂Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.＂‎ ‎ As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him.‎ ‎ The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist — heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite signs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移).‎ ‎ The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stopped from feeding on their mothers’ milk, and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.‎ ‎ Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near—disaster a few miles west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. ＂Hello!＂ I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry. about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.‎ ‎ Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially—troubled elements.‎ 12‎ ‎1.Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies?‎ A. To protect the tourists from being bitten. ‎ B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station.‎ C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger. ‎ D. To prevent the ponies from fighting.‎ ‎2.One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is _________.‎ A. to feed baby ponies on milk ‎ B. to control the number of ponies C. to expand the habitat for ponies ‎ D. to sell the ponies at a good price ‎3.What was the author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back?‎ A. He freed it from the trap. ‎ B. He called a protection officer.‎ C. He worried about it very much. ‎ D. He thought of it as being naughty.‎ ‎4.What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor’s ponies?‎ A. It lacks people’s involvement. ‎ B. It costs a large amount of money.‎ C. It will affect tourism in Dartmoor. ‎ D. It has caused an imbalance of species.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容＂The purpose of a pony drift is to …Some of them are also…, in order to limit the number of ponies…＂可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的＂…, assuming he was just rolling for 12‎ ‎ fun,…＂可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句＂Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially-troubled elements.＂可知保护马驹对Dartmoor来说是最费钱的事情之一。故选B项。‎ B ‎(2015·河北衡水中学高三第二次模拟考试)‎ The last time I saw him was 12 years ago. Twelve years has passed, and I still remember eating pomegranates(石榴) while his thin hands combed through my hair. To this day, I still remember stories my grandfather used to tell me. As a child living in Korea, my grandfather was my closest friend, the man I spent every day with and depended on for back rides. We were inseparable from the moment we awoke until I fell asleep in his arms. I ate the food he prepared，and he was my pillow and storyteller. Little did we know that a day would come when his first granddaughter would leave. My father was to be stationed in the United States and time would blur(使……变模糊) our images of each other.‎ On the summer of my sixteenth birthday, I would see my grandfather again. On the plane，thoughts of him ran through my mind during all 14 hours of the flight. Would he look the same？Would he be healthy? Did he still have the pictures I drew for him? Most importantly, would he remember me? I was short then and always smiling. He dressed me. Twelve years later and I was taller, had a different figure. I picked out my own outfits and had my own sense of style. I was scared he wouldn’t recognize I was his granddaughter.‎ 12‎ I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather’s house, where we found him pacing back and forth, awaiting my arrival. He looked the same, and as soon as I stepped out of the car and faced him, I began to cry. He ran toward me. “Tina！” My grandfather kept yelling. We met each other with open arms and he whispered, “I’ve been waiting for my granddaughter to come home. I missed you, my little Tina. Welcome home.” Our eyes filled with tears as we walked up the stairs, arm in arm, telling each other all the events we had missed in each other’s life. He did remember. After all, I am his first granddaughter.‎ ‎1．It can be inferred that in childhood the author always ________．‎ A．ate the food her grandmother prepared B．remembered the stories her grandmother told C．rode on her grandfather’s back D．got on well with her father ‎2．How old was the author when she left her grandfather?‎ A．About 12 years old.　　　 B．About 6 years old.‎ C．About 4 years old. D．About 2 years old.‎ ‎3．Why did the author think her grandfather probably would not make her out?‎ A．Because her grandfather was forgetful. ‎ B．Because she was already a “big girl”．‎ C．Because she was already an American. ‎ D．Because her grandfather was too old.‎ ‎4．The author met her grandfather ________．‎ 12‎ A．in the airport B．by herself ‎ C．with her parents D．with her relatives ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小生活在爷爷身边，四岁时随父亲到美国定居，十二年后再次回去见爷爷，一路上总是担心爷爷认不出自己，但没想到一下车爷爷就认出了“我”。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“As a child living in Korea，my grandfather was my closest friend，the man I spent every day with and depended on for back rides.”可知，“我”每天都和爷爷在一起，骑在他背上玩耍。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“The last time I saw him was 12 years ago.”可知，“我”最后一次见到爷爷是十二年前；根据第二段第一句“On the summer of my sixteenth birthday，I would see my grandfather again.”可知，十六岁生日的那年夏天“我”再次见到了爷爷；由此可推知，作者是在四岁的时候离开爷爷的。故答案选C。‎ ‎3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was short then and always smiling.He dressed me.Twelve years later and I was taller，had a different figure.I picked out my own outfits and had my own sense of style.”可知，十二年后，“我”长高了，形象不一样了，所以担心爷爷认不出“我”。故答案选B。‎ ‎4．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather’s house”可知，作者是和亲戚一块去见爷爷的。故答案选D。‎ C Mr Peter Johnson，aged twentythree，battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.He took the only escape route—through the boot.‎ Mr Johnson’s car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.“Fortunately，the water began to come in only slowly，” Mr Johnson said.“I couldn’t force the doors open because they were jammed against the wails of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water 12‎ ‎ would come flooding in.”‎ Mr Johnson，a sweet salesman of Sitting Home，Kent，first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn (笛) and hammering on the roof and boot.Then he began his struggle to escape.‎ Later he said，“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear，but no help came.”‎ It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat，and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot.Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had.Finally_it_gave，but as soon as I moved the boot lid，the water and mud poured in.I forced the lid down into the mud and climbed up clear as the car filled up.”‎ His hands and arms cut and bruised，Mr Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby.Huddled in a blanket，he said，“That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible，police said last night.The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.‎ ‎1．Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr Johnson?‎ A．The hammer.　 B．The coin.‎ C．The seat.　 D．The horn.‎ ‎2．We know from the passage that________.‎ A．Mr Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down B．Mr Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road C．Mr Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat D．Mr Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam ‎3．“Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that________.‎ A．at last the wrench went broken B．the chance was lost at the last minute C．the lock came open after all his efforts D．luckily the door was torn away in the end ‎4．What is the best title for this newspaper article?‎ A．Driver Escapes through Car Boot B．The Story of Mr Johnson，a Sweet Salesman C．The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident D．Car Boot Can Serve as the ‎Best Escape Route 12‎ ‎【参考答案】阅读理解 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Mr Johnson在自己的车意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事。‎ ‎1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段Mr Johnson所说的话“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket”可知，是一枚硬币(coin)救了他的命，硬币对他极其重要。‎ 答案：　B2．解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Mr Johnson’s car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑导致了这起事故。‎ 答案：　B ‎3．解析：　句意理解题。根据第五段第二句“Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.”可知，文中画线的it指的是“the boot lock”，此处指他打开了锁。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．解析：　标题概括题。根据对文章的整体理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要讲的是一位司机在意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故选A项。‎ 答案：　A D ‎(2015·河南豫北、豫东十所名校联考)‎ The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two choices are natural gas and electricpowered stoves.‎ The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.Most of the deaths are in developing countries. To help fight the problem, the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.‎ The WHO’s plan of action for reducing indoor pollutants is based on new findings, which show that the use of toxic(有毒的) fuels in inefficient stoves, space heaters or lights is to blame for many of these deaths.‎ 12‎ Carlos Dora, an official in the WHO, says people should not use unprocessed coal indoors.He says, “Opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. You can’t expect that a bit of ventilation(通风) is going to get rid of this. It is really about clean technologies and clean fuels. And, the fuel story has not been stressed enough so far in the global debate. So, that is the new thing. We should be going for clean fuels, avoiding coal and going for the solar.”‎ WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease and childhood lung cancer. These diseases can often result from high levels of fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) released by the burning of solid fuels. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste, crop waste and charcoal. Women and girls are the main victims.‎ The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in subSaharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.‎ WHO experts note some new, safe and lowcost technologies that could help are already available. But this is just a start. They are urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.‎ ‎1．The reason for indoor air pollution is ________．‎ A．still unknown B．the use of solar energy 12‎ C．the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves D．the frequent use of fuels in efficient stoves ‎2．Who may be the least affected by indoor air pollution?‎ A．Children in China.‎ B．Men in Europe.‎ C．Girls in subSaharan Africa.‎ D．Women in Latin American countries.‎ ‎3．Solutions to the indoor air pollution problem include ________．‎ ‎①going for animal waste and coal ‎②using clean fuels ‎③increasing access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances ‎④opening a window or door to let out the harmful air A．①④ B．①③‎ C．②③ D．②④‎ ‎4．What’s the main idea of this passage?‎ A．Health is very important to people in developing countries.‎ B．People in developing countries are dying from air pollution.‎ C．People in developing countries know too little about science and technology.‎ D．Proper cooking ways help reduce the deaths in developing countries.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇科普说明文。在室内使用固体燃料会使室内一氧化碳浓度升高，从而导致中毒死亡。为解决此问题，世界卫生组织建议在发展中国家增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备。‎ 12‎ ‎1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.”可知，世界卫生组织警告说，每年有数百万的人死于家里使用的危险燃料和烹调炉引起的室内空气污染。故C项正确。‎ ‎2．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Most of the deaths are in developing countries.”可知，绝大部分的死亡事故发生在发展中国家；根据倒数第二段最后一句“It says huge populations in India，China and Latin American countries...are also at risk.”可知，印度、中国以及拉丁美洲的一些国家污染严重；根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，女性是主要受害者，由此可推知，欧洲男子最不容易因室内空气污染而死亡。故B项正确；A、C、D三项都属于发展中国家的人，这些地区污染严重，故最可能因此而死亡。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据本文最后一句中的“increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances”可知，增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备是解决问题的方法之一，故排除A、D两项；根据第五段最后两句可知，室内污染主要来自于固体燃料的使用而导致的室内一氧化碳浓度升高，这些固体燃料包括煤炭，动物排泄物，木头等，所以①不在范围内，故排除B项。故C项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“The way we cook is important.”及第二段最后一句“To help fight the problem，the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了正确的烹饪方法将减轻发展中国家的室内污染，从而减少死亡事故的发生。故D项正确。‎ E ‎(2017·江西九江二模)‎ As I began my junior year of college, I began to think of plans after graduation. I knew that I wanted to work in the field of my major, public relations. But I also knew that it was difficult to find a position considering my inexperience. That was 12‎ ‎ when I decided to pursue an internship(实习工作)．‎ So I chose to talk to my advisor first. He had worked in the field of public relations for many years before he became a professor, and therefore had numerous contacts and associates in the field. After talking to him about a few of the positions, I decided to pursue the Cincinnati Fine Arts Fund because of my interest in the arts and the passion I would feel working for a nonprofit organization. I sent out a cover letter and a resume and was hired on the spot in the interview.‎ I soon began my position. After class on Tuesdays and Thursdays, I would drive to work and apply all the skills I was learning in the classroom. I was amazed at the amount of practical knowledge in class that was directly applicable to my internship position. It became a very useful and beneficial experience. Not only was I working for arts organizations and seeing my name printed on documents I had created, but also gaining confidence in my skills and myself.‎ As the semester came to a close, I finished my work with the Fine Arts Fund. Although I didn’t take away any money for the internship, I gained many different kinds of experience and the knowledge that I was capable of accomplishing professional tasks. And that kind of confidence was invaluable to me as I sat down to interview for my next internship.‎ ‎1．Why did the author seek an internship first before graduation?‎ A．Because he wanted to learn more from an internship.‎ B．Because he could make more money from an internship.‎ C．Because he was more interested in an internship.‎ D．Because he lacked work experience and skills.‎ ‎2．Why did the writer turn to his advisor for help first?‎ A．Because his advisor was working in the field.‎ B．Because his advisor could give him some help.‎ C．Because he got along well with his advisor.‎ D．Because he had common interests with his advisor.‎ ‎3．What helped him to adapt to his position quickly according to the author?‎ A．Suggestions from his advisor.‎ B．Money earned from the position.‎ C．Knowledge and skills from class.‎ D．Confidence in the interview.‎ ‎4．What did the author think of his internship?‎ 12‎ A．Rewarding.　　　　　 B．Boring.‎ C．Relaxing. D．Tiring.‎ ‎【解题导语】　作者上大三时就开始考虑自己的未来，考虑到实习经验在就业中的重要性，作者在导师的建议下找到了个实习岗位，尽管没有挣到钱，但是所积累的经验让作者感觉到很值得。‎ ‎1．D　解析：细节理解题。题干关键词为internship，题干中的seek对应原文中的pursue。根据第一段第三句中的it was difficult to find a position considering my inexperience 可知，考虑到自己经验不足，找份工作有点难，所以作者决定找一份实习的工作。故选D项。‎ ‎2．B　解析：推理判断题。由第二段的描述可知，作者找他的导师的原因有两个，其中之一是这位导师在公共关系领域经验丰富；再结合第一段的描述可知，作者自己缺乏经验，也就是说，他的导师可以帮助他。故选B项。‎ ‎3．C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的．..apply all the skills I was learning in the classroom. I was amazed at the amount of practical knowledge in class that was directly applicable to my internship position.可知，作者在课上所学到的知识和技能帮助他快速地适应了工作。故选C项。‎ ‎4．A　解析：推理判断题。在最后一段中，作者对自己的实习工作进行了总结：实习工作中虽然没挣到钱，但是积累了经验和知识，这对于自己的专业学习是很有帮助的。故选A项。‎ 12‎