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2014年版高考英语二轮分类练习题目15

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备战2014英语分类突破赢高考15‎ 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句,不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。‎ ‎1.不定式用来作目的状语:作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,这里往往译作“为了,想要”。‎ ‎(2009·辽宁卷)To be a winner,you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家,你要付出所有并竭尽全力。‎ ‎2.不定式用于so...as to ...,such...as to;enough to;too...to;only to等结构中作结果状语。‎ Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?‎ 你能不能行行好,借给我你的自行车?‎ He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。‎ He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out.‎ 他匆忙去了售票处,结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。‎ 专家提醒: “only+to do”表示出乎意料的结果,tell 和主语He 之间存在动宾关系,因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。‎ His parents died,leaving him an orphan.‎ 他的父母去世了,使他成为孤儿。‎ ‎1.(2010·江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting________.‎ A.to discover         B.to be discovered C.discovered    D.being discovered 解析: 句意为:很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此题空格处用不定式来表示目的,而且actors与discover之间为被动关系,所以B项为答案。‎ 答案: B ‎2.(2010·合肥第二次教学检测)—Why are the students working so hard these days.‎ ‎—________ready for the coming entrance examination.‎ A.To get    B.Get C.Getting    D.Got 解析: 考查非谓语动词。根据答语“为了即将来临的入学考试准备”可知,此句是省略句,不定式作状语,表示目的。‎ 答案: A ‎3.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)With Father’s Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank________presents for my dad.‎ A.buy    B.to buy C.buying    D.to have bought 解析: 句意为:父亲节就要到了,我已经从银行取了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看,本空在句中作目的状语,用不定式,因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。‎ 答案: B ‎1.过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语一样,修饰主句的谓语动词,意义上相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。‎ ‎(2009·江西卷)Given the right kind of training,these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.‎ 如果得到正确的训练,这些少年足球选手有朝一日可能成为国际明星。‎ ‎(2009·福建卷)Reminded not to miss the flight at 15∶20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.‎ 提醒不要错过15∶20的航班,他匆忙出发过了机场。‎ ‎2.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态,这样的词有:lost(迷路的),seated(坐),hidden(躲),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着),tired of(感到厌倦)等,不管它们作什么成分都不用其ing形式。‎ Lost in the mountains for a week,we were finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一个星期,我们最终被当地警察所救。‎ Absorbed in his book,he didn’t notice me enter the room.‎ 专心读书,他没注意到我进入房间。‎ ‎1.(2010·陕西卷)________from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.‎ A.Seen    B.Seeing C.Having seen    D.To see 解析: 句意为:从塔顶往下看,南边的山脚下是一片树的海洋。本题考查分词作状语。分词作状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语the south foot of the mountain 与see 在逻辑上为被动关系,四个选项中只有A项表被动。‎ 答案: A ‎2.(2010·杭州市第二次教学检测)________by a greater demand for green products,the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.‎ A.Driven    B.Being driven C.To drive    D.Having driven 解析: 考查非谓语动词。绿色食品的巨大需求使食品公司制订了更高的标准以保证质量。动词drive与其逻辑主语the food company 存在动宾关系,因此应该使用过去分词。‎ 答案: A ‎3.(2009·重庆卷)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace,________with his old one.‎ A.comparing     B.compares C.to compare    D.compared 解析: 句意为:和旧房子相比,Michael的新房子就像一座巨大的宫殿。compare与逻辑主语Michael’s new house之间构成被动关系。‎ 答案: D ‎1.动词的ing 短语作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。‎ Being ill,he couldn’t go to school.‎ 因为生病,他不能去上学。(原因)‎ My car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.‎ 我的车被交通拥挤堵住,所以延误了。(结果)‎ As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not moving,and asked myself what I was going to do.(伴随)‎ 当交通路灯变绿灯时,我站了一会儿,一动不动,自问要做什么事。‎ ‎2.现在分词有:一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作;完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作;完成被动式(having being done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。‎ Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.‎ 没有得到答复,他决定再写信去。‎ The old man,having worked abroad for twenty years,came back to his motherland.(work 与句子的主语The old man之间存在主谓关系,而且work这一动作发生在谓语动作之前)‎ 在国外工作了二十年,这位老人回到了祖国。‎ Having been scolded many times,he determined to study hard to catch up with others.‎ 多次被批评之后,他决定努力学习赶上他人。‎ ‎3.有一些固定结构,如:generally speaking,taking everything into consideration,judging from/by等,无论主语是什么都用这种形式作状语。‎ Taking everything into consideration,the result is better than expected.‎ 把一切因素考虑进去,结果比预料的要好。‎ Judging from what he said,he must be an honest man.‎ 从他说的话来判断,他一定是一位诚实的人。‎ ‎4.现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别:如果是意义上的主谓关系,一般用动词ing形式;如果是意义上的动宾关系,则一般用过去分词。‎ Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see 与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)‎ Seeing from the top of the hill,we find the park even more beautiful.‎ 从山顶上看,我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)‎ ‎1.(2010·湖南卷)Dina,________for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.‎ A.struggling    B.struggled C.having struggled    D.to struggle 解析: 句意为:几个月以来,Dina ‎ 一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作,最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除B项;不定式作状语一般表示目的,故排除D项;C项相当于:Dina had_struggled_for_months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于:Dina was_struggling_for_months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知,C项更符合要求,故为答案。‎ 答案: C ‎2.(2010·北京卷)________at my classmates’ faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.‎ A.Looking    B.Look C.To look    D.Looked 解析: 句意为:看着同学们的面孔,我从他们的眼中读出了同样的兴奋。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。look 是谓语动词形式,故排除;to look 通常表目的,在此不符合题意;look 与I构成逻辑上的主动关系,D项被排除。‎ 答案: A ‎3.(2010·海淀第二学期期末)________a written permission,he had to write another letter to the president of the university.‎ A.Not giving    B.Not having been given C.Having not given    D.Having not been given 解析: 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是句子的主语,非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系,且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经发生,故用过去分词或现在分词的完成被动式,选B。‎ 答案: B ‎1.现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。‎ There are two roads before us,one leading to the beach,the other to the park.‎ 在我们面前有两条路,一条通向沙滩,另一条通向公园。‎ ‎2.过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系,表示该动作的被动或完成。‎ ‎(2009·北京卷)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.‎ 早饭他只喝自己农场种植的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。‎ ‎3.动词不定式作定语多表示将来动作。‎ ‎(2009·山东卷)We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.‎ 我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的聚会。‎ ‎1.(2010·海南五校联考)I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours,for there are still some problems________.‎ A.remaining to settle    B.remaining to be settled C.remained to talk about    D.to remain to discuss 解析: 考查非谓语动词。此处是分词短语作后置定语,remain与problems 之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式;问题是亟待被解决,故应用to be settled。综上所述可知答案为B。‎ 答案: B ‎2.(2010·重庆卷)Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one________first is the library.‎ A.repaired    B.being repaired C.repairing    D.to be repaired 解析: 句意为:本市有许多建筑需要维修,但首先该维修的是图书馆。考查非谓语动词作定语。the one(building)与repair之间为被动关系,故排除C项;A项表已经完成;B项表正在进行;D项表将来。根据题意,正确答案为D项。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2010·北京卷)I’m calling to enquire about the position________in yesterday’s China Daily.‎ A.advertised    B.to be advertised C.advertising    D.having advertised 解析: 句意为:我打电话来是想询问一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘职位的情况。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。空格处部分作position 的定语,与position 在逻辑上是被动关系,根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”,表示被动及完成,故A项符合题意。‎ 答案: A ‎1.过去分词作宾语补足语:过去分词作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。‎ I’ll have my house painted tomorrow.‎ 明天我会让人把我的房子粉刷一下。(被动)‎ When I opened the door,I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.‎ 当我打开门时,我发现地面被落叶所覆盖。‎ ‎2.现在分词作宾语补足语:现在分词作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行的主动动作,即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。‎ ‎(2009·全国卷Ⅱ)They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们使用电脑使交通畅通无阻。‎ ‎1.(2010·湖南卷)Listen!Do you hear someone________for help?‎ A.calling   B.call C.to call   D.called 解析: 句意为:听!你听到有人正在求救吗?本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除D项;不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行,故排除C项;因为表示动作正在进行,故排除B项;现在分词calling 表主动且表正在进行,故为答案。‎ 答案: A ‎2.(2010·辽宁卷)Alexander tried to get his work________in the medical circles.‎ A.to recognize    B.recognizing C.recognize    D.recognized 解析: 句意为:Alexander 试图使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。get sth.done 表示使某事物被做,如get my hair cut 表示理发;get her finger burnt 表示她的手指被烧伤。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2011·哈尔滨检测)It’s wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt________with him.‎ A.to protected    B.protected C.protecting    D.to be protected 解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知felt 与protect 之间是被动关系,排除选项A和C;和父亲一起的徒步旅行已经结束,排除选项D。‎ 答案: B have,get 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。‎ ‎1.have sth.done=get sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)‎ I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.‎ 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。‎ Mr Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.‎ 史密斯先生在度假期间,他家的房子被别人破门而入。‎ 注意: have sb.doing 若用于否定句中,其中have 有“容忍”之意。‎ I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.‎ 我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。‎ ‎1.(2010·青岛二模)—Hurry up,Mary! It’s time to go.‎ ‎—I’m getting________.Have a little patience.‎ A.dress    B.dressing C.to dress    D.dressed 解析: 考查非谓语动词。get dressed是一个固定的词组,表示“穿衣服”。语意:——Mary,快点,我们该走了。——稍等下,我正在穿衣服呢。‎ 答案: D ‎2.(2010·山东卷)I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term.‎ A.completing   B.to complete C.completed    D.being completed 解析: 句意为:本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。考查非谓语动词作定语。have sth.to do有某事要做,to do的逻辑主语需和主句主语一致;当不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,可用have sth.to be done结构。‎ 答案: B ‎3.(2009·重庆卷)With the world changing fast,we have something new ________ with all by ourselves every day.‎ A.deal          B.dealt C.to deal    D.dealing 解析: 本题考查不定式作定语。句意为:随着世界的快速变化,我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。have something to deal,动词deal 逻辑上的主语是we,也就是句子的主语。‎ 答案: C ‎4.(2010·东城练习二)Every year,Tom remembers to have some flowers________to her mother on her birthday.‎ A.send    B.sent C.sending    D.being sent 解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。have something done表示某事被做。‎ 答案: B ‎1.(2010·四川卷)In many people’s opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant ________.‎ A.to deal with    B.dealing with C.to be dealt with    D.dealt with 解析: 句意为:许多人认为那家公司虽然相对比较小,但与之相处令人愉快。本题考查非谓语动词作主语补语。“主语+be+性质形容词+动词不定式”结构中,主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式需用及物动词形式,如:The work is very difficult to do.(do the work)This house is very comfortable to live in.(live in the house)本题中主语和不定式可构成的动宾关系为:deal with the company,所以A项正确。‎ 答案: A ‎2.(2010·上海卷)I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.‎ A.find    B.found C.to find    D.finding 解析: 句意为:在那个餐馆,我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing(做……有困难)是固定搭配,所以选D项。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2010·上海卷)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues________with her stories.‎ A.amused    B.amusing C.to amuse    D.to be amused 解析: 句意为:Lucy很有幽默感,总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除C、D,因为keep 后不用不定式作宾补。amused 觉得好笑的;amusing 逗人笑的,令人觉得好笑的。‎ 答案: A ‎4.(2010·浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.‎ A.being weighed    B.to weigh C.weighed    D.weighing 解析: 句意为:交通规则规定:四岁以下,体重不到40磅的小孩必须坐在安全的座位上。考查非谓语动词作后置定语。分析句子结构可知,空格处的内容和under the age of four 并列作young children 的后置定语,weigh“重量为……”此处为不及物动词,没有被动形式,故排除A和C两项;动词不定式作后置定语也需要用及物动词,B项也被排除。‎ 答案: D ‎5.(2010·辽宁卷)We were astonished ________the temple still in its original condition.‎ A.finding    B.to find ‎ C.find    D.to be found 解析: 句意为:发现那座寺庙依然是最初的面貌,我们很惊讶。本题考查不定式表示出乎意料的结果;另外be astonished to do也是常用的搭配,表示某人做某事的情绪,如:be pleased to see,be sorry to say等等。‎ 答案: B ‎6.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Mrs White showed her students some old maps________from the library.‎ A.to borrow    B.to be borrowed C.borrowed    D.borrowing 解析: 句意为:怀特老师把从图书馆借来的几张旧地图展示给学生看。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。the map和borrow之间是逻辑上的被动关系,而且表示已经发生的动作,因此用过去分词作定语。‎ 答案: C ‎7.(2010·陕西卷)His first book________next month is based on a true story.‎ A.published   B.to be published C.to publish   D.being published 解析: 句意为:他的第一本书下个月将出版,这本书基于一个真实的故事写成。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。book 与publish 在逻辑上为被动关系,故排除C项;A项表完成;B项表将来;D项表正在进行。根据时间状语next month 可知事情将要发生,故正确答案为B项。‎ 答案: B ‎8.(2010·江西卷)The lady walked around the shops,________an eye out for bargains.‎ A.keep    B.kept C.keeping    D.to keep 解析: 句意为:这位女士在商店周围闲逛,注意看有没有特价商品。本题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。因shops 后为逗号,所以后面的部分不应该是句子,不用谓语动词的形式,排除A项;D项为不定式,常表目的,用在此处不符合句意;keep 和其逻辑上的主语是主动关系,不用过去分词,排除B项。‎ 答案: C ‎9.(2010·福建卷)In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained________abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.‎ A.sticking     B.stuck C.to be stuck    D.to have stuck 解析: 句意为:四月,成千上万的度假者由于受到火山灰的影响,滞留在外。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。主语holidaymakers 与stick间为被动关系,排除A、D两项;remain+过去分词,表示状态;remain+be done 表示将来。综上所述,答案为B项。‎ 答案: B ‎10.(2010·山东卷)The living room is clean and tidy,with a dining table already________for a meal to be cooked.‎ A.laid    B.laying C.to lay     D.being laid 解析: 句意为:起居室既干净又整洁,餐桌已经摆好了。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。table 与lay 在逻辑上是被动关系,排除B项;从already 可以看出动作已经发生,故排除C、D两项;A项表示被动且完成,故为正确答案。‎ 答案: A ‎1. he scientist was rewarded by the government for________such a great contribution to the country.‎ A.make    B.making C.being made    D.having made 解析: 考查非谓语动词。在介词for的后面要用动名词形式,在获奖前贡献已经做出了,所以要用其完成式。语意为:这位科学家因为为国家做出了巨大的贡献,得到了政府的奖励。‎ 答案: D ‎2. A powerful earthquake struck Haiti’s capital,________tens of thousands homeless and buried in ruins.‎ A.left    B.to leave C.being left    D.leaving 解析: 考查非谓语动词。从语意可知,海地首都发生强烈地震,造成了成千上万的人无家可归和被埋在废墟中,现在分词短语作状语,表示结果。‎ 答案: D ‎3. When the minister came to the snowstricken area,he was happy to see the disaster victims well________.‎ A.take care of    B.took care of C.taken care of    D.taking care of 解析: 考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims 与take care of 存在逻辑上的动宾关系,因此使用被动形式,在句中充当宾语补足语。‎ 答案: C ‎4. A few days after the interview I received a letter________my admission to the university.‎ A.offering    B.offered C.having offered    D.to be offered 解析: 考查非谓语动词。offer 和其逻辑主语a letter 之间是主谓关系,所以要用现在分词表主动,相当于which offered。语意为:面试后的几天,我收到了这所大学录取我的信。‎ 答案: A ‎5. Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year________against the ‎ severe natural disasters?‎ A.fighting    B.to fight C.fought    D.fight 解析: 考查固定句式的用法。“sb.have some difficulty in doing sth.”是固定句式,意思是“某人做某事有困难”,其中的介词in 可以省略。‎ 答案: A ‎6.—How do you Chinese celebrate Midautumn Day?‎ ‎—Well,it depends.For me,I usually sit in the yard,________the full moon with my family.‎ A.appreciating    B.admiring C.appreciated    D.to admire 解析: 考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语admiring the full moon with my family 在句中作伴随状语,表示“我通常在中秋节坐在院子里和家人一起赏月”。空处动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,其表示的动作和句子的谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生,故用现在分词;appreciate “欣赏”不用于进行时,故选B。‎ 答案: B ‎7. Cao Cao’s tomb is reported________in Anyang,which attracts nationwide attention.‎ A.being found    B.to be found C.having been found    D.to have been found 解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意为:据报道,安阳发现了曹操墓,引起了全国(民众)的关注。前半句是“It’s reported that Cao Cao’s tomb has been found in Anyang”的另外一种表达方式,表示该动作已经发生,所以用不定式的完成形式。‎ 答案: D ‎8. After suffering a heart attack,Michael Jackson was pronounced dead,________a tragic end to the world’s most popular entertainer.‎ A.marking    B.to mark C.marked    D.having marked 解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知,迈克尔·杰克逊在心脏病突发后死去,这标志着世界上最受欢迎的艺人的悲惨结局。v.ing在此作结果状语。‎ 答案: A ‎9. You can hardly imagine the efforts I have made________the goal.‎ A.to achieve    B.of achieving C.to of achieving    D.to have achieved 解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。句意为:你简直无法想像我为了实现目标所付出的努力。动词不定式作目的状语,故A项正确。‎ 答案: A ‎10. When I came in,I found Lucy________by the window________to music.‎ A.seated;listening    B.seated;listened C.seating;listened    D.seating;listening 解析: 考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空用seated,相当于sitting;第二空用动词的ing形式,表示主动。‎ 答案: A ‎11. The county,________in the north of Shanxi,has a history of more than 1,400 years.‎ A.located    B.to be located C.being located    D.locating 解析: 本题考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语,修饰The county,故选A。‎ 答案: A ‎12. It was reported that 115 miners________in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled alive at last.‎ A.trapped    B.being trapped C.were trapped    D.had trapped 解析: 考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语,逻辑主语是miners,而非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系,且表示的动作发生在过去,故用过去分词,选A。‎ 答案: A ‎13. China is known________greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.‎ A.to change    B.having changed C.changing     D.to have changed 解析: be known to 为……所熟知,而改变是已发生的事实,故用现在完成时形式。‎ 答案: D ‎14. ________from the operation,the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.‎ A.Having not fully recovered B.Being not fully recovered C.Not having fully recovered D.Not fully recovering 解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。the patient 与recover 间为主谓关系,且recover 这个动作发生在was advised 之前,因此要用现在分词的完成式,且否定词not 要放在分词的前面,因此答案为C。‎ 答案: C ‎15.—Be careful!Don’t forget you are on a ladder.‎ ‎—But you are holding it for me,nothing________.‎ A.worry about    B.to worry about C.is worried about    D.worrying about 解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意为:——小心点。别忘了你在梯子上。——但是你扶着呢,没什么可担心的。不定式to worry about 作后置定语。‎ 答案: B ‎ ‎