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2013届高考英语三轮复习回扣课本精讲精练复习学案-人教版必修4-Unit 1 Women of achievement
Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦
1.No matter which country you travel to,you should________(遵守) the law of the land.
答案: observe
2.Having a large family to________(支撑,养活),he took up two parttime jobs in his spare time.
答案: support
3.He is such a great man that all of us show our________(尊敬) for him.
答案: respect
4.The little boy’s bad________(行为,举止) at the party made his parents upset.
答案: behaviour
5.Her research shows the________(关系) between human beings and chimps.
答案: connections
6.Paul Robertson’s________(成就) as both an actor and a concert performer gained his international recognition in the early 1940’s.
答案: achievements
7.Everything taken into________(考虑),he has done a good job this time.
答案: consideration
8.If you want to help the poor,you can join the________(组织),which usually has some such activities.
答案: organization
9.________(激励) by the teacher’s words,he is determined to study harder than before.
答案: Inspired
10.He thinks it ________(值得的) to devote all his life to teaching since he has won great respect from his students.
答案: worthwhile
Ⅱ课文原句突破
1.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
________ after her mother came to help her for the first few months ________ ________ allowed to begin her project.
答案: Only;was she
2.我一旦停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
________I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
答案: Once
3.进一步阅读使我了解到,是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。[来源:学*科*网]
Further reading made me realize that________ ________ hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature________ got her into medical school.
答案: it was;that
4.为什么不像林巧稚一样在医学院学习并继续她的美好事业呢?
________ ________ ________ at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?
答案: Why not study
worthwhile adj.值得做的;值得的;有价值的
教材原句P2:However,the evening makes it all worthwhile.
但这个傍晚让我们觉得这一切都是值得的。
①Hangzhou is a beautiful place;it is worthwhile going/to go there.杭州是个美丽的地方,值得一去。
②We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people).
我们决定将钱用于对人民有益的事业上。
③In my opinion,the book is well worth reading/worthy of being read/worthy to be read.依我看来,这本书很值得读。
④I’m afraid the ring is worth quite a lot of money now.
恐怕这枚戒指现在值很多钱。
1.Mistakes don’t just happen;they occur for a reason.Find out the reason,and then making the mistake becomes________.
A.favourable B.precious
C.essential D.worthwhile
解析: 句意为:错误不单单是偶然发生的,它们的发生是有原因的,找出原因,那么犯的错误也就有意义了。A项“有利的”;B项“宝贵的”;C项“必要的,重要的”;D项“值得的”。故选D项。
答案: D
behave vt.& vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现
教材原句P2:Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了,她帮助人们了解它们的行为跟人类的是多么的相似。
(1)behave oneself举止规矩些
behave well/badly举止良好/糟糕
Do behave!规矩些!
(2)wellbehaved表现好的
badlybehaved表现差的
(3)behaviour [U] 举止,行为
①I want you to behave yourself while I am away.
我不在家时你要守规矩些。
②I am sorry about what I did last night—I behaved like a child.
对不起,我昨天晚上表现得太幼稚。
③Some children could be noisy and badly behaved.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
有些孩子会吵闹而且表现差。
④Much to my surprise,he behaved as if nothing had happened.In general,I was quite pleased with his behaviour.
使我非常吃惊的是,他表现得好像什么也没发生,总之,我对他的行为非常满意。
2.Tom,________yourself.Have you already forgotten the rules I told you?
A.behave B.respect
C.consider D.entertain
解析: 句意为:Tom,规矩点,你忘了我告诉你的那些规矩了吗?behave oneself意为“规矩点”。
答案: A
observe vt.观察;观测;遵守;庆祝
教材原句P2:She spent years observing and recording their daily
activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。
observe sth.观察某物
observe sb.do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程)[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
observe sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事
observe that...观察……
①The woman was observed to follow him closely.
有人看到那个女子紧跟着他。
②When I was a child,I would observe the night sky.
当我小时,我常常观察夜空。
③The police observed that the driver did not observe the traffic rules.警察注意到那位司机没有遵守交通规则。
④The police observed the man entering the bank.
警方监视到那个人正走进银行。
3.Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still________the traditional customs.
A.perform B.possess
C.observe D.support
解析: 句意为:许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年,仍奉行传统的习俗。perform执行,表演;possess拥有;observe遵守,奉行 (习俗等);support支持。由句意可知C项正确。
答案: C
argue vi.& vt.讨论,争论,争辩,说服,用辩论证明
教材原句P2:She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐或广告。
①He argued against smoking,and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
他反对吸烟并且坚持认为吸烟有害于健康是无可争辩的。
②It’s no use arguing about the question with him for he won’t change his opinion.关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的,他不会改变自己的观点的。
③The speaker argued that more foreigners should be admitted to the
country.演讲者主张应该允许更多的外国人入境。
④We argued her into attending the party.
我们说服她参加了宴会。
4.—What happened over there?
—They argued________the waiter________the price of the meal.
A.to;for B.against;over
C.for;at D.with;about
解析: argue with sb.for sth.因某事与某人争论。
答案: D
5.They argued________the matter the whole afternoon,and at last agreed________the date for the next meeting.[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
A.with;with B.on;on
C.about;on D.over;over
解析: 本题考查点之一是短语argue about就……争论,其二是agree on(双方)就……达成共识。
答案: C
intend vt.计划;打算
教材原句P6:I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
我仔细地看了这篇文章,了解到那是为农村妇女写的。
①My girlfriend and I intend to get married next year.
女朋友和我打算明年结婚。
②I intend Tom to go to the concert with me.
我打算让汤姆跟我一块去听音乐会。
③I intend that John should go and help them with their work.
我的意思是要约翰去帮助他们工作。
④The programme intended for children turned out to be welcome by people of different ages.
为孩子准备的节目结果被证明各个年龄段的人都欢迎。
6.完成句子
如果我伤害了你,我向你道歉;但说实话,我没想伤害任何人。
I will make an apology to you if I hurt you.To be honest,I __________________anyone.
答案: didn’t intend to hurt
deliver v.投递;发表,宣布;接生,生(小孩)(仅限于被动语态)
教材原句P6:There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi,tired after a day’s work,went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后,又在深夜去为贫困家庭的产妇接生,而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。
deliver sth.(to sb.)投递/传送某物(给某人)
deliver a speech发表演说
be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby生孩子
deliver sb./sth.over to sb.把……移交给某人
①Mail is delivered to our office twice a day.
我们办公室的邮件每天投递两次。
②She was delivered of a healthy baby girl in the hospital last night.昨夜她在医院里产下一健康女婴。
③President Hu Jintao delivered an important speech on National Day.胡锦涛总书记在国庆节上发表了重要讲话。
7.The shop owner will get all these goods ordered________to the customers today.
A.to deliver B.delivering
C.delivered D.deliver
解析: goods与deliver是被动关系,用过去分词作补语,get sth.done使某事完成/被做。ordered为后置定语,修饰goods。
答案: C
look down on/upon蔑视;轻视;瞧不起
教材原句P4:Many people look down upon poor people.
许多人瞧不起穷人。
①We shouldn’t look down upon the disabled,on the contrary,we should help them.
我们不应该瞧不起残疾人,相反我们应该帮助他们。
look forward to盼望;期待
look into调查;观察;窥视
look on/upon...as...把……看作……
look out (for...)注意;留意;留神
look through浏览;仔细查看
look up to尊敬;仰视
②I’m looking forward to visiting the art gallery next week.
我盼望着下周去艺术馆参观。
③I looked through today’s newspaper but I found nothing important.我翻阅今天的报纸,但没有发现重要消息。
④Look out for cars while crossing the road.
过马路时当心车辆。
⑤I look up to him because he’s a real artist.
我尊敬他,因为他是个真正的艺术家。
8.No matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone________you wishing they were that high.
A.getting rid of B.getting along with
C.looking up to D.looking down upon
解析: 句意为:无论你把自己看得多么的低微,总是有人仰慕你并希望(像你)那么高大。本题考查动词词组辨析。 look up to仰视、尊敬;get rid of除掉;get along with相处、进展;look down upon轻视、看不起。
答案: C
refer to提到,说到;参考,参阅
教材原句P5:If the word group refers to different members,use a plural verb.如果group指不同的成员,谓语动词用复数。
①Please refer to the dictionary if you don’t know how to pronounce the word.
如果你不知道这个单词如何发音,请查词典。
②I promised not to refer to the matter again.
我答应再也不提及此事了。
③While giving the English speech,no one is allowed to refer to the notes.英语演讲时,不允许任何人看稿子。
9.完成句子
主席在大会上发言近一个小时,没有参考演讲稿。
The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour ______________________________.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]
答案: without referring to his notes
Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
(1)only在句首修饰作状语的副词或介词短语时,句子要倒装。
(2)only在句首修饰状语从句时,主句要用倒装语序,从句
不用倒装语序。
(3)only在句首修饰句子的主语时,不用倒装语序。
①Only in this way can we improve our English.
只有以这种方法,我们才能提高英语水平。
②Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有当你问了许多问题的情况下,你才能够得到你所需要的所有信息。
③Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved him.只有当我离开父母去意大利时我才意识到我是多么的爱他们。
④Only he can answer the question.
只有他能回答这个问题。
含有否定意义的副词或连词,如never,not,not only,little,seldom,hardly,not until,neither,nor,no sooner等放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装形式,即把助动词、情态动词或连系动词置于主语之前。需要注意的是,在no sooner...than...和hardly...when...引导的句子中,倒装部分常用过去完成时。
①Not only did he read the book,but also he remembered what he had read.他不仅看了这本书,而且他还记住他所读的内容了。
②Hardly had the bell rung when the students rushed out of the classroom.铃一响学生们就冲出了教室。
③Never will I forget the days when we stayed together in the countryside.我永远也不会忘记我们在农村一起呆过的日子。
10.________you eat the correct foods________be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A.Only if;will you B.Only if;you will
C.Unless;will you D.Unless;you will
解析: 句意为:只有正确饮食,你才能保持身材和健康。从句意可知,unless不符合题意,若选D的话,应当在you will后加上not。only if表条件,意为“只有”。当only if置于句首时,主句要部分倒装,故选A。
答案: A
11.Wang Lin failed to be admitted by Hong Kong University last year,and only then________the importance of English.
A.he finally realized B.he had realized
C.had he realized D.did he realize
解析: 考查倒装句。only+状语置于句首时,采用部分倒装。句意为:王林没被香港大学录取,到那时他才意识到英语的重要性。由语意可知应用一般过去时,故D项正确。
答案: D
She is leading a busy life but she says:“Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.It’s terrible.It affects me when I watch the wild chimps...”
她的生活是忙忙碌碌的,然而,正如她所说的:“我一旦停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩,太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时,这个念头总是萦绕着我。”
once此处用做连词。意为“一旦……就”,用于连接时间状语从句,类似于as soon as。
①You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence.在面试时你一旦有了自信心,一定会成功。
②Once I’ve found somewhere to live,I’ll send you my new address.一找到住的地方我就会把我的新住址告诉你。
③Remember that you won’t be able to change the contract once you’ve signed.请记住一旦你签了合同就不能更改了。
12.完成句子
(1)一旦你养成了坏习惯,你发现很难去掉。
____________________________,you will find it hard to get rid of it.
(2)一旦你许下诺言,你应该遵守。
____________________________,you should keep it.
答案: (1)Once you get into a bad habit (2)Once you have made your promise
巧思妙解
1.—This book by Tony Garrison is of great use for our course.
—But I think this latest one is________worth reading.
A.better B.more
C.most D.very
解析: 表示“很值得”时,worth前面要加修饰语well,其比较级是better。
答案: A
2.Is it________sparing some time for your hobby while your classmates are concentrating on their lessons?
A.worth B.worthy
C.worthwhile D.valuable
解析: 考查形容词辨析。句意为“你花时间在业余爱好上值得吗?你的同学都集中精力学习功课”。worth和worthy一般都用来表示主语值得……,而worthwhile则表示做某事是值得的。
答案: C
3.Now that you’re grown up,you’d better spend your time just on the things you find________.
A.worth doing them B.worth being done
C.worthy of doing them D.worthy of being done
解析: 句意为:尽量把时间用在你觉得值得做的事情上。worthy作宾补,后接of being done形式,表示与宾语things是被动关系。
答案: D
4.Though the radio seems a bit too expensive,it is well______.
A.worth to buy B.worthy of buying
C.worth buying D.worth being bought
解析: 也可以说:It is worthy of being bought或it is worthy to be bought。又如“电影值得一看”可译为: (1)The film is worth seeing.(2)The film is worthy of being seen. (3)The film is worthy to be seen.
答案: C
语法专练
本单元语法——主谓一致
1.(2011·成都第一次诊断)The city government is planning to build a factory to deal with the
industry waste,but when and where to build it________.
A.haven’t been decided B.aren’t decided
C.hadn’t been decided D.hasn’t been decided
解析: 考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意为:市政府正计划修建工厂处理工业废物,但是何时何地修建还没有确定。语意表明谓语用现在完成时的被动语态。疑问词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
答案: D
2.Nowadays many a student________the importance of learning a foreign language.
A.have realized B.has realized
C.have been realized D.has been realized
解析: many a用来修饰单数名词,故谓语动词应该用单数形式。
答案: B
3.The League secretary and monitor________asked to make a speech at the meeting last week.
A.is B.was
C.are D.were
解析: 先从时态上考虑,这是过去发生的事情,应用过去时,先排除A、C;monitor前没有定冠词the,在英语中,当一个身兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词,所以应选B。
答案: B
4.—Hi,what did our monitor say just now?
—Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who are to visit Water Cube________asked to be at the school gate before 6∶30 in the morning.
A.is B.were
C.are D.was
解析: 考查主谓一致。every...and every...结构作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,由此可以排除B、C两项;根据前面的are to visit Water Cube的时态可知,A项正确。
答案: A
5.________of the people on the Net________China’s economy is among the strongest in the world.
A.Fourfifth;believes B.Fourfifth;believe
C.Fourfifths;believe D.Fourfifths;believes
解析: 考查分数表达和主谓一致。4/5→fourfifths。题干主语是(网络上
)4/5的人,是复数,故这里谓语动词用believe。
答案: C