北京高考英语试题解析版word含解析 14页

‎2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷)‎ 本试卷共16页， 共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） ‎ 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后， 你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。‎ 例： What is the man going to rend?‎ ‎ A. A newspaper B. A magazine C. A book 答案是 A ‎1. What juice does the man order?‎ A. Lemon B. Apple C. Orange ‎2. What subject does the man like best?‎ A. History. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.‎ ‎3. Where is the woman from?‎ A. Britain. B. Russia. C. America.‎ ‎4. What kind of student bus pass does the woman want?‎ A. Weekly. B. Monthly. C. Yearly.‎ ‎5. What are the two speakers going to nuy for Mary’s birthday?‎ A. A bicycle. B. A pen. C. A book.‎ 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）‎ 听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独 白你将听两遍。‎ 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。‎ ‎6. What’s wrong with the woman ? ‎ A. She has a cough. B. She has a headache. C. She has a fever.‎ ‎7. How long is the medicine for?‎ A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.‎ 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。‎ ‎8. What does the woman need?‎ A. Some ink. B. A printer. C. Some paper.‎ ‎9. What problem does the man have?‎ A. He can’t send a text message..‎ B. He can’t hear the woman clearly. ‎ C. He can’t be back to the office soon.‎ 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。‎ ‎10. What does the woman plan to do at first?‎ A. To stay at home. B. InTo eat out. C. To see a film.‎ ‎11. When will the two speakers meet? ‎ A. At 11:oo am.. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.‎ ‎12. What is the man trying to do?‎ A. To introduce a new pizza to the woman.‎ B. To remind the woman to relax herself.‎ C. To invite the woman to see a movie.‎ 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。‎ ‎13. When did the family visit the Design Museum? ‎ A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.‎ ‎14. How did the family go to Hyde Park? ‎ A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By tarin.‎ ‎15. What is the speaker mainly talking about? ‎ A. Amazing attraction in London.‎ B. A four-day trip to London.‎ C. A dream about London.‎ ‎ ‎ 第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）‎ 听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试 题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。‎ Ticket booking Form Event & Date Modern 16 Festival, June 10th Number & Section Two tickets, 17 section Name George 18 ‎ Address Room 19 , Thomas Place, 74 William avenue ‎ Payment Visa, 2564 8549 7213‎ Way of Delivery By 20 ‎ 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）‎ 从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.‎ A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是 D。‎ ‎21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.‎ A. so B. or ‎ C. for D. but ‎22. ---Hi, let’s go skating.‎ ‎ --- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.‎ A. fill B. have filled ‎ C. am filling D. will fill ‎23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour. ‎ A. by B. in C. for D. until ‎24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..‎ A. Observe B. To observe C. Observed D. Observing ‎25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.‎ A.watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching ‎26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..‎ A.who B. which ‎ C. when D. Where 27. ‎________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. ‎ A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should ‎28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.‎ A. solving B. solved ‎ C. being solved D.to be solved 29. ‎_______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. ‎ A. As B. When ‎ C. Even though D. In case ‎30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.‎ A. where B. when C. how D. why 31. ‎--- What time is it?‎ ‎ --- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.‎ A. check B. checked ‎ C. will check D. would check ‎32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived. ‎ A. started B. was starting C. would start D. had started 33. Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. ‎ A. whatever B. whenever.‎ C. whereever D. however ‎34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.‎ A. are B. were ‎ C. will be D. would be ‎35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..‎ A. recognizing B. being recognized ‎ C. having recognized D. having been recognized 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。‎ The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan ‎ The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.‎ ‎ All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with american kids. I looked down at this 38 girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.‎ ‎ But how could I help her ‎39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .‎ ‎ One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy.‎ ‎ I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “why, it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough ‎46 ‎ . Could you help me, Suzy?”‎ ‎ On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s 47 were everywhere ---- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.‎ ‎ “And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students ‎49 ‎ them.”‎ ‎ I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw ‎50 ‎ well?”‎ ‎ Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ ‎51 ‎ this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a ‎52 ‎ ,too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student ---- Suzy Khan!”‎ ‎ Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.‎ ‎ I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never 54 anything in her whole life.‎ ‎ Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was defening. I knew then Suzy was going to ne all right.‎ ‎36. A. joked B. cared C. trains D. worried ‎37. A. reported B. decided C. complained D. questioned ‎38. A. rich B. proud C. tiny D. popular ‎39. A. come B fall C. fit D. tie ‎40. A. manner B. pattern C. choice D. way ‎41. A. read B. taken C. opened D. put ‎42. A. free B. perfect C. final D. extra ‎43. A.are B.talk C.quiz D. talent ‎44. A. colored B. written C. carved D. drawn ‎45. A. at B. after C. for D. around ‎46. A. room B. time C. paper D. interest ‎47. A. gifts B. books C. photos D. posters ‎48. A. special B. academic C. national D. rayal ‎49. A. painted B. found C. printed D. collected ‎50. A. very B. that C. quite D. too ‎51. A. If B. Though C. Unless D. Since ‎52. A. prize B. rank C. rest D. place ‎53. A. replied B. realized C.remembered D. regretted ‎54. A. offered B. valued C. owned D. controlled ‎55. A. clap B. wave C. raise D. shake 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分）‎ 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）‎ ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。‎ A Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)‎ ‎ The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.‎ ‎* Opening Times ‎ Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.‎ ‎* Location ( 位置)‎ ‎ Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is siyuated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.‎ ‎* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ‎ Train ‎ The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.‎ ‎ Shuttle Bus ‎ The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. ‎ ‎ Car Parking ‎ While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.‎ ‎* Wheelchair Access ‎ Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.‎ ‎* Terms ‎ Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!‎ ‎56. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________ .‎ A. is located at the center of the CBD in the city ‎ B. has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne C. admits visitors from 9:30 am untill 6:00 pm D. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex ‎57. Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.‎ A. trains from southern Cross train station B. shuttle buses around the train station C. boats across the yarra River ‎ D. either tram route 70 or 75‎ ‎58. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.‎ A. free car parking B. wheelchair access C. Internet connection D. transportation service ‎59. Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________ .‎ A. are free to all visitors B. can be pursed by email C. rare checked at the entrance D.can be printed at the ticket office ‎　‎ B The Brown Bear ‎ My wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.‎ ‎ Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An agreesive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back---- the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.‎ I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.‎ Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.‎ The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.‎ Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack----- The first time I felf panic.‎ Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I’m proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.‎ ‎60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _______.‎ A. catch shore birds B. start an attack C. protect the children D. set up a barrier for itself ‎61. The bear finally went away after it _______.‎ A. felt safe B. got injured C. found some food D. took away the camera ‎62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ______ .‎ A. pride B. patience C. calmness D. cautiousness C Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)‎ ‎ Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.‎ ‎ To reach our goal of losing weight --- the output, we need to control what we eat --- the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I’ll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I’ll walk every day for ‎20 ‎minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.‎ ‎ Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.‎ ‎ As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.‎ ‎ If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn’t a goal because it’s too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don’t stop with this general wish. Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.‎ ‎ In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.‎ ‎63. The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .‎ A. it is hard to achieve for most Americans B. it is focused too much on the result C. it is dependent on too many things D. it is based on actionable decisions ‎64. In Roland Fryer’s research, some students did better than the others because ______ .‎ A. they obeyed all the general rules B. they paid more attention to exams C. they were motivated by their classmates D. they were rewarded for reading some books ‎65. According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?‎ A. “I’ll give up desert.” B. “I’ll study harder.”‎ C. “I’ll cut down my expense” D. “I’ll spend more time with my family”‎ ‎66. The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .‎ A. develop good habits and focus on the outcome B. be optimistic about final goals and stick to them C. pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits D. set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output D Multitasking What is the first thing you nitice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed (展示) at the entrance? Or the soft background music?‎ But have you ever notice the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shop’s scent may not be outstanding compared with sightsand sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.‎ A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers’ intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.‎ When it comes to the best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brand’s success as the quality of its window displays and goods on slaes. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.‎ Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants’ disproving attitude and don’t-touch-what-you-can’t-afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this.‎ Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store’s windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.‎ ‎67. According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store?‎ A. Friendly assistant. B. Unique scents.‎ C. Soft background music D. attractive window display.‎ ‎68. E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _______ .‎ A. ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores B. urge shop assistants to change their attitude C. push stores to use sights and sounds D. introduce the rise of e-commerce ‎69. The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _______ .‎ A. a platform that exhibts goods B. a spot where travelers like to stay C.a place where customers love to go D. a target that a store expects to meet ‎70. The main purpose of the passage is to ______ .‎ A. compare and evaluate B. examine and assess C. argue and discuss D.inform and explain 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information ‎ Making good choices about your own health requairs reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 ‎ Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determin whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 73 ‎ Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.‎ Use your common sense. Ifa report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).‎ ‎ 75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.‎ Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.‎ A. Make choice that are right for you. ‎ B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.‎ C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. ‎ D. And examine the findings of the original research.‎ E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.‎ F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.‎ G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.‎ 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） ‎ 第一节 ‎(15分)‎ ‎ 你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括：‎ ‎ 1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；‎ ‎2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；‎ ‎3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。‎ 注意： 1.词数不少于50.‎ ‎ 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Chris,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Joe ‎(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)‎ 第二节（20 分）‎ 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。‎ 注意： 1. 词数不少于 60.‎ ‎ 2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ ‎ There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.‎ ‎(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空15分 ‎27.A考查情态动词的用法。句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。此处can表示：许可。‎ ‎28.D考查非谓语动词的用法。根据后面for a long stay on the Moon可知，我们有很多将来要解决的问题，表示将来的动作用不定式作定语，又因为问题被解决，所以用不定式的被动式。‎ ‎29.C考查状语从句的连接词。句意：尽管那个森林公园很远，但是还是有许多游客每年到这里游览。根据句意选C。‎ ‎35.B考查动名词的被动式。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。此处without是介词，其后用动名词，这里意为被认出来，故用动名词的被动式。‎ 第二节 完形填空 ‎36.A考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。班上的男孩常常开她的玩笑。故选A。此处joke意为：开玩笑。‎ ‎47.D考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据前面的poster可知，此处选poster。这里是反指法。她的海报在学校到处都是，而且各不相同。‎ ‎48.A考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。此处special意为：特殊。我们设立一个特殊的奖励。‎ ‎49.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。那些海报是我们自己的学生画的。‎ ‎50.B考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。此处that是副词，意为：如此。我们学校谁能画的这么好呢？‎ A C D ‎67.B考查细节理解。根据文章第三段可知，由于体育用品店采用了香味理念，致使它的销售量提供了80%。故选B。‎ ‎68.A考查写作意图。根据文章第五段可知，作者是为了强调实体店能让顾客从进门到离开的时刻都能感受到商店真实的氛围。故选A。‎ ‎69.C考查猜测词义。根据文章第五段可知，另一家商店追求的不只是商店，而是人们更愿意去的地方，只要人们常去就会买东西。选C。‎ ‎70.D考查写作意图。根据文章整体可知，作者向读者介绍采用香味来提高销售量的理念。并解释了原因。故选D。‎