高考英语看图作文写作指导 14页

高考英语看图作文写作指导 看图进行书面表达的基本要求是：认真审图，确立主题，提炼要点，展开联想，变点为句，连句成篇。 要达到这些要求，我们就必须认真审图，善于利用图中人物间的关系、人物的对话、人物的活动及所处场所，以及图中的文字说明和标识来提炼要点；要围绕主题展开合理的想象，切忌游离于主题展开不着边际的联想。‎ 高考看图作文技巧// 方法指导五步法:‎ ‎1.仔细审题:包括文体,人称,时态. // 理解到位：整体把握一组图的连贯性理解及题目要求。‎ ‎2.归纳要点:保证文章内容的完整. // 基础到位：用简单句写出每幅图的主题句。‎ ‎3.扩展成句:注意英语表达的习惯,根据提纲扩展句子. // 细节到位：注意每幅图的次要内容（时间，地点，方式，原因等）‎ ‎4.连句成篇:利用一些表示转折,因果,选择等关系的关联词和过渡句,把句子连接起来. // 表达到位：按情节发展先后，承上启下整理成文。‎ ‎5.全面检查:格式文体要点语法字数等. // 检查到位：对照各幅图，检查全文定稿。‎ 高考看图作文的体裁:‎ 记叙文：要抓住记叙文的六要素：when, where, who, what, why, how. 即五个“W”和一个“H”。要注意人物与空间的关系，画面与画面的关系，要点与发挥的关系。‎ 说明文：（另见图表式作文）‎ 议论文：（见漫画作文）‎ 常用句型：‎ 1. One day / the other day / a couple of days ago / while he was…,he..‎ 2. It was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning …when …‎ 3. The picture sets me thinking deeply…‎ 4. From the picture，we can see ….‎ 5. It is really an unforgettable day …‎ 6. As is shown / indicated in the picture, …‎ 7. After seeing the picture ,I was greatly shocked by …‎ 8. This is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man …‎ 9. We can learn from the picture that …‎ 10. The picture shows that…‎ 11. This sight reminds me of something in my daily life….‎ 记叙类例题展示1：‎ 下列四幅图描述了李华一家某一天的经历。请根据画面及图中的有关提示，用第三人称的口吻写一篇120字左右的短文。注意：可以适当增加细节，并展开合理的想象，使故事完整连贯。 ‎ 第一步：认真看图，确立主题 ‎ 结合文字和图画，确立所要表达的主题是什么。‎ 根据“四幅图描述了李华一家某一天的经历”一段文字提示，结合第一幅图中的日历上所表示的时间( 3月8日) ,我们可以确立本篇书面表达的主题是：李华要做些家务事来为他的妈妈庆祝“3.8”妇女节。‎ 第二步：围绕主题，提炼要点 第一幅图：李华把他的主意告诉父亲 ‎ 第二幅图：李华扫地、父亲洗衣服 ‎ 第三幅图：李华和父亲下厨房做菜 ‎ 第四幅图：餐桌上有花瓶、饮料、鱼、肉等等 第三步：合理想象，补出要点 第一幅图：李华为什么要把他的主意告诉父亲？ 求得父亲的帮助或配合 第二幅图：李华和父亲为什么要选择做家务？这些家务平时都是由母亲做的 第三幅图：可想象他们做了除图画表现出的 fish, pork外，还有没有其它菜 。比如： chicken, soup and other delicious dishes.‎ 第四幅图中没有一个人出现，为什么，留给考生进行合理的想象：李华和父亲是不是藏起来了？其目的是什么 ：可能是等母亲回家时以给她一个惊喜。‎ 第四步：确定时态，译出要点 ‎ 确定表达时所用的正确时态，将围绕主题初选出的要点和经过合理想象补出的要点翻译出来。‎ 本篇叙述的是李华一家过去某一天（“3.8”妇女节）所发生的事，应该用过去时来进行表达。‎ 第一幅图 On March the eighth, Women’s Day, LiHua had a good idea and told his father that he was ‎ going to do something to celebrate it. He asked his father to help him.‎ 第二幅图 ‎ ‎ They decided to do some housework, which was always done by his mother. LiHua cleaned the house completely. His father did some washing.‎ 第三幅图 ‎ ‎ They made a good meal, cooking fish, pork, chicken, soup and some other delicious dishes.‎ 第四幅图 ‎ LiHua laid the table and set a vase full of flowers in the middle of the table. They hid themselves behind the door, waiting for Mother. They wanted to give her a happy surprise. When his mother came back and saw delicious dishes and drinks on the table, she felt very curious and happy. ‎ 第五步：连句成篇，过渡自然 ‎ 对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词或词语以及照顾到文章的首尾呼应，再加上必要的结束语。‎ 范文欣赏：‎ It was March the eighth that day, Women’s Day. LiHua had a good idea and told his father that he was going to do something to celebrate it. He asked his father to help him. First they decided to do some housework, which was always done by his mother. LiHua cleaned the house completely while his father did some washing. ‎ Then they made a good meal, cooking fish, pork, chicken, soup and some other delicious dishes. LiHua laid the table and set a vase full of flowers in the middle of the table. After that they hid themselves behind the door, waiting for Mother so as to give her a happy surprise. When his mother came back and saw delicious dishes and drinks on the table, she felt very curious and happy. The family had a pleasant festival.‎ 例题展示2：‎ 审题：‎ ‎1、体裁：记叙文 ‎2、主要时态：一般过去时，叙述描绘一起交通事故 ‎3、人称：第一人称 I ‎4、要点：时间、地点、人物、事件的前后经过。‎ It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000. I was walking along Park Road ‎ A car hit the man while he was crossing the road.‎ I noticed the driver was a young woman and the car was yellow.‎ The car number was AC864.‎ 范文欣赏：‎ It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000. I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an old man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. He fell with a cry.‎ The car did’t stop and drove off at a great speed heading west. I noticed the driver was a young woman and the plate number was AC864. About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital. ‎ ‎ Li Hua 例题展示3：（2004年辽宁）‎ 下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。‎ 注意：①短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文的内容要连贯、完整；‎ ‎ ②短文单词数：100左右（已给句子中的单词不计入总词数）；‎ ‎ ③参考词汇：货摊stand (n.) ; 抢夺 snatch (v.) ; 逮捕 arrest (v.)‎ One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan‎ ‎Park.‎ 内容要点 ‎1．公园，冰淇淋货摊旁 ‎2．年轻妇女的包被抢 ‎3．人们追赶抢包者 ‎4．长排椅上坐着一位老人 ‎5．抢包者从老人身旁跑过，老人用伞将他绊倒 ‎6．两名警察逮捕抢劫者 ‎7．妇女感谢老人，人们称赞老人的机智 One Possible Version：‎ ‎ One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan‎ ‎Park. At a stand, a woman was buying an ice-cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag away. She shouted: “Stop thief! He’s snatched my bag! ”Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. As the snatcher was running past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher’s legs. The young man fell down on the ground hard. Soon two policemen came in a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness. (107)‎ 例题展示4：（2004年广东）‎ 假设你是下图的李华。请根据图画所提供的信息，写一篇英语作文，描述昨天晚上邻居看足球赛影响你学习的情况，并描写你随后与邻居交涉的过程(如：你向邻居提出要求，对方向你表示歉意等。)‎ 注意：1. 词数：80—120‎ ‎2. 可以编写对话或其它叙述方式描写你与邻居的交涉过程 One possible version: ‎ Last night I was preparing for the coming examination when the noise from my neighbor interrupted me. The noise went on and on. It was so loudly that I could hardly pay attention to my study any longer. So I went to my neighbor’s house and said to him: “Excuse me, would you please turn down the TV? I’m preparing tomorrow’s examination.” Having heard these words, his face went red. And he said, “Ok, I’ll turn it down. Li Hua, I’m very sorry to have made so much noise. Just now, the football was very wonderful. I was too excited to control myself. I won’t do that again. Good luck in your coming examination. ” After that, I got down to my study.‎ ‎ 议论文：‎ 漫画作文属于图画作文的一种。英语漫画作文，就是根据漫画所描述的内容，按照要求和提示写一篇英语短文。英语漫画作文常以讽刺画和幽默画为主，要求学生根据自己的认识水平，解读画面，展开想象，议论，揭示自己对生活的理解，使人受到教育。漫画作文多以叙述结合议论为主。‎ 探究异同：‎ ‎1. 与一般图画作文的区别：图画作文只是对图画内容进行描写，形成一篇符合逻辑，行文连贯的文章。‎ ‎2. 与图画开放作文的区别：开放式作文根据图画内容围绕主题，从不同的角度立意，有相当大的自由发挥空间，可以自圆其说。‎ ‎3. 漫画作文：漫画作文要通过对画面的描述，揭示画面所蕴含的实质，并与现实生活联系起来，从而打到讽刺或教育的目的。漫画作文所揭示的实质只有一个，抛开这一主题就是离题，这才是漫画作文的关键所在。‎ 写作攻略：漫画作文写作主要通过三步完成：‎ 第一步：认真观察，正确叙述画面内容。‎ 画面的主体往往是人物。要仔细观察画面中人物的形体，相貌，表情，语言，动作等，推测人物的思想面貌，尤其注意人物在干什么；还要观察周围环境，弄清事件发生的时间，地点以及和事件有关的情况，然后把这些信息连贯性地表达出来，使静止的画面“活动化”。平面的事物“立体化”。通常以记叙为主，用一般现在时态或一般过去时态，第三人称。‎ 第二步：选点立意。‎ 通过收集画面所提供的内容，去粗取精，揣摩画意，揭示实质，得出结论。‎ 第三步：引发评论。‎ 与现实生活联系，由此及彼地加以联想与引申，在画面意义的基础上联想到另一层新的内容，发表自己的看法，可以提出一些建议和办法。‎ 第二和第三步没有明显界线。可以一气呵成，以议论为主。‎ 常用句型;‎ ‎1.开头：This is a picture about…/ In the picture we can see…/ From the picture it can be seen that…/ Let’s look at the picture…‎ ‎2.结尾段：It is not right that…/ If they do like that…/ We can draw a conclusion that…/ The story tells us that …/ It teaches us a lesson…‎ ‎3.承接词汇及句型：in my opinion / in our daily life / nowadays / As the proverb says …/ I’m sure… / meanwhile / however / at the same time / but / so / as a result / Do you think so?...‎ ‎4.另外，漫画作文在揭示实质后往往会有精彩的谚语，格言，成语等出现，给文章添彩不少。如：No pains, no gains. / All work and no play makes Jake a dull boy. / Dripping water wears through rock./ Constant effort brings success.（滴水能穿石，功到自然成）/Use “one stone” to kill “two birds”（一石击双鸟）‎ 例题展示1：‎ 简要描述图片，并谈谈你对学生在业余时间参加过多的补习和培训的看法。‎ （一） 内容要点：‎ 1． 描述文字说明：‎ 1） 学生被迫上很多补习班 2） 无兴趣可言 2． 议论文字说明：‎ 1） 太多的补习班是浪费时间 2） 学习要有兴趣 3） 家长不要强迫孩子参加补习 4） 表达希望 ‎（二）One possible version:‎ ‎ Looking at this picture，you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a dull boy”. He has to go to so many training classes besides his school classes. Life is no fun at all for him. Holidays and weekends have become dull work-days. He is too tired to learn these lessons well with no interest. ‎ ‎ In my opinion, spare-time training courses are a waste of time for many students. They might do better when they show interest in what they are learning. Please don’t force these students to do what they are not willing to, and when learning is fun, surely they will do better than we expect!‎ ‎（三）文章结构和套语：‎ Looking at this picture, you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a dull boy”. He has to … besides his school classes. Life is …. … have become …. He is …‎ ‎ In my opinion, … for many students. They might …when they … what they are learning. Please don’t …what they…, and when learning is fun, surely …‎ 例题展示2：‎ 请根据图画和所给词语的提示，叙述某天小明与其妈妈发生的故事。然后，再根据此故事内容，发表你自己的感想（自拟），不得少于三点想法。‎ 参考词汇：‎ help, stop, knock…down, the fallen oil bottle, straighten, disagree, set a good example to,build up our society 注意：不要受所给词语的限制 要求：1．词数：100词左右；2．开头已给出。‎ One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over._______________________‎ 一、选择要点 左边一幅图 ‎1.女孩跌倒 ‎ ‎2.小明要帮她 ‎3.小明的母亲阻拦他说：“不要扶，否则人家会说是你把她碰倒的。”‎ 右边一幅图 ‎1.有一天，小明母亲看到倒在地上的瓶子 ‎2.小明说： “我扶了，你会说是我碰倒的”‎ 二、简译要点 左边一幅图 ‎1.One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over. （试题中已给出）‎ ‎2.Xiao Ming wanted to help the girl up.‎ ‎3.His mother stopped him and said, “Don’t do that, otherwise others will think it was you who knocked her down.” ‎ 右边一幅图 ‎1.Another day, the mother saw the fallen oil bottle on the ground. ‎ ‎2.Xiao Ming said to his mother, ‎ ‎(注意小明的话要用虚拟语气)‎ ‎“If I had straightened the bottle up, you would have thought that I did it.”‎ 三、增加要点,以使文章连贯 ‎1.小明的母亲看到倒在地上的瓶子，而小明却视而不见，心情如何：‎ 比如表示惊讶，震惊等 ‎2.小明的母亲看到这种情形后，可能对小明说些什么：‎ 比如：你为什么不把倒在地上的瓶子扶起来呢？‎ 翻译增加的要点 ‎（Another day,） the mother was shocked to see Xiao Ming just let the fallen oil bottle be，saying to him, “Can’t you see the fallen oil? Why can’t you straighten it up?”‎ 四、自拟感想 ‎1.我对小明母亲在上述图中所述故事中的做法看法：不同意 ‎2.我想：①父母应该为孩子树立好榜样 ‎②父母不仅要关心孩子的身体，还要关心他们的思想 ‎③父母应该让孩子知道帮助处在困难中的人是一件快乐的事。因为我们生活在社会这个大家庭中。‎ 译出上述感想 ‎1. I disagree with what the mother did in the story. ‎ ‎2. ①I think parents should set a good example to their children .‎ ‎②They should not only care for their children’s health, but their minds. ‎ ‎③They should let their children know it is a pleasure to help others who are in trouble. Because we live in the society which is a big family for all of us.‎ 五、增加结尾句，整理成文 One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over. He wanted to help the girl up, but his mother stopped him and said, “Don’t do that, otherwise others will think it was you who knocked her down.” Another day, the mother was shocked to see XiaoMing just let the fallen oil bottle be saying to him, “Can’t you see the fallen oil? Why can’t you straighten it up?” But XiaoMing said to his mother, “If I had straightened the bottle up, you would have thought that I did it.”‎ ‎ I disagree with what the mother did in the story. I think parents should set a good example to their children .They should not only care for their children’s health, but their minds. They should let their children know it is a pleasure to help others who are in trouble. We live in the society which is a big family for all of us.‎ Everyone should do something good to build up our society, right?‎ 例题展示3：‎ 根据图画内容，以“We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter”题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。短文须包括以下要点，不得逐条翻译。‎ ‎1.简单描述漫画的内容；‎ ‎2.作业负担过重；‎ ‎3.精讲精练；‎ ‎4.参加体育锻炼和社会活动。‎ We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter The picture shows that a girl is wearing a pair of glasses and carrying a big heavy schoolbag, and a woman is doing some exercise. The girl says to the woman, “If you carry the schoolbag for me, I’m sure you will lose some weight.”‎ ‎ As is well-known, we Chinese students are overburdened with lessons and homework which our teachers have given us. All that we do every day is to listen to our teachers’ lessons, to take notes and do our homework which seems endless.‎ ‎ We do hope our teachers will help us get more knowledge with fewer lectures, exercises and less homework. Only in this way will we have spare time to do more physical exercise and make us stronger, and we will have more spare time to take part in some social activities, which makes us all mentally and physically healthier.‎ 例题展示4：‎ Directions: write an English composition in over 120 words based on the picture and the instructions given below.‎ 简要描述图片内容，结合生活实际，就图片的主题谈谈自己的感想。‎ ‎ The parents in the picture are teaching the girl how to ride a bicycle.‎ ‎ Her father is holding the left handle of the bicycle and telling the girl how to ride a bicycle. He tells her that unless she puts her heart into learning, she can’t ride well. Her mother is holding the right handle of the bicycle, she is telling the girl to be careful. She warns her that if she doesn’t be careful, she will get off the bike. She is carrying a first-aid kit for her. She is afraid that her daughter will get hurt. The girl’s grandmother is holding the back of the bicycle. They are doing their best to push the bicycle forward. The girl has nothing to do.‎ ‎ She wonders whether her parents let her do her things by herself. In this way, how can a child learn well? ‎ 例题展示5：‎ 请根据下面的漫画， 以“What Will the Child Become?”为标题，写一篇短文。‎ 要求：1 词数100左右，不包括已给出的开头部分；‎ ‎2 内容要包括对本漫画画面的描述以及你自己对这一现象的看法。‎ 参考词汇：电子琴—— electronic piano What Will the Child Become?‎ Look at this picture. It is a picture of a family of five. Who is the “King” of the family? The only child! He is riding his “horse” – his father. What a proud “King” he is! His grandfather is holding an umbrella over him and cooling him with a fan. His mother is carrying his schoolbag and lots of other things for. What is his grandmother doing behind? She is trying hard to carry an electronic piano and a drawing-board.‎ But what will the child become in the future? He’ll think of himself more than anyone else. He’ll be unable to do anything without help. He’ll become no good for the world.‎ 例题展示6： ‎ 下面这幅画描述了一个情景。请根据中文提示以“They’re Thinking Along the Same Line”为题写一篇短文。注意：1 短文须忠实描述图画内容，可发挥想象适当增加细节也可进行简单评述，但短文必须连贯。2 词数100字左右。‎ They’re Thinking Along the Same Line Here we see two men of a similar type. They happen to be riding in the same street, along the same side but from opposite directions. Neither of them wants to give way to the other. Great minds think alike. Today their minds happen to run along the same line: “Anyway he wouldn’t dare to run into me.” In no time they’ll crash into each other, fall to the ground and roll together into the same ditch. Hopefully, from this incident, they will draw the same lesson: follow the traffic rules.‎ 例题展示7： ‎ 目前中国学生的负担越来越重，减负的呼声日益高涨，但减负的结果如何呢？请根据下面两幅图，以“The Change of Load”为题用英语写一篇短文。‎ The Change of Load ‎ From the two pictures, we can see that before the learning load is reduced, students carry a lot of books with them every day, wet with sweat. However, after the learning load is reduced, tuition ‎ makes many parents get into debt because their children have to go to college for a good future.‎ ‎ At present, many students can’t afford the heavy tuition, for which many of them will have to say good-bye to school or their parents will have a heavy debt load. When we call for reducing the students’ learning load, we should also call on the tuition to be reduced.‎ 例题展示8： ‎ The Tutor Mother Invited ‎ This is a funny and instructive picture.‎ ‎ In the picture we can see the mother hen invites a tutor – a goose to teach her baby chickens to swim. It is known to all that birds like chickens can’t swim at all. But the mother hen wants her babies to learn to swim following the tutor. We can imagine the final result. ‎ Nowadays, many parents are treating their children like the mother hen. They expect their sons and daughters to become famous when they grow up. However, they don’t know about their children’s interests and advantages. So they invite kinds of tutors to teach their children what they dislike or they are not good at. Finally they do harm to their children.‎ 例题展示9：‎ With the development of the economy, people are living a much better life than before. As a result of this, they care more about food than they did in the past. Some people, however, are always trying something special. As you can see in the picture, there are no animals that the man can’t eat. On top of that, he even asks an astronomer if there are any animals in outer space. ‎ As we all know, animals are our friends and we should live in harmony with them. I hope that our government will do something to help wild animals as soon as possible. We should all become their friends. ‎