2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers单元学案设计（49页） 59页

‎2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修五Unit1Getting along with others单元学案设计 ‎ 人际关系之(二)——与人相处 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．remark n．& vi.评论，谈论　　　　2.quarrel n．& vi.争吵，争执 ‎3．sensitive adj.敏感的；体贴的 4.envy vt.& n．羡慕，忌妒 ‎5．identity n．身份 6.absurd adj.荒唐的，怪诞的 ‎7．acquaintance n．泛泛之交 8.worldwide adv.& adj.全世界(的)‎ ‎9．adolescent adj.青春期的_ n．青少年 10.committed adj.坚信的；坚定的 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．sincerely adv.真诚地 2.pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮 ‎3．cheerful adj.愉快的 4.attitude n．态度，看法 ‎5．blame vt.指责n.责任；指责 6.overcome vt.克服，解决 ‎7．focus vi.& vt.集中注意力n.重点 8.eager adj.热切的，急不可待的 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可 ‎　2.forgive vt.原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 ‎　3.manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌 ‎　4.argue vi.& vt.争吵，争论→argument n．争辩，争论 ‎*5.apologize vi.道歉→apology n．道歉 ‎　6.disagreement n．分歧，争论，意见不一→disagree vi.不同意 ‎*7.amusement n．娱乐，消遣→amuse vt.娱乐，使发笑→amusing adj.有趣的 ‎*8.hopeless adj.没有好转希望的；糟透的→hope n．& v．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的，满怀希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地，有前途地 ‎*9.respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应 ‎　10.mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Jim apologized to his girlfriend for his being rude to her, but she didn't accept his apology.‎ ‎2．My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination, so he gained admission into Beijing University. His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.‎ ‎3．In the amusement park, the monkey's amusing movements made everybody present amused.‎ ‎4．Hopefully,_after three years' training abroad the hopeless athlete became hopeful in sports field.‎ ‎5．She asked where he'd been, but he didn't respond,_and in response to it, she shouted to him，“Where have you been？”‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．harmony /'hɑːmənɪ/ n．　 　和睦，和谐 ‎2．harmonious /hɑː'məʊnɪəs/ adj. 和谐的 ‎3．friendly /'frendli/ adj. 友好的 ‎4．considerate /kən'sɪdərət/ adj. 体贴的 ‎5．admirable /'ædmərəbl/ adj. 值得赞赏的 ‎6．respectful /'rɪspektfl/ adj. 恭敬的 ‎7．consult /'kənsʌlt/ vt. 请教；商量 ‎8．appreciate /ə'priːʃieɪt/ vt. 欣赏；感激 ‎9．respect /'rɪspekt/ vt.& n. 尊重 ‎10．understand /ʌndə'stænd/ vt. 理解；领会 ‎11．enthusiastic /ɪnθjuːziæstɪk/ adj. 热情的 ‎12．precious /'preʃəs/ adj. 珍贵的 ‎13．grateful /'greɪtfl/ adj. 感激的 ‎14．sincere /sɪn'sɪə(r)/ adj. 真诚的 ‎15．conscience /'kɒnʃəns/ n. 良心；良知 ‎16．honest/'ɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的 ‎17．honesty/'ɒnɪstɪ/ n. 诚实 ‎18．lie/laɪ/ v. 说谎 n. 谎言 ‎19．selfish/'selfɪʃ/ adj. 自私的 ‎20．proud/praud/ adj. 骄傲的 ‎21．modest /'mɒdɪst/ adj. 谦虚的；谦逊的 ‎22．reliable /'rɪlaɪəbl/ adj. 可信赖的 ‎23．patient /'peɪʃnt/ adj. 有耐心的 ‎24．trust /trʌst/ vt. 相信；信任 ‎25．promote /prə'məʊt/ vt. 促进；提升 ‎26．fight /faɪt/ n．& vi. 打架；打斗 ‎27．conflict /'kɒnflɪkt/ n. 冲突 ‎28．tolerance /'tɒlərəns/ n. 忍受 ‎29．prejudice /'predʒudɪs/ n. 偏见，成见 ‎30．abandon /ə'bændən/ vt. 抛弃，舍弃，放弃 ‎31．abuse /ə'bjuːs/ vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用 ‎32．embarrass /ɪm'bærəs/ vt. 使尴尬 ‎33．misunderstand /'mɪsʌndəstænd/ vt. 误会 ‎34．bother /'bɒðə(r)/ vt. 打扰；麻烦 ‎ [二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.keep_one's_word信守诺言　 　2.lie_with_sb.取决于某人；是某人的责任 ‎　3.stay_up熬夜；挺住 　4.for_sure无疑，肯定 ‎　5.can't_help_doing_sth. 忍不住 　6.spy_on暗中监视，窥探 ‎*7.keep_pace_with(与……)同步 　8.be_cautious_about 对……小心 ‎　9.before_long不久，很快 *10.get_through (用电话)接通 ‎　11.regardless_of不管，不顾 　12.end_up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎　13.rely_on依靠，依赖 *14.thanks_to 幸亏；由于 ‎*15.be_based_on以……为根据，以……为基础 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．I couldn't get_through to you yesterday.Something must be wrong with the line.‎ ‎2．We have to keep_pace_with the new development of modern technology to live a comfortable life.‎ ‎3．This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are_based_on class prejudice.‎ ‎4．You must keep_your_word if you want to be trusted.‎ ‎5．Thanks_to these donations, people in earthquakehit areas can ‎ have some food and water.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．make up 　　　　　　 和解 ‎2．communicate with 与……交流 ‎3．be ready to help others 乐于助人 ‎4．be concerned for/about ... 对……担心/关心 ‎5．share ...with ... 与……分享……‎ ‎6．have ...in common 有共同之处 ‎7．fit in with ...与……相适应/相融洽 ‎8．get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 ‎9．be in harmony with ... 与……和谐相处/‎ ‎ 协调 ‎10．be on good terms with sb.与某人关系好 ‎11．break up 分手；解散；结束 ‎12．be bored with 厌烦 ‎13．be fed up with 受够了 ‎14．be to blame 应受责备 ‎15．have words with ... 与……发生口角 ‎16．in public 在公共场合 ‎17．show concern for 关心……‎ ‎ [三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．疑问词＋do you think＋句子的其他部分 ‎[例句]　What do you think the sayings tell us about friendship?‎ ‎[仿写]　你认为哪条旅行路线适合你？(2017·北京高考满分作文)‎ Which_travel_route_do_you_think_will be suitable for you?‎ ‎2．否定转移 ‎[例句]　I don't think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ ‎[仿写]　如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)‎ If you miss this chance, I_don't_think_you_will_have a second chance to play with outstanding players.‎ ‎3．状语从句的省略 ‎[例句]　When asked, they usually hesitate before responding, ‘My best friend? ...’‎ ‎[仿写]　按计划，我们将于七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。‎ ‎(2017·6月浙江高考满分作文)‎ As_planned,_we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．A man who has friends must show himself friendly.‎ 要有朋友，必须友善待人。‎ ‎2．It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.‎ 正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。‎ ‎3．As long as we obey the rules mentioned above, we will find it easy to get along well with our friends.‎ 只要我们遵守上面提到的规则，我们就会发现与我们的朋友友好相处会很容易。‎ ‎4．To build up real friendship, we should make friends with those who we can trust.‎ 为建立真正的友谊，我们应该和那些我们可以信任的人交朋友。‎ ‎5．Being polite is the most important step to develop relationship among friends.‎ 礼貌是建立朋友关系的最重要一步。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ To get along well with others and win their friendships, we must ‎ observe strictly the following words.‎ To begin with, we need to be honest with others. Lies will surely make people stay far away from us in the long run. After all, honesty is the best policy. Second, we have to be modest enough. If we are proud in public, we can hardly win others' respect, not to mention friendship. Finally, we must not be selfish. We should learn how to show concern for others.‎ 要想与别人友好相处，并赢得友谊，就必须做到以下所述：‎ 首先，要诚实守信地对待别人，从长远来看，说谎一定会使人远离你，毕竟，诚实是最好的策略。其次，就是要有足够的虚心。假如我们在公共场合自傲，我们很难赢得别人的尊重，更不用提友谊了。最后，我们不能自私，我们应该学着关心别人。‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作 ‎　[教材原句]　Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. ‎ 后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是察觉到哪儿有点不对劲。‎ pretend ‎①Mary pretended not to_see (see) me when I passed by, which made me very angry.‎ 我走过的时候，玛丽假装没看见我，这使我很生气。‎ ‎②When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen (fall) asleep.‎ 当她的妈妈进来时，她假装已经睡着了。‎ ‎③She pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the bell. ‎ ‎＝She pretended not_to_be at home when we rang the bell.‎ 我们按门铃时，她假装不在家。‎ ‎2．admit vt.& vi.承认 vt.允许进入；接纳 ‎　[经典例句]　I hate to admit it, but you are right.‎ 我不得不承认，你是对的。‎ ‎(1)admit doing/having done/that ... 承认……‎ admit sb.to/into ...准许某人进入/加入/入学(入院)‎ be admitted to/into 被接纳进入；被录取到……‎ admit sb./sth.to be/as 承认某人/某物……‎ ‎(2)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ‎①She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted_that I hadn't. (2017·天津高考)‎ 她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。‎ ‎②The boy admitted_having_broken the window while playing football.‎ 那个男孩承认他踢足球时打破了窗户。‎ ‎③Being_admitted (admit) to the university is just the beginning and you will have a long way to go ahead of you. ‎ 被大学录取仅仅是一个开端，你前面还有很长的路要走。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义 ‎④The stadium built last year admits 35,000 people.能容纳，装得下 ‎3．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅，宽恕 ‎　[教材原句]　I don't think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ 我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。‎ forgive one's doing sth.　　　　原谅某人做了某事 forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌 ‎①I forgave him for what he said yesterday.‎ 我原谅他昨天所说的话了。‎ ‎②Please forgive my_being_late;_I was stuck in the traffic jam.‎ 请原谅我迟到了，我遇上了交通堵塞。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“原谅某人(做)某事”的短语还有：pardon/excuse sb. for (doing) sth.等。‎ ‎4．focus vi.& vt.集中注意力；(使)聚焦n.焦点；重点 ‎　[教材原句]　The other team was superb and we really had to focus.‎ 我们的对手很厉害，我们必须得集中精力。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中focus的含义 ‎①The UN's role in promoting peace is increasingly the focus of international attention. 焦点 ‎②If you focus the sun's rays on dry wood with a burningglass, it will start burning.使聚焦 ‎③The noise made it hard for me to focus on work.集中注意力 ‎(1)focus on　　　　　　　集中于……‎ focus one's eyes/attention/energy/mind on ...‎ 把视线/注意力/精力/心思集中到……上 ‎(2)the focus of ... ……的焦点 ‎④It's high time that we focused/should_focus_our_attention_on ‎ studies.‎ 到了我们应该把注意力集中在学习上的时候了。‎ ‎⑤Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the_focus_of attention/concern.‎ 健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：pay attention to sth.；put one's heart into sth.；fix one's attention on sth.；concentrate one's attention on sth.等。‎ ‎5．remark n．[C]评论，意见vi.& vt.评论，谈论 ‎　[教材原句]　 I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks too, but I dislike seeing our team lose.‎ 我感到很内疚，因为我也说了一些很无情的话，但我不愿意看到我们队输球。 ‎ ‎(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon ‎　　　　　　　　对……发表评论/看法 remark on/upon 谈论/评论……‎ ‎(2)remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 ‎①It's bad manners to remark on/upon the appearance of others.‎ ‎＝It's bad manners to make_a_remark/remarks_on/about the ‎ appearance of others.‎ 对别人的相貌品头论足是不礼貌的。‎ ‎②He showed remarkable (remark) competence when he faced the difficult problems.‎ 他在面对困难的问题时表现出非凡的能力。‎ ‎6．argue vi.争吵，争论vi.& vt.辩论；主张；说服 ‎　[教材原句]　Since we argued, he hasn't spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class. ‎ 自从我们争吵后，尽管我们在课堂上挨着坐，他也不和我说话。‎ ‎(1)argue for ...　　为……而争论；为……而辩护 argue against 争辩(反对……)‎ argue with sb.on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that ... 提出理由说明；主张……‎ ‎(2)argument n. 争论；争辩；论点 beyond argument 无可辩解 ‎①It's no use arguing_with_him_about/on/over the question for he won't change his opinion.‎ 关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，因为他不会改变自己的观点的。‎ ‎②We tried many ways to_argue_him_into_following our advice, but in vain.‎ 我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。‎ ‎③The governments argue_that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.(2017·6月浙江高考阅读)‎ 各国政府认为，这将有助于外国人更好地融入社会，促进跨文化的了解。‎ ‎[名师点津]　argue that ... 意为“主张……”时，that从句的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气“(should) do”形式。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“说服……做……”的其他表达：‎ ‎①persuade sb. to do sth.　②persuade sb. into doing sth.‎ ‎③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth.‎ ‎7．apologize vi.道歉；辩白 ‎　[教材原句]　The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologized to me.‎ 他说的话也伤害了我，可他没有向我道歉。‎ ‎(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.　　因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎(2)apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth.因某事向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 ‎①The teacher suggested that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.‎ ‎＝The teacher suggested that she should make_an_apology_to_her_deskmate_for her bad behaviour.‎ 老师建议她应为自己不得体的行为向同桌道歉。‎ ‎②I owe_you_an_apology_for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)‎ 我应向你道歉，因为星期五下午我不能和你一起去书店。‎ ‎8．blame vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 ‎　[教材原句]　While it may feel awkward, if she really is your best friend you should apologize for blaming her.‎ 虽然这可能会让人感到别扭，如果她真是你最好的朋友，那你应当为责怪她而道歉。‎ ‎(1)blame sb. for sth./doing sth.　　　　　　为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 blame sth.on sb.　把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备 ‎(2)put/lay the blame for sth. on ... 将某事归咎于……‎ ‎①Don't blame_me_for the fight — he kicked me first, and I only kicked him back.‎ 打架这事别怪我，他先踢了我，我才回敬他一脚的。‎ ‎②I am not to_blame (blame) for my laziness, mum. I'm what you have made me. ‎ 妈妈，你不该责备我懒惰。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。‎ ‎③You messed up the whole thing yourself and now you put/lay_the_blame_on me.‎ 你把事情搞糟了，却反过来怪我。‎ ‎9．respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答 ‎　[高考佳句]　Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. (2017·天津高考阅读) ‎ 快速并简单地作出回应，为自己的错误道歉。‎ ‎(1)respond to　　答复……；对……做出反应 ‎(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答 in response to 对……做出反应 make a response to 对……做出回答/应 ‎①Don't respond_to any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.‎ 不要对任何要求提供私人信息的邮件做出回应，不管它们看起来多么正式。‎ ‎②I am writing in_response_to your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.‎ 针对你们招聘临时服务员的广告，我写了这封信。‎ ‎③I want to know why the teacher made_no_response_to the student's mistake.‎ 我想知道老师为什么没有对这个学生所犯的错误作出反应。‎ ‎[名师点津]　以上短语中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 ‎　单句语法填空 ‎①Some of us are sensitive to smells, others find colours easier to remember.‎ ‎②As a celebrity, she is very sensitive about everything to do with her.‎ ‎2．attitude n．态度，看法 ‎　补全句子 ‎①你对我们今天讨论的主题有什么看法？‎ What's your_attitude_towards/to the topic we are discussing today?‎ ‎②对生活持积极的态度是非常重要的。‎ It is very important to have_a_positive_attitude_to/towards life. ‎ ‎3．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 ‎　补全句子 ‎①当飓风袭击海岸时，整个小城处于海浪的控制之下。‎ When the hurricane struck the coast, the whole town was at_the_mercy_of the big wave.‎ ‎②我从不怜惜自负的人们，因为我觉得他们无处不能自我安慰。‎ I never show_mercy_to/have_mercy_on_ overconfident people because they can comfort themselves everywhere.‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The thief was sentenced to three years in prison after he admitted breaking (break) into Mrs. Robinson's house that night. ‎ ‎2．She pretended to_be_listening (listen) to the manager, but actually she was thinking about something else.‎ ‎3．They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.‎ ‎4．I make an apology (apologize) to you for not being able to reply ‎ to your letter in time.‎ ‎5．She opened the door in response to the knock at the door.‎ ‎6．Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time, and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.‎ ‎7．With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.‎ ‎8．Please make a remark on what the boss said at the meeting.‎ ‎9．The project changed her attitude to/towards animals and environmental protection.‎ ‎10．Parents are to_blame (blame) for children's spending a lot of money because they don't give children positive guidance in consumption.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．In order not to be deserted by the society, no matter who we are, we must respond with the call of the times.with→to ‎2．The fields give high and stable yields regardless climatic circumstances.regardless后加of ‎3．After three years of hard work, he admitted into Qinghua University.he后加was ‎4．The captain made apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the weather.made后加an ‎5．Now many teachers focus more to giving kids access to the ‎ Information Highway. 第一个to→on ‎6．It was more than I could bear when she put the blame for all the failure to me.to→on Ⅲ.单句写作(一句多译)‎ ‎1．我想知道他为什么对我的建议未做出回应。‎ ‎①I want to know why he didn't respond_to_my_suggestion. (respond)‎ ‎② I want to know why he made_no_response_to_my_suggestion.(response)‎ ‎2．她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。‎ ‎①She blamed_her_husband_for the failure of their marriage. (blame)‎ ‎②She blamed_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband. (blame ... on)‎ ‎③She put_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(put the blame for ... on)‎ ‎3．她假装复习过这篇课文，其实根本没有。‎ ‎①She pretended_to_have_reviewed the text, but she had not.(pretend to have done)‎ ‎②She pretended_that_she_had_reviewed the text, but she had not.(pretend that ...)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．get through (用电话)接通；穿过，通过(考试、议案等)；做完，完成；到达；用完，花光，熬过(困境)‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon get through.‎ 我们的热线非常忙碌，但请继续尝试，你会很快就接通的。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中get through的含义 ‎①I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to get through.接通 ‎②I am glad to hear that she got through the exam, which she had been preparing for for a long time.通过 ‎③We got through all our usual Friday job list with his help ahead of time.完成 ‎④Let me use the typewriter when you get through with it.用完 go through　　经历，经受；仔细检查；完成；通过 look through 浏览；翻阅 see through 看穿，识破 break through 突破(障碍)‎ ‎⑤When you have finished your list of personal preferences, go_through it again.‎ 等你列出个人喜好的单子后，从头到尾再检查一遍。‎ ‎2．regardless of 不管，不顾 ‎　[教材原句]　The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of the basis of these friendships. ‎ 不管男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。‎ ‎①Regardless of being (be) badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.‎ 不顾严重的伤势，这个老妇人眼里充满了爱意地抬头看着Tenyson，并朝他微笑了一下。‎ ‎②It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless_of_positions.‎ 这意味着全体人员不管什么职位，为了一个好的结果，都应该认真倾听并大声说出来。‎ ‎3．end up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎　[教材原句]　I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room. ‎ 最终我回到火车站，在候车室里度过了这一天的剩余时间。‎ end up＋adj./v.ing 　　　最后/最终……‎ end up as ... 最终成为或变成……‎ end up with ... 以……结束 end up in ... 以……结束 ‎①If you continue to steal you'll end up in prison.‎ 你要是继续行窃，终归得进监狱。‎ ‎②If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting (get) something you don't want.‎ 如果你不知道要什么，那你可能最终会得到你并不想要的东西。‎ ‎③Fresh pumpkins might end up as jackolanterns at Halloween.‎ 新鲜的南瓜可能会在万圣节的时候最终变成南瓜灯。‎ ‎[名师点津]　end up with后接表具体事物的名词，该名词是事情发展的最后一部分；end up in后接表抽象概念的名词，该名词是指事情发展的结果。‎ ‎4．rely on 依靠，依赖；信任 ‎[教材原句]　Friendship means having someone I can rely on.‎ ‎ 友谊意味着我有一个可依赖的人。‎ rely on sb. to do sth.　　　　指望/相信某人做某事 rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……‎ ‎①We had to rely on a compass and a lot of luck to get here.‎ 我们不得不依靠指南针和不错的运气找到这儿来。‎ ‎②In the future, John says, he won't rely on others to_handle (handle) this.‎ John说，今后他不会再依赖别人处理这种事。‎ ‎③You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.‎ 你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。‎ ‎[联想发散]　在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有：love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。‎ ‎[名师点津]　rely on和depend on表示“依靠；依赖”时，基本是一样的。当表示“由……决定”时，用depend on；表示“看情况而定”时，用it/that (all) depends。‎ ‎5．I don't_think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ 我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。‎ ‎　否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：‎ ‎(1)主语是第一人称I或we ‎(2)主句谓语是一般现在时 ‎(3)谓语动词应是think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等 ‎①We_don't_suppose/think you understand in the least what we're ‎ trying to say.‎ 我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。‎ ‎②I don't think you've met Xiao Xin, have_you?‎ 我想你没遇见小新，对吗？‎ ‎[名师点津]　变成反意疑问句时，反意疑问句一般与从句的主语和时态保持一致。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．We expect that the water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before_long.‎ ‎2．Those who always rely_on external factors cannot always achieve success.‎ ‎3．Come on, boys! Let's cut out the monkey business and get_down_to work.‎ ‎4．Unfortunately, an accident happened and Mr. Smith ended_up in a chair with two wheels.‎ ‎5．The bill has got_through and will put into force next week.‎ ‎6．The play succeeded thanks_to fine acting by all the cast.‎ ‎7．Regardless_of what others say, you shouldn't give up.‎ ‎8．The truth is that someone still wants to spy_on us.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．我们提前完成了工作。他们也是如此。‎ We have fulfilled our work ahead of schedule._So_have_they. ‎ ‎2．除非受到邀请，否则我不去参加宴会。‎ I won't go to the party unless_invited. ‎ ‎3．你可以相信这一点，这项工作将提前完成。‎ You may_rely_on_it_that_the work will be finished ahead of time.‎ ‎4．Jack仍禁不住担心他的工作面试。‎ Jack still_can't_help_being_anxious/worried_about_his job interview.‎ ‎5．我想不会有任何人反对这个计划。‎ I don't_think_anyone_will object to the plan.‎ ‎6．你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可终得美梦。‎ Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end_up_with_sweet_dreams.‎ ‎7．我们的俱乐部对每个人开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。‎ Our club is open to everyone regardless_of_age,_sex_or_educational_background. ‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①不管你们是什么样的好朋友，彼此间都有可能有误会。‎ Regardless_of_what_good_friends_you_two_are,_there are some chances of misunderstanding between each other.‎ ‎②无论何时这事发生，相互争吵或为此事责备是没用的，你必须学会原谅他/她。‎ Whenever it happens, it is no use arguing_with_each_other_or_blaming each_other_for it_and you_must_learn_to_forgive_him/her.‎ ‎③在做一些事情时，你最好与你的朋友保持同步。‎ You'd better keep_pace_with_your_friend in doing something.‎ ‎④他/她可能依靠你帮助他/她克服一些困难。‎ He/She may rely_on_you_to_help_him/her_to_overcome some difficulties.‎ ‎⑤不管你的朋友有什么大麻烦，支持他/她，分享他/她的感情，你们的友谊将最终持续更久、更坚固。‎ Regardless of what great trouble your friend has, support him/her, share his/her feelings, and your friendship will_end_up_lasting_longer_and_firmer.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 用it作形式宾语改写句④‎ He/She_may_rely_on_it_that_you_will_help_him/her_to_get_over_some_difficulties.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first of all, most importantly)‎ Regardless of what good friends you two are, there are some chances of misunderstanding between each other. Whenever it happens, it is no use arguing with each other or blaming each other for it and you must learn to forgive him/her.‎ First of all, you'd better keep pace with your friend in doing something. He/She may rely on it that you will help him/her to overcome some difficulties. Most importantly, regardless of what great trouble your friend has，support him/her, share his/her feelings, and your friendship will end up lasting longer and firmer.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——并列句与主从复合句混用]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 Sometimes, other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study, but we like it that way.‎ 并列连词but连接两个并列句，分别是：other children say和we like it that way。 We are no fun是宾语从句。because we are ... to study是because引导的原因状语从句。‎ 但我们都必须承认，随着我们渐渐衰老，我们的反应会变得迟钝，而这经常导致人们避开一些有潜在挑战性的路况，并对自己的驾驶技术逐渐失去信心。‎ 真题长难句 But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 主句谓语动词accept后为that引导的宾语从句，从句中含有as引导的时间状语从句及and连接的并列分句“our reactions slow down”与“this often results in ... skills”。注意第二分句中avoiding ... conditions与losing ... skills为并列的动名词短语作results in的宾语。‎ ‎ “与人相处”是“人际关系”的子话题。一个人在社会上行走，要想达到无往不胜，首先得懂得处理好人际关系，和谐、友好、积极、亲密的人际关系都属于良好的人际关系，对于一个人的工作、生活和学习是很有益的，在高考语篇中此类话题的文章多以记叙文、说明文为主。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)‎ ‎[1]I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn't want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don't know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.‎ ‎[2]The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other — but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.‎ ‎[3]We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have ‎ success, you should put something back — he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.‎ ‎[4]I last saw him a few months ago. He'd been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.‎ ‎24．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?‎ A．Paul Newman wanted it.‎ B．The studio powers didn't like his agent.‎ C．He wasn't famous enough.‎ D．The director recommended someone else.‎ ‎25．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?‎ A．They were of the same age.‎ B．They worked in the same theater.‎ C．They were both good actors.‎ D．They had similar characteristics.‎ ‎26．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Their belief.‎ B．Their care for children.‎ C．Their success.‎ D．Their support for each other.‎ ‎27．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To show his love of films.‎ B．To remember a friend.‎ C．To introduce a new movie.‎ D．To share his acting experience.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1～2 段 第1～2段画波浪线部分 作者与Paul相识的背景，以及建立友谊的原因 友谊建立 第3段 第3段画波浪线部分 作者如何与Paul保持他们之间的友谊 友谊保持 第4 段 第4段画波浪线部分 作者与Paul的默契程度 友谊加深 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　从制作那部电影和四年后的电影《骗中骗》中生出来的友谊都植根于这样一个事实：尽管有年龄差别，但是我们两个都是从戏剧和电视直播的传统中出来的。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎24．细节理解题。选C　根据第一段中的“When the studio didn't want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me.”可知，电影公司起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。故选C项。‎ ‎25．推理判断题。选D　根据文章第二段中的“We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。‎ ‎26．代词指代题。选A　根据第三段中的“We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back”可知，下文的内容是对the ‎ belief的解释，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。‎ ‎27．写作目的题。选B　根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago.”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法 9]　理清逻辑关系，判断代词指向 代词指代题考查依据语境逻辑推断人称代词和指示代词意义的能力。人称代词指代题要求对it, they, them, she, he等人称代词的正确指代做出判断；指示代词指代题主要考查对this, these, that, those等指示代词指代意义的判断。历年高考题中代词指代题常出现在人物变换多或动作更换频的语境中。解题时，可采用如下方法：‎ ‎1．理清人物及事物间的逻辑关系是解答代词指代题的关键所在。考生可利用上下文，采用逻辑关系梳理法，使人物或事物的关系明朗化。‎ ‎2．要注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代：代词指代在性(阴性或阳性)、数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。也就是说代词所指代的词通常在本句或其前句中，根据这条原则，考生可以快速排除选项中出现在代词之后的词汇，锁定答案，最后带入原句中进行验证。‎ 例如第26题，that 所在的段首第一句中出现了关键词belief，下文的内容是对belief的解释，that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的具体内容。紧接着作者说“虽然我和paul ‎ 不经常见面，但是共同的信仰把我们联结在了一起”。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．aggressive adj.　　　　　　　　有进取心的 ‎2．core n. 核心 ‎3．underlying adj. 潜在的，基础的 ‎4．deal n. 交易 ‎5．stand up for 支持，维护 ‎6．focus on 致力于 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．表示歉意；‎ ‎2．说明原因；‎ ‎3．另约时间。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．非常抱歉地说　　　　　I'm_sorry_to_say_that_.../make_an_apology_for_...‎ ‎2．在周五下午 on_Friday_afternoon ‎3．参加一个重要的班会 attend_an_important_class_meeting ‎4．给你造成太大的麻烦 cause_you_too_much_trouble ‎5．动身出发 set_out/off ‎6．选择书籍 select_books ‎7．方便 convenient ‎8．在学校门口外边 outside_the_school_gate ‎9．有空的 available ‎10．任何时间 any_time 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．非常抱歉地告诉你周五下午我不能和你一起去书店。‎ I'm_sorry_to_say_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_on_Friday_afternoon.‎ ‎2．我刚得知那天下午我必须参加一个重要的班会。‎ I_have_just_found_that_I_have_to_attend_an_important_class_meeting_that_afternoon.‎ ‎3．我希望这个改变不会给你造成太大的麻烦。‎ I_hope_the_change_will_not_cause_you_too_much_trouble.‎ ‎4．我们可以早出发。‎ We_can_set_out_early.‎ ‎5．我们将有更多的时间去阅读或选择书籍。‎ We'll_have_more_time_to_read_and_select_books.‎ ‎6．你方便的话。‎ It's_convenient_for_you.‎ ‎7．我们8：30在学校门口外边见面。‎ Let's_meet_at_8：30_outside_the_school_gate.‎ ‎8．如果不(方便)的话，请让我知道最适合你的时间。‎ If_not,_let_me_know_what_time_suits_you_best.‎ ‎9．下周放学后我随时有空。‎ I_should_be_available_any_time_after_school_next_week.‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．将句4、5用so that合并 We_can_set_out_early_so_that_we'll_have_more_time_to_read_and_select_books.‎ ‎2．将句6、7用if合并 If_it's_convenient_for_you,_let's_meet_at_8：30_outside_the_school_gate.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 Dear Bob，‎ I'm sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.‎ Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we'll have more time to read and select books. If it's convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．When his mother came in, he pretended (假装) to be doing his homework.‎ ‎2．The teacher remarked (评论) that the article was well written.‎ ‎3．By focusing (注重) on saving oil, water, paper, food, and ‎ clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.‎ ‎4．There's no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive (敏感的) to the price.‎ ‎5．Once you form the habit of blaming (指责) somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser.‎ ‎6．Despite such a big difference in attitude (看法) towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the West regard the Chinese food as something special.‎ ‎7．In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate (犹豫) to contact our Customer Service Department.‎ ‎8．If you export nothing but raw materials, you will be at the mercy (怜悯) of world prices.‎ ‎9．Without pausing (停顿) for breath he walked straight to the office.‎ ‎10．She is new here, so naturally she is eager (热切的) for friendship.‎ ‎11．I knocked on the door and tried to wake up the children，but there was no response (respond) at all.‎ ‎12．Members receive discounts in the shops and the restaurants, as well as free admission (admit) to the Museum.‎ ‎13．I feel sorry for my behavior yesterday and please accept my sincere apology (apologize)．‎ ‎14．Scientists have produced powerful arguments (argue) against his ‎ ideas.‎ ‎15．He said he felt betrayed (betray) by his friend John at first.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．With his mind focusing on the things not related to his studies, his marks have fallen rapidly.focusing→focused ‎2．I don't suppose that it is true, isn't it？isn't→is ‎3．He is good at English but doesn't do well in Chinese; it is with my brother.it前加so ‎4．Thanks for the angle at which he stood, he could just see the sunset. for→to ‎5．He started as an employee and ended up with head of the firm. with→as ‎6．The teacher made a remark of the high grades the class received in the test.of→on/about ‎7．In response of the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. of→to ‎8．Believe it or not, your attitude for money is more important than how much you have.for→to/towards ‎9．You can rely upon that it will rain this weekend.upon后加it ‎10．Whether the secretary will be fired or not is to the mercy of her boss.to→at Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．我认为不是每一个人都能成功。(否定转移)‎ I_don't_think/suppose_everyone_will_be_successful.‎ ‎2．如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。(end up in)‎ You_will_end_up_in_failure_if_you_don't_follow_my_advice.‎ ‎3．你可以相信这一点，你处于困境时，他会帮你。(rely on)‎ You_may_rely_on_it_that_he_will_help_you_when_you_are_in_trouble.‎ ‎4．我在医院做志愿者的经历使我更能理解残疾人的需求。(sensitive to)‎ My_voluntary_experience_in_the_hospital_made_me_much_more_sensitive_to_the_needs_of_the_disabled.‎ ‎5．我经常在晚饭后出去散步，她也这样。(so＋助动词＋主语)‎ I_often_go_out_for_a_walk_after_supper._So_does_she.‎ Ⅳ.一句多译 ‎1．老板进来时他假装在看一份重要文件。‎ ‎①He pretended_that_he_was_reading_an_important_document when the boss came in.(pretend that ...)‎ ‎②He pretended_to_be_reading_an_important_document when the boss came in.(pretend to do sth.)‎ ‎2．你应当有勇气承认错误。‎ ‎①You should have the courage to_admit_your_mistakes.(admit sth.)‎ ‎②You should have the courage to_admit_your_making_mistakes.(admit one's doing sth.) ‎ ‎③You should have the courage to_admit_that_you_made_mistakes.(admit that ...) ‎ ‎3．让他等了这么久，你应该为此向他道歉。‎ ‎①You should apologize_to_him_for_having_kept_him waiting so long.(apologize to sb. for doing sth.)‎ ‎②You should make_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept_him waiting so long.(make an apology to sb. for doing sth.)‎ ‎③You owe_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept_him waiting so long.(owe an apology to sb. for doing sth.)‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A ‎“My neighbor doesn't speak English, but her kindness needs no translation.”‎ Angie Morris, an 81yearold Canadian woman who grew up in wartime Britain and now lives in Vancouver, British Columbia, was describing how her nextdoor neighbor, Ms. Wing, a 68yearold Chinese woman, voluntarily cooks meals for her every day. She called it “the ultimate homedelivery service”．‎ Morris's moving, firstperson narrative which was published last week by the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail, has gone popular, with more than 24,000 online reposts.‎ ‎“I know what is inside the paper carrier bag，” she wrote. “A thermos with hot soup and a stainlesssteel container with a meal of rice, vegetables and either chicken, meat or shrimp, sometimes with a kind of pancake. This has become an almost daily occurrence.”‎ Wing started her act of kindness when she learned that Morris had to undergo heart surgery. She took it upon herself to begin feeding her neighbor, even though the two women have no way of communicating verbally. Wing speaks only Mandarin, and Morris's Mandarin is limited to ni hao (hello)．‎ ‎“So here we are, two grandmothers a world away from where we were raised, neither of us able to speak the other's language, but communicating one way or another (with some help from technology). The doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar brown paper carrier bag, handed smilingly to me by Wing，” Morris wrote.‎ Readers and netizens around the world have been touched by this relationship that crosses national boundaries and focuses on human kindness.‎ ‎“You know that most people in this world just want to live a good life，” one reader commented. “I come from old Ireland, so I can tell you a thing or two about conflict. The point is, most people are very good with big hearts and want their children to grow up safe and in places like this country can offer.”‎ 语篇解读：互为邻居的两位老人温女士与安吉·莫里斯虽然语言不通无法交流，但温女士在得知莫里斯要做手术的消息后，主动为其做饭。她的善举感动了很多读者和网友。‎ ‎1．Why did Ms. Wing cook meals for Morris?‎ A．Morris had some health problems.‎ B．Wing was an expert cook.‎ C．Ms. Wing had nothing else to do.‎ D．They were raised in the same place.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Wing started her act of kindness when she learned that Morris had to undergo heart surgery.”可知，温女士因为知道莫里斯要做手术，所以做饭给她吃。故选A项。‎ ‎2．Which of the following words can best describe Ms. Wing?‎ A．Kindhearted.　　　　 B．Sensitive.‎ C．Communicative. D．Arrogant.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读文章可知，温女士一直自愿为邻居做饭，所以推断她是一位善良、热心的女士。故选A项。sensitive意为“敏感的”； communicative意为“爱说话的；好社交的”； arrogant意为“傲慢的；自大的”。‎ ‎3．What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?‎ A．Most people in this world are having a good life.‎ B．People from different countries easily have conflicts.‎ C．Old Ireland is a place where children can grow up safe.‎ D．People are impressed and moved by Ms. Wing's behavior.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第七段以及第八段网友的留言可知，很多读者和网友都被温女士的善举所感动，感受到了跨越国界和语言的人性之善。故选D项。‎ ‎4．Which can be the best title of this passage?‎ A．A Voluntary Cook B．Serving Your Neighbor C．Kindness beyond Language D．Nutritious Meals 解析：选C　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述一位来自中国的温女士虽与邻居莫里斯言语不通，但是得知莫里斯要做手术的消息后，一直自愿为她做饭，这一超越语言和国界的善举感动了很多读者和网友。由此可知，C项最适合用作文章标题。‎ B ‎(2018·河南开封模拟)According to the Global Times, it is reported that two online videos showing children telling their parents “I love you” have gone viral in China. The first, filmed by an Anhui TV station, shows a number of college students telling their parents they love them. The responses are mixed. “Are you drunk？” asked one parent. In another similar video, shot by a Shanxi TV station, a father responded even less ‎ patiently — “I am going to a meeting, so cut the crap.”‎ Why don't Chinese families use those words? Theories revolve around the nature of Confucian teaching. “The parents' responses show that many Chinese are not good at expressing positive emotions，” Xia Xueluan, a sociologist from Peking University, told the Global Times. “They are used to educating children with negative language.”‎ This isn't the first time that China has done some soulsearching about familial love — last year China Daily asked a crosssection of people if they said “I love you” to their parents, spouses, and children. “I have never said ‘I love you’ to my family, and I don't think I will in the future，” one 56yearold man told the paper. “Saying it aloud is embarrassing for me.”‎ Still, that doesn't mean that love can't be expressed. In a separate article, China Daily spoke to Zhao Mengmeng, a 31yearold woman who said she had never told her father she loved him facetoface (“I find it a bit odd”). Sometimes actions speak louder than words. Zhao gave her father a photo album featuring photographs of them together on almost every one of her birthdays in June 2012. The pictures went viral online, being forwarded hundreds of thousands of times on Weibo.‎ ‎“I didn't sleep the night I heard about it，” her father told China Daily after the story attracted mainstream attention. “I have now memorized some of the comments on the collection of pictures.”‎ 语篇解读：中国人一直以含蓄著称，这一特点在向家人表达爱时也不例外。近来，两段视频引起了轰动，文章对此作了介绍。作者运用大量例子解释了中国人为什么不直接说“我爱你”‎ ‎，并列举了其独特的表达方式。‎ ‎5．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．It is not direct for Chinese families to say “I love you”．‎ B．Chinese parents are too proud to express “I love you”．‎ C．Chinese parents are good at expressing positive emotions.‎ D．Young parents in China are willing to express “I love you”．‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段引入的一位被采访者的观点：“Saying it aloud is embarrassing for me.”，下一段介绍了中国人对父母表达爱的特点：“Sometimes actions speak louder than words.”，即用行动而不是语言来向父母表达自己的爱，并列举事例进行证明。由此可推断，中国人通常不会向家人直接表达爱。故选A项。‎ ‎6．Why don't Chinese parents express “I love you” to their children?‎ A．Because they can't express it.‎ B．Because they are not in the habit of expressing so.‎ C．Because they think it unnecessary.‎ D．Because they think it should be done only among young couples.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的后两句可知，中国的父母不习惯这样表达。‎ ‎7．Zhao Mengmeng expressed “I love you” to her father by ________.‎ A．giving him an album containing their photos B．kissing her father's face and telling him by words C．speaking it out bravely in a TV program D．writing out the three words in a letter 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“Zhao gave her father a photo album featuring photographs of them together on almost every one of her birthdays ...”可知，赵萌萌送给爸爸一个相册，里面是他们的照片，以此来表达对父亲的爱。故选A项。‎ ‎8．What's the author's attitude toward the statements about “I love you”？‎ A．Opposed. B．Objective.‎ C．Critical. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。作者通过随机调查告诉我们，中国人为什么不习惯对家人说“我爱你”，在分析完原因后，又通过具体的例子告诉我们中国人如何用一种含蓄的方式向家人表达爱。所有的这些，作者只是在客观描述，没有添加自己的主观情感。故选B项，objective意为“客观的”。‎ 单元检测B——阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Best Companies Shine United (Madison, Wisconsin)‎ In the past five years, this Wisconsinbased advertising agency has shared more than D|S500, 000 in profits with its employees through the company's ShineShares program.The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsin's oncology department to develop the Ride, a biking event that benefits cancer research.Employees also get snacks every day, “Beer Thirty” on Thursdays, and Summer Fridays, a program that lets employees leave at noon.‎ GroundFloor Media (Denver, Colorado)‎ The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime, anywhere.Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown, near Coors Field.The offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the company's “beer club” brings in a new brew.‎ Ergodyne (St.Paul, Minnesota)‎ The St.Paulbased company has grown to operate out of a retired storehouse with plenty of natural light.Rules about dressing？“Wear something.”Its purpose？To create cool, comfortable, and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done.Ergodyne has around 50 employees, who enjoy hotdish cookoffs, tickets to sporting events, and at least one happy hour every quarter.‎ Southwest Michigan First (Kalamazoo, Michigan)‎ It's family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency.CEO Ron Kitchens says that in the past year, the company has made a push to go green, initially started by the millennial employees ‎ who make up half the agency's workforce.A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids' sporting events or going fishing.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了四个最好的公司。它们有的和员工分享利润并给员工提供零食和啤酒，有的鼓励员工陪伴家人，有的允许员工在任何时候任何地点工作，有的允许员工穿着随意的衣服。‎ ‎1．What's the purpose of the ShineShares program?‎ A．To raise money for a research.‎ B．To let employees leave earlier.‎ C．To share the company's benefits.‎ D．To partner with a local university.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在过去的五年时间里，这家位于威斯康星州的广告代理公司通过ShineShares项目和公司员工分享了五十万美元的利润；据此可知，ShineShares项目的目的在于和员工分享利润，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do?‎ A．To accompany their families.‎ B．To create new staff positions.‎ C．To join in cooking competitions.‎ D．To enjoy themselves in sporting events.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句的“It's family first”和最后一句可知，该公司创立了新的职位，目的是保证每个员工能平衡工作和在孩子的运动会中加油或钓鱼的安排；据此可以判断，该公司鼓励员工陪伴家人，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．Which company allows its staff a flexible working time?‎ A．Shine United.‎ B．GroundFloor Media.‎ C．Southwest Michigan First.‎ D．Ergodyne.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在该中等规模的公关公司工作的重点是员工可以在任何时间任何地点工作；据此可知，GroundFloor Media公司允许员工有弹性的工作时间，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．What can we know about the companies mentioned in the text?‎ A．They offer employees financial support.‎ B．They care about employees' happiness.‎ C．They have strict rules about dressing.‎ D．They have training programs.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个通过自己的政策为员工谋幸福的公司：Shine ‎ United公司与员工分享利润，为员工提供零食；GroundFloor Media公司允许员工有弹性的工作时间；Ergodyne公司允许员工任意穿着以创造轻松安全的工作环境；Southwest Michigan First公司鼓励员工陪伴家人。故B项正确。‎ B Standing on one leg is a simple way to assess someone's risk of suffering a stroke (中风), suggests a new study.‎ Researchers have found struggling to balance on one leg for 20 seconds or longer is linked to an increased risk of small blood vessel (血管) damage in the brain and reduced thinking ability in otherwise healthy people with no symptoms.‎ ‎“Our study found the ability to balance on one leg is an important test for brain health. Individuals showing poor balance on one leg should receive increased attention, as this may indicate an increased risk of brain diseases and cognitive (认知的) decline，” said Dr Tabara, associate professor at Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan.‎ The study, published in the journal Stroke, consisted of 841 women and 546 men, with an average age of 67. To measure oneleg standing time, they stood with their eyes open and raised one leg. The maximum time for keeping the leg raised was 60 seconds. The participants performed the examination twice and the better of the two times was used in the study analysis.‎ The researchers found that the inability to balance on one leg for longer than 20 seconds was associated with brain diseases without symptoms. Overall, those with brain diseases were older and had high ‎ blood pressure than those who did not have such diseases.‎ Short onelegged standing time was also linked with lower cognitive score. Although previous studies have examined the connection between physical abilities and the risk of stroke, this is among the first studies to closely examine how long a person can stand on one leg as an indication of their overall brain health.‎ Dr Tabara and his team also found a strong link between struggling to stand on one leg and increased age. ‎ 语篇解读：一项新研究发现，通过一个人单腿站立的时间长短能够推断出其患中风风险的大小以及认知能力是否下降。‎ ‎5．Dr Tabara suggested that one who couldn't stand on one leg for more than 20 seconds________.‎ A．try to improve his physical abilities B．receive medical treatment for brain diseases C．be given special attention to prevent accidents D．be examined for other symptoms of brain diseases 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，研究发现单腿站立时间不超过20秒的人可能有更大的得脑部血管疾病的风险；根据第三段第二句可知，Tabara教授建议单腿站立平衡性差的人应当受到更多的关注，因为这类人患脑部疾病和认知能力下降的风险很大。‎ ‎6．Which of the following factors might decrease oneleg standing time according to the text?‎ a．Heart diseases.　　　　　 B．Cognitive decline.‎ c．High blood pressure. D．The aging process.‎ e．Brain diseases.‎ A．a, b, d B．a, c, d C．b, c, e D．b, d, e 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句、第六段第一句和第七段可知，单腿站立时间短与脑部疾病(e)、认知能力的降低(b)以及年龄增长(d)有关，故选D项。‎ ‎7．What can we learn about the study from the fourth paragraph?‎ A．It was led by Dr Tabara.‎ B．It included more than 1,300 people.‎ C．It examined people of different age groups.‎ D．It required the participants to close their eyes first.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“consisted of 841 women and 546 men”可知，这项研究共有1 387人参与，故B项正确。‎ ‎8．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．Overall Brain Health Deserves Close Attention B．Brain Diseases Without Symptoms Require Attention C．Can't Stand on One Leg? You May Be at Risk of Stroke D．Can't Keep Your Balance? You May Have Brain Damage 解析：选C　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现：通过一个人单腿站立的时间长短，研究人员能够推断出其患中风风险的大小。故C项是最佳标题。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Improve Speed Reading Skills Speed reading is one of many skills that can improve your reading comprehension and shorten your study time. __1__‎ Look at groups of words, not single words.‎ ‎__2__ However, if you can get into the habit of reading groups or chunks (大量) of words at one time, then you can read much faster. Start by trying to look at a group of three or four words at once, then work up to looking at an entire line of works. Focus on words that give the sentence meaning, such as the nouns and verbs and pay less attention to the filler words, such as a, the, and, etc.‎ Scan for keywords.‎ Scanning is a highly effective way of extracting answers from a text without really reading it. If you know exactly what you are looking for — a name, a date, a statistic, or a specific word — you can find it quickly by skipping over large chunks of the text. To scan, first visualize the word, number, or phrase you would like to find. __3__ The information you are looking for should pop out at you.‎ ‎__4__‎ You can train yourself to read faster by timing yourself as you go. Start by getting your base time. Set a timer for fifteen minutes, and speed ‎ read as you normally do. __5__ Do not count the words, just the pages or paragraphs. Record your figures: for instance, you might write “15 min/6.5 pages.”‎ A．Then, run your eyes rapidly over the text.‎ B．Race the clock.‎ C．Check your comprehension.‎ D．If you read a text one word at a time, then this will slow your reading speed down.‎ E．Here are some speed reading techniques.‎ F．One of the reasons why you read slowly is that you have to pause sometimes to understand what a passage is saying.‎ G．When the timer goes off, check to see how far you have got.‎ ‎1．选E　上文提到速读不仅能提高阅读理解能力，还能缩短学习时间，下文则介绍了几个提高速读技巧的方法，由此可知，E项(下面是一些速读技巧)符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。‎ ‎2．选D　本段主题是阅读时要按词组阅读，而不是按照单个词。设空后提到“reading groups or chunks (大量) of words at one time，”且However表转折，因此，设空处应指按照单个词来读。故D项(如果你一个词一个词地阅读，就会使阅读速度放慢)符合语境。‎ ‎3．选A　本段主题是扫读关键词，A项(然后，快速浏览原文)与主题一致，且承接前一句“To scan, first ...”故选A项。‎ ‎4．选B　根据其他标题的格式可将答案锁定在B、C两项；根据本段第一句中的关键信息“by timing yourself as you go”可知，本段主要是介绍阅读计时的。故选B项。‎ ‎5．选G　上文提到设定一个15分钟的时间段，像平常一样阅读，G项(当时间到了，检查一下完成了多少)符合逻辑。故选G项。‎