江苏省苏锡常镇四市2020届高三教学情况调查（一）英语试题 Word版含解析 34页

www.ks5u.com ‎2019-2020学年度苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查(一)‎ 英语试题 第一卷(选择题共85分)‎ 第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)‎ 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the woman think of gardening?‎ A.Tiring B. Boring. C Enjoyable ‎2. Why does the man call Johnson's office?‎ A. To ask for sick leave B. To have his car repaired. C. To put off the appointment.‎ ‎3. What does the woman mean?‎ A. She won't sit next to John. B She doesn't like the movie. C She enjoys talking to John ‎4. Where is the man probably now?‎ A. At home B. In the office C. In a restaurant ‎5. How much does the woman pay for her tickets?‎ A. $8.8 B.$10. C.$11.2‎ 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. Why is the man going to Chengdu?‎ A To go on business B. To call on his aunt C. To make a living ‎7. When will it probably be sunny in Chengdu?‎ - 34 -‎ A Next Monday. B Next Thursday. C Next Saturday 听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What's the matter with the woman's phone?‎ A. It has run out of power. B. It is loaded with too many things C. It stores too many online pictures ‎9. What will Nancy probably do next?‎ A Buy a memory card B. Ask for the man's help C. Remove some pictures 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What does the man ask the woman to do for him?‎ A Draw some money. B Change some money C Make new regulations ‎11. How much can the man change at most after 3: 00 pm?‎ A.$300 B. $ 400 C. $600‎ ‎12. What can we know about the woman?‎ A. She's impatient B. She's considerate C. She's responsible.‎ 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A Latest meetings B Job changes C. Trip plans.‎ ‎14. Where is Sherry going to work?‎ A Shenzhen B. Beijing C Shanghai ‎15. What can we know about Trish?‎ A. She is fed up with her work B. She wants to apply for a transfer C. She enjoys traveling at her job ‎16. What's the relationship between the two speakers?‎ A Colleagues B. A couple C Customer and saleswoman.‎ 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. At what age was Laurent Simons admitted into university?‎ A. At 8 B. At 9 C. At 10‎ ‎18. What is Laurent Simons' major now in the university?‎ A Medicine B. Electrical Engineering. C. Artificial Intelligence - 34 -‎ ‎19. Why does Laurent Simons want to create artificial hearts in the future?‎ A. To complete his final project.‎ B. To help those with heart disease C To follow in his parents' footsteps ‎20. What are Laurent Simon’s parents doing for his development?‎ A. Forcing him to learn quickly.‎ B Forbidding him from any hobbies C Carefully letting him enjoy himself.‎ 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)‎ 第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1.Though awarded as National Teacher of the Year, she has a guilty ______ for spending so little time with her kids.‎ A. complaint B. conscience C. commitment D. compromise ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管被授予了年度国家教师奖，她还是为自己很少和孩子们在一起而感到内疚。A. complaint抱怨；B. conscience道德心；C. commitment承诺，保证；D. compromise妥协。固定搭配：have a guilty conscience for“对……感到内疚”。符合句意。故选B。‎ ‎2.Nezha, the highest-earning animated film ever in China, was ______ in North America in August, 2019.‎ A. relieved B. restored C. registered D. released ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：《哪吒》是中国有史以来收入最高的动画电影，于2019年8月在北美上映。A. relieved减轻，解除；B. restored修复；C. registered注册；D.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎ released发布，释放。此处指电影“发布，上映”。故选D。‎ ‎3.Chinese tech giant Huawei launched its new operating system called Harmony, creating an ______ app ecosystem to Google's Android A. alternative B. aggressive C. academic D. abstract ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国科技巨头华为发布了名为“和谐”的新操作系统，创造了一个可替代谷歌的安卓系统的应用生态系统。A. alternative供选择的，选择性的；B. aggressive有进取心的；C. academic学术的，理论的；D. abstract抽象的。此处指“可供选择的，可替代的”。故选A。‎ ‎4.— Have you heard of Li Ziqi a popular vlogger?‎ ‎—Definitely. How I wish I ______ her, showing the world the wonderful culture of China A. am B. were C. will be D. had been ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你听说过李子柒吗，一个很受欢迎的视频博主?——当然。我多么希望我是她，向世界展示中国精彩的文化。动词wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与现在的事实相反，句子用一般过去时态，be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故选B。‎ ‎5.Economists have long focused on the concept of education as an investment that, on average ______ well over the long term, for both individual students and society as a whole A. gets around B. makes up C. holds on D. pays off ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：长期以来，经济学家一直将教育视为一种投资，从长期来看，这种投资对学生个人和整个社会都有良好的回报。A. gets around到处走走，传开来；B. makes up编造，组成；C. holds on 不挂断电话，继续；D. pays - 34 -‎ ‎ off得到回报。此处指最终会“得到回报”。故选D。‎ ‎6.______ the environmental impacts of larger plastics are well documented, very little is understood about the dangers associated with micro plastics.‎ A. While B. As C. Because D. If ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然较大的塑料对环境的影响已有详细记录，但对于微塑料的危害却知之甚少。A. While 尽管；B. As由于；C. Because因为；D. If如果。此处是while“尽管”引导的让步状语从句。故选A。‎ ‎7.The Amazon rainforest is considered the lungs of Earth, much of ______ located in Brazil A. which B. what C. it D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查代词。句意：亚马逊雨林被认为是地球的肺，大部分位于巴西。此处The Amazon rainforest是句子主语，located是过去分词，其逻辑主语是much of it，这里是过去分词的独立主格结构，而不是定语从句，用it代替The Amazon rainforest。故选C。‎ ‎8.______ some jokes into her speech, she grabbed the attention of the audience all the time.‎ A. Working B. To work C. Worked D. Work ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：她在演讲中穿插了一些笑话，一直吸引着听众的注意力。此处句子主语she和动词work之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语。故选A。‎ ‎9.The past decades have witnessed China's many scientific achievements ______ the development of Shenwei supercomputers is a typical example A. to which B. for which C. in which D. of which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ - 34 -‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：过去的几十年见证了中国的许多科学成就，其中神威超级计算机的发展就是一个典型的例子。此处achievements是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作介词of的宾语，介词后面指人用whom，指物用which。故选D。‎ ‎10.Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A. have drowned B. has been drowned C. is drowning D. are drowned ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没。根据Nowadays可知句子用现在进行时态，再根据句子主语growth是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。‎ ‎11.More attention on digital books reflects a rising trend in the industry towards ______ many are calling "digital first"‎ A. which B. that C. what D. where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对电子书的更多关注反映出该行业正朝着许多人所说的“数字优先”的方向发展。此处介词towards后面是宾语从句，连接词既引导宾语从句又要做宾语从句谓语动词的宾语。故选C。‎ ‎12.—I’m so annoyed! And I just don’t understand why Mike is constantly speaking ill of me.‎ ‎—Don’t take it ______.He treats everyone the same A. thoroughly B. individually C. accurately D. personally ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——我太生气了!我就是不明白为什么迈克总是说我的坏话。—— 听完不要生气。他对每个人都一样。A. thoroughly 彻底地；B. individually个别地，单独地；C. accurately精确地；D. personally亲自地。习惯用语：Don’t take it - 34 -‎ ‎ personally.“ 听完不要生气。”故选D。‎ ‎13.When we look up at the night sky and wonder whether there is anyone else out there, we're actually asking who we are ______ the universe A. in preference to B. in relation to C. in advance of D. in recognition of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我们仰望夜空，想知道是否还有其他人在那里时，我们实际上是在问，相对于宇宙而言，我们是谁。A. in preference to优先于；B. in relation to与相比；C. in advance of超过，在……前面；D. in recognition of承认，表彰。此处指“与宇宙相比”。故选B。‎ ‎14.New regulations make it clear that to use children's information, network operators ______ obtain the children's guardians' permission in a clear manner A. may B. shall C. could D. might ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：新规明确规定，网络运营商使用儿童信息应明确获得儿童监护人的许可。情态动词shall用于陈述句的第二、三人称表示允许、威胁、恐吓、义务、命令等。故选B。‎ ‎15.— Do you know that the latest AI technology can read minds?‎ ‎—Yes, but don't you think that allowing data to be taken directly from our brains is like ______ giving rise to unpredictable consequences A. killing the fatted calf B. taking things as they come C. opening Pandora’s box D. putting the cart before the horse ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语。句意：——你知道最新的人工智能技术能读懂人的思想吗?——是的，但是你不认为允许数据直接从我们的大脑中获取信息就像打开了潘多拉的盒子一样，会导致不可预知的后果。A. killing the fatted calf最好的款待；B. taking things as they come 既来之则安之；C. opening Pandora’s box打开潘多拉的盒子；D. putting the cart before - 34 -‎ ‎ the horse本末倒置。故选C。‎ 第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Few 17-year-old girls know how to weld (焊接)two metal pipes together. I have learned this skill in the past five years as a(n) ___16___for my father’s personal plumbing (管道装置) business.This summer job often needs to deal with the mess that causes physical and mental ___17___ ,and, to some extent, ___18___ a tough and elegant attitude. It is often difficult to cope with. But I ___19___‎ Every morning, I have to put on a pair of men's jeans Most of my peers are ___20___ to wear it in public. I ___21___ tied my hair when I rushed out of the house, and ___22___ into the front passenger seat of the plumber's construction vehicle.‎ When my peers were part-time babysitters or lifeguards, I was helping my father in the dirty bathroom or the ___23___ basement. Thick dust ___24___my nose and mouth, and my hands became black. There is nothing beautiful and neat; every thing in front of you is ___25___‎ Honestly speaking, I felt___26___, discouraged and unable to think hard Pipe work is a tough job, and I sometimes hate it. I asked myself why I had to___27___these dust and sweat. I can even find another job, a ___28___job more like my peers.‎ ‎___29___, just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected by these little ___30___ emotions After all, the world is built by people who are willing to get their hands ___31___. Life is a process of ___32___ chaos and learning to clean up, and pipeline work is no ___33___.‎ My dad and I not only create chaos, we also create___34___. When customers are ___35___ for our work, I understand that we have brought order to their lives in small places. The physical and mental discomfort of plumbing work is worth it.‎ ‎16. A. companion B. fellow C. assistant D. engineer ‎17. A. misfortune B. pleasure C. discomfort D. injury ‎18. A. requires B. reflects C. reviews D. recovers ‎19. A. promised B. waited C. resisted D. insisted - 34 -‎ ‎20. A. eager B. able C. unwilling D. impatient ‎21. A. carefully B. normally C. eventually D. hurriedly ‎22. A. looked B. moved C. climbed D. turned ‎23. A. big B. damp C. cool D. warm ‎24. A. covered B. separated C. infected D. protected ‎25. A. dangerous B. interesting C. crucial D. ugly ‎26. A. fearless B. powerless C. effortless D. endless ‎27. A. respect B. wipe C. tolerate D. replace ‎28. A. renewable B. responsible C. regular D. realistic ‎29. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Instead ‎30. A. disturbing B. surprising C. touching D. warning ‎31. A. smooth B. smart C. dirty D. violent ‎32. A. controlling B. accepting C. finishing D. handling ‎33. A. excuse B. puzzle C. description D. exception ‎34. A. memory B. luck C. order D. wealth ‎35. A. grateful B. ready C. thirsty D. sorry ‎【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述和父亲修管道的有关事宜。生活就像修管道一样，生活就是一个接受混乱并且学会清理的过程。当客户对他们的工作表示感谢时，作者明白，他们在一些小处给他们的生活带来了秩序。管道工作给身体和精神带来的不适都是值得的。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，我在父亲的个人管道公司做助理时学会了这个技巧。A. companion同伴；B. fellow同事；C. assistant助理；D. engineer工程师。根据第1空前的I have learned this skill in the past five years可知，作者在学技巧，所以是个“助理”。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个暑期工作通常需要处理引起身体和精神不适的混乱，在某种程度上，需要一个坚韧和优雅的态度。A. misfortune 不幸；B. pleasure快乐；C. discomfort不适；D. injury伤害。根据第2空前to deal with the mess that causes physical and mental可知，引起身体“不适”。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个暑期工作通常需要处理引起身体和精神不适的混乱，在某种程度上，需要一个坚强和高雅的态度。A. requires需要；B. reflects 折射，反射；C. reviews评论；D. recovers恢复。此处指“需要”处理身体的不适。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我坚持下来了。A. promised许诺；B. waited等待；C. resisted抵制；D. insisted坚持。根据第4空前的It is often difficult to cope with.和后面的转折词but可知，作者“坚持下来了”。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我不得不穿上一条男式牛仔裤，我的大多数同龄人都不愿意在公共场合穿的那种。A. eager热切的；B. able有能力的；C. unwilling 不愿意的；D. impatient不耐心的。根据I have to put on a pair of men's jeans以及常识，女孩在公共场合“不愿意”穿男牛仔裤。故选C。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我冲出房子，爬上水管工的施工车的副驾驶座时，我赶紧把头发扎了起来。A. carefully细心地；B. normally 正常地；C. eventually最后；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根据第6空后的tied my hair when I rushed out of the house可知，“匆忙”把头发扎起来。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我冲出房子，爬上水管工的施工车的副驾驶座时，我赶紧把头发扎了起来。A. looked 看；B. moved 移动；C. climbed爬；D.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎ turned转变。根据第7空后的into the front passenger seat of the plumber's construction vehicle.可知，“爬”上车。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的同龄人都作兼职保姆或救生员时，我就在肮脏的浴室或潮湿的地下室里帮我父亲。A. big大的；B. damp潮汐的；C. cool凉爽的；D. warm温暖的。根据第8空前后in the dirty bathroom和basement.可知，地下室是“潮湿的”。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：鼻子和嘴上蒙着厚厚的灰尘，我的手都变黑了。A. covered覆盖；B. separated分开；C. infected感染；D. protected保护。根据第9空前的Thick dust可知，灰尘“覆盖了”我的鼻子和嘴。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么是美丽和整洁的;你面前的一切都是丑陋的。A. dangerous危险的；B. interesting有趣的；C. crucial重要的，决定性的；D. ugly丑陋的。根据第10空前的There is nothing beautiful and neat可知，面前的一切是“丑陋的”。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我感到无能为力、灰心丧气、没法好好思考。管道工作是混乱世界的缩影，有时我讨厌它。A. fearless 无畏的；B. powerless无能力的；C. effortless不费力的；D. endless无止境的。根据第11空后的discouraged and unable to think hard可知，作者感到“无能为力”。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问自己为什么要忍受这些灰尘和汗水。A. respect尊重；B. wipe擦，消除；C. tolerate忍受；D. replace替代。根据第12空后的these dust and sweat可知，此处指“忍受”灰尘。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至还可以找到另一份工作，一份更像我的同龄人做的那些普通工作。A. renewable可再生的；B. responsible 负责人的；C. regular有规律的，普通的；D. realistic现实的。根据前文When my peers were part-time babysitters or lifeguards可知，找到一份“普通”工作。故选C。‎ - 34 -‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道一样，我也讨厌被这些小情绪所影响。A. However然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise否则，要不然的话；D. Instead相反，反而。根据第14空后的just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected可知，与上文构成一种“转折”关系。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道，我也讨厌自己会受到这些小小不安情绪的影响。A. disturbing令人不安的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. touching动人的；D. warning警告的。根据第15空前后的just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected 和 emotions可知，此处指“令人不安的”情绪。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这个世界是由那些愿意把手弄脏的人建造的。A. smooth 光滑的，顺利的；B. smart聪明的；C. dirty脏的；D. violent暴力的，猛烈的。根据上文my hands became black可知，此处指建造世界的人愿意把自己的手“弄脏”。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. controlling控制；B. accepting接受；C. finishing完成；D. handling处理。根据第17空后的chaos and learning to clean up,可知，要“接受”混乱。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. excuse借口；B. puzzle迷惑；C. description描述；D. exception例外，异议。根据第18空前的chaos and learning to clean up, and pipeline work可知，此处指管道工作也不“例外”。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸和我不仅制造混乱，我们也创造秩序。A. memory记忆；B. luck幸运；C. order 顺序，命令；D. wealth财富。根据第19空前的not only create chaos, we also create可知，也创造“秩序”。 chaos与order相对应。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当顾客对我们的工作心存感激时，我明白我们为他们在小地方的生活带来了秩序。A. grateful 感激的；B. ready有准备的；C. thirsty渴的；D.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎ sorry难过的。作者及父亲是在解决人们的问题，所以人们心存“感激”。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more/though等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。根据第14小题，句意：然而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道一样，我也讨厌被这些小情绪所影响。A. However然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise否则，要不然的话；D. Instead相反，反而。根据第14空后的just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected可知，与上文构成一种“转折”关系。故选A。‎ 第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A Have you seen the movie Coco? What about Finding Nemo? Did you watch The Incredibles? These movies may seem different, but they actually share a lot in common. For starters, they were all made by an animation studio called Pixar.‎ How can one studio make movies that everyone loves? The secret: Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages and backgrounds can connect with.The most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself.‎ GREAT STORYTELLING IS HARD WORK Storytelling is an art and a skill. Pixar creators know this. They have put a lot of time and thought into what makes a great story. One Pixar storyboard artist named Emma Coates created a list called "The 22 Rules of Storytelling According to Pixar. These are the rules that all Pixar stories must follow in order to be called a good story.‎ One rule is that "You admire a character for trying more than for their successes. In Finding Dory, Dory isn't a perfect character. She finds it hard to remember things. She makes silly mistakes, but never stops trying to find her parents. This makes her the hero of her story. If you have ever tried hard for something, you can relate to Dory - 34 -‎ GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US Why are the stories that Pixar tells important? They get the audience to feel the story Feelings of anger, fear, sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show audience members that we are more alike than different. Because we can connect with the characters' emotions, we can connect with each other The stories that Pixar tells are very creative. No two movies are the same! But the stories and, more importantly, the feelings in each are universal. Even though we, ve never traveled the the power of these stories inspires us. They push us to better understand each other and to seek out our own adventures ‎36. What is special about Pixar according to the author?‎ A. It makes the movies very quickly B. It creates all different types of movie C. It creates stories that tough all the audiences.‎ D. It makes a lot of money from their movies ‎37. How do Pixar films connect with us?‎ A. They teach all of us the same lesson.‎ B. They bring us together to watch movies.‎ C. Their characters are usually physically similar to us.‎ D. Their characters experience the emotions that we all do ‎【答案】36. C 37. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍名为Pixar的动画工作室以及它的特殊之处。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages and backgrounds can connect with.The most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself.“Pixar讲述的故事让所有年龄和背景的观众都能产生共鸣。Pixar电影最重要的部分就是故事本身。”由此可知，Pixar的特殊之处是“它创造的故事让所有的观众都能产生共鸣。”故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 细节理解题。根据GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US中They get the audience to feel the story Feelings of anger, fear, sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show audience members that we are more alike than different.“他们让观众感受到故事中普遍存在的愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、喜悦和爱。通过这种方式，Pixar的故事有能力向观众展示，我们更多的是相似的，而不是不同的。”由此可知，Pixar电影是通过他们的角色经历着我们所有人都经历过的情感与我们联系在一起的。故选D。‎ B Is your promotion really necessary? Many workers focus their hopes on climbing the scale of their organizations. The prospect of higher pay helps explain their ambition,but so does the greater status that comes with each successive(连续的) title.‎ This climb can often end in disappointment. The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book published in 1969, states that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect sense. If you are good at your job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and at that point your career will stop.‎ There is another problem with chasing the promotion fantasy. Many companies have a strong tendency to promote the best sales people. Convincing others to buy goods and services is a useful skill, requiring charm and persistence. But, as the authors point out, these are not the same capabilities as the strategic planning and administrative competence needed to lead a sales team.‎ The research then looked at what happened after these super-salespeople were promoted Their previous sales performance was actually a negative indicator of managerial success.The sales growth of workers assigned to the star sellers was 7.5 percentage points lower than for those whose managers were previously weaker performers.‎ The trick to avoiding this curse is to stick to what you like doing. If you enjoy teaching, don't be a headmaster or college principal. If you like writing articles and columns, editing other people’s work may not give the same degree of satisfaction.‎ - 34 -‎ Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance. In Charles Handy's new book, 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges, the experienced management theorist recalls an insight when working for Royal Dutch Shell,an oil giant. "In exchange for the promise of financial security and guaranteed work, I had sold my time to complete strangers with my permission for them to use that time for their own purpose,” he writes.‎ The higher up the ladder you go, the greater the demands are likely to be on your time.The chief executive will expect you to be available at weekends: after all, that is why you get paid the big bucks.‎ So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork an/dissatisfaction. Some people like to devote their whole lives to their job and be at the centre of events. It is best to let them get on with it.‎ ‎38. What can we learn about"The Peter Principle"?‎ A. People’s careers are easily spoiled by unrealistic expectations.‎ B. There are to some degree certain ceilings in people's career paths C. Incompetent employees tend to have more chances to gain promotions D. People don't necessarily get promoted by virtue of their competence ‎39. Why is Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges mentioned?‎ A. To put forward useful suggestions on how to get promoted B. To show how many challenges we face without getting promoted C. To illustrate the serious consequences of the pursuit of promotion D. To prove the economic security brought along by the promotion.‎ ‎40. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?‎ A. The Promotion Satisfaction B. The Promotion Curse C. The Promotion Strategies D. The Promotion Prospect ‎【答案】38. B 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是关于晋升的负面影响。‎ - 34 -‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book published in 1969, states that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect sense. If you are good at your job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and at that point your career will stop.“由劳伦斯•彼得(Laurence Peter)在1969年出版的一本书中提出的“彼得原则”(The Peter Principle)指出，彼得定理指出，在官僚机构中，只要员工表现良好，可以胜任某一职位，他就会一直得到提拔，直到他们到达一个他们不能胜任的职位为止，然后他们就会一直待在这个职位上，不会再有晋升。”由此判断出，人们的职业生涯在某种程度上是有限度的。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段中Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求他对你的积极的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此判断出，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges被提到是为了说明追求晋升的严重后果。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 标题判断题。根据最后一段So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork an/dissatisfaction. 所以光鲜的晋升可能并不适合所有人。当心随之而来的诅咒——过度劳累和满意度降低。”由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是晋升的诅咒。所以B项“晋升的诅咒”是最佳主题。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。根据第六段中Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life - 34 -‎ ‎ balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求有利的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此可知，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges被提到是为了说明追求晋升的严重后果。故选C。‎ C.‎ In 2010,the planetary(行星的）defence team at NASA had identified and logged 90 percent of the asteroids(小行星）near Earth measuring 1km wide. These"near Earth objects",or NEOs, are the size of mountains and include anything within 50 million kilometers of Earth's orbit.With an estimated 50 left to log, NASA says none of the 887 it knows about are a significant danger to the planet.‎ Now NASA is working towards logging some of the smaller asteroids,those measuring 140 metres wide or more. Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for. Considering that a 19-metre asteroid that exploded above the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2013 injured 1, 200 people,these middle sized asteroids would be a serious danger if they enter Earth's orbit. ①‎ Whether NASA can find the remaining middle-sized NEOs depends on getting the money to build NEOCam,a 0. 5-metre space telescope which would use infrared(红外线的）light to locate asteroids.‎ ‎② Once logged,the planetary defence team would still need to work out how to defend the planet against being hit by the truly worrying asteroids-the PHAs.‎ ‎＂Potentially Hazardous Asteroids"(PHAs)are rocks close enough to pass within 7. 5 million kilometres of Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1, 400 PHAs,none of which are expected to be a threat in the next one hundred years. _③ With technology already available,NASA can track these objects and make predictions about possible impact,at which point two defence solutions could be launched.‎ The first is DART-the Double Asteroid Redirection Test. Plans are scheduled to test DART on the moon of an asteroid called Didymos. "Didymoon"is 150 metres wide,orbiting its 800-metre mother, and hopefully the impact of DART will knock it out of its orbit enough for Earth-based telescopes to pick up.‎ Another suggested defence against a PHA on course to hit Earth is to blow it up - 34 -‎ ‎ using a nuclear weapon. It may sound like a plot from a film, and it was the subject of the 1998 film Armageddon, but the Hypervelocity Asteroid Mitigation Mission for Emergency Response (HAMMER) is a genuine NASA proposal. ④ The eight-ton rockets would be fired at an approaching asteroid with the hope of bumping it off course. If the asteroid was too close to Earth for this plan to work, the rockets would carry nuclear bombs to blow it up instead.‎ ‎41. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word“log”?‎ A. record B. protect C. decide D. discover ‎42. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?‎ A. NASA has measured 90 percent of the asteroids B. The asteroids are proved to be no danger to the planet C. There are still many unlogged asteroids near Earth.‎ D Middle-sized asteroids are more likely to enter Earth's orbit ‎43. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. PHAs are a big concern but not an immediate threat in the short term B. People needn't worry about the middle-sized asteroids with the help of DART.‎ C. A special telescope will provide a complete defence against asteroids hitting Earth D. It is likely that Didymoon will be knocked out of its orbit, dropping to Earth ‎44. Where does the following sentence fit best in the passage?‎ ‎"If it did get the money, it could probably achieve its goal in ten years”‎ A. ① B. ②‎ C. ③ D. ④‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. C 43. A 44. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 34 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。2010年，美国国家航空航天局的行星防御小组已经识别并记录了90%直径为1公里的近地小行星。这些“近地天体”，或称近地天体，有山脉那么大，包括距地球轨道5000万公里范围内的任何物体。据估计还有50个卫星需要记录，美国国家航空航天局表示，它所知道的887个卫星中没有一个对地球构成重大威胁。所以科学家计划设立小行星预警系统。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中NASA says none of the 887 it knows about are a significant danger to the planet.“美国宇航局表示，他们所知道的887个行星中没有一个对地球构成重大威胁。”和第二段中的Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的2.5万颗这种大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有8000颗已被记录在案，还有1.7万颗下落不明。”由此可知，With an estimated 50 left to log“估计还有50个待记录”中log得意思是“记录”。故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的2.5万颗这种大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有8000颗已被记录在案，还有1.7万颗下落不明。”由此可知，从前两段我们可以知道“在地球附近还有许多未被记录的小行星。”故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中＂Potentially Hazardous Asteroids"(PHAs)are rocks close enough to pass within 7. 5 million kilometres of Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1, 400 PHAs,none of which are expected to be a threat in the next one hundred years. 潜在危险的小行星是距离地球轨道750万公里以内的岩石。美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)绘制了一张1400个PHAs的地图，预计在未来100年里，这些PHAs都不会构成威胁。由此推知，PHAs是一个大问题，但在短期内不会构成直接威胁。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段Whether NASA can find the remaining middle-sized NEOs depends on getting the money to build NEOCam,a 0. 5-metre space telescope which would use infrared(红外线的）light to locate asteroids.“美国宇航局能否找到剩余的中等大小的neo，取决于能否获得建造NEOCam的资金。5米的太空望远镜，利用红外线来定位小行星。”再根据第四段中Once logged,the planetary defence team would still need to work out how to defend the planet against being hit by the truly worrying asteroids-the - 34 -‎ ‎ PHAs.“一旦登录，行星防御小组仍然需要找出如何保护行星免受真正令人担忧的小行星撞击的方法。”由此可知，所给句子"If it did get the money, it could probably achieve its goal in ten years” “如果它真的得到了这笔钱，它可能会在10年内实现自己的目标。”放在第四段开头最合适，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第1小题，根据第一段中NASA says none of the 887 it knows about are a significant danger to the planet.“美国宇航局表示，他们所知道的887个行星中没有一个对地球构成重大威胁。”和第二段中的Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的2.5万颗这种大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有8000颗已被记录在案，还有1.7万颗下落不明。”由此可知，With an estimated 50 left to log“估计还有50个待记录”中log得意思是“记录”。故选A。‎ D Monday dawned warm and rainless. Aurelio Escovar, a dentist without a degree, opened his office at six. When he had a handful of instruments arranged on the table, he sat down to polish the false teeth. He seemed not to be thinking about what he was doing, but worked steadily.‎ The sharp voice of his eleven-year-old son interrupted his concentration.‎ ‎“Papa”‎ ‎“What?”‎ ‎“The Mayor wants to know if you'll pull his tooth”‎ ‎“Tell him I’m not here.”‎ He was polishing a gold tooth. He held it at arm's length, and examined it with his eyes half closed. His son shouted again from the little waiting room.‎ ‎“He says you are, too, because he can hear you”‎ The dentist kept examining the tooth. Only when he had put it on the table with the finished work did he say, "So much the better. He took several pieces of a bridge out of a cardboard box where he kept the things he still had to do and began to polish the gold.‎ ‎“Papa”‎ - 34 -‎ ‎“What? “ He still hadn't changed his expression ‎"He says if you don't take out his tooth, he'll shoot you.”‎ Without hurrying, with an extremely calm movement, he stopped his work and pulled the lower drawer of the table all the way out. There was a revolver(左轮手枪).”OK, ” he said . “Tell him to come and shoot me." He rolled the chair over opposite the door, his hand resting on the edge of the drawer.‎ The Mayor appeared at the door. He had shaved the left side of his face, but the other side swollen and in pain, had a five-day-old beard The dentist saw many nights of desperation in his dull eyes. He closed the drawer with his finer tips and said softly, “Sit down”‎ ‎“Good morning, "said the Mayor.‎ ‎“Morning,” said the dentist.‎ While the instruments were boiling, the Mayor leaned his head on the headrest of the chair and felt better. His breath was icy. When he felt the dentist approach, the Mayor held his breath and opened his mouth.‎ Aurelio Escovar turned his head toward the light. After inspecting the infected tooth, he closed the Mayor's jaw with a cautious pressure of his fingers. "It has to be without anesthesia(麻醉).‎ ‎"Why?“”‎ ‎‘Because you have an abscess(脓肿).”‎ The Mayor looked him in the eye. "All right, he said, and tried to smile The dentist did not return the smile. He did all the preparation work without looking at the Mayor.‎ It was a lower wisdom tooth. The dentist spread his feet and grasped the tooth with the hot forceps(钳子). The Mayor seized the arms of the chair with all his strength. The dentist moved only his wrist. Without rancor(怨恨), rather with a bitter tenderness, he said , “Now you will pay for our twenty dead men.”.‎ The Mayor felt the great pain in his jaw, and his eyes filled with tears. But he didn't breathe until he felt the tooth come out. Then he saw it through his tears. It seemed so foreign to his pain that he failed to understand his torture of the five - 34 -‎ ‎ previous nights.‎ The dentist gave him a clean cloth. "Dry your tears, "he said.‎ The Mayor did. He was trembling. While the dentist washed his hands, he saw the shabby ceiling and a dusty spider web with spider's eggs and dead insects.‎ The dentist returned, drying his hands.”Go to bed,” he said, “and gargle(漱口)”with salt water.‎ The Mayor stood up, said goodbye with a casual military salute, and walked toward the door, stretching his legs.‎ ‎“Send the bill, ” he said.‎ ‎“ To you or the town?‎ The Mayor didn’t look at him. He closed the door and said through the screen,” __70__”‎ ‎45. Why did the dentist say he was not there(Para. 6) when the Mayor wanted to have his tooth pulled?‎ A. Because he was only a dentist without a degree B. Because he was unwilling to treat the Mayor C. Because he was too busy to attend to the mayor.‎ D. Because he was still polishing the Mayor's gold tooth ‎46. What does the underlined sentence"He says if you don' t take out his tooth, he'll shoot you imply?‎ A. The Mayor had a gun in secret B. The Mayor was scaring the dentists son C. The Mayor used to hate the dentist D. The Mayor had absolute power in this town.‎ ‎47. How did the dentist like the Mayor according to the passage?‎ A. The dentist envied him B. The dentist sympathized with him C. The dentist hated him D. The dentist respected him ‎48. Which of the following statements is actually a lie?‎ - 34 -‎ A. There was a real revolver in the lower drawer of the dentist's table B. The Mayor didn't shave the right side of his face because of the toothache C. A lower wisdom tooth on the right side had given the Mayor a lot of pain for several days.‎ D. The dentist couldn't but pull the Mayor's tooth without anesthesia because of an abscess.‎ ‎49. What kind of person is Aurelio Eascover according to the passage?‎ A. A humorous dentist in a small town.‎ B. A skilled murderer in a dentist's clothing C. An ordinary citizen with a strong sense of justice D. A brave hero in support of the government.‎ ‎50. How would the Mayor probably answer in the last paragraph?‎ A. To neither, please B. It's none of your damn business C. Then to me, please.‎ D. It's the same damn thing ‎【答案】45. B 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是市长去拔牙而牙医厌恶他，在拔牙时没给他打麻药。而是带着一种苦涩的柔情说:“现在你要为我们的二十个死者付出代价。”这篇文章告诉我们“总有那么一天，为自己做的错事要付出代价。”‎ ‎45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段“The Mayor wants to know if you'll pull his tooth” "市长想知道你是否会拔他的牙"和第六段“Tell him I’m not here.” “告诉他我不在这儿。”由此判断出，“镇长要拔牙时牙医说他不在” 因为他不愿接待市长。故选B。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文中“Tell him to come and shoot me." 叫他来枪毙我。以及要拔牙的这个是这里的镇长”由此判断出，划线句子的句子暗示出“市长在这个镇上有绝对的权力。”故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 推理判断题。根据文中的“Tell him I’m not here.”以及牙医不愿给镇长使用麻醉药以及, “Now you will pay for our twenty dead men.”。 现在你将为我们的二十人的死付出代价。由此判断出，牙医厌恶市长。故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文中"It has to be without anesthesia(麻醉)."Why?“ ‘Because you have an abscess(脓肿).”不 需 要 麻 醉，你的牙已经脓肿了。由此推知，“因为脓肿，牙医不得不在没有麻醉的情况下给市长拔牙。”是一个谎言。故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文中医生在没有打麻药的情况下就拔了镇长的牙齿以及“Now you will pay for our twenty dead men.” “现在你将为我们的二十人的死付出代价。”由此可判断出，Aurelio Eascover医生 是 通 过 这 种 看 似 是 合 理 的 方 式 ，在为死去的二十人报仇，所以他是一个有强烈正义感的普通公民。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Send the bill, ” he said.“ To you or the town?他说，“ 把账单寄过来”，“ 是寄给你还是寄给镇里”The Mayor didn’t look at him. He closed the door and said through the screen,市长看都没看他一眼，他关上门，隔着屏风说。以及通过镇长的语气以及他在短文中暗示出的横行霸道的作风可以判断出，镇长会说“还不都他妈是一回事儿”。故选D。‎ 第二卷(非选择题,共35分)‎ 第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上 Holidays are good for workers and companies alike The swimming suits have been dug out of drawers. The beach shoes have been brought back from the shed. Tens of millions are about to go on their annual holiday. They will go away for at least a week.‎ A vacation means workers get more sleep without the early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In short, holidays reduce stress.‎ - 34 -‎ It also gives workers a chance to recharge their mental batteries. Heading to a new location allows employees to clear their thoughts. After all,there is more to life than spreadsheets(电子数据表) and sales forecasts. For those on vacation, the occasional work-related thought might occur when walking quietly along the beach, or through a wood. Often such ideas will be all the more original for being dreamed up in a moment of relaxation.‎ Although it does lead to crowded traffic, there is something to be said for the European tradition of taking holidays in August. The predictability of the season means that companies can adjust their plans accordingly. Even those people who are in the office can enjoy an easier pace of life. Most of their customers and suppliers are on a break so there is not much that anyone can do.‎ Indeed, just as employees need a break from the workplace, companies sometimes need a break from their employees. After a trading scandal(丑闻) at Societe Generale, a French bank recommended that all traders take a two-week break at some point in the year. The aim was to make sure that any unusual dealing patterns would be discovered while the employee who was suspected of doing something improper was away from his desk.‎ Senior managers can also benefit from seeing what happens when their juniors head to the beach.Does office efficiency improve as soon as a mid-level manager disappears? If so, this suggests that he or she is not running the department well. Does an underling(下属) do a good job when the boss is away? In that case, they may need a promotion.‎ Work can be annoying but, as any unemployed person will tell you, it is better than the alternative. . It gives purpose to people's days and, on occasion, can even be fun. But not every day.Some days it is better to be reading a book. By a pool, in the sunshine.‎ Holidays are good for workers and companies alike Introduction Searching for swimming suits and beach shoes, many people are busy - 34 -‎ Making ___51___ for their upcoming holidays ‎___52___of taking holidays For workers ‎●When on holiday, workers will feel less stressed, getting more sleep and enjoying ___53___ A from painful transport and boring meetings ‎● Mental batteries ___54___ more likely to come up with new ideas related to their work ‎●Those who don't go on holiday can also live an ___55___ life, because the majority of their customers and suppliers are on a break.‎ For ___56___‎ ‎●Holidays are good opportunities for the ___57___ of unusual dealing patterns in a company.‎ ‎●Holidays are good opportunities for senior managers to see whether a mid-level manager runs a department well or whether ___58___‎ needs a promotion.‎ Conclusion ‎●Although work can ___59___ us, it is better than unemployment. So find ___60___ in your work and holiday.‎ ‎【答案】51. preparations ‎ ‎52. Benefits/ Advantages/ Importance Significance ‎ ‎53. freedom ‎ ‎54. recharged ‎ ‎55. easier/ easy ‎ ‎56. companies ‎ ‎57. discovery/ discoveries ‎ - 34 -‎ ‎58. anyone /someone ‎ ‎59. annoy /upset/bother /disturb ‎ ‎60. fun/pleasure / enjoyment joy /happiness ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍假期对员工和公司好处。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第一段The swimming suits have been dug out of drawers. The beach shoes have been brought back from the shed. Tens of millions are about to go on their annual holiday. They will go away for at least a week.“游泳衣已经从抽屉里翻出来了。海滩鞋已经从棚子里拿回来了。数千万人即将开始他们的年度假期。他们至少要离开一个星期。”由此可知，许多人正忙着为即将到来的假期做准备，正寻找游泳衣和沙滩鞋。固定词组：make preparations for“为……做准备”。故填preparations。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第二段A vacation means workers get more sleep without the early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In short, holidays reduce stress.“休假意味着员工在没有清晨闹钟的情况下获得更多的睡眠。此外，他们不再遭受日常交通的痛苦:拥挤的铁路车厢或道路，最重要的是，没有会议要忍受。简而言之，假期可以减轻压力。”由此可知，下面要讲述的是休假的“好处”。故填Benefits/ Advantages/ Importance Significance。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。第二段A vacation means workers get more sleep without the early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In short, holidays reduce stress.“休假意味着员工在没有清晨闹钟的情况下获得更多的睡眠。此外，他们不再遭受日常交通的痛苦:拥挤的铁路车厢或道路，最重要的是，没有会议要忍受。简而言之，假期可以减轻压力。”可知，在假期里，员工们会感到压力更小，有更多的睡眠，享受从痛苦的交通和无聊的会议中解脱出来的自由。所以这里用名词，故填freedom。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第三段第一句It also gives workers a chance to recharge their mental batteries.“这也给了员工们一个重新充电的机会。”由此可知，人的精神“充电”后更有可能产生与工作相关的新想法。故填recharged。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第四段中Even those people who are in the office can enjoy an easier pace of life.“即使是那些在办公室的人也可以享受更轻松的生活节奏。”由此可知，那些不去度假的人也可以过上更轻松的生活，因为他们的大多数客户和供应商都在休假。故填easier/ easy。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第五段第一句Indeed, just as employees need a break from the workplace, companies sometimes need a break from their employees.“的确，就像员工需要离开工作岗位休息一下一样，公司有时也需要离开员工休息一下。”由此可知，对“公司”来说也需要休假。故填companies。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第五段中The aim was to make sure that any unusual dealing patterns would be discovered while the employee who was suspected of doing something improper was away from his desk.“这样做的目的是确保在被怀疑有不当行为的员工离开办公桌时，发现任何不寻常的交易模式。”由此可知，假期是发现公司不寻常交易模式的好机会。故填discovery/ discoveries。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据倒数第二段中If so, this suggests that he or she is not running the department well. Does an underling(下属) do a good job when the boss is away? In that case, they may need a promotion.“如果是这样，这意味着他或她没有很好地管理这个部门。老板不在时下属的工作做得好吗?在这种情况下，他们可能需要升职。”由此可知，对于高级经理来说，假期是一个很好的机会，可以看看一个中层经理是否能很好地管理一个部门，或者是否有人需要升职。故填anyone /someone。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据最后一段第一句Work can be annoying but, as any unemployed person will tell you, it is better than the - 34 -‎ ‎ alternative.“工作可能很烦人，但正如任何失业者都会告诉你的那样，它比其他选择更好。”可知，虽然工作让我们烦恼，但总比失业好。故填annoy /upset/bother /disturb。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据最后一段中It gives purpose to people's days and, on occasion, can even be fun. But not every day.Some days it is better to be reading a book. By a pool, in the sunshine.“它赋予人们生活的意义，有时甚至可以很有趣。但不是每天都这样。有些日子读书会更好一些。在阳光下的池塘边。”由此可知，所以，在你的工作和假期中寻找乐趣吧。故填fun/pleasure / enjoyment joy /happiness。‎ 第五部分书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎61.请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ The Ministry of Education issued a notice on Nov. 22, 2019. According to the regulation,primary and middle school teachers are allowed to criticize and give proper punishment to students who violate school discipline, social order, laws and rules, as well as those who cause chaos Should teachers be allowed to discipline students? Students share their opinions Su hua Teachers should be cautious in disciplining students. They can punish a student without violence but hurt the child psychologically for the rest of his life. My daughter's teacher makes students who forget to bring homework stand for an hour at their seats. i do believe the aim is to cause the student to feel ashamed and it is not acceptable.‎ Li Jiang It is parents' responsibility to discipline the students, not teachers, because the teachers are not paid to discipline children, but to guide their learning. If necessary, teachers should manage the situation in a way that is effective, but does not replace the parent Zhang Ming I think teachers should be allowed to discipline children in class to maintain an - 34 -‎ ‎ environment beneficial for learning. Here the word"discipline"does not mean"punish". Teachers discipline children to lead them into what is believed to be correct thinking and action, rather than punish them ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1.用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容;‎ ‎2.你是否赞成“教师对违纪违规学生实施一定的惩戒”这一观点,并说明理由(至少两点);‎ ‎3.对如何有效阻止学生违纪违规提出你的建议(至少两点)。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;‎ ‎3.不必写标题 ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当 ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】An official notice has been issued to grant teachers the right to properly punish students. The public are concerned about this regulation, expressing their opinions on it from different perspectives.(30 words)‎ As a senior school student, I give applause to this regulation. School is a place where every student should obey rules, and if not, they should be responsible for what they’ ve done Additionally, proper punishment is a good way to teach students to figure out how to behave themselves, which is also a good example to instruct others As to how to discipline students, proper measures, I think, come first to prevent students from violating school rules. School regulations are to be transparently - 34 -‎ ‎ issued, which helps all the people concerned know how students should behave on campus. Besides, teachers should be more patient with students for effective communication. Only with joint efforts can students learn to obey the school rules. (120 words)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读写任务作文。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇读写任务型写作。首先用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容。根据According to the regulation,primary and middle school teachers are allowed to criticize and give proper punishment to students who violate school discipline, social order, laws and rules, as well as those who cause chaos可知，An official notice has been issued to grant teachers the right to properly punish students.可知，“已经发布了一份官方通知，授予教师适当惩罚学生的权利。”另外，根据文章内容可知，The public are concerned about this regulation, expressing their opinions on it from different perspectives.“公众对这一规定表示关注，并从不同角度表达了自己的看法。”关于“教师对违纪违规学生实施一定的惩戒”是赞成的，“学校是一个每个学生都应该遵守规则的地方，如果不遵守，他们就应该对自己的行为负责”；至于“如何管教学生”，我认为适当的措施是首先要防止学生违反校规。学校规章制度的发布应该是透明的，这有助于所有相关的人知道学生在校园应该如何表现。此外，为了有效的沟通，老师应该对学生更有耐心。只有大家共同努力，学生才能学会遵守学校的规章制度。写作时注意准确运用时态，本文应该用一般现在时态；上下文意思要连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富有变化。要注意书写，认真查验是否有漏写情况等。‎ ‎【点睛】这是一篇读写任务型写作。首先用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容。并对是否赞成“教师对违纪违规学生实施一定的惩戒”给出了理由，同时就如何有效阻止学生违纪违规提出了自己的建议。文章语句通顺，结构严谨，同时文中使用高级句子。School is a place where every student should obey rules,句中使用where引导的定语从句；if not, they should be responsible for what they’ ve done.省略句和what引导的宾语从句巧妙运用；School regulations are to be transparently issued, which helps all the people concerned know how students should behave on campus.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；Only with joint efforts can students learn to obey the school rules.句中使用部分倒装。‎ - 34 -‎ - 34 -‎ - 34 -‎