高中英语外研版必修2课件：Module5 Section Ⅱ　Grammar 21页

Section Ⅱ　 Grammar 一 二 三 一、短语翻译 1 . 发生 　　　　　　　　　　　   2 . 同时 , 然而 　　　　　　　　　　　   3 . 在 …… 的中部 　　　　　　　　　　　   4 . 既然 　　　　　　　　　　　   5 . 没有其他的人 　　　　　　　　　　　   take place at the same time in the middle of .. now that 　 no one else 一 二 三 二、翻译下列句子 1 .The thief rushed off the bus before the policeman caught him.   2 .We didn ’ t come on time because our car broke down on the way.   3 .Mary didn ’ t get married until she was in her thirties.   4 .It is almost ten years since I graduated from that university.   5 .I have never seen him again since he left here.   警察还没来得及抓住他 , 小偷就蹿下了公共汽车 。 警察还没来得及抓住他 , 小偷就蹿下了公共汽车 。 玛丽直到三十多岁才结婚 。 我从那所大学毕业已经快有 10 年了 。 自从他离开这儿 , 我就再也没有见过他 。 一 二 三 三、使用适当的连词填空 1 .Mr Smith has learned some Chinese 　　　　　 he came to Shenzhen.   2 . 　　　　　　　　　 you ’ ve got such a golden chance,why not make the best of it?   3 .A whole month had passed 　　　　　　　　 she fully recovered.   4 .You mustn ’ t leave 　　　　　 you get your work done by 6 o ’ clock.   5 .Please keep reading the poem 　　　　　 you have remembered it.   since 　 Since/Now that 　 before 　 until 　 until 一 二 三 6 .I didn ’ t know what had happened.He had rushed out of the room 　　　　　 I could ask him.   7 .You won ’ t get your basketball back 　　　　　 you have promised not to play in my garden anymore.   8 .It was not yet 7 o ’ clock 　　　　　 he came back.   9 .Can you imagine how long it will be 　　　　　 a new drug is invented for AIDS?   10 .He failed again just 　　　　　　　　 he didn ’ t work hard at his lessons.   before 　 until 　 when 　 before 　 because 1 2 3 1. In the first sentence , the word when can be replaced with as soon as. 在第一个句子中 , 单词 when 可以用 as soon as 代替。 ★ 考点 　 replace v. 取代 , 代替 ; 放回原处 Nothing can replace a mother ’ s love and care. 没有什么东西能够代替母亲的关爱。 He replaced the book on the shelf. 他把书放回到书架上。 1 2 3 考点延伸   阅读下列句子 , 体会黑体词相关短语的搭配和意义 ① I am going to replace my old car with a new one. 我打算买辆新车来取代我那辆旧车。 搭配 replace...with... 　 意义 用 …… 代替 …… ② The house I grew up in has been taken down and replaced by an office building. 那座我在里面长大的房子已经被拆掉 , 取而代之的是一座办公大楼。 搭配 be replaced by 　 意义 被 …… 代替   1 2 3 1 2 3 2. Now that I have made this first visit , I hope I can come many more times. 既然我已经有了这第一次访问 , 我希望还能够来访多次。 ★ 考点 　 now that 既然 , 由于 Now that you have passed your test,you can drive on your own. 你驾驶考试既已合格 , 就可以独自开车了。 考点延伸   阅读下列句子 , 体会黑体词相关短语的搭配和意义 ① By now ,putting satellites in orbit is very easy for space scientists. 到现在 , 对航天科学家来说 , 把卫星送入轨道是很容易的事。 搭配 by now 　 意义 到现在   1 2 3 ② Nobody was against my decision to do it right now. 没人反对 我 立刻 做 这件事的决定。 搭配 right now 　 意义 立刻 , 马上 ; 此刻   ③ Don ’ t forget what I told you just now. 别把我刚才跟你说的事忘了。 搭配 just now 　 意义 刚才   ④ From now on I will try to do better. 从现在起我要尽量 做得 更好 。 搭配 from now on 　 意义 从现在起   ⑤ The police haven ’ t got enough evidence up to now . 到目前为止警察局还没有足够的证据。 搭配 up to now 　 意义 直到现在   1 2 3 3. Grammar ★ 考点一 　 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 : 通常由 when,as,while,after,before,as soon as,since , till(until), once,whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾。特别注意 : 时间状语从句中通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 When you finish the work,you may go out to play with Sam. 你完成工作就可以出去和萨姆一起玩了。 I won ’ t leave until Mum comes back . 妈妈 回来了我才会走。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。 Once these difficulties were got over,the work would speed up. 一旦克服了这些困难 , 工作进展就快了。 They will take their cellphones with them whenever they go out. 无论他们什么时候外出 , 都随身带着手机。 1 2 3 考点延伸   (1) 阅读下列句子 , 体会黑体词的常用句型和意义 ① We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会 , 这时一个人闯了进来。 句型 sb is/was doing sth when...   意义 某人正在做某事突然发生另一件事 ② She was about to have a rest when some guests came. 她刚要休息一下 , 这时来了一些客人。 句型 sb is/was about to do sth when...   意义 某人正要做某事突然发生另一件 事 ③ I had just arrived home when it began to rain. 我刚刚到家 , 天就下起雨来。 句型 sb had done sth when...   意义 某人刚做完某事突然发生另一件 事 1 2 3 ( 2) 翻译下列句子 , 并体会黑体词的含义 ① Before I could say a word,she had rushed out of the room. 翻译 不等我说一句话 , 她就冲出了房间。 含义 在 …… 之前 , 还没来得及 …… 就   ② They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up. 翻译 他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。 含义 在 …… 之前 ③ It won ’ t be long before we finish our task. 翻译 不久我们就能完成任务。 　 含义 不久 …… 就 ( 用在否定句 ) 1 2 3 (3) 表示 “ 一 …… 就 …… ” 的词有 :as soon as,the moment,the minute , the instant,the second,immediately,directly,instantly,no sooner...than ..., hardly ...when... 等 ① No sooner had she seen him than she smiled. 她一见到他就笑了。 ② I came immediately I heard the news. 我一听到这个消息 , 就马上来了。 ③ He had hardly seen me when he ran off. 他一看到我就跑掉了。 ④ They started the moment they received the order. 他们一接到命令就匆匆地出发了。 1 2 3 (4)till 和 until 的用法。一般认为 till 不如 until 正式 , 在书面语中不常用。句首通常用 until 。在肯定句中 , 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 , 而在否定句中 , 主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词。 ① The hunt for the lost child continued until she was found. 寻找失踪儿童的工作一直持续到将她找到为止。 ② Don ’ t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车不停不要下车。 1 2 3 ★ 考点二 　 Adverbial clause of reason 原因状语从句 : 通常由 because,since,as,in that,now that,considering(that),seeing(that) 等引导 , 一般放在句首或句尾。 He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. 他出国了 , 因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。 She weakened as the illness grew worse. 由于病情恶化 , 她变得更虚弱了。 His request is unreasonable in that he knows we can ’ t afford it. 他的要求不合理 , 因为他知道我们负担不起。 It ’ s good to take off the heavy clothing now that spring is here. 春天到了 , 脱去笨重的衣服真让人高兴。 1 2 3 考点延伸   (1)because,as,since,now that, 每个连词的含义不尽相同 , 观察例句并总结用法 ① —Why were you absent from the meeting? —— 你为什么没有来开会 ? — Because I was ill. —— 因为我生病了。 ② As it is raining,we shall not go to the park. 由于下雨 , 我们不去公园了。 ③ Now that/Since the kids have left home we ’ ve got a lot of extra space. 孩子们都离开家了 , 我们住着就更宽绰了。 1 2 3 ④ Since you are busy,you don ’ t have to go. 既然你那么忙 , 你不必去了。 总结 because 表示 直接而明确的原因和理由 , 常用来回答 why 提出的问题 ;as 和 since 表示 十分明显的原因 ,as 可以翻译成 由于 ,since 翻译成 既然 ;as 的位置可以在主句前或主句后 , 而 since,now that 常用在主句 前 。 (2) 在强调句中强调原因状语从句时 , 只能用 because 引导 , 不可用 as 或 since 。 It was because he was ill that he didn ’ t go with us. 他没有跟我们一起去是因为他生病了。 1 2 3 (3)because 可以引导表语从句 , 而 as,since 不可以 , 但仅用于以下句型 :This/That/It is because... He failed the exam;that ’ s because he is too lazy. 他考试失败了 , 那是因为他太懒了。 ( 4 ) 辨析 : now that , since , because 与 as because 是从属连词 , 接表示直接原因的从句 , 一般放在主句的后面 , 也可放在主句前面 , 它表示的语气最强 , 在回答 why 的问句时 , 必须用 because 。 as 是从属连词 , 说明一般的因果关系 , 语气比 because 弱 , 说明比较明显的原因 , 它引导的从句通常放在句首 , 有时也可放在句末。 since=now that , 意为 “ 既然 ” , 表示对方已知的无须加以说明的原因或事实 , 语气比 because 弱 , 但是比 as 强 。 1 2 3 注意 “ 并列连词 for+ 分句 ” 也可表示原因 , for 与后面的分句可对前面的分句起补充说明作用。 The ground is wet this morning , for it rained last night . 今早地面湿了 , 因为昨晚下雨了。 1 2 3