- 625.58 KB
- 2021-05-18 发布
- 1、本文档由用户上传，淘文库整理发布，可阅读全部内容。
- 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方，所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议，请立即联系网站客服。
- 3、本文档由用户上传，本站不保证质量和数量令人满意，可能有诸多瑕疵，付费之前，请仔细阅读内容确认后进行付费下载。
- 网站客服QQ：403074932
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Section B Reading and Thinking
核心词汇
词汇一
determine
vt.
查明；确定；决定
◆教材原句
However
，
some scientists were
determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。
◆要点必记
determine to do sth.
决定
/
决心做某事
determine on
（
doing
）
sth.
决定（做）某事
determine sb. to do sth.
使某人下决心做某事
题组练
·
领悟方法
◆词语积累
determined
adj.
坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth.
决心做某事
be determined that...
决心
……
determination
n.
决心；决定
with determination
坚决地
单句语法填空
（
1
）
I have determined
going to the countryside after graduating from college.
（
2
）
He is
（
determine
）
to take good care of his parents from now on.
（
3
）
The
（
determine
）
expression on her face suggested that she wouldn’t change her mind.
（
4
）
Helen was a strong girl and she finally achieved her dream with great ____________
（
determine
）
.
on
determined
determined
determination
单句写作
（
5
）
He _______________________________
（下定决心好好利用）
this chance to learn more about the Chinese culture.
（
6
）
Paul was fond of Chinese culture
，
so he_________________
（ 决定定居）
in China.
was determined to make good use of
determined to settle
词汇二
succeed in doing sth.
成功地做某事
◆教材原句
After many experiments
，
they
succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
经过多次实验后，他们成功地制造出能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。
◆要点必记
succeed sb. as...
接替某人担任
……
succeed to sth.
继承（王位等）
◆词语积累
success
n.
［
U
］成功；［
C
］成功的人（或事）
successful
adj.
成功的
successfully
adv.
成功地
单句语法填空
（
1
）
He succeeded in
（
pass
）
the entrance examination and was admitted to Peking University.
（
2
）
I’m sure that David is to succeed him
chairman.
单句写作
（
3
）
I never thought such a little child could
（成功地解决）
such a difficult problem.
（
4
）
Li Ming studied very hard
，
so he
（成功通过）
the college entrance examination.
（
5
）
Who do you think will
（继承）
Mr Li’s company?
passing
as
succeed in dealing with
succeeded in
succeed to
词汇三
make sure
确保；查明，弄清楚
◆教材原句
Although scientists try to
make sure nothing goes wrong
，
accidents can still happen.
尽管科学家们试图确保不出差错，但事故仍有可能发生。
◆要点必记
make sure
（
that
）
...
确保
……
； 弄清楚
……
make sure of
（
doing
）
sth.
确保
……
； 弄清楚
……
单句语法填空
（
1
）
A novelist should make sure
the description in a novel will attract the readers.
（
2
）
You’d better make sure
the exact time of the arriving train.
（
3
）
She is not sure
his getting his diploma.
（
4
）
Be sure
（
design
）
a beautiful airport.
单句写作
（
5
）
My assistant will help me
（弄清楚）
the time of the flight.
（
6
）
He
（一定会）
get nervous and say something stupid.
that
of
of
to design
make sure of
is sure to
词汇四
disappointed
adj.
失望的；沮丧的
◆教材原句
These disasters made everyone sad and
disappointed
，
but the desire to explore the universe never died.
这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。
◆要点必记
be disappointed in/with sb.
对某人失望
be disappointed at/about sth.
对某事失望
be disappointed to do sth.
对做某事感到失望
◆词语积累
disappoint
vt.
使
……
失望
disappointing
adj.
令人失望的
disappointment
n.
失望
to one’s disappointment
令某人失望的是
◆一言辨异
The
disappointing news that he failed the exam made him very disappointed.
他没有通过考试，这令人沮丧的消息让他感到非常失望。
单句语法填空
（
1
）
Although I was ______________I couldn’t keep the toys
，
I was somewhat proud to take them back.
（
2
）
To my
（
disappoint
），
his behaviour cause some misunderstanding between us.
（
3
）
The teacher is disappointed
Tony’s attitude towards study.
（
4
）
We were greatly disappointed
（
know
）
that she was absent.
（
5
）
The fans were disappointed
the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website.
（
6
）
The fans looked quite
（
disappoint
）
when they heard the _____________
（
disappoint
）
result.
disappointed
disappointment
at/about
to know
in/with
disappointed
disappointing
单句写作
（
7
）
The workers
（失望地发现）
that they couldn’t understand the instructions on the machine.
（
8
）
We
（对
……
感到失望）
your previous behaviour
were disappointed to find
are disappointed at/about
词汇五
desire
（
1
）
n.
渴望；欲望 （
2
）
vt.
渴望；期望
◆要点必记
（
have
）
a desire to do
（有）做
……
的渴望
（
have
）
a desire for
（有）做
……
的渴望
desire to do...
渴望做
……
◆误区警示
desire that +
主语
+
（
should+
）动词原形 希望
……
（
desire
后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“
should+
动词原形”，
should
可以省略）
◆归纳拓展
后跟名词性从句，从句谓语用“（
should+
） 动词原形”的动词：
一个“坚持”（
insist
）；
两道“命令”（
order
，
command
）；
四条“建议”（
suggest
，
propose
，
advise
，
recommend
）；
五点“ 要求”（
demand
，
desire
，
request
，
require
，
urge
）
单句语法填空
（
1
）
He desires
（
join
）
the army and devote himself to the country.
（
2
）
Several people have expressed a desire
（
see
）
the report.
（
3
）［
2019·
重庆巴蜀中学高一期末］
Fashion is a competitive and hard business where people’s desire
new ideas is hard to satisfy.
（
4
）
At yesterday’s meeting
，
the manager desired that the project __________________
（
finish
）
on time.
to join
to see
for
(should
）
be finished
单句写作
（
5
）
I
（不想惹任何麻烦），
so I keep away from Jackson.
have no desire to cause any trouble
词汇六
carry on
继续做，坚持干
◆教材原句
This is because people believe in the importance of
carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
这是因为尽管有很大的风险，人们依旧相信继续太空探索的重要性。
◆要点必记
carry on sth.
从事某事
carry on with sth.
继续某事
carry on doing sth.
继续做某事
◆归纳拓展
carry out
进行；贯彻；执行；实施
carry through
顺利实现
carry off
赢得；成功地对付
carry forward
成功地进行
单句语法填空
（
1
）
Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi
，
the girl was determined to carry
with her good work.
用
carry
短语的适当形式填空
（
2
）
Although faced with so many difficulties
，
they still
their research.
（
3
）
The support of her mother
Jane Goodall
and she devoted herself to the study of chimps.
（
4
）
He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to
the secret task.
（
5
）
The team will have to
without Professor Smith.
on
carry on with
carried
through
carry out
carry on
词汇七
on board
在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
◆教材原句
It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries
on board...
它环绕地球运行，空间站里有来自不同国家的宇航员
……
◆要点必记
take sth. on board
考虑某事
◆学法点拨
on board
是介词短语，在句中可作表语或定语。
◆词语辨析
board
，
broad
与
abroad
·board
n.
板子；布告牌；黑板；委员会
v.
登上（船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
·broad
adj.
宽的；广阔的
·abroad
adv.
在国外；到国外
at abroad
在国外
go abroad
去国外
单句写作
（
1
）
Some of the ships even had earth
（在船上）
so that the sailors could grow their own crops for food.
（
2
）
The plane had more than 120 passengers and crew
（在飞机上）
when it suddenly disappeared.
on board
on board
辨析填空（
board/broad/abroad
）
（
3
）
Many schools there have started using white
and projectors in classes.
（
4
）
They were looking for anyone on
who knew sign language.
（
5
）
With many Chinese now traveling
for Spring Festival
，
their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
（
6
）
How did the soldier cross the
river last night?
boards
board
abroad
broad
词汇八
independently
adv.
独立地；自立地
◆教材原句
China became the third country in the world to
independently send humans into space in 2003...
中国在
2003
年成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家
……
◆要点必记
work independently
独立工作
live independently
独自生活
◆词语积累
independent
adj.
独立的；自主的
be independent of
不依赖
……
；独立于
……
之外
independence
n.
独立
independence from
独立于
depend on
依靠；信赖；取决于
be dependent on
依赖；取决于
单句语法填空
（
1
）
Not only my spoken English
，
but also my ability to live _______________
（
independent
）
has been improved a lot.
（
2
）
All living things depend
the sun for their growth.
（
3
）
Susan wanted to be independent
her parents. She tried living alone
，
but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
（
4
）
A study abroad program can teach students ____________
（
independent
）
and important life skills.
independently
on
of
independence
单句写作
（
5
）
Now that you have grown up
，
you should
（不依赖）
your parents.
（
6
）
Many countries left and
（独立于）
the empire in the 20th century.
be independent of
was/became independent from
词汇九
signal
（
1
）
vt. & vi.
标志着；标明；发信号
（
2
）
n.
信号；标志；信号灯
◆教材原句
This
signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future.
这标志着中国在未来建立一个空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。
◆要点必记
signal to sb.
示意某人；向某人发信号
signal to sb. to do sth.
示意某人做某事
send out a signal
发出信号
a danger signal
危险信号
a warning signal
警告信号
an alarm signal
报警信号
a clear signal
清晰的信号
receive/pick up a signal
接收信号
◆词语辨析
signal
，
sign
，
symbol
与
mark
·signal
信号；暗号
·sign
迹象；征兆；标牌
·symbol
象征；标志
·mark
标记；记号
单句语法填空
（
1
）
The police seems to be
（
signal
）
to us with his arm.
（
2
）
In order not to be heard
，
she pointed her finger upwards
（
signal
）
that someone was moving about upstairs.
（
3
）
The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from interference from radio
_________
（
signal
）
from Earth.
（
4
）
In our class
，
when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book
，
it was _____
signal for everyone to stand up.
（
5
）
The judge signaled
a police officer and the man was led away.
signaling
to signal
signals
a
to
辨析填空（
signal/sign/symbol/mark
）
（
6
）
In Chinese culture
，
red is the
of luck and happiness.
（
7
）
You can make a
where you can’t understand.
（
8
）
Chest pains can be a warning
of heart problems.
（
9
）
He walked up and down
，
a sure
of becoming impatient.
symbol
mark
signal
sign
词汇十
in the hope of doing sth.
抱着
……
的希望
◆教材原句
Mankind is exploring space
in the hope of finding out more about the universe.
人类正在探索太空，希望能更多地了解宇宙。
◆学法点拨
in the hope of
希望
……
（
of
是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语）
◆归纳拓展
in the hope that/in hopes that...
希望
……
（
that
引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明
hope/hopes
的具体内容）
单句写作
（
1
）
I am writing to you
（希望）
you can lend me some money because mine is running out.
（
2
）
Bob and his young brother came to New York ____________________
（希望找到）
well-paid jobs to support themselves.
（
3
）
Her parents sent her abroad
（希望）
she could get a better education.
in the hope that
in the hope of finding
in the hope that
词汇十一
lead to
引起，导致；通向，通往
◆教材原句
If there is a mistake during the launch
，
it can
lead to an accident that kills everyone on board.
如果在发射过程中有错误，它可能导致事故，杀死机上的每个人。
◆误区警示
lead to
中的
to
是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
◆归纳拓展
（
1
）近义词组：
contribute to
，
result in
（
2
）以介词
to
结尾的动词短语：
look forward to
盼望；期待
get down to
认真做某事
devote... to
致力于；奉献于
be addicted to
对
……
上瘾
be/get/become used/accustomed to
习惯于
单句语法填空
（
1
）
Many of these chemicals can lead
cancer or other illnesses.
（
2
）
The new evidence led to him _______________
（
arrest
）
by the police.
（
3
）
When they catch the light
，
ONB groups fall off the polymer
，
leading
its breakdown.
（
4
）
Many graduates clearly do contribute
national wealth
，
but so do all the businesses that invest and create jobs.
（
5
）［
2018·
全国
Ⅱ
卷］
Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results ______
big benefits.
to
being arrested
to
to
in
单句翻译
（
6
）俗话说，条条大路通罗马。
_________________________________________
Just as the saying goes
，
all roads lead to Rome.
词汇十二
so as to
（
do sth.
）为了，以便（表示目的）
◆教材原句
In space
，
astronauts collect all dirty water
so as to recycle it for later use.
在太空中， 宇航员收集所有的污水，以便回收利用。
◆要点必记
动词不定式的一个主要作用，是在句中作目的状语。
in order to
或
so as to
则使“目的”更加明确。
· so as to
一般不放在句首，否定形式是
so as not to
。
· in order to
可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是
in order not to
。
句型转换
（
1
）
Robert got up early this morning so that he could catch the first bus.
Robert got up early this morning
the first bus.
单句写作
（
2
）
（
为了找到）
the missing child
，
the villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.
（
3
）
He worked extra hours
（为了完成）
the task ahead of time.
（
4
）
We have got to set out early in the morning
（为了）
get to the company on time.
（
5
）
（为了不被打扰），
he spent three hours locked in his study.
in order to catch/so as to catch
In order to find
in order to finish/so as to finish
in order to/so as to
In order not to be disturbed
重点句式
句式一
sb./sth. be/become the first... to do...
某人
/
某物是第一个做
……
的
……
◆教材原句
Yuri Gagarin became
the first person in the world to go into space.
尤里
·
加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
◆句式分析
句中的
to go into space
是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰
person
。句型
sb./sth. be the first... to do...
意为“某人
/
某物是第一个做
……
的
……”
。
◆归纳拓展
序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后跟动词时，通常用不定式作定语。
单句语法填空
（
1
）
He is always the last
（
leave
）
the classroom.
（
2
）
Lang Ping became the first person in volleyball
（
win
）
an Olympic gold medal as both a player and a coach.
（
3
）
The girl is the best person
（
finish
）
the whole work.
单句写作
（
4
）
She is
（第一个工作的女性）
in the desert.
（
5
）
William is
（最不可能说谎 的人）
.
to leave
to win
to finish
the first woman to work
the last person to tell a lie
句式二
This is because...
这是因为
……
◆教材原句
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
这是因为尽管有很大的风险人们依旧相信继续探索太空的重要性。
◆句式分析
本句是一个复合句。句中的
because
引导的是表语从句，也可写成
It/That is/was because...
，意为“它
/
那是因为
……”
，
because
引导表语从句，后接原因。
单句语法填空
（
1
）
He fell asleep during the lecture. This was
he got bored with it.
（
2
）
The reason why Henry missed the bus was
he got up late.
（
3
）
Alice was too careless. That is
she failed in the examination.
单句写作
（
4
）
From space
，
the earth looks blue.
（这是因为）
about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
（
5
）
He admitted that his father was strict with him_____________
（那就是为什么）
he made so many achievements.
because
that
why
This is because
That is why
句式三
enable sb./sth. to do sth.
使某人
/
某物能做某事
◆教材原句
...scientists hope future discoveries will not only
enable us to understand how the universe began... ……
科学家们还是希望未来的发现不仅能使我们了解宇宙是如何诞生的
……
◆句式分析
本句是一个复合句，
hope
后是省略了
that
的宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有
how
引导的宾语从句。
◆要点必记
enable sb. to do sth.
使某人能够做某事（不定式作宾语补足语）
enable better communication
使沟通更顺畅
相关文档
- 2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4E2021-05-1812页
- 【英语】2018届人教版选修六一轮复2021-05-1853页
- 2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4M2021-05-1831页
- 2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4M2021-05-1821页
- 2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit4P2021-05-1820页
- 高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识2021-05-1811页
- 2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4W2021-05-1820页
- 2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4M2021-05-1828页
- 2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4E2021-05-1825页
- 【英语】2019届人教版高考一轮复习2021-05-1819页
微信/支付宝扫码支付下载