高考英语一轮复习Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元检测卷[新人教版]必修5 6页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(P283)Ⅰ..阅读理解AveryrapidincreaseinthenumberofshipssailingbetweenAmericanandEuropeanportsbeganalmostimmediatelyaftertheendoftheWarof1812inordertomeetthenewneedfortheregularrapidtransportationofmail,lightcargoes(货物),andpassengers.Itwastheincreaseinemigration(移民)toAmericathatforthefirsttimemadethecarryingofpassengersacrosstheAtlanticmoreprofitablethanthetransportationofheavycargoes.Anewtypeofsailingship,thepacket(邮船),appearedtomeetthisnewdemand,andthedemandverysoonresultedinstrongcompetitionamongseveralpacketlines.TheearliestofthesewastheBlackBallLinesetupinNewYorkin1816,onlyayearaftertheendofthewar.Theserviceofthisfamouslinestartedwithfourofthenewfastpackets,eachof400to500tons:thePacific,theAmity,theJamesCooper,andtheWilliamThompson.Duringthefirsttwentyyearsofservice,theaveragetimefromNewYorktoLiverpoolwas23daysandtheaveragetripbacktoNewYorktook40days.Bythemiddleofthecenturypacketshadincreasedinsizetobetween900and1,000tonsandtheirspeedhadincreased.TheRedJackeloncesailedfromNewYorktoLiverpoolin13days,11.5hours.TheMaryWhiteridgetook4.5hoursoffthisrecordonarunfromBaltimoretoLiverpool.Suchspeedswerefargreaterthantheaverageoffrom19to21daystoLiverpoolandfrom30to35homewardtoNewYork,butthepacketshadstillsetanewstandardfortransoceanictravel.Nowonderthatsteamships,thefirstofwhichtriedtocompetewiththepacketsin1838,onlybegantoreplacetheminthe1850s.1.Thefastesttransatlanticvoyagebyapacketmentionedbytheauthorwasfrom______.A.LiverpooltoNewYorkB.NewYorktoLiverpoolC.BaltimoretoLiverpoolD.LiverpooltoBaltimore2.Accordingtotheauthor,inwhichdecadeofthe19thcenturydidasteamshipfirstattempttocompetewiththetransatlanticpackets?A.The1820s.B.The1850s.C.The1840s.D.The1830s.3.Whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantinthedevelopmentofthefastpackets?A.TheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhowantedtogotoAmerica.B.TheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhowantedtogotoEuropeaftertheWar6 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。of1812.C.Theincreaseddemandforthetransportationofallkindsofcargoes.D.Theincreasedvolumeofmail.4.Thetimeofthefastesttransatlanticcrossingmentionedbytheauthorwas13daysand____.A.11.5hoursB.7hoursC.7.5hoursD.4.5hoursCan’tgetoutoftheoffice?Trythesetipsforahealthier,lessstressfulworkday.l5_________Forupper-bodystrength:standayardormoveawayfromyourdesk,withyourfeettogether.Placeyourpalmsontheedgeofthedeskashoulder’swidthapart.Loweryourchesttotheedgeofthedesk,andpushbackup.Remembertobreatheoutonthewayup.Do20times.lThelittlemermaid（美人鱼）atwork.Situprightinyourchair.Holdyourrightwristoveryourheadwithyourlefthandandpullit,stretchingyourrightside.Makesuretokeepyourshouldersdownasyoubend.Holdfor10seconds.6_______Takeholdofyourleftwristoveryourheadwithyourrighthandandstretchtheotherway.Repeatfivetimesoneachside.lShoulderspin.Agoodmoveforflexibility.Sittallinyourchairandreachyourlefthandbehindyourback,betweenyourshoulderblades（肩胛骨），palmout.Thenreachyourrighthanduptowardtheceiling,benditdown,andtrytotouchyourlefthand.7______Holdfor10seconds.Ifnot,grabontoyourshirtandkeeppracticing.Switcharmsandrepeat.lThewoodenleg.Forlower-bodystrength:sitinyourchair,extendonelegoutstraightinfrontofyouandholdfortwoseconds.Thenraiseitupashighasyoucan,andholditagainfortwoseconds.8_______lThemagiccarpetride.Thisworksyourcoreandarms.9______Thenplaceyourhandsonthearmrests,suckinyourgut（内脏）andraiseyourselfafewinchesabovetheseat,usingyourbellymusclesandhands.Holdfor10to20seconds.Restfor30seconds.Repeatfivetimes.A.Repeatwitheachleg15times.B.Invisiblechairsit.C.Deskpushups.D.Ifyoucanreachit,great!E.Sitinyourchair,legscrossedandfeetontheseat.6 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。F.Returntouprightposture.G.Releaseandraiseyourarmstowardtheceilingagain.Ⅱ.完形填空Itmusthavebeenaftertwoo’clockinthemorningwhenthelastguesttookhisleave.Thoughwehadenjoyedtheirstay,mywifeandIwerequite1toshutthedooronthem.We2allthedirtydishesandglassesastheywere,andafteropeningafewwindowstoletsome3airinandthesmelloffoodout,weclimbedintobedand4asleep.I5havebeenasleepformorethanhalfanhour6Iawokewithastrongsmellofsmoke.7halfasleep,Isteppedintotheliving-room,andthere,8heavycloudsofsmoke,Isawoneofourcurtainswasonfire.Ishouldhave9thewindowsthenwithoutdelay,10insteadItriedtobeatoutthefirewithafoldednewspaper11thisfailed,Ihurriedintothekitchento12abucketofwater.Atthesametime,IshoutedtoBarbara,who13phonedtosummonthefirebrigade（消防队）14comingtohelpme.Wehadtoworkattop15carryingbucketsofwaterfromthekitchento16thefire,fannedbythewindfromthewindows,17.Wewereunableto18outthefire,butwemanagedto19itundercontroluntilthearrivalofthefiremen.20,theyarrivedinnotime,andtheyhadlittledifficultyinputtingoutthefire.1.A.nervousB.busyC.thankfulD.free2.A.laidB.leftC.washedD.put3.A.hotB.warmC.freshD.cold4.A.fellB.feltC.gotD.went5.A.mustB.mayC.couldn’tD.mustn’t6.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.as7.A.JustB.StillC.YetD.Only8.A.throughB.byC.fromD.in9.A.brokenB.openedC.closedD.removed10.A.andB.butC.soD.or11.A.ForB.WhenC.AndD.If12.A.bringB.findC.takeD.carry6 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。13.A.eagerlyB.nervouslyC.hurriedlyD.certainly14.A.beforeB.forC.afterD.when15.A.mannerB.gualityC.meansD.speed16.A.beatB.conductC.preventD.make17.A.risingB.burningC.lightingD.spreading18.A.getB.putC.keepD.take19.A.keepB.leaveC.makeD.hold20.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.FortunatelyD.EspeciallyⅢ.短文改错Afterschool,IwasabouttoenterintomyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogliebesidethedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeofsympathy.SoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!Whenmyparentsgothome,IaskedthatIcouldkeepthedog.Tomysurprisedandjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecomememberofourfamilyandeveryonehadenjoyedhiscompany.Lookedatthecute,happydogtoday,IrealizethatIwasrighttohelphim.Iofferedhimashelterbuthehasbroughtourselvesgreathappinessandlaughter.答案Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇导读：1812年战争后，从欧洲去美国的人数大幅度增加，使得横渡大西洋往返于欧美的航运额急剧上升。为满足需求、赢得市场，邮船出现了并且航速也在不断提高。1.C细节理解题。根据最后一段第3句话“TheMaryWhiteridgetook4.5hoursoffthisrecordonarunfromBaltimoretoLiverpool”可知答案选C项。2.D细节理解题。从文章最后一段最后1句话中的“…thefirstofwhichtriedtocompetewiththepacketsin1838…”可知答案选D项。3.A细节理解题。从文章第一段第2句话“ItwastheincreaseinemigrationtoAmericathat…”可知答案选A项。4.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheRedJackeloncesailedfromNewYorktoLiverpoolin13days,11.5hours.TheMaryWhiteridgetook4.5hoursoffthisrecordonarunfromBaltimoretoLiverpool.”可得出结果。6 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。B语篇导读：总是没法走出办公室吗？这样怎么保持健康、减少压力？且听作者良言忠告。5.C本段主要告诉我们利用办公桌做俯卧撑，因此C项正确。6.F这一招叫小美人鱼式，是训练躯干力量和柔韧性的最好动作之一。在椅子上坐直，把右拳举过头顶，左手握住，使劲拉，向身体右侧伸展，……保持10秒，还原。……从上下文看，是指导做这一动作的指令语。7.D这一节讲的是肩部拉伸训练：……右手向上伸出，弯曲，试着够左手。如果能够着，……从上下文可以看出作者在指导拉伸动作，关键词“reach,touch”可以帮助我们作出判断。8.A这一节是“木腿运动”，是训练下半身的力量，上文讲到抬腿伸展，这里选项说到：每条腿重复15次。选项中关键词“leg”与此处行文吻合。9.E这套动作称之为“坐魔毯”，即这个运动可以锻炼你的躯干和手臂，交叉双腿，盘坐在椅子上……该动作与文中“…abovetheseat”符合，表明是坐着的运动，选项中“…ontheseat”是关键信息词。Ⅱ.完形填空语篇导读：本文是记叙文，讲述了我和妻子在深夜救火的经过。1.C毕竟客人走了之后“我们”可以放松一下，因此选C，“谢天谢地，客人总算走了”。2.Bleave表示“使……处于某种状态”，与下文构成完整结构，leavesth.asitis表示“听之任之”。3.C开窗当然是为了让新鲜空气进来，让食物的气味排放出去。4.Afallasleep为固定短语，表示“睡着”。5.C与下一空相搭配，表示“我睡了顶多不过半个钟头”，用否定句式，是havehardly/notdonesth．when句式，而must不用于否定句中表示判断推测。6.C与上一空相联系，本句用了“hardly/not/just…when”句式表示“刚一/才……就”。until表示某一延续动作的截止时间，即动作延续的时间，不可用于此处。7.B早上两点才睡觉，睡了才半个小时，此时仍然睡眼朦胧。8.Athrough指“从中间穿过”，透过满屋烟雾，“我”看见是怎么回事。9.C上文已提到“我”睡觉前将窗户打开了，因此A、B不对，remove表示“挪开，拿走，去掉”，此处应该是“我本该把窗户关上的”，下文（第16空所在句）提到窗外的风助火势。10.B根据上下文可知用but表转折，“shouldhavedonesth.,but…”表示“本该……，可是……”。11.B从上下文看，fail这个动作已经发生，因此用when不用if，用报纸灭火没有用时，“我”就用其他办法。12.D“提一桶水”用carry，bring表示“带来”，take表示“拿走”，find表示“找到”，均不符合上下文的含义，此处指提水救火，用carry表示拿着笨重物体。13.C家里失火了要救火，当然迫在眉睫，用hurriedly才妥当。14.A先打电话给消防队再来帮“我”。15.D将水从厨房运到房里灭火，与第12空一样，用carry表示“运载”。16.C与下一空前面的介词from（被省略）构成搭配，表示“不让火势蔓延”，中间夹了过去分词短语作定语。17.D不让火势蔓延，与上文prevent构成搭配prevent（from）doing，与下文“…itundercontrol”相呼应。6 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。18.B“我们不能扑灭大火”，putoutthefire表示“灭火”。19.Abring/keepsth．undercontrol表示“控制”。20.C有了如此结果，应该算作“幸运地”了。Ⅲ.短文改错Afterschool,IwasabouttoenterintomyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogliebesidelyingthedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeofsympathy.withSoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!energeticWhenmyparentsgothome,IaskedthatIcouldkeepthedog.Tomysurprisedif/whethersurpriseandjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecome∧memberofourfamilyandeveryonehadahasenjoyedhiscompany.Lookedatthecute,happydogtoday,IrealizethatIwasrighttohelphim.IofferedhimaLookingshelterbuthehasbroughtourselvesgreathappinessandlaughter.us6