高考英语一轮复习-基础阅读理解编练(一)1 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。湖北石首市2017高考英语基础阅读理解编练（一）【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。TheMostPeacefulCountriesintheWorldDenmarkDenmarktopsthelistofthemostpeacefulcountriesoilEarthsinceit’sreallyasafeplacetolive.EvenwhileCopenhagenwasunderoccupation（占领）bytheNazisduringtheWorldWarⅡ,itstilldidnotfight.ThepointisthatpeoplelivinginDenmarkprefertofocusoneconomicmatters,insteadofinvolvingthemselvesinvariousarmedconflicts.NorwayManypeopledonotexpectNorwaytoappearinthelistofthemostpeacefulcountriesintheworld.Perhaps,thisisbecauseofAndersBehringBreivik,mass（谋杀多人的）murderer,whohittheprideofthecountryhard.ButNorwayisoneoftheworld’smostpeacefulcountriesandfriendlyandsafeplacetolive,withthehighestlevelofhumandevelopment.SwedenAlthoughSwedenisoneofthebiggestweaponexportersinEurope,thecountryhasalowlevelofrobberies.AccordingtotheGlobalPeaceIndex,Swedenisoneofthemostpeacefulcountriesintheworld,inspiteofthefactthatit’samongtheworld’stoparmsexporters.Besides,Swedenhasnotbeentowarandhasnotparticipatedinanycombats（争斗）forthewholetwocenturies.IcelandIcelandwasalsorankedasoneofthemostpeacefulcountriesintheworld,stayingoutofthemainconflictsintheworld.Icelandseldomorneverhitstheheadlinesanddespitethecollapse（倒闭）oftheIcelandicbanksseveralyearsago,thecountryremainsasallamazingplaceofspectacularnaturalbeauty.TouristsfromallpartsoftheworldcometoIcelandtoviewitshugeglaciersandragingvolcanoes,aswellasnumerousuniquenaturalandculturalattractions.1.WhyisDenmarkoneofthemostpeacefulcountries?A.Danishpeoplefocusoneconomicmatters.B.Denmarkhasthehighestlevelofhumandevelopment.C.Denmarkhasalowlevelofrobberies.D.Denmarkhasuniqueculturalattractions.9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。2,Whichcountryhasn’ttakenpartinanycombatsfor200years?A.DenmarkB.NorwayC.SwedenD.Iceland3.Themassmurderer,AndersBehringBreivikis_______.A.aDanishcitizenB.aNorwegiancitizenC.aSwissD.anIcelander4.What’stheauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tocallonallthecountriestokeeppeace.B.Toappealtoreaderstomakecontributionstoworldpeace.C.Totellreaderssomeinformation.D.Toinvitereaderstovisitthefourcountries.这足一篇说明文。本文向我们介绍了世界上最和平的几个国家。1.A事实细节题。根据第一节ThepointisthatpeoplelivinginDenmarkprefertofocusoneconomicmattersinsteadofinvolvingthemselvesinvariousarmedconflicts.可知A项正确。其他三项属于张冠李戴。2.C事实细节题。根据第三节Besides,Swedenhasnotbeentowarandhasnotparticipatedinanycombats(争斗)forthewholetwocenturies.可知答案。3.B事实细节题。根据第二节AndersBehringBreivik，massmurdere，whohittheprideofthecountryhard.可知答案。4.C推理判断题。作者的写作目的是告诉读者一些信息。2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Iwasdrivinghometheotherdayonasunnyafternoon.IhadasmileonmyfaceasIsangalongtothesongsontheradio.ItwasabeautifuldaythatIfeltfullofhappiness.Mygoodmoodended,however,whentheradiostationtookanewsbreakbetweensongs.ThensuddenlyIfoundmyselflisteningtoyetanotherstoryofarichfamousmanwhohadbrokenthelaw.IshookmyheadasIcametoaredtrafficlight.AsIpulledtoastopInoticedfourleather-jacketedbikers.Theywerestandinginthemiddleoftheroadwithtwooneithersideofthelight.Theylookedroughanddangerous,butasIgot9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。closerInoticedeachonewasholdingtheirhelmetintheirhands.Irolleddownmywindowasoneapproachedmycar.“WearetheBrother’softheWheel”,hesaid.“WearecollectingmoneyforaChristmasToyDriveforneedychildren.”AsIpulledadollaroutofmywalletIlookedpasthisbeardandtattoos(纹身)andintohiseyes.Theyshinedwithagoodnessandkindnessthatcamerightfromhissoul.IdroppedthemoneyinhishelmetandwavedtotheotherbikersasIdroveoff.Mygoodmoodhadreturned.Myfaithinmankindhadbeenbolstered.AndIhadtorememberagainnevertojudgepeoplebytheirappearance.OursocietyoftenjudgesbooksbytheircoversbutGodreadswhatiswritteninourheartsandsouls.Perhapsonedaywewillalllearntoseetheworldthroughthesameeyes.Perhapsonedaywewillrealizethatlooksmatterlittleandactionsmattermuch.1.Thewriter’sgoodmoodendedwhen_______.A.heheardnewsbetweensongsB.hehadtostopataredtrafficlightC.heheardarichmanbrokethelawD.hesawfourleather-jacketedkidsinneed2.Whatarefourbikersdoingatthetrafficlight?A.HavingabicycleraceinthestreetB.Sellinghelmetstothepassers-by.C.RaisingmoneytohelpkidsinneedD.PreparingforChristmasholidays.3.Whatdoes“bolstered”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Destroyed.B.Improved.C.Decreased.D.Exploded.4.Thewritertotellusthatweshould________.A.havefaithinyoungpeopleB.judgeothersbytheiractionsC.changeourattitudetosocietyD.managetohelpothersinneed参考答案1—4、ACBB阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。Thereisprobablynofieldofhumanactivityinwhichourvaluesandlifestylesareshownmoreclearlyandstronglythantheyareintheclothesthatwechoosetowear.Thedressofanindividualisakindof“signlanguage”thatcommunicatesasetofinformationandisusuallythebasisonwhichimmediateimpressionsareformed.Traditionally,aconcernforclotheswasconsideredtobeanaffairoffemales,whilementookprideinthefactthattheywerecompletelylackinginclothesconsciousness(意识).9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。ThistypeofAmericancultureisbydegreeschangingasmandresstakesongreatervarietyandcolor.Evenasearlyas1955,aresearcherinMichigansaidthatmenattachedratherhighimportancetothevalueofclothingindailylife.Whitecollarworkersinparticularvieweddressasasymbol(象征)ofability,whichcouldbeusedtoimpressorinfluenceothers,especiallyintheworksituation.Thewhitecollarworkerwasdescribedasextremelyconcernedabouttheimpressionhisclothingmadeonhissuperiors(上司).Althoughbluecollarworkerswerelessaware(察觉到的)thattheymightbejudgedonthebasisoftheirclothing,theyrecognizedthatanydifferencefromtheacceptedpatternofdresswouldbemadefunofbyfellowworkers.Sincethattime,ofcourse,thepatternshavechanged:thetypicalofficeworkermaynowbewearingtheblueshirt,andthelaborerawhiteshirt;buttheimportanceofdresshasnotbecomeless.Otherresearchersinrecentyearshavehelpedtoproveitsimportanceinthelivesofindividualsatvariousagelevelsandindifferentsocialandeconomicstatusgroups(阶层).36.Thepassagetellsusthat_______.A.ourvaluesandlifestylesareinnofieldofhumanactivityB.theclothesthatwechoosetowearhavesomethingtodowithourvaluesandlifestylesC.ourvaluesandlifestylesarefromthesignlanguageD.theclotheswechoosetoweardependonasetofinformationandimmediateimpression提示:细节理解题。A、C、D三项内容与第一段前两句叙述不符。答案:B37.Traditionally,peopleusuallythoughtthat_______.A.mencaredverymuchforclothesB.womenwereconcernedgreatlyaboutwhattheyworewhilemendidn’tC.bothmenandwomenpaidgreatattentiontotheirclothesD.neithermennorwomenshowedinterestinclothes答案:B38.Bluecollarworkerspayattentiontotheirclothesbecause_______.A.theyareconcernedabouttheimpressiontheirclothesmakeontheirsuperiorsB.theyknowveryclearlythatpeoplewilljudgethemonthebasisoftheirclothingC.theywanttoimpressandinfluenceothersD.theydon’twanttobelaughedat提示:从第二段最后一句来看，正确答案为D。9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。答案:D39.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraph?A.Menthoughtthevalueofclothingindailylifewasveryimportant.B.Mendidn’tpayattentiontotheimportanceofthevalueofclothingindailylife.C.Menthoughtlittleoftheimportanceofthevalueofclothingindailylife.D.Menwereconcernedlittleaboutthevalueofclothingindailylife.提示:第二段后半部分的例子就是证明这句话的。从例子可以看出，无论是白领阶层，还是蓝领工人;无论出于何种目的，他们都注意穿着打扮，都注重服装在生活和工作中的重要作用，所以A项是最恰当的解释。答案:A40.Thepassagemainlysuggeststhat_______.A.nowmenpaymoreattentiontotheirclothesthanwomendoB.womenalwayslikebeautifuldressesC.peoplehavepaidmoreandmoreattentiontotheimportanceofdressD.Americancultureischanginggreatly提示:作者通过论述服装在展示生活价值和生活方式方面不可替代的作用和传统观念上男女对服装的不同态度，以及美国所发生的服装观念上的改变，揭示了人们越来越注重服装在日常生活中的重要作用。答案:C。阅读理解。Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes：“Iunderstandthis9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。situationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（排放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogo（标识）inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.()1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.()2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject()3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissionsB.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppersC.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissionsD.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere()4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecostsB.usethesamelogointheirmarketingC.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyactionD.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。已经开始考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动采取措施，减少排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信赖，进而获得更好的收益1.答案D。【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns”及最后一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。2.答案A。【解析】词义猜测题。由本段中“whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思3.答案A。解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。4.答案C。【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers”可知，早采取行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。阅读理解。AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly,flieslikeafatchicken,eatsgreenleaves,hasthestomachofacowandhasclaws(爪)onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver,animportantfeature(特征)forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.Inappearance，thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall,withalargesetoffeathersonthetop,brightredeyes,andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds,cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeature,though,isonlyfoundintheyoung.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak(喙),theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclaws.DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.()1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Hoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.B．Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.C．PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.D．Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.()2.Younghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat．A．theylooklikeyoungcuckoosB．theyhaveclawsonthewingsC．theyeatalotlikeacowD．theyliveonriverbanks()3.Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?A．Theyhadclawstohelpthemclimb.B．Theycouldflylongdistances.C．Theyhadfourwingslikehoatzins.D．Theyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop.()4.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A．Tofindmorefood.B．Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C．Tokeepthemselveswarm.D．Toproducetheiryoung.1.选D。考查文章主题大意。纵观全文，文章主要讲的是hoatzin麝雉，这种鸟类的外貌以及生活习性。2.选B。根据第一段hasclaws(爪)onitswingswhenyoung,和第三段可知，hoatzin在幼年期是有爪子的，而长大学会飞之后就没有了。3.选A。关键是primitive“原始的，早期的”的意思。第三段第二句话。4.选D。最后一段最后一句话。9 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。9