高考英语二轮复习考前三个月专题一阅读理解细做模拟试题，题型分类突破四推理判断之细节推断题 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。推理判断之细节推断题AWetalkaboutpeoplebeing“colourblind”butveryfewofusare.Eventhosewhodescribethemselvesascolourblindarenormallyjustcolourlack.Astronglycolourblindpersonwillstillbeabletotell20differentcolours，comparedtothe100orsothatnormalsightedpeoplesee.Pingelap，atinyislandinthePacific，isabeautifulspotbutonethathasagenetictrouble.ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecausesomanypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.Notbeingabletoseeincolourisbadenough.Butoneislander，Herrol，who’safisherman，alsostrugglesinfullsunlightbecauseallheseesisapainfulburntoutimage.“Ifinditdifficulttogooutsideinthesun，”hesays，“becausewhenit’ssunnyIcannotseetodomywork.”Butifbeingtrulycolourblindisrare，whyisitthataround10%ofthepopulationofPingelapliveinatotallyblackandwhiteworld?Well，weknowthatin1780thepopulationofPingelapwasallbutwipedoutbyatsunami(海啸)．Asfewas20peoplesurvived，oneofwhomwastheking.It’sbelievedthathehadageneticfaultthatcausescolourblindnessandhepassedthisfaultontohismanygenerations.Thereisoneadvantage.Herrolcanseewell，reallywell，inthedark.Sowhenitgetsdark，Herrolandhisfriendsgetintheirboatsandhuntflyingfish.Theyhangupflamingtorchesandthefishareattractedtotheflames.“Thistypeoffishingisfun，”Herrolsays，“especiallyifwecatchplenty.Soeventhoughit’shardworkweenjoyit.”语篇解读　Pingelap岛因很多居民是色盲而闻名。人们认为由于统治该岛的一位国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了他的后代。1．WhatisPingelapfamousas?A．Atinyisland.B．Abeautifulisland.C．Amentallytroubledisland.D．Acolourblindisland.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecauseso7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。manypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.”可知，Pingelap因为岛上很多居民是色盲而出名，故D项正确。2．WhatcanweinferaboutHerrol?A．Hemaystayathomewhenit’ssunny.B．Heisinterestedinburntoutimages.C．Helikestakingphotosverymuch.D．Hedoesn’tliveinPingelapanymore.答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“‘Ifinditdifficulttogooutsideinthesun，’hesays，‘becausewhenit’ssunnyIcannotseetodomywork.’”可知，Herrol发现在阳光下他无法看清东西，所以无法工作；据此可以判断，阳光充足时他可能会待在家里，故A项正确。3．WhyareaboutonetenthofpeopleinPingelapseriouslycolourblind?A．BecausePingelapoftensuffersfromtsunamis.B．Becausethekinghadanunluckymarriage.C．Becausetheking’sgeneticfaultplayedarole.D．Becausethekingmadeaseriousmistake.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It’sbelievedthathehadageneticfaultthatcausescolourblindnessandhepassedthisfaultontohismanygenerations.”可知，人们认为该岛的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代，故岛上很多人是色盲，故C项正确。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheIslandofColourblindnessB．TheDisadvantageofHerrolC．TheHistoryofPingelapD．TheAdvantageofColourblindness答案　A解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段第二句“ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecausesomanypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.”可知，本文主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap，故A项最适合作本文标题。BIrecentlygotpulledoverforspeedingnotfarfrommynewhomeinVirginia.Ihadn’tbeenpayingattention，andIhaddrivenafewmilesanhouroverthespeed7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。limit.“CanIseeyourlicenseandregistration？”thepoliceofficeraskedme.Ipulledbothoutforhim，andhesawmyPittsburghaddressonmyPennsylvaniadriver’slicense.“Whatareyoudoinghere？”heasked.“Areyouwiththearmy？”“No，I’mnot.”Ianswered.IexplainedthatIhadjustmovedtoVirginia，andIhadn’thadtimetoreregisteryet.“Sowhatbringsyouhere？”Hehadaskedadirectquestion.Withoutthinkingveryhard，Igavehimadirectanswer.“Well，officer，”Isaid，“sinceyou’veasked，Ihavecancer.Ihavejustmonthstolive.We’vemoveddownheretobeclosetomywife’sfamily.”“Soyou’vegotcancer，”hesaidflatly.Hewastryingtofiguremeout.WasIreallydying？WasIlying？Hetookalonglookatme.“Youknow，foraguywhohasonlyafewmonthstolive，yousurelookgood.”Hewasobviouslythinking：“Eitherthisguyispullingonebigfatlineonme，orhe’stellingthetruth.”Hewastryingtoquestionmyhonestywithoutdirectlycallingmealiar.AndsohehadforcedmetoprovethatIwasbeinghonest.“Well，officer，IknowthatIlookprettyhealthy.Ilookgreatontheoutside，butthetumorsareontheinside.”Andthen，Idon’tknowwhatpossessedme，butIjustdidit.Ipulledupmyshirt，showingtheoperationalscars.Helookedatmyscars.Helookedinmyeyes.Henowknewhewastalkingtoadyingman.Well，hewasn’ttakingthisanyfurther.Hehandedmebackmylicense.“Domeafavor.”hesaid，“Slowdownfromnowon.”Theawfultruthhadsetmefree.Ashewentbacktohispolicecar，Ihadarealization.Ihadbeenoneofthosegorgeousblondes(金发美女)whocouldbathereyelashesandgetoutoftickets.Idrovehomeunderthespeedlimit，andIwassmilinglikeabeautyqueen.语篇解读　本文讲述了作者因超速而被警察拦下，在与警察的一系列对话中得知作者患有癌症。从文章最后一个段落可以看出作者是一个乐观的人。5．Theauthorwasstoppedbythepoliceofficerbecause.A．hedidn’thavealicenseB．heforgottoreregisterC．hedrovetoofastD．hewasseriouslyill答案　C7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。解析　细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Ihadn’tbeenpayingattention，andIhaddrivenafewmilesanhouroverthespeedlimit.”可知，作者因超速行驶而被警察拦下，故选C。6．TheauthormovedtoVirginiaprobablybecause.A．hewashomesickB．hisfamilycouldbebettercaredforC．VirginiahadbetterhospitalsD．heservedinthearmythere答案　B解析　推理判断题。由第六段中的“Ihavecancer.Ihavejustmonthstolive.We’vemoveddownheretobeclosetomywife’sfamily.”可知，作者搬到这里是为了和他妻子的家人离得更近，可以使家人得到更好地照顾。故选B。7．Onhearingabouttheauthor’scancer，thepoliceofficer.A．saiditwasanexcuseB．showedsympathyforhimC．askedhimtoshowhisscarsD．doubtedhishonesty答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据文中第七段和第八段可以看出警察对作者的怀疑，故选D。8．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwas.A．adventurousB．optimisticC．dishonestD．romantic答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Idrovehomeunderthespeedlimit，andIwassmilinglikeabeautyqueen.”可知，作者是乐观的。故选B。CMalalaYousafzai，theteenactivistfromPakistan，hasjustbecometheyoungestpersonevertowinaNobelPrize.In2012，Malalasurvivedfrombeingshotbyterroristsforspeakingoutforagirl’srighttobeeducatedinhernativecountry.Sheisbeingrecognizedtodayforherglobalactivismoneducationforgirls.Winningthisawardisahugehonor，especiallyforsuchayoungperson.Malala’sjourneytotheNobelPrizehasnotbeeneasy.ShegrewupinadangerousdistrictofPakistancalledtheSwatValley.ThisareawastakenoverbytheTaliban.TheTalibanruledthedistrictwithanironfist.Theywereespeciallycruel7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。towomen，notallowingthemtogoshopping，havejobs，orgotoschool.In2009，Malalabeganspeakingoutpubliclyforeverygirl’srighttoaneducation.ShebloggedabouthowtheTalibandidn’twanthertogotoschool.Shealsocontinuedtoattendherlocalschool，despitethedangerinvolved.Then，in2012，theTalibantriedtokillMalalatosilenceher.TwoTalibangunmenshotherandtwootherstudentswhiletheywereonaschoolbus.MalalawasflowntotheUnitedKingdomforimmediatemedicaltreatment.Malalaeventuallyrecoveredfromherinjuries.ShenowlivesinBirmingham，England，andcontinuestoworkhardtosupportgirls’andwomen’srightsaroundtheworld.“Theterroriststhoughtthattheywouldchangemyaimsandstopmyambitions，”shesaid，“butnothingchangedinmylifeexceptthis.Weakness，fear，andhopelessnessdied.Strength，power，andcouragewereborn.”The17yearoldgirlfromPakistanissharingthe2014NobelPeacePrizewithachildren’sactivistKailashSatyarthi，whoisfromIndia.Satyarthileadsmanycampaignsdedicatedtoremovingchildlabor.9．Whatcanwemainlyinferfromthesecondparagraph?A．PeopleinPakistanwerebrave.B．WomeninPakistanwerenotallowedtogoshopping.C．TheTaliban’scrueltywassevere.D．Malala’sjourneycontributedtoherNobelPrize.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“TheTalibanruledthedistrictwithanironfist.Theywereespeciallycrueltowomen，notallowingthemtogoshopping，havejobs，orgotoschool.”可知，塔利班在所控制地区采取了残暴的统治，故选C。10．Afterrecoveringfrombeingshot，Malala.A．feltdepressedB．wasdevotedtoremovingchildlaborC．decidedtostopherambitionsD．continuedtofightforwomen’sright答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...andcontinuestoworkhardtosupportgirls’andwomen’srightsaroundthe7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。world.”可知，痊愈之后，她继续为女性权利而斗争。故选项B正确。11．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMalalaaccordingtothepassage?A．Sensitiveandstubborn.B．Devotedandfearless.C．Proudandoptimistic.D．Creativeandoutgoing.答案　B解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，MalalaYousafzai对女性权利事业非常忠诚，面对塔利班的威胁非常勇敢。故选项B正确。DMydearestsonanddaughter，ThestoryofNewJerseyhighschoolstudentRachelCanningsuingherparentsforchildsupportandhighschooleducationinspiredmetowriteyoualittleletter.Letmejustputthisoutthere：theonlywayIexpecttoseeyouinacourtisasalawyerorajudge.Therearetwothingsaboutthiscasethatseemtobedisaster.First，it’snaturalforparentsandchildrentoargue.Icanguaranteethatwewilldisagree.Oneorbothofyouwill，atsomepoint，screamatthetopofyourlungsthevariouswaysyouhateme.AndIwon’talwayslikeyou，either.ButIwillalwaysloveyouanddoeverythingIcantokeepyourbestinterestsasmyfocus，evenwhenI’msoangry.Wearefamily.Thatmeansweareasmuchapartofoneanotherastheflesh，bloodandbonesinourbody.Andweallshouldthinkaboutitverydeeplyinsteadofbreakingthatbond.Second，I’llbehonest，andnomatterhowfarapartweareonyourlifechoices，yourfatherandIwillmostcertainlypayeverythingwecanforyourhighereducation.Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoudeserveit.Tobeclear，thatisaprivilegewehappilyextend(给予)toyou—notarightyouarebornwith.Andyouwillhavetoworkhardtoearnthatprivilege.Growingupishardwork.IfIdomyjobproperlyasyourmother—andyoudoyoursasmychildren—youwouldsoonergetajobortwo，andfindawaytomakeyourdreamscometrueratherthangototrialoverwhatyouthinkyouareentitledto.Lovealways，Mom7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。语篇解读　本文为应用文。是一位妈妈写给她的孩子们的信。作者告诉孩子：一方面她很爱他们，会尽全力照顾他们；另一方面，家长支付孩子教育费用并非理所当然，还需孩子自己努力获得。12．Themotherwritesthisletterbecauseshewantsherchildrento.A．bepreparedforeducationB．learnalessonfromthecaseC．takeupthelegalprofessionD．rememberRachelCanning答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“ThestoryofNewJerseyhighschoolstudentRachelCanningsuingherparentsforchildsupportandhighschooleducationinspiredmetowriteyoualittleletter.”可知，妈妈写信的目的是想让孩子们从此案例中得到启示，故选B项。13．Whenindisagreement，themotherexpectsherchildrennotto.A．guaranteeanythingB．screamouttheirangerC．breakthefamilybondD．forgettheirbestinterests答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，父母和孩子意见不一致是很正常的，根据此段最后一句可知出现矛盾时，父母希望孩子不要破坏家庭成员之间的纽带，故选C项。14．Themotherthinksofparents’payingfortheirchildren’shighereducationas.A．awayinwhichchildrenrealizetheirdreamsB．atestofwhetherparentslovetheirchildrenC．aprivilegethatchildrenshouldearnD．arightthatparentsarebornwith答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Tobeclear，thatisaprivilegewehappilyextend(给予)toyou—notarightyouarebornwith.”可看出，这个妈妈认为父母支付孩子的教育费用是父母乐意给予孩子的特权，但并非孩子生来就有的，故选C项。7