【优化指导】（新课标全国） 高考英语总复习 课时作业 37 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。【优化指导】（新课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业37Unit1选修8一、单项填空1．What______publicisconcernedaboutiswhetherthegovernmentwillbeabletofind______cureforthefinancialcrisis.A．/；the　　　　　　　　B．/；aC．the；theD．the；a解析：thepublic表示“公众”；第二个空是不定冠词表示泛指的用法，acure表示“(解决问题的)措施”。句意：公众关心的是政府能否找到解决此次金融危机的措施。答案：D2．Shebelievedherselftobeinnocent；shewentintothepolicestationwithherheadhighly______.A．raisingB．raisedC．risenD．toraise解析：动词raise与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词表示被动。句意：因为她相信她自己是清白的，因此，她昂首挺胸地走进了警察局。答案：B3．Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers，seldom，______，refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.A．ifneverB．ifeverC．ifnotD．ifany解析：本题考查考生在语境中灵活运用短语辨析用法的能力。此处seldom，ifever是一个短语，是“从不，决不”的意思。答案：B4．Andreaisn’tlazy；she’sjust______.Sheneedstoworksmarter，notharder.A．inefficientB．incapableC．independentD．intelligent解析：考查形容词辨析。由下文的“sheneedstoworksmarter，notharder”可以看出她只是不太灵活，因此可以看出，她不是懒，而是inefficient“效率低下的”。答案：A5．______nobus，wehadtowalkhome.7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。A．TherebeingB．BeingC．HavingD．Therewas6．Wehavetimeandagain______ourpositiononTaiwanissue！Whateverhappens，wewon’tchangeit!A．explainedB．clarifiedC．introducedD．concluded解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我们已经反复阐明我们对台湾问题的立场！无论发生什么，我们决不改变！clarifyone’sposition“阐明立场，阐明观点”；explain“解释”；introduce“介绍”；conclude“总结”。答案：B7．Edisonmusthavebeenveryclever，______he?A．hasn’tB．didn’tC．mustn’tD．wasn’t解析：考查反意疑问句。句子描述的是爱迪生当年的情况，因此用过去时。答案：D8．KunmingwhichiscalledTheSpringCityis______attractiveinspringandwinterbecauseofitspleasantclimate.A．partlyB．merelyC．equallyD．nearly解析：考查副词词义辨析。equally此处表示“同样地”。句意：被称作春城的昆明因它那怡人的气候，不论在春天还是在冬天都是同样地吸引人。答案：C9．Makinggreateffortstostrugglehardinyourstudy，if______，willpossiblyleadtoyourgreatsuccessinthecollegeenteranceexamnextyear.A．continuedB．tocontinueC．continuesD．continuing解析：考查状语从句的省略。主句的主语Makinggreateffortstostrugglehard与选项continue之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词表示被动“在学习中努力拼搏，如果持之以恒地坚持下去的话，将会使你在下年的高考中取得成功”。答案：A10．—Wasitinfrontofthemuseum______youwerevisitingitinside?7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。—Sure.ButwhenIwentoutofthemuseum，mycarwasgone.A．thatB．whereC．whichD．while解析：句中的it代表car。如果看作强调句，那么答句和问句句意不符。while引导的是时间状语从句。问句句意：你在博物馆内参观时车就停放在博物馆门前吗？此题易错看作强调句，错选A项。答案：D11．—Ithasbeennationwidelyrequiredthateverystudent______havedailyexerciseforonehour.—Yeah.Itishightimethatwe______specialattentiontophysicalexercise.A．must；shouldpayB．should；paidC．will；shallpayD．need；pay解析：主句的动词是require，that引导的主语从句中用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”；第二个空考查it’shightimethat...从句中用虚拟语气“过去式或should＋动词原形”(注意：此结构中的should不可省略)。答案：B12．Hesaidthatlittlehadbeendone______washelpfultoourstudy.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．allthat解析：thatwashelpfultoourstudy是定语从句修饰先行词little。修饰先行词little时，用that，不用which。答案：C13．—Yououghttohavecalledhimyesterday.—Yes，IknowI______.A．shouldB．havetoC．musthaveD．shouldhave解析：考查对过去推测。Ishouldhave是对Ishouldhavecalledhim的省略。答案：D14．—Sheshouldhavebeeninformedofthemeeting.—______，butshewouldn’tliketoattendthismeeting.A．Yes，sheshouldB．SoshewasC．SowassheD．Soitwaswithher解析：考查“so＋主语＋助动词”的用法。强调“的确有人通知她了，但是她不想参加这个会议”。上句中shouldhavedone7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。sth.表示“本该做的事而没有做”，而答语说的是事实，并且上下两句的主语是同一个人，因此选B项。选项A最具有迷惑性，学生容易受思维定势的影响。答案：B15．ThethingIlike______workinghereisthatthere’sagreatteamspirit.A．withB．overC．atD．about解析：考查介词的用法。about此处表示“关于，就……而然”。Ilikeaboutworkinghere作定语从句修饰thething。句意：强烈的团队精神是我喜欢在这里工作的原因。答案：D二、阅读理解AYoucan’thideanaturaldisasterfromchildren，sohowdowepreparethemforit？Firstofall，youshouldexplaintothemthatactsofnaturearen’tnecessarilydisastersbutcanbecomeone.Thesemayincludefloods，hurricanes，tornadoes，winterstorms，wildfires，andearthquakes.Thewaytopreparechildrenforthesedisastersistoeducatethemaboutwhateachtypeisandthenmakeitfunbymakingthem“DisasterMasters”orwhatevertitleyoucanthinkof.MakingthemaDisasterMasterwon’tbeeasy.Theymustknowwhat’sinadisasteremergencykit(工具箱)andwhyit’sincluded.Youcangetyourfriendsinvolved，too.Ifyourfriendshavechildren，theymaywanttobeinvolvedinyouremergencypreparations.Makeitagroupproject.Thisistheopportunityforeveryonetobecomefamiliarwiththeequipment.Wehavetobeawareofourconductandthewaywereacttostress.Thechildrenwillbeeasilyinfluencedbyyourattitudeanddemeanor.Thecalmness，steadymanner，andgoodhumorofyourspouse(配偶)andyouwillgoalongwaytowardtheeasingorthereductionofstress.Explaintothemwhatthey’relikelytoencounterorseeanddescribehowpeoplemayreact.Disasterscancomeandgoveryquicklyandgenerallydon’tlastlong.Ifyoumuststayawayfromhome，trytogetintoaroutinequicklyandencouragethemtomakenewfriends.Letthemknowtheycanlooktotheirparentsandotheradultsiftheybecomescaredorconfused.Andit’simportanttoletthemknowit’sOKtocryduringadisaster.It’ssometimeshelpfultoletthechildrendrawpicturesofwhatthey’ve7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。experienced.Encouragethemtowritewhattheylearnedandwhatcouldhavebeendonebetter.Savethestory.Makeitpartofadocumentedfamilyhistory!本文主要介绍了如何教育孩子应对自然灾害。1．Thispassagewaswrittenmainlytotellusabout______.A．theimportanceofmutualhelpindisasterpreparationB．tipsforpreparingchildrenforanaturaldisasterC．theimportanceofeducatingchildrenaboutnaturaldisastersD．waystoraisechildren’scourageinnaturaldisasters解析：作者意图题。第一段Youcan’thideanaturaldisasterfromchildren，sohowdowepreparethemforit？为文章的主题句，由此可知，答案为B项。答案：B2．ItisamustthataDisasterMasterknows______.A．whenanaturaldisasterwillcomeB．whytherearenaturaldisastersC．howtouseadisasteremergencykitD．howtoteachothersaboutemergencypreparations解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Theymustknowwhat’sinadisasteremergencykitandwhyit’sincluded.可推断，答案为C项。答案：C3．Theunderlinedword“demeanor”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“______”．A．personalityB．lifestyleC．emotionD．behavior解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段．..beawareofourconductandthewaywereacttostress.和Thecalmness，steadymanner，andgoodhumor...可推断，demeanor意为“行为”，故答案为D项。答案：D4．Theauthorwrotethepassagemainlyfor______.A．parentsB．youngchildrenC．teachersD．collegestudentsB7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。“Inbetweenstimulusandresponse，thereisapause，andinthatpausewehavetheopportunitytomakeadifferentchoice.”—VictorFranklReadingaletterrecentlyfrommyfriendandcolleague，JudyWarner，Iwasinspired.AlthoughIteachthepracticeofcentering，herstoryhelpedmerealizehowmuchmoreoftenIcouldbepracticingandimproving.IamcenteringnowasIwrite.Icenteredwhiletakingadrinkofwaterearliertoday，andIlookforwardtofindingmoreplacestocatch_myself.Whatagreat，fun，lowpressureapproachtopractice.IamremindedofanothercenteringpracticethatI’veusedoverandoveragaintogoodeffect.Thinkofadifficultpersoninyourlife，someonewhosepresencecausesyoutobecomeuncentered.Withasmallmentalshiftyoucanremakethispersonintoacenteringpractice.Thesameprocedurecanapplytouncenteringevents.Someyearsago，afriendandIhadafallingout，andeverytimeIsawherIbecameuncentered，fearful，andawkward.Iwantedtowalktheotherway.Wewerethrowntogetheralot，asithappens，andonedayIdecidedtoseehowlongIcouldremaincenteredinherpresence.ItwasaboutfivesecondsbeforeIhadtorecentermyself.ThenexttimeIsawher，Iwasabletoremaincenteredlonger.ThisprocesscontinueduntilIbegantolookforwardtoseeinghersothatIcouldtestmyself.Ihadturnedmydifficultpersonintoacenteringpractice.SheandIhavebecomegoodfriendsagainsincethattime，andwecanlaughaboutthisstory(sheknows)．Ihavenodoubtthatthiscenteringprocessplayedapartinhelpingthattohappen.Whattriggers(触发)yourhotbuttons？Changethesepeopleoreventsintocenteringtriggersinstead.Pause，center，andpracticeadifferentchoice.作者发现，“集中注意力”练习可在任何时候任何地点进行，还可将一个不能集中注意力的人或物转变成一个练习对象。5．AfterreadingJudyWarner’sletter，theauthorlearnedthatthepracticeofcentering______.A．couldtakeplaceanytimeandanywhereB．isahardworkingjobC．playsanactivepartindailylifeD．couldchangeapersoncompletely解析：细节理解题。根据第二段．..herstoryhelpedmerealizehowmuchmoreoften7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Icouldbepracticingandimproving.可知，答案为A项。答案：A6．Theunderlinedpart“catchmyself”inParagraph2canbereplacedby“______”．A．getholdofmyselfB．practicecenteringC．attractothers’attentionD．describemycharacter解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段Icenteredwhiletakingadrinkofwaterearliertoday...和Whatagreat，fun，lowpressureapproachtopractice.可推断，答案为B项。答案：B7．Howcanpeoplemakeadifficultpersonintoacenteringpractice?A．Bythinkinginanotherway.B．Bychangingtheirfriends.C．Byavoidingmeetingthepersonagain.D．Bychangingthemselves.解析：推理判断题。根据末段Changethesepeopleoreventsintocenteringtriggersinstead.Pause，center，andpracticeadifferentchoice.可推断，答案为A项。答案：A8．Howmanyexamplesofcenteringpracticearethereinthepassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.7