【英语】2020届高考英语二轮专题复习冲刺学案（含练习）：语法填空考法1 5页

‎ 二、语法填空 考法1　有提示词 语篇出处：2019年全国卷Ⅰ　语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：北极熊 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence __1__ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been __2__ (poor)studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.‎ Modern methods __3__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive __4__ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut __5__ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a __6__ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by __7__ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are __8__ (high) than they actually are. Of __9__ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six __10__ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. ‎ 整体时态是一般现在时。‎ ‎1题：无提示词，there is evidence是主句，they range all the way across the Arctic应该是从句，说明名词evidence的内容。从句中不缺少任何成分，考查同位语从句。‎ ‎2题：提示词是形容词，考虑改为比较级或者词性转换。has been studied是谓语动词，修饰动词应该用副词形式。‎ ‎3题：无提示词，考虑填写介词、冠词、代词、连词等。句子的谓语是have been employed，前面Modern methods是名词作主语，后面tracking polar bear populations是非谓语动词短语，因此此处需要介词。‎ ‎4题：提示词是动词，考虑谓语或非谓语、词性转换。句子的谓语是are, expensive作表语，表语形容词后常用不定式作状语。‎ ‎5题：提示词为动词，句子主语是Inuit people，宾语是increases，应考虑此处用作谓语，时间状语是In recent years。‎ ‎6题：提示词为动词，作动词leading to的宾语，前面有冠词a修饰，应考虑词性转换，用名词形式。‎ ‎7题：提示词为动词，前面有介词by，应考虑非谓语动词。‎ ‎8题：提示词为形容词，且其前面有系动词are，后面有表示比较的标志词than，应考虑比较级。‎ ‎9题：无提示词，考虑介词、冠词、代词、连词。空格前面有of “在……当中”，后面是nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，下文分别列举了three ... six ... one ... and nine ...，说明总共19种，表示特指。‎ ‎10题：提示词为be动词，考虑主谓一致。主语是six，文章整体时态是一般现在时。‎ ‎1．that　2.poorly　3.of/for　4.to perform　5.have reported　6.belief　7.noting　8.higher　9.the　10.are 类型一　提示词为动词 ‎1.________ (be) careful whenever you are crossing the road.‎ 答案：Be　考查祈使句。祈使句用动词原形，在句子开头第一个字母大写。‎ ‎2．As a saying ________ (go), “Practice makes perfect.” And I think it is the case.‎ 答案：goes　考查动词的时态。句意：俗话说，“熟能生巧。”我认为这是对的。此处在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用goes。‎ ‎3．He hurried to the bookstore and ________ (tell) that all the books he wanted had been sold out.‎ 答案：was told　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他匆忙赶到书店，被告知他需要的书已经卖完了。由and可知，设空处与hurried并列，用一般过去时；he与tell之间为被动关系，故用was told。‎ ‎4．It ________ (be) easy to plan a surprise party when one's birthday comes.‎ 答案：is　考查主谓一致。主语是第三人称单数it，句子用的是一般现在时，故填is。‎ ‎5．If I ________ (get) the book you are interested in, I would give it to you.‎ 答案：got　考查虚拟语气。由主句中的“would give”可知，从句应该用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟。‎ ‎6．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．‎ 答案：to catch　考查非谓语动词。此处表示将要发生的动作，所以用动词不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎7．Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ 答案：eating　考查非谓语动词。介词后用动词ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎8．This is one of the most famous poems ________ (write) by Li Bai, in which the story described friendship.‎ 答案：written　考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语是前面的is，poems与write之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎9．Last week, we had an unforgettable experience, which left me a deep ________ (impress)．‎ 答案：impression　考查词性转换。在冠词a后应该用名词，形容词deep用来修饰该名词。‎ ‎10．Soccer is a universal language that we speak with ________ (differ) accents.‎ 答案：different　考查词性转换。修饰名词accents用形容词形式。‎ 类型二　提示词为名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词 ‎1.As we all know, the four ________ (treasure) of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy.‎ 答案：treasures　考查名词。treasure是可数名词，前面有four修饰，故用其复数形式。‎ ‎2．Chinese calligraphy is a fine art of the excellent ________ (tradition) cultures in China.‎ 答案：traditional　考查词性转换。设空处前面有定冠词the，空格后是名词cultures，用形容词修饰名词。‎ ‎3．What you do is to find a nearest mobike through the APP, scan the QR code on the bike, and enjoy ________ (you) trip.‎ 答案：your　考查代词。修饰名词trip，用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎4．I made the Chinese knots ________ (I) with red silk threads, cloth and other materials.‎ 答案：myself　考查代词。句意：这些中国结是我亲自做的。myself用作主语I的同位语。‎ ‎5．In his ________ (twenty), he went to another city to search for a better life.‎ 答案：twenties　考查数词。in one's twenties “在某人20多岁的时候”。‎ ‎6．I've read the six books borrowed from the library, and I find the ________ (five) one is the most interesting.‎ 答案：fifth　考查数词。句意：我从图书馆借了六本书，发现第五本是最有趣的。这里表示“第五”，故用序数词。‎ ‎7．Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese characters more ________ (easy)．‎ 答案：easily　考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。‎ ‎8．The more they know about the importance of culture protection, the ________ (strong) support we can get from the public.‎ 答案：stronger　考查形容词。the more ... the more ... 结构，意为“越……越……”。‎ ‎9．My favorite festival is the MidAutumn Festival. It ________ (usual) comes in September or October.‎ 答案：usually　考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。‎ ‎10．They had thought that they would arrive there on time. ________ (fortunately), they met an accident.‎ 答案：Unfortunately　考查副词。句意：他们本来认为可以按时到达那里，不幸的是，他们遇到了事故。根据句意可知，应用该副词的反义词形式。‎