【英语】2018届高考英语二轮复习冠词在短文语法填空中的考查解题指导学案（9页word版） 9页

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空中冠词的考查解题指导 判定方法 应用体验 如果空格后有名词(短语)而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，那么空格处一般是填冠词。‎ ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm resting.Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a model in New York. ‎ ‎②(2017·吉林大学附中模拟)The day that you enjoy all the satisfaction of having all the housework done by a robot might still be a few decades off.‎ ‎(一)不定冠词a/an的常考点 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·山西省实验中学质检)And they talked about turning an embarrassing situation into a sweet one！‎ ‎②(2017·马鞍山市模拟)But now we have already been standing by this road for over an hour.‎ ‎③(2017·湖北省七市联考)Unfolded before me was a unique image of this water country — the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me.‎ 不定冠词有两种形式：‎ ‎(1)当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为辅音音素(注意：不是辅音字母)时用a；‎ ‎(2)当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)时用an。‎ ‎④(2017·浙江高考)For Pahlsson, its return was a wonder.‎ 不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。‎ ‎⑤(2015·四川高考改编)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.‎ 不定冠词a/an意为“某一个……”，相当于a certain。‎ ‎⑥(2017·皖南八校模拟)It asks you to work out four times a week for about two months.‎ 不定冠词表示“每……”，多用于速度、时间等表达中。‎ ‎⑦(2017·南昌市三校联考)Finally, it was a great success which saved lives then, and is still saving lives today.‎ 具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。如：‎ a success“‎ ‎⑧(2017·焦作市模拟)I acquired a good knowledge of that after I read the description in the museum.‎ 一个成功的人或一件成功的事”。‎ ‎⑨(2017·菏泽市模拟)The farmer was about to give up when a little boy went up to him and asked to be given a_second chance.‎ 序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一个”或“又一个”。‎ ‎⑩(2017·黑吉两省六校联考)This has created a “throwaway society” which is a waste of the earth’s resources.‎ ‎⑪(2017·福建师大附中模拟)This simple way of helping people is now making a big difference to society.‎ 不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：‎ a waste of　浪费……　 all of a sudden　　突然地 as a rule 通常 as a result of 由于 as a whole 总体上 make a difference 有影响 ‎(二)定冠词the的常考点 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·太原一模)A mouse, because of an unlucky chance, made close friends with an evil frog.One day, the frog played a trick on the 定冠词the特指某人或某物。‎ ‎ mouse by tying a foot of the mouse to his own.‎ ‎②(2017·陕西省渭南市质检)Smoking is one of the biggest causes of preventable deaths in England.‎ ‎③(2017·西安市模拟)Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a cave from the English.‎ ‎④(2017·菏泽市模拟)They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in the same way.‎ 在最高级或序数词前面或由only, very, same等修饰的名词前面用定冠词the。‎ ‎⑤(2017·佛山一中模拟)Soldiers came to rescue those buried under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes and shelters for the homeless.‎ 定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。‎ ‎⑥In the early 1990s, the library was named after the businessman who donated most of the money with which to buy it.‎ 定冠词用在年代或用于逢十的数词前，也用在表示世纪的某个年代前。‎ ‎⑦(2017·甘肃省白银市模拟)New fuel can be used to take the place of gas.‎ ‎⑧(2017·沈阳二中模拟)On the whole, Canadian students do have a lot of freedom.‎ 定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：‎ take the place of 替代； on the whole总的来说； on the spot 当场。‎ ‎(一)冠词的错用 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.第一个a→an ‎②(2017·襄阳市模拟)Studying at an university in the UK has been a good experience for me.an→a ‎③(2017·肇庆市模拟)I’m Wang Hong, a international student of Beijing University.a→an a和an的错用 元音音素前用an，辅音音素前用a。‎ ‎④(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.the→a ‎⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents ...A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.shop前的a→the ‎⑥(2017·柳州市模拟)It’s the pity that a lot of people still don’t appreciate the value of time.第一个the→a 不定冠词和定冠词的错用 表示特指时用定冠词the；表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。‎ ‎(二)冠词的缺失与多余 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2016·四川高考)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.kitchen前加the ‎②(2017·衡水中学模拟)To start with, Beijing, the capital of China, is very attractive city with a long history.is后加a 单数可数名词前冠词的缺失 一般来说，单数可数名词前应有适当的冠词，表示泛指用a(n)，表示特指用the。‎ ‎③(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.去掉flowers前的the ‎④(2017·成都市模拟)As the time went on, different life forms began.去掉the 冠词的多余 可数名词复数或不可数名词表示泛指时不用冠词。‎ ‎⑤(2017·皖南八校联考)The father was in hurry so he didn’t know what was inside.hurry前加a ‎⑥(2017·广东省清远市模拟)I’m Li Hua and I’m writing to apply for the assistant post you advertised on Internet.Internet前加the 注意常用固定搭配中冠词的缺失与多余。‎ ‎⑦(2017·河北省定州中学模拟)At that time, I was having a trouble studying English and my scores fell.去掉a ‎⑧(2017·安徽省淮南二中模拟)But the most important thing is that the number of private cars should be put under the control.去掉control前的the 冠词专练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·豫南九校模拟)My parents noticed but felt that since I’d always been a good child, this was temporary.‎ ‎2．(2017·合肥市一模)Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of the most important art forms in China.‎ ‎3．(2017·山西大学附中模拟)Since I had an electronic ticket, I then went straight to the boarding gate.‎ ‎4．(2017·石家庄市质检)In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as a blessing.‎ ‎5．(2017·青岛市模拟)There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.‎ ‎6．(2017·西宁市二模)Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren’‎ t the only important things.‎ ‎7．(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)If our seed is poor and full of weeds, we will reap a useless crop.‎ ‎8．Recently when he took a look at his collection of books, he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago.‎ ‎9．(2017·济宁市模拟)Later, Hongbao developed into more general best wishes and a blessing on the young.‎ ‎10．(2017·山西实验中学模拟)Older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into a peaceful life of cooking and gardening.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·吉林市普通中学模拟)I think it is the good thing for the workforce to be flexible.第一个the→a ‎2．(2017·天水市模拟)Why not get together with some friends for a picnic on such fine day？such后加a ‎3．(2017·淮北市一模)The following months witnessed my efforts, and I finally made a great progress in other important exams.去掉a ‎4．(2017·泸州市模拟)It was an end of my first day as a waitress in a busy restaurant.an→the ‎5．(2017·九江一中模拟)During your study, you can take the part in more activities after class, where you can make more friends from different countries.去掉the ‎6．(2017·漳州市联考)Realizing it was our last school sports meeting, we decided to make it unforgettable experience.unforgettable前加an ‎7．After climbing for half a hour, we got to the top of the mountain.a→an ‎8．(2017·周口市质检)On the one hand, he has gift for singing and has taken part in many singing contests in which he performed well.gift前加a ‎9．(2017·贵州航天高级中学模拟)To make our city the better place to live in, we still have a lot to do.the→a ‎10．(2017·福州八中质检)From then on, I learned to help others and turn to my friends for the help whenever I had difficulty finishing a task on my own.去掉the