【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之小题狂练④ 9页

小题狂练④‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎[2019·武汉市毕业班训练]‎ My mom was a nurse and often took me along to visit the families she was caring for. Among them was a woman who had a(n) __1__ disease and was always lying on the bed. One afternoon, my mom told me that we needed to __2__ the woman at her home to __3__ treatment, and we would stop at a store __4__. I thought we would stop at a __5__ store, but we pulled up to a __6__. My mom headed to the makeup __7__ and bought the most expensive bottle of __8__ they offered. She also bought a __9__ nightdress. When I asked my mom who these things were for, she said they were for her patient. My mom __10__ explained that although this woman was older and unable to __11__ her bed, she was still a lady, and she __12__ dignity and beauty. She __13__ to me that when we care for someone, we __14__ the disability or the illness and we look into the __15__ of the human so we can connect with them with sympathy. I __16__ realized that my mom's __17__ strengths were caring for the very young and the very old, those who cannot __18__ themselves and need trustworthy care providers. I knew in 9th grade I would become a __19__. Today, I work as a clinical psychologist, and I'm not __20__ that I find my practice filled with patients who are very young and very old.‎ 体裁：夹叙夹议文　题材：人生感悟　主题：了解病人的灵魂 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述的是作者小时候和母亲一起去看望病人时，母亲对作者说了一些话以及母亲的这些话对作者的影响。‎ ‎【高频词回顾】　deserve vt.应受，应得 ‎1．A.common B．serious C．rare D．active 答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“was always lying on the bed”可知，其中有一位女士患了严重的(serious)病。‎ ‎2．A.study B．search C．persuade D．visit 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“My mom was a nurse and ‎ often took me along to visit the families she was caring for”可知，母亲告诉作者他们需要去看望(visit)那位女士。‎ ‎3．A.help with B．respond to C．require D．get 答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“she was caring for”可知，母亲作为一名护士照顾病人，故此处表示“去帮助(help with)治疗”。‎ ‎4．A.all the way B．the other way C．on the way D．in the way 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“at her home”可知，作者和母亲一起去一位女病人的家里，所以此处应该是指在去的路上(on the way)。‎ ‎5．A.fruit B．clothing C．drug D．specialty 答案与解析：C　上文说母亲是一名护士，在和作者一起去看病人，所以此处表示作者原以为母亲会到药(drug)店里。‎ ‎6．A.garage B．restaurant C．factory D．supermarket 答案与解析：D　根据下文中的“My mom headed to the makeup... nightdress”可知，作者他们去了一家超市(supermarket)。‎ ‎7．A.counter B．room C．mirror D．box 答案与解析：A　根据常识和下文中的“the most expensive bottle”可知，作者的母亲朝化妆品柜台(counter)走去。‎ ‎8．A.wine B．perfume C．juice D．milk 答案与解析：B　根据空前的“the most expensive bottle”和下文中的“dignity and beauty”可知，作者的母亲购买了一瓶最昂贵的香水(perfume)。‎ ‎9．A.comfortable B．strange C．useful D．beautiful 答案与解析：D　根据下文中的“she was still a lady”和“dignity and beauty”可知，母亲也为她购买了一件漂亮的(beautiful)睡衣。‎ ‎10．A.further B．thus C．still D．once 答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“When I asked my mom who these things were for, she said they were for her patient”可知，此处母亲进一步(further)向作者解释。‎ ‎11．A.approach B．make C．leave D．touch 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“and was always lying on the bed”可知，此处为这位女士不能离开(leave)她的床。‎ ‎12．A.managed B．deserved C．challenged D．requested 答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，虽然这位女士年纪大了，不能离开她的床，但她依然值得(拥有)(deserved)尊严和美丽。‎ ‎13．A.turned B．reported C．wrote D．explained 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“My mom __10__ explained that although this woman”可知，母亲向作者解释(explained)。‎ ‎14．A.look for B．look at C．look up D．look past 答案与解析：D　此处表示“当我们关心一个人的时候，我们会忽略(look past)他的残疾或疾病，并且我们会深入了解他的灵魂(soul)”。‎ ‎15．A.courage B．future C．soul D．development 答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.even B．soon C．never D．again 答案与解析：B　作者不久(soon)意识到母亲的最大(great)长处就是照顾那些非常年幼的和非常年老的人。‎ ‎17．A.great B．financial C．physical D．various 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎18．A.prepare for B．leave behind C．look after D．give up 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“for the very young and the very old”和下文中的“need trustworthy care providers”‎ 可知，这些人都是一些不能自理(look after)的人。‎ ‎19．A.writer B．doctor C．chemist D．patient 答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“I work as a clinical psychologist”和“my practice filled with patients”可知，九年级的时候作者就立志成为一名医生(doctor)。‎ ‎20．A.surprised B．pleased C．positive D．silent 答案与解析：A　作者对自己在工作中面对非常年幼的和非常年老的病人不会感到惊奇(surprised)。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2019·山东师大附中模拟]‎ A new study on students aging from 6 to 22 found that students are six times more likely to exhibit depression symptoms (症状) than the general people. Researchers led by Teresa Evans, a professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, surveyed 2,279 volunteers in 26 different countries. __21__‎ Compared with previous research on nonstudent populations, students were more likely to experience anxiety and depression, as has been shown in this research. Approximately 40% of the volunteers scored moderate to severe for anxiety. While nearly 40 percent showed signs of moderate to severe depression. And females appeared to be suffering more severely. __22__ It should serve as a wakeup call for the attention.‎ It's not hard to understand why. On the one hand, long hours of study, social isolation, and feelings of failure can break even the most motivated persons among us. __23__‎ ‎__24__ Of the students who experienced moderate to severe anxiety, 56% did not agree that their worklife balance was “good”. Among students with depression, more than half did not agree, so it seems quite necessary or even urgent to teach students to learn to rest and seek entertainment in the meantime of their tight study.‎ Proper mentorship (导师指导) is another aspect that can have a positive effect on a student's mental health. Among the surveyed students with anxiety or depression, only half agreed that their immediate mentors provided “real” mentorship. __25__‎ A．Most of them are students.‎ B．70% of them were female and 30% male.‎ C．One solution is improving the studylife balance.‎ D．The high rates of anxiety and depression are alarming.‎ E．Students feel anxious or even stressed with them combined.‎ F．Also lack of necessary instructions seems to make things worse.‎ G．So building up an immediate assistanceproviding system turn out quite urgent.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：饮食与健康　主题：学生患抑郁症几率大的原因 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项针对6－22岁学生的新研究。研究对象为来自26个国家的2 279名志愿者。研究表明学生患抑郁症的几率是一般人的六倍，并解释了原因及解决方法。‎ ‎【难句分析】　A new study on students aging from 6 to 22 found that students are six times more likely to exhibit depression symptoms (症状) than the general people.(第一段第一句)‎ 分析：本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，作found的宾语。‎ 译文：一项针对6到22岁的学生的新研究发现学生患抑郁症的几率是一般人的六倍。‎ 词汇积累：depression n．抑郁；精神忧郁　survey v．调查　previous adj.先前的 ‎21．答案与解析：B　根据空格前的“surveyed 2,279 volunteers in 26 different countries”和第二段倒数第三句“And females appeared to be suffering more severely.”可推知，空格处应是介绍研究对象的组成形式，B项承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎22．答案与解析：D　根据空格后的“It should serve as a wakeup call for the attention.”可知，它应该作为一种提醒人们注意的警告。D项“焦虑和抑郁的高发率令人担忧”与下文联系紧密，故选D项。‎ ‎23．答案与解析：F　根据空格前“On the one hand, long hours of study, social isolation, and feelings of failure can break even the most motivated persons among us.”‎ 可推知，空格处应是产生焦虑和抑郁的另一个原因。F项“此外，缺乏必要的指导似乎让事情变得更糟”承接上文，符合语境，故选F项。‎ ‎24．答案与解析：C　根据空格后的“Of the students who experienced moderate to severe anxiety, 56% did not agree that their worklife balance was ‘good’．”可知，空格处应与“平衡”有关。C项“一种解决办法是改善学习与生活之间的平衡”与下文联系紧密，故选C项。‎ ‎25．答案与解析：G　根据空格前的“Among the surveyed students with anxiety or depression, only half agreed that their immediate mentors provided ‘real’ mentorship.”可知，在被调查的患有焦虑和抑郁的学生里，只有一半同意他们的直接导师提供“真正的”指导。G项“因此，建立一个即时的援助系统是非常紧急的”与上文联系紧密，符合语境，故选G项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __26__ (long) than nonrunners. You don't have to run fast or for long __27__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __28__ (die) early by running.‎ ‎ While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it __29__ (be)more effective at lengthening life __30__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __31__ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __32__ (cause)．‎ The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __33__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always __34__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __35__ a try.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：健康　主题：跑步带来多种健康益处 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。‎ ‎26．答案与解析：longer　考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。‎ ‎27．答案与解析：to see　考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。‎ ‎28．答案与解析：dying　考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one's risk of...“降低某人……的风险”，此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。‎ ‎29．答案与解析：is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；宾语从句中的主语为it，故用is。‎ ‎30．答案与解析：than　考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用连词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命，故填than。‎ ‎31．答案与解析：that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。‎ ‎32．答案与解析：causes　考查名词。此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。‎ ‎33．答案与解析：strengthen　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。‎ ‎34．答案与解析：energetic　考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能量的；剧烈的”。‎ ‎35．答案与解析：it/running　考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎[2019·武汉训练]‎ That night was extremely hot, so I opened all the windows and doors. Gradually, I fall asleep. It suddenly rained heavy in the midnight and I felt cold. The next morning I was ill. Mother took me to the hospital，but the doctor said I had a fever and that I must stay ‎ in bed in a couple of days. Back at home, I took some medicine and soon felt much well. Feeling bored，I walked to the balcony and stood there watching people come and going in the street. The wind was cool before the rain. In a while I felt so cold my body was trembling. I was rushed to the hospital again. That time I stayed there until I was fully recovered.‎ 答案：‎ That night was extremely hot, so I opened all the windows and doors. Gradually, I asleep. It suddenly rained in the midnight and I felt cold. The next morning I was ill. Mother took me to the hospital， the doctor said I had a fever and that I must stay in bed a couple of days. Back at home, I took some medicine and soon felt much . Feeling bored，I walked to the balcony and stood there watching people and going in the street. The wind was cool the rain. In a while I felt so cold my body was trembling. I was rushed to the hospital again. time I stayed there until I fully recovered.‎ ‎①fall改为fell。考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“was”“opened”可知，本文叙述的是发生在过去的事情，所以此处应用一般过去时。‎ ‎②heavy改为heavily。考查副词。此处修饰动词rained，应用副词。‎ ‎③but改为and。考查并列连词。前后两句之间为顺承关系而不是转折关系，所以用and。‎ ‎④in改为for。考查介词 。for a couple of days意为“几天”，是固定短语。‎ ‎⑤well改为better。考查比较级。此处暗含比较，且根据much可知，此处应用比较级。‎ ‎⑥‎ come改为coming。考查非谓语动词。此处与going并列作宾语补足语，故应用coming。watch sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。‎ ‎⑦before改为after。考查介词。根据常识可知，雨后风很凉爽，故用after“在……以后”。‎ ‎⑧cold后加that。考查连词。so... that...意为“如此……以致于……”为固定句型。‎ ‎⑨That改为This。考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“这一次”，故应用This。‎ ‎⑩删除fully前的was。考查动词的语态。recover意为“康复，恢复健康”时是不及物动词，没有被动语态。‎