高考英语二轮复习专题7阅读理解模式2主旨大意题讲练 3页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 模式 2| 主旨大意题 确定标题 概括全文主题 概括段落大意 写作目的 标题是文章的题 目，它不是主题， 但限定主题的范 围，可表达主题， 是对主题的提炼 和浓缩，表现形式 多为短语，尤其是 名词短语。 主题是文章的中 心思想，是作者所 要表达的中心意 思，有的直接出现 在文中，有的需通 过综合全文的内 容概括归纳得出。 段落大意是指段 落的中心意思。文 章常由多个段落 组成，共同支撑全 文主题，但每段又 分述不同的意思， 可通过归纳、演绎 等方法概括得出。 作者写 文章的目的 有三：to express one's feelings ， attitude and ideas；to affect readers；to inform readers。 可 细 分 为 to introduce ， describe，explain， inform，analyze，express， convey，argue，encourage， praise，criticize，advocate 等。 解 题 技 巧 1.细读文章或段落的首句、中间句和尾句，主题往往就在这些地方出现。 2．特别关注 however，but 等表示转折的信息词，主题很可能就在这类词的后面出 现。 3．表示结论性的信息词如 so，thus，therefore 等后面通常会出现主题句。 4．对记叙文要会根据所述事件进行归纳概括，领会其寓意，总结出文章的主题。 5．标题是对主题句的高度概括，用词更少，简明扼要，有时会用形象化的语句。 [例 1] (2016·全国甲卷·C)Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group. Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place，hoping that the book will have an adventure， traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it． Bruce Pederson，the managing director of BookCrossing，says，“The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.” Members leave books on park benches and buses，in train stations and coffee shops.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it. People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 of it.Emails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found.Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟)．The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirtyfive countries. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Online Reading：A Virtual Tour B．Electronic Books：A New Trend C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back D．A Website Links People through Books D [主旨大意题之确定标题。通过文章首段和中间段判定。文章首段的第四句提到了 BookCrossing 这个网站，然后一直在介绍这个网站，可判定主旨大意与此网站有关。再结 合第三段中的“the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.” 可知，此网站通过书的传递将人们联系了起来。] [例 2] (2016·北京高考·A) December 15，2014 Dear Alfred， I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up，I had people telling me I was too slow，though，with an IQ of 150 ＋at 17，I'm anything but stupid.The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (注 意力缺陷多动障碍)．Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed.In high school， I became curious about the computer，and built my first website.Moreover，I completed the senior course of Computer Basics，plus five relevant precollege courses. While I was exploring my curiosity，my disease got worse.I wanted to go to college after high school，but couldn't.So，I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then ， I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics.Currently，I'm learning your Probability course.I have hundreds of printer paper，covered in selfwritten notes from your videos.This has given me a purpose. Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to.Luckily，I discovered 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead.I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession，without going to college， and be just as good as，if not better than，my competitors. Thank you.You've given me hope that I can follow my heart.For the first time， I feel good about myself because I'm doing something，not because someone told me I was doing good.I feel whole. This is why you're saving my life. Yours， Tanis 58．Tanis wrote this letter in order to ． A．explain why she was interested in the computer B．share the ideas she had for her profession C．show how grateful she was to the center D．describe the courses she had taken so far C [主旨大意题之写作目的。应细读文章的首段、中间段和尾段。作者在文章开头直接 说明写信的目的：你的帮助对我的人生是多么重要；然后描述自己的病情，未了的大学梦， 以及艾尔弗雷德开办的网站给作者带来的学习快乐，因此本文的写作目的是表明她对这个学 习中心的感激。]