【英语】2020届英语二轮复习600分冲刺优练：专题1阅读理解考点1　细节理解题学案 16页

第一编　专题一　考点1‎ ‎[层级一　真题题组]‎ A ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅱ，A)‎ Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers，and select two activities they would like to do.Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school.Before choices are finalised，parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices.‎ Activity Description Member of staff Cost Outdoor Adventure (OUT)‎ Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week，discover new personal qualities，and learn new skills.You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.Learn rock climbing and work as a team，and enjoy the great outdoor environment.‎ Mr. Clemens ‎￡140‎ WWⅠBattlefields and Paris (WBP)‎ On Monday we travel to London.After staying overnight in London，we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War Ⅰ battlefields.On Day 3 we cross into Belgium.Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.Our final day，Friday，sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.‎ Mrs. Wilson ‎￡425‎ Crafty Foxes (CRF)‎ Four days of product design centred around textiles.Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials.Bags，cushions and decorations...Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.‎ Mrs. Goode ‎￡30‎ Potty about Potter (POT)‎ Visit Warner Bros Studio，shop stop to buy picnic，stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley－on－Thames，guided tour of Oxford to ‎ Miss Drake ‎￡150‎ see the film locations，picnic lunch outside Oxford's Christchurch，boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks，before heading back to Exeter.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。这四则广告分别介绍了四项适合学生的夏季活动安排。‎ ‎1．Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping？_A__‎ A．OUT.　　　　　　　 B．WBP.‎ C．CRF. D．POT.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping可以定位到第一则广告。由该广告中的“You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.”可知，这是户外探险活动，参与该活动可以划独木舟，也可以野营，因此选A项。‎ ‎2．What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs.Wilson？_D__‎ A．Travel to London.‎ B．See a parade and fireworks.‎ C．Tour central Paris.‎ D．Visit the World War Ⅰ battlefields.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的Mrs.Wilson可以定位到第二则广告。由该广告中的“On Monday we travel to London.After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World WarⅠbattlefields.”可知，星期一参观者到达伦敦，第二天即星期二到法国北部参观第一次世界大战的战场，这与D项内容吻合。‎ ‎3．How long does Potty about Potter last？_A__‎ A．Two days. B．Four days.‎ C．Five days. D．One week.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到最后一则广告。该广告提到参观华纳兄弟工作室、买野餐、在青年旅舍住一晚(stay overnight)，那么后面交代的坐船游览查韦尔河就应该是第二天的活动，由此推断这个活动的持续时间是两天。‎ B ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅲ，A)‎ Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How_to_Get_to_Holker By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere—20 minutes，Kendal—25 minutes，Lancaster—45 minutes，Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.‎ By Rail：The nearest station is Cark－in－Cartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and ‎ Preston for connections to major cities & airports.‎ Opening_Times Sunday—Friday (closed on Saturday) 11：00am—4：00pm，30th March—2nd November.‎ Admission_Charges ‎　　　　　Hall & Gardens　　　　Gardens Adults：　　　￡12.00　　　　　　￡8.00‎ Groups：　　　￡9.00　　　　 　　￡5.50‎ Special Events Producers'_Market　13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ Holker_Garden_Festival　30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening，making it one of the most popular events in gardening.‎ National_Garden_Day　28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged.For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ Winter_Market　8th November This is an event for all the family.Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，题材是旅游广告。文章介绍了游览霍尔克庄园的游客须知和四项特别的活动。‎ ‎4．How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester？_D__‎ A．20 minutes. B．25 minutes.‎ C．45 minutes. D．90 minutes.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章的How to Get to Holker部分中“By Car：...Approximate travel times：...Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.”可知，游客从Manchester开车到Holker大约用一个半小时，也就是90分钟。故选D。‎ ‎5．How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens？_B__‎ A．￡12.00. B．￡9.00.‎ C．￡8.00. D．￡5.50.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章的Admission Charges部分中Hall & Gardens一列与Groups一行的交叉点可知，旅游团的一个成员游览Hall & Gardens所需要的费用为￡9.00。故选B。‎ ‎6．Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show？_D__‎ A．Producers' Market.‎ B．Holker Garden Festival.‎ C．National Garden Day.‎ D．Winter Market.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章的Winter Market 部分中“Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.(流连于形形色色的礼品商店间，同时欣赏着现场的音乐演出和好看的街头娱乐活动)”可知，如果想看现场的音乐演出，你就去Winter Market。故选D。‎ C ‎(2018·北京卷，B)‎ Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (航空) Center If you're looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Center(SAC) is the place to be.The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands－on tasks and lots of fun.‎ More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC，with many seeking employment in engineering，aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions.They come to camp，wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot，and they leave with real－world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.‎ For the trainees，the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章)．At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge.They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water－ and land－survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.‎ With all the programs，teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.‎ All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18.Families can enjoy the experience together，too，with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.‎ Stay an hour or stay a week—there is something here for everyone!‎ For more details，please visit us online at www.oursac.com.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。作者介绍了宇航中心培训项目的情况，包括各种徽章的取得、太空技能、航空知识的掌握以及探险和合作精神的养成等，激发人们的航天梦，让人们积极参与进来。该文体现了英语学习与前沿科技的有机结合。‎ ‎7．Why do people come to SAC？_A__‎ A．To experience adventures.‎ B．To look for jobs in aviation.‎ C．To get a degree in engineering.‎ D．To learn more about medicine.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据本文标题Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation Center以及第一段第一句“If you're looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Center(SAC) is the place to be.”可知，人们去宇航中心是为了寻找自己的太空历险项目，与选项A(历险)意思吻合。‎ ‎8．To earn a Space Exploration badge，a trainee needs to_D__.‎ A．fly to space B．get an Aviation badge first C．study the principles of flight D．build and fire model rockets 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的as they build and fire model rockets可知，参加培训的人建造火箭模型和给火箭模型点火时，就可以得到太空探险徽章，显然与选项D提到的内容一致。‎ ‎9．What is the most important for trainees？_B__‎ A．Leadership.　　　　 B．Team spirit.‎ C．Task planning. D．Survival skills.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容“With all the programs，teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.”可知，在所有的培训项目中，团队合作是关键。选项B“团队精神”显然指的就是合作。‎ D ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，B)‎ I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.‎ I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰)on the ground.When I arrived, I saw a 2－to－3－week－old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.‎ I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.‎ The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.‎ Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a ‎ recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.‎ A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH ! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.‎ 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一个野生动物救助和教育机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的经历。‎ ‎10．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1？_A__‎ A．Efforts made in vain.‎ B．Getting injured in his work.‎ C．Feeling uncertain about his future.‎ D．Creatures forced out of their homes.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，因为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。故选A。‎ ‎11．Why was the author called to Muttontown？_C__‎ A．To rescue a woman. ‎ B．To take care of a woman.‎ C．To look at a baby owl. ‎ D．To cure a young owl.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段的“I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground”可知，这位女士给作者打电话是为了让他来看一看一只猫头鹰雏鸟。故选C。‎ ‎12．What made the chick calm down？_A__‎ A．A new nest.　　　　 B．Some food.‎ C．A recording. D．Its parents.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段的“I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable...it quickly calmed down”可知，作者做的鸟巢非常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。故选A。‎ ‎13．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event？_B__‎ A．It's unexpected. B．It's beautiful.‎ C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.‎ 解析：‎ 考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食，再结合第一段最后一句“However，when it works，it is simply beautiful”可判断，作者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。故选B。‎ E ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅱ，D)‎ We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.‎ What's the problem? It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.‎ Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”‎ In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband ，” says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral (边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well－being also.”‎ Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.‎ 文章大意：研究表明，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。‎ ‎14．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？_C__‎ A．Addiction to smartphones.‎ B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.‎ C．Absence of communication between strangers.‎ D．Impatience with slow service.‎ 解析：‎ 考查细节理解。文章第一段描述了在公共场所人们之间不互相交流的现象，本段中的“uncomfortable silence”与选项C中的“Absence of communication”相呼应。‎ ‎15．What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？_B__‎ A．Showing good manners.‎ B．Relating to other people.‎ C．Focusing on a topic.‎ D．Making business deals.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”可知，Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。‎ ‎16．What does the coffee－shop study suggest about small talk？_D__‎ A．It improves family relationships.‎ B．It raises people's confidence.‎ C．It matters as much as a formal talk.‎ D．It makes people feel good.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第三句“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。‎ ‎17．What is the best title for the text？_C__‎ A．Conversation Counts B．Ways of Making Small Talk C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Uncomfortable Silence 解析：考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项作本文标题最佳。‎ ‎[层级二　模拟题组]‎ ‎1‎ ‎(2019·石家庄市一模)‎ Live at Leeds Festival，United Kingdom A weekend of indie music taking over Leeds for one day in May, Metronomy, Sundara Karma and Tom Grennan will headline, but there's a focus on the city's newer bands, with the festival aiming to bring new artists into the spotlight. Events take place across the city, with wristbands giving you access to all the places. And to go to this festival，you need to be over 14 years old.‎ Time：4 May, 2019‎ Midnight Sun Film Festival, Finland Almost a hundred miles north of the Arctic Circle，Sodankylä is where Finnish film director brothers Aki and Mika Kaurismäki rock up every summer for their Midnight Sun Film Festival, a five－day－and－night celebration of new cinema. A mix of silent films, contemporary Finnish ones, recent festival hits and box－office classics are screened around the clock.‎ Time：12－16 June, 2019‎ Fuji Rock Festival, Japan The first ever Fuji Rock Festival was held at the bottom of Mount Fuji back in 1997 and has brought in music and rock fans from all over the world. The festival is now held in the Naeba Ski Resort and is celebrating its 23th anniversary this year.The artists who perform aren't all rockers. Your wristband has to be checked at the entrance. We offer facilities for children, but they can't be left unaccompanied.‎ Time：26－28 July,2019‎ The White Nights Festival, St. Petersburg, Russia The White Nights Festival is held at the city's famous Mariinsky Theatre and shows some of the world's best opera and ballet. It's the best time to visit St. Petersburg because it's held during the magical summer period when there's almost 24 hours of sunlight a day.‎ Time：11 May－31 July, 2019‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个艺术类节日，包括英国的Live at Leeds音乐节，芬兰的午夜太阳电影节，日本的富士摇滚音乐节以及俄罗斯的白色夜晚节。‎ ‎1．Which festival lasts the longest time？_D__‎ A．Live at Leeds Festival.‎ B．Midnight Sun Film Festival.‎ C．Fuji Rock Festival.‎ D．The White Nights Festival.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据题干关键词“lasts the longest time”定位至四个节日介绍的时间，由“Time：4 May,2019”“Time：12－16 June,2019”“Time：26－28 July,2019”“Time：11 May—31 July,2019”可知，持续时间最长的是俄罗斯圣彼得堡的白色夜晚节，从五月十一日持续到七月三十一日，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Where will you enjoy a 24－hour movie activity？_B__‎ A．In Leeds, United Kingdom.‎ B．In Sodankylä， Finland.‎ C．In the Naeba Ski Resort, Japan.‎ D．In St. Petersburg, Russia.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据Midnight Sun Film Festival，Finland部分中的“A mix of silent films...are screened around the clock”‎ ‎，并结合该部分其他内容可知，在芬兰的Sodankylä这个地方你能享受一个24小时的电影活动，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．What do Live at Leeds Festival and Fuji Rock Festival have in common？_C__‎ A．They are of the same music style.‎ B．They focus on new artists.‎ C．They require entrance wristbands.‎ D．They have age limits.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据Live at Leeds Festival，United Kingdom部分中的“Events take place across the city，with wristbands giving you access to all the places”可知，英国的Live at Leeds音乐节入场需要带上腕带；根据Fuji Rock Festival，Japan部分中的“Your wristband has to be checked at the entrance”可知，参加富士摇滚音乐节要在入口处检查腕带。据此可知，这两个节日的共同之处是观众需要带上腕带进场，故C项正确。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2019·郑州市二模)‎ There are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make for eye－opening visits.‎ Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University Admission: free Opening hours: Tuesday and Saturday, 9：00 am－12：00 pm Highlights：Included among the more than 300 historic aircraft and space artifacts(手工艺品) are one of the two Northrop P－61 Black Widows in the world and China's first light airliner, Beijing 1.‎ Fudan University Museum Admission: free Opening hours：Tuesday to Friday, 9：00 am－11：30 am and 1：30 pm－4：30 pm Highlights：A unique collection of native artifacts.Some of them，such as pearl vests, are rarely seen.‎ China Ichthyic(类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University Admission：10 yuan Opening hours：Monday to Friday,9：00 am－11：30 am and 1：30 pm－4：00 pm Highlights：In this collection of more than 40,000 specimens of about 3,000 ocean－dwelling species, the most eye－catching one is an 18.4－meter－long sperm whale skeleton.‎ Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences Admission：40 yuan; half price for students Opening hours：Monday to Friday,8：30 am－12：00 pm and 2：30 pm－5：00 pm；weekends and holidays, 9：00 am－4：30 pm Highlights：It houses a collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens，more than 2,000 of which are rare ones like the museum's well－known dinosaur fossils.‎ China Academy Museum at Hunan University Admission：50 yuan Opening hours：Monday to Sunday,8：00 am－6：30 pm in summer and 8：30 am－6：00 pm in winter Highlights：China's only museum to feature the history of academies and cultural education in the country.‎ 文章大意：该文介绍了几个中国的大学博物馆。‎ ‎4．Which museum will you choose if you're interested in sea species？_D__‎ A．China Academy Museum at Hunan University.‎ B．Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences.‎ C．Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.‎ D．China Ichthyic(类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据China Ichthyic(类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分中的“Highlights：In this collection of more than 40,000 specimens of about 3,000 ocean－dwelling species，the most eye－catching one is an 18.4－meter－long sperm whale skeleton”，并结合题干可知，对海洋物种感兴趣的人可以参观上海海洋大学的中国类鱼文化博物馆。‎ ‎5．What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences？_B__‎ A．Space artifacts. B．Dinosaur fossils.‎ C．Native artifacts. D．Sperm whale skeletons.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences部分中的“Highlights：It houses a collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens，more than 2,000 of which are rare ones like the museum's well－known dinosaur fossils”，并结合题干可知，在中国地质大学的逸夫博物馆里可以看到恐龙化石。‎ ‎6．When can you go to China Academy Museum at Human University？_D__‎ A．On Tuesday 6：00 pm in winter.‎ B．On Saturday 8：00 am in winter.‎ C．On Sunday 6：30 pm in summer.‎ D．On Wednesday 8：00 am in summer.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分中的“Opening hours：Monday to Sunday,8：00 am－6：30 pm in summer and 8：30 am－6：00 pm in winter”，并结合选项可知，应选D项。‎ ‎3‎ ‎(2019·南昌市二模)‎ From Antigua to Zanzibar, these spots promise an incredible trip for 2019.‎ Antigua, Guatemala ‎“Antigua is worth every penny, but that doesn't mean you'll have to empty your wallet，” says Hudson. There are plenty of budget－conscious activities. It won't cost you a coin to visit Santo Domingo del Cerro，an outdoor sculpture park.Wanting something sweet? Head to ChocoMuseo. Admission is free and so are the samples!‎ Odessa, Ukraine Odessa is having a bit of a tourism boom nationwide—not that we're surprised, given its sandy beaches and pastel－colored buildings—but it's still fairly under the order for international audiences.You can also count on this port city for affordable fun.Tickets to the Odessa Opera House start at a mere $2!‎ Bogotá， Colombia ‎“Travelers on budget will find Colombia's vast capital far more of a bargain and every bit as fascinating，” says Hudson.“It's free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the big roads are closed to accommodate food carts, street entertainers，and pedestrians.”‎ Zanzibar Zanzibar attracts vacationers with its white sand beaches，greenish－blue tides, colorful coral reefs, and oceanfront seaside.Of course, wandering in historic Stone Town is pretty appealing too.Either way，you needn't spend a penny in this amazing place.It's also worth noting that Jozani Forest is the only place in the world you can see endangered red colobus monkeys.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2019年值得一游的四个地方，包括危地马拉安提瓜，乌克兰的敖德萨以及哥伦比亚的波哥大和桑给巴尔，重点介绍了这四个地点的旅游特色。‎ ‎7．Which of the following requires admission fee？_D__‎ A．ChocoMuseo. B．Stone Town.‎ C．Museo de Oro. D．Odessa Opera House.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段尾句“Tickets to the Odessa Opera House start at a mere $2！”可知，去敖德萨歌剧院的门票只需2美元起，故D项正确。根据第二段最后两句“Head to ChocoMuseo.Admission is free and so are samples！”可知，ChocoMuseo是免门票的，故排除A项；根据尾段第二、三句“Of course，wandering in historic Stone Town is pretty appealing too.Either way，you needn't spend a penny in this amazing place”可知，在Stone Town旅游不需要花费，故排除B项；根据第四段尾句“It's free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the big roads are closed to accommodate food carts，street entertainers，and pedestrians”‎ 可知，参观Museo de Oro是免费的，故排除C项。‎ ‎8．What is special to Zanzibar？_C__‎ A．White sand beaches.‎ B．Colorful coral reefs.‎ C．Red colobus monkeys.‎ D．Historic Stone Town.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据尾段尾句“It's also worth noting that Jozani Forest is the only place in the world you can see endangered red colobus monkeys”可知，在Zanzibar可以在Jozani森林看到濒临灭绝的红疣猴，故C项正确。‎ ‎9．What do the four destinations have in common？_B__‎ A．They are coastal cities.‎ B．They are inexpensive to visit.‎ C．They welcome street entertainers.‎ D．They will make your wallet empty.‎ 解析：考查细节理解题。根据第二段可知，参观Santo Domingo del Cerro不需要花费，ChocoMuseo是免门票的；根据第三段尾句可知，去敖德萨歌剧院的门票仅需2美元起；根据尾段第二、三句可知，在Stone Town旅游不需要花费；根据第四段尾句可知，参观Museo de Oro是免费的。据此可知，这四个地点的共同点是所需旅游花费很少，故B项正确。‎ ‎4‎ ‎(2019·合肥市二模)‎ A simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks. In 2012, he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed, one bed on top of the other，after learning there were local children who slept on the floor.Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community, Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace，a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need.‎ Born and raised in Idaho, Mickelson, now 41, had a thriving career. He coached his kids' sports teams and fished in the nearby river. But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.‎ Using safety guidelines and his daughter's bunk bed as a model, Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money. He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays. As the word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded—along with Mickelson's bunk bed output. “That first project, we built 11 bunk beds in my garage，” he said. “The next year, we did 15. Then it doubled every year. In 2017, we built 612 bunk beds.”‎ With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town” ，the nonprofit and its more than 65 ‎ branches have built and delivered more than 1,500 free beds to children across America.But along with the rapid growth, Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit. He chose the latter and went from making“great money to zero money”．He's never looked back.“I found that the need I have isn't financial，”he said.“The need I have is seeing the joy on kids' faces，knowing that I can make a difference.”‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。Mickelson为了让自己社区的无床可睡的孩子们能够有床睡觉，成立了一个公益组织“Sleep in Heavenly Peace”。‎ ‎10．Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace？_A__‎ A．To help the poor children.‎ B．To make a big fortune.‎ C．To inspire his community.‎ D．To get more donations.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据文章的第一段，尤其是最后一句中的“Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace，a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need”可知，Mickelson创建这个非营利组织是为了帮助贫困儿童。‎ ‎11．What do we know about Luke Mickelson？_D__‎ A．He had his own fish farm.‎ B．He changed his career from time to time.‎ C．He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.‎ D．He originally had a relaxing and pleasant life.‎ 解析：考查推理判断。根据文章的第二段，尤其是最后一句“But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor，his peaceful life changed course”可推知，Mickelson一开始过着轻松、舒适的生活。‎ ‎12．How did other people react to Mickelson's project？_B__‎ A．They showed little interest in it.‎ B．They were supportive and involved in it.‎ C．They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.‎ D．They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays.As the word spread，interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded”可知，Mickelson的朋友和其他家庭成员都来帮忙，随着消息的传播，更多人参与进来，由此可知，人们对Mickelson创建的这个组织非常支持，并且积极参与。‎ ‎13．What is Mickelson's attitude to the nonprofit？_D__‎ A．Ambiguous. B．Defensive.‎ C．Cautious. D．Positive.‎ 解析：考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“The need I have...make a difference”可知，Mickelson想要看到孩子们脸上的喜悦，他知道他在做一些有影响的事；由此可推知，他对这个组织持积极的态度。‎ ‎5‎ ‎(2019·洛阳市二模)‎ We've heard of robots and AI ( artificial intelligence ) taking human jobs, but I bet mayors don't really think their jobs can be threatened any time soon. They were wrong, and the AI running for the mayor of a Tokyo district was clear proof of that.‎ AI can't legally run for high－ranking public management positions yet, but one mayoral candidate from Tama City, Tokyo，intended to maximize the use of artificial intelligence in running city affairs. He was running his campaign as an AI Mayor.Basically, he was suggesting replacing human public officials with AI and having it collect city data and create fair and balanced policies that will benefit everyone.‎ ‎“For the first time in the world, AI will run in an election，”human candidate Michihito Matsuda announced. “Artificial Intelligence will change Tama City.With the birth of an AI Mayor，we will conduct balanced politics.”‎ The AI Mayor was campaigning very much like its human competitors. Posters were shown all over Tama City and campaign trucks were blaring out promises of an AI utopia(乌托邦)and asking for support.‎ Some people called Michihito Matsuda's campaign a stunt (噱头), as a human would still be the one legally in charge.However, others said that they were excited about the future of AI running things in the background, adding that it had to be a better choice.‎ 文章大意：本文主要介绍了在日本东京的多摩市，人工智能竞选市长的相关情况。‎ ‎14．What's the advantage of the AI Mayor according to Michihito Matsuda？_C__‎ A．Maximizing the use of AI.‎ B．Replacing human officials.‎ C．Creating balanced policies.‎ D．Bringing him beneficial effects.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段的最后一句和第三段中的“With the birth of an AI Mayor，we will conduct balanced politics”可知，根据Michihito Matsuda的话可知，人工智能市长能制定客观公正的政策。‎ ‎15．How will AI run for the mayor？_D__‎ A．It will abolish many old policies.‎ B．It will ask for support on the Internet.‎ C．It will make public speeches, dressed like a human.‎ D．It will compete similarly to human competitors.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第一句“The AI Mayor was campaigning very much like its human competitors”可知，人工智能市长的竞选活动与它的人类竞争者类似。‎ ‎16．What's the citizens' attitude toward Michihito Matsuda's campaign？_D__‎ A．They believe AI will win.‎ B．All consider it to be tricky.‎ C．It is supposed to be a failure definitely.‎ D．Some think it's worthy of expectation.‎ 解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是最后一句“However，others said that they were excited about the future of AI running things in the background，adding that it had to be a better choice”可知，一些人认为Michihito Matsuda使用人工智能竞选市长是值得期待的。‎ ‎17．What is the best title for the passage？_A__‎ A．AI Runs for the Mayor.‎ B．The Advantages of AI.‎ C．AI Replaces Human in Management.‎ D．The Patterns of AI Management.‎ 解析：考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能竞选市长的相关情况，故A项最适合作本文标题。‎