【英语】2018届高考英语二轮复习名词性从句在短文语法填空中考查指导学案（6页word版） 6页

‎2018届二轮复习 名词性从句在短文语法填空中考查指导 ‎1．掌握3大常考点 ‎(1)连接副词引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __70__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 分析：figured out后为宾语从句，空格后面的thick是一个形容词，空格处需填一连接副词修饰形容词并引导宾语从句，故填how。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2014·广东高考)I didn’t understand __20__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.‎ 分析：understand后为宾语从句，根据语境可知，不明白的应该是原因，表示“为什么”，故填why。‎ ‎(2)that引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　(2017·昆明市模拟)What is worth mentioning is __67__ nearly all of Hani people show respect to nature and their ancestors.‎ 分析：is后为表语从句，空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，空格处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·湖北省部分重点中学联考)This should serve as a warning __64__ people should be aware of their surroundings, especially when crossing roads.‎ 分析：‎ warning后为同位语从句，空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，空格处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that。‎ ‎(3)what引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　(2017·青岛市模拟)By chance, the professor knew __66__ the student complained about.‎ 分析：knew后为宾语从句，所填之词引导宾语从句并在从句中作介词about的宾语，故填what。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·湖北省七市联考)However, __62__ impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.‎ 分析：__62__ impressed me most为主语从句，所填词引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，故填what。‎ ‎2．明辨5大易错点 ‎(1)that与what的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2017·柳州市模拟)We should make full use of time to do that should be done.‎ 分析：do后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语。故that→what。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·开封市质检)It is cheerful what the local authorities have promised them to shorten the time of obtaining it.‎ 分析：It为形式主语，cheerful后面的句子为主语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义。故what→that。‎ ‎(2)that与if/whether的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2017·乐山市模拟)I’m glad to hear if you’re coming to Sichuan in August.‎ 分析：hear后为宾语从句，句意表示“我听说你要来”，而非“我听说你是否要来”。故if→that或去掉if。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·肇庆市模拟)They told me whether these beggars were not worth showing mercy to because most of them cheated people.‎ 分析：told me后为宾语从句，他们告诉我的应该是一个事实，而不是一个疑问。故whether→that。‎ ‎(3)which与that, which与what的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2017·临汾一中等联考)It’s not easy for us to accept the fact which we are going to leave our beloved school.‎ 分析：在名词性从句中that为连词，不作任何成分，而which为连接代词，需要作成分表示“哪一个”。本句中the fact后为同位语从句，后面的引导词在从句中不作任何成分。故which→that。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)When I went to the kitchen to get my breakfast, I was astonished at which I saw.‎ 分析：在名词性从句中which和what都为连接代词，但which表示“哪一个”，而what表示“……的事情”。故which→what。‎ ‎(4)if与whether的误用 ‎[典例]　(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to if the milk was hot or not.‎ 分析：if和whether都可引导名词性从句意为“是否”，但if受到很多限制，例如不能位于句首，介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导，不能跟or not连用等。故if→whether。‎ ‎(5)that, what与连接副词的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.‎ 分析：to后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中需作地点状语，表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故that→where。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·银川九中模拟)I’m writing to tell you how is going on in our school — a basketball match to be held next month.‎ 分析：tell you后为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，应用连接代词引导。故how→what。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·蚌埠二中模拟)It is not a secret that trees are vital to our life.‎ ‎2．(2017·成都市模拟)Children learn violence behavior from adults or from what they see on TV or on the Internet.‎ ‎3．(2017·漳州市联考)If we want to truly understand why animals are eating plastic in the ocean, we will have to think about how animals find food.‎ ‎4．(2017·长春外国语学校模拟)Sometimes parents think it right and ‎ natural that they determine what their children should do with their lives.‎ ‎5．(2017·江西省五市八校联考)Thus, after the spare tire (备胎) was fitted, I asked how much I owed him.‎ ‎6．(2017·黑吉两省六校联考)When we have no resources left, we’ll then start to take care of what we have.‎ ‎7．(2017·西宁市三校联考)But the truth is that they still have an influence on our lives today, even if we don’t realize it most of the time.‎ ‎8．(2017·铁岭市联考)It’s time to start by reading aloud to whoever might like it.‎ ‎9．(2017·豫南九校模拟)We will understand more about how_neurons (神经元) in the brain connect.‎ ‎10．(2017·焦作市模拟)However, what impressed me most is the International Spy Museum, which I visited on the third day of the trip.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·绵阳市模拟)Now I’d like to tell you that took place in my school last Thursday.that→what ‎2．(2017·济南一中模拟)From his lesson, we came to a conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.what→that ‎3．(2017·豫南九校模拟)The reason why I admire him is because he starts every day with a smile.because→that ‎4．(2017·衡阳八中模拟)I could hardly believe my ears when the news came I was admitted into a key university.came后加that ‎5．(2017·沈阳二中模拟)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life.whether→that ‎6．(2017·烟台市模拟)You can’t imagine how great fun we had in Qingdao.how→what ‎7．(2017·泰安市质检)The reason for this is why I would like to share my knowledge with my students and help them solve problems.why→that ‎8．(2017·深圳市模拟)True friendship will always live on no matter where far apart we are.where→how ‎9．(2017·太原市模拟)Secondly, we should show our respect for our parents and do which we can to help them.which→what ‎10．(2017·山西大学附中模拟)The only problem is that because I’m not very good at small talk with people I don’t know.去掉because