【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习学案：完形填空的解题技巧及训练&非谓语动词的复习（1） 24页

‎2019年高三二轮复习----完形填空的解题技巧及训练+非谓语动词的复习（1）‎ 一.课程介绍 知识点 ‎ 1.归纳讲解完形填空的解题技巧（1）---记叙文 ‎2.重点语法: 非谓语动词的复习（1）---非谓语动词与谓语动词的辨析 ‎ 教学重点 ‎ 1.掌握并运用好记叙文体完形填空的解题技巧 ‎2.准确辨析及正确使用非谓语动词 ‎ 教学难点 完形填空中高频词语的掌握 二.要点回顾 I.填空 ‎1.The famous musician, as well as his students, ____（invite）to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.‎ ‎2.Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ (be)essential to their development.‎ ‎3.The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be)around $8，450 a year, which ________ (be)a burden for some of them.‎ ‎4.Books of this kind （sell）well. ‎ ‎5.Three fifths of the cattle （sell）abroad in the city every year.‎ ‎【答案】1.was invited ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查主谓一致。[根据句意：这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。主语是The famous musician，尽管后面跟有介词或介词词组作附属修饰语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。2012 Taipei Flower Expo是一个过去的时间，故用 was invited ‎【答案】2.is ‎【解析】本题考查主谓一致用法。根据意思：‎ 一般说来，他人对其期望值高的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。 主语为students’ inner motivation ，介词短语with high expectations from others不影响主语，所以谓语用单数，现在时用is ‎【答案】3.are；is ‎ ‎【解析】考查主谓一致。主语是the living expenses ，谓语动词要选are，；which在从句中从当主语指代$8450 a year，所以用is。‎ ‎【答案】4.sell ‎【解析】本句的主语是books（of this kind是介词短语不影响主语），这样谓语用复数形式；根据句意及sell的用法，本句用主动语态，表示“卖得好”‎ ‎【答案】5.are sold ‎ ‎【解析】考查主谓一致。当分数做主语时谓语的使用要看前面的名词。cattle属于表示总称意义的词，复数含义 II.阅读理解 ‎（2015全国II卷）A My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.‎ Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.‎ When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.‎ ‎24. How does the author sound when telling the story?‎ A. Curious B. Anxious C.Cautious D.Humorous ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查作者观点态度。根据文章第一段最后一句Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.可知，尽管作者买了已停产的电视机，无法收看能通宵播放电影的频道，但作者将这说成自己因此而幸运地避免了熬夜，根据第二段最后两句Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.可知，当电视出现静电噪音时，作者不得不通过变换频道，讲电视机拿起来摇晃等措施来应对，根据常识可知，这些做法既会累人，又会让人烦躁，而作者美其名曰technique以及build up my arm muscles(肌肉)，通过最后一段最后一句My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.可知，尽管电视修好了，但作者却期待着它给自己带来更多麻烦，由此可知作者是一诙谐幽默的口吻来写这篇文章的，故选D。‎ 三.知识精要 1. 完型填空的解题思路 1. 首先抓住文章中心思想 ‎ 如何抓住文章的中心思想：每个文章有，且仅有一个中心思想 大部分文章的中心都在首句.首段体现出，或体现出一部分辅助信息。所以首先抓住首句，甚至是每段的首句.尾句；‎ 2. 根据逻辑进行选择----所谓的逻辑有：‎ 基本句意 ‚上下文呼应 ƒ排除（确切说排除是一种方法，但是也要建立在正确的逻辑基础上）‎ ‎（注）如何正确分析理解句子：‎ （1） 首先找到句子的主语谓语（或宾语）‎ （1） 去除掉或括号括出补充部分：形容词.副词.介词短语.非谓语动词.从句.逗号之间.破折号之间。‎ ‎2.语法 非谓语动词（1）---谓语动词与非谓语动词的辨析 考点聚焦 按照能否被主语限定，动词有两种类型，谓语动词与非谓语动词。谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别主要体现在形式上。‎ ‎1.谓语动词：在句中做谓语，指的是动词的时态和语态 常用的时态有8-10种 （1） 一般现在时：主动：do/does 被动：is/am/are done （2） 一般过去时：主动：did 被动：was/were done （3） 现在进行时：主动：is/am/are doing 被动：is/am/are being done （4） 过去进行时：主动：was/were doing 被动：was/were being done （5） 一般将来时：主动：will/shall do 被动：will/shall be done （6） 过去将来时：主动：would/should do 被动：would/should be done （7） 现在完成时：主动：have/has done 被动：have/has been done （8） 过去完成时：主动：had done 被动：had been done （9） 现在完成进行时：主动：have/has been doing 被动：无 ‎2.非谓语动词：不能在句子中做谓语，可以做除谓语外的其他成分：主语.宾语.表语.定语.状语.宾语补足语等。有三种基本形式：to do，doing，done ‎（1）非谓语动词有形式变化 A.动词不定式 ‎ 一般主动式to do 一般被动式to be done ‎ 完成主动式to have done 完成被动式to have been done ‎ 进行式to be doing ‎ （否定）not+不定式 B.v-ing ‎ 一般主动式doing 一般被动式being done ‎ 完成主动式 having done 完成被动式having been done ‎ （否定）not+v-ing （2） v-ing和v-ed形式的区别 V-ing：表示动作正在进行； 主动含义 V-ing：表示动作已经完成； 被动含义 如：boiling water （沸水）/ boiled water（开过的水） exploiting class（剥削阶级）/ exploited class（被剥削阶级）‎ ‎（注）如何判断填谓语动词还是非谓语动词 一般说来一个句子只有一个谓语动词（有些句子中有并列连词连接多个并列谓语动词），所以当句中没有谓语动词时就要填谓语动词，否则我们就要填非谓语。例句如下：‎ The man _________ (speak) over there now.‎ The man _________ (speak) over there now comes from Beijing.‎ 在第一个句子中没有谓语，所以该空需要填谓语动词；根据上下文句意，表示动作正在进行，所以填is speaking；在第二个句子中已经存在谓语动词comes，所以该空需要填非谓语动词；根据动作的发生特点，该动作正在进行，主动含义，所以填speaking。‎ The bridge _________ (build) in the 1990s.‎ The bridge ______(build) in the 1990s is being repaired.‎ 在第一个句子中没有谓语动词，所以需要填谓语动词，根据句意是一般过去时的被动，所以填was built；在第二个句子中已有谓语动词is being built，所以该空是填非谓语；同时根据动作发生特点，动作已经完成，且表示被动含义，所以填built，过去分词表示被动含义。四.要点讲练 ‎【要点1】记叙文的完形填空：记叙文完形填空可分为记事和记人两种。在记事型记叙文的完形填空中，作者在文章的第一句就已经把事件及其发生的时间.地点.人物交代清楚了，然后对这件事情的发生发展进行陈述。通过对事件的叙述，反映出作者的某种思想，最后得出事件产生的结果。记叙文在高考考试中占有很大比例。这些记叙文有人物故事.历史故事.励志故事等，作者入手的角度也是各有千秋，涉及社会.家庭.历史.文化.健康.当今社会科学的最新发展等各方面，作为每年高考的主打体裁，命题人在选材上绞尽了脑汁，但总体上来说有一般以下两个特点：1.情节曲折，信息量大，结尾往往出人意料；2.文章内容为中学生所关注和熟悉的话题，有亲切感，能引起学生的共鸣。‎ ‎【例题1】（2017全国I） ‎ While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).‎ I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.‎ The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more.‎ After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.‎ ‎ The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.‎ ‎41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal ‎42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion ‎43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create ‎44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken ‎45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request ‎46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task ‎47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed ‎48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason ‎49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted ‎50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance ‎51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting ‎52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain ‎53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count ‎54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious ‎55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize ‎56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for ‎57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated ‎58.A.Lastly     B.Thus    C.Instead   D.However 59.A.required   B.caused    C.allowed   D.expected 60.A.easy    B.popular    C.quick     D.new 答案与解析 ‎【答案】41.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，我自己经历了这一深挖细究的过程，根据上文的exploration可知选A。‎ ‎【答案】42.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据句意我发现了使我的大学生活经历变得更美好的东西--美语手势，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】43.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，我从来没有感觉到有学习任何一种手语的冲动，不定式短语to learn作定语修饰名词urge，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】44.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析，根据句意在我所有的人际交往中口头语言就已经足够了，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】45.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意我当时不知道我会发现我对美式手语的热爱，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】46.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据句意故事是我从上大学的第一周开始的，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】47.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意我观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演，他们用手语翻译了一首歌曲，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】48.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意，手的动作和无声交流的想法吸引了我，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】49.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据文章前后句意，无声交流的想法吸引了我，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】50.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文的newness暗示了答案，我所看到的完全不像任何我在过去曾经体验过的，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】51.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据基本句意这种新奇想法使我想了解更多，leaving sb doing sth.使某人做某事。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】52.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据上下文句意，我觉得有必要进一步探索，于是决定参加美语俱乐部的一次机会。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】53.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意那一天我仅仅学会了怎样用手势表达字母，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】54.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意然而我并没有对自己缓慢的进步感到沮丧，相反，我感到兴奋，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】55.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意，我确保参加所有的集会，学习我所能絮叨的一切，sponsor为主办的意思，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】56.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意，接下来的学期，我注册了美式手语课程，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】57.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意教授是个聋子，因此任何交谈都是禁止的，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】58.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查连词辨析。根据基本句意我很快就意识到无声并不是不愉快的，与之相反...，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】59.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据基本句意相反，如果有任何交流，那就会导致我们学到较少的东西，cause sb to do sth导致某人做某事，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】60.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意，现在，我很感激这种无声以及它所开启的新的交流方式，故选D。‎ ‎【例题2】（2017全国II） ‎ In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 .‎ Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46 .‎ Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your 49 ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck . Another time , he 55 a friend money to buy a house .‎ Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”‎ I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling . Although Freddy was taken from us,we all 60 something from Freddy.‎ ‎41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran ‎42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan ‎43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull ‎44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker ‎45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh ‎46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake ‎47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended ‎48.A.lesson B.gift C.report D.message ‎49. A.friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks ‎50. A.simple B.unique C. fun D.clever ‎51. A.assessments B. comments C.instructions D.updates ‎52. A.graduation B. retirement C.separation D.resignation ‎53. A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart ‎54. A.wait B.sleep C.study D.live ‎55. A.paid B.charged C.lent D.owed ‎56. A.observing B.preparing C. designing D.conducting ‎57. A.regretted B.avoided C.excused D.ignored ‎58. A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held ‎59. A.picture B.bill C.note D.diary ‎60. A.chose B.took C.expected D.borrowed 答案与解析 ‎【答案】41.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据下文可知，是The Thinking Laboratory一个教室的名字，所以每天27名孩子都要进入教室上课，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】42.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，The Thinking Laboratory是孩子们投票给教室起的一个名字，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】43.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析，根据语境可知，与The Thinking Laboratory相比，Room 104这个名字枯燥无味，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】44.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据上文elementary school.的可知，Freddy是一名普通学生，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】45.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据下文的fun可知laugh与之对应，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】46.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，saddest与misfortune对应，他会因为别人的不幸而最为伤心，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】47.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意作者给孩子们送T恤，并且给他们忠告，应该是在学年即将结束时，且下文讲到了孩子们毕业后的情况，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】48.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意，在孩子们即将毕业时，我送给他们印有字的T恤，以此作为特殊的礼物，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】49.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文我向他们强调动词的重要性可知，friends 符合语境需要，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】50.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。此处与dull对应，故fun正确，句意：我曾建议孩子们，虽然动词好像很枯燥，但是他们一生中所做的大部分有趣的事情都会是动词，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】51.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。下文提到了Freddy毕业后的消息，由此可知我遇到了以前的学生，他们提供了老同学的最新信息，update在此处是最新信息。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】52.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，由后面的from high school可知，此处指他高中毕业之后，故graduation正确。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】53.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意上小学时，会因为别人的不幸而最为伤心，根据语境可知此处表示他在毕业之后，和四十年前我遇到的那个人一样，任然是乐于助人的人，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】54.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意他是个乐于助人的人，在商店上夜班时，他让一个无家可归的人睡在自己的卡车里，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】55.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。由买房子可知lent正确，句意：还有一次，他借钱给一个朋友买房子，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】56.D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据下文的classroom以及teaching可知，该动作与教学有关，conduct进行，实施符合句意，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】57.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意妇女打断了我的工作，她为此解释，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】58.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据envelope可知，拆开信封.，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】59.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文可知信封里是那件T恤和来自Freddy的妈妈的短信note，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】60.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意，虽然Freddy被从我们身边带走了，但是我们都从他身上学到了东西，故选B。‎ ‎【例题3】（2017全国III）‎ A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But __41_ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallahgher and have a Candian ___42___ .‎ Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44 . The ticket had a strict no-transfer（不可转让） 45 , but since passport information was not required when 46 , any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it. ‎ ‎“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy,” said Axani. He posted his 49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallagbers with the 50 passports, “More 51 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,” Axani said. “It was absolutely out of 53 , thousands of e-mails, people around the world 54 their stories of travel.”‎ Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56 ticket can choose to either travel with him or 57 the ticket and travel on her own.‎ The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to ‎ Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 59 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.‎ ‎41.A.benefits B.deposits C.restrictions D.examinations ‎42.A.origin B.passport C.accent D.friend ‎43.A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship ‎44.A.go to waste B.come to mind C. go no sale D.come into effect ‎ ‎45.A.policy B.order C.payment D.schedule ‎46.A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining ‎47.A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy ‎48.A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide ‎49.A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment ‎50.A.same B.right C.now D.real ‎51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing ‎52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing ‎53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control ‎54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting ‎55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with ‎ ‎56. A. single B. stranger C. regular D. extra ‎57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide ‎58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting ‎59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying ‎60.A.honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky 答案与解析 ‎【答案】41.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据下文You must be named Elizabeth Gallahgher and have a Candian ___42___ .‎ 可知，对于这张机票，有一些限制，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】42.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，此处与下文第十空后的内容照应，由十空后的passports可知选B。‎ ‎【答案】43.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据上文的his then girl判断，现在Jordan Axani已经与他的女朋友分手，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】44.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意他不想浪费掉这张车票，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】45.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析，根据句意这张票有着严格的不可转让制度，票的不可转让是航空公司的制度，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】46.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意在预定机票时并要求提供护照的信息，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】47.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据句意因此来自加拿大的Elizabeth Gallahgher都能使用这张票，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】48.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Jordan Axani想把这张票送出去让别人体验快乐，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】49.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。Jordan Axani在社交网站上发布了他的提议，offer作名词译为提议，符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】50.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。Jordan Axani收到了数以千计的电子邮件，其中有30封来自有符合要求的护照并且真名是Elizabeth Gallahgher的人，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】51.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。下文谈到有数百位加拿大人对于把她们的名字改成Elizabeth Gallahgher感兴趣，由此可以推断 Axani觉得此事有趣。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】52.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析，根据语境可知，那些人只有把名字改成Elizabeth Gallahgher才符合要求。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】53.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意由此表示情况完全失去了控制，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】54.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意人们与 Axani分享他们的旅行故事，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】55.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。 根据句意Axani在邮件中写道他不寻求任何回报，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】56.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意使用这张额外的机票的女士既可以选择和他一起旅游，也可以拿着这张票单独旅行，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】57.B ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。此处指的是符合条件的女士可以拿着这张票去旅行，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】58.C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。显然带着机票是去旅行的.，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】59.A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。本文开头便提到a free round-the-world air ticket ,因此旅行者最终要回到多伦多，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】60.D ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意，能够拿到机票的女士显然是幸运的，故选D。‎ ‎【例题4】（2016全国III）‎ ‎ When I was13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant  21  Miller King,who was the best   22  at our school.‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for   23.‎ Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from  24  .He looked very   25  ,but he didn`t cry.‎ That season,I 26  all of Miller`s records while he  27  the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,  28  I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s  29  .‎ One afternoon,I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30  going over a fence—which wasn’t 31  to climb if you had both arms.I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from.But even that challenge he accepted.I 33  him move slowly over the ‎ fence.When we were finally  34  on the other side,he said to me,＂You know,I didn’t tell you this during the season,but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for  36 .＂‎ His words freed me from my bad 37.I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38  ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him.From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.‎ ‎21.A. cheering for       B.beating out       C. relying on        D.staying with ‎22.A.coach                B.student         C. teacher           D.player ‎23.A.practice             B. show              C. comfort              D.pleasure ‎24.A.school               B. vacation          C. hospital           D.training ‎25.A. pale                   B. calm               C. relaxed            D.ashamed ‎26.A. held                  B. broke              C. set                  D.tried ‎27.A.reported             B.judged             C. organized         D.watched ‎28.A.and                 B. then                 C. but                       D.thus ‎29.A. decision             B. mistake          C.accident          D.sacrifice ‎30.A.stuck                 B. hurt                C. tried               D.lost ‎31.A. steady               B. hard                C. fun                 D.fit ‎32.A.praise                B. advice             C. assistance       D.apology ‎33.A.let                     B. helped             C. had                 D.noticed ‎34.A. dropped             B. ready              C. trapped           D.safe ‎35.A.fine                    B.wrong             C. quickly           D.normally ‎36.A. us                     B. yourself            C. me                    D.them ‎37.A.memories          B. ideas               C. attitudes          D.dreams ‎38.A.still                  B. also                C. yet                    D.just ‎39.A. challenged         B.cured              C. invited            D.admired ‎40.A.healthier           B. bigger             C. cleverer           D.cooler ‎ 答案与解析 ‎21. 【答案】B ‎ 【解析】根据上文可知我唯一的目标就是成为足球队的明星，结合上下文可知Miller King是学校最好的足球运动员，这也就意味着我要战胜他。beat out=defeat,战胜，击败，故选B。‎ ‎22. 【答案】D ‎ 【解析】根据上文football team可知Miller King是学校最优秀的运动员，故选D。‎ ‎23.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】根据上文all summer long I worked out可知，我不管到哪里都携带一个足球来练习，故选A。‎ ‎24.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】根据Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm可以判断出，他从医院回来后我去看望了他，故选C。‎ ‎25.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】根据but he didn’t cry可知他看上去脸色很苍白，故选A。‎ ‎26.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】根据上文可知之前最优秀的球员Miller 失去了右胳膊，因此无法上场，而我在开赛前努力学习，因此可知在那个赛季，我打破了Miller 保持的所有记录，故选B。‎ ‎27.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】他失去了一只胳膊，无法上场比赛，因此可知他只能坐在凳子上观看主场比赛，故选D ‎28.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】上文提到了我们赢得了比赛，自己也被评为最有价值的球员，下文指出我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦中我应该为Miller 的车祸负责，根据语境可知上下文为转折关系，故选C。‎ ‎29. 【答案】C ‎ 【解析】根据第三段中的Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm可知Miller遇到了车祸，故选C ‎ ‎30.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】根据句意，他没有胳膊，所以我看见他在翻越围栏时被卡住了，故选A。‎ ‎31.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】根据if you had both arms.可知，如果有两只胳膊的话，翻越围栏并不是困难的事，故选B。 ‎ ‎32.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】根据上文可推知此处表示我敢肯定，在这个世界上他最不想接受我的帮助，故选C。‎ ‎33.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】根据下文中的When we were finally  34  on the other side可知，我帮他慢慢地翻越了围栏，故选B。‎ ‎34.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】根据句意我帮他慢慢地翻越了围栏，两个人都安全到达了另一侧，故选D。‎ ‎35.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】根据上文第四段的内容可知，他说我这个赛季的变现不错，故选A。‎ ‎36.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】根据句意，我在球队表现出色，Miller 感谢我替补了他的位置。故选C。‎ ‎37.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】结合第四段最后一句可知，他的话让我从噩梦中解脱了出来，故选D。‎ ‎38.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由第一段可知Miller 在受伤前是最优秀的球员，根据上文中的he was more of a leader可知他现在虽然受了伤，但是没有被击败，任然领先于我，故选A。‎ ‎39.【答案】D ‎【解析】根据第一段可知我13岁时的目标就是成为足球队的明星，而Miller 当时是最优秀的球员，所以我认为自己曾经钦佩他是正确的，故选D。‎ ‎40.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】根据上文内容可知，他的话让我更加强大，更加真实。故选B。‎ ‎【例题5】（2015四川卷）‎ ‎ My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard.That first year,I_11__feeding peanuts to the blue jays,then the squirrels.The squirrels had no__12__coming up right to me for them.As the months went by.the rabbits saw that I was no _13__ and didn’t escape.When I threw carrot slices(薄片)，they even came for a nibble(啃).Slowly they came to_14__me,and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand.‎ ‎        That second year,the rabbits__15___me,and one would even sit up for slices!While I was feeding them,I _16__that a groundhog who used to run away was now talking an__17___interest in this food situation.I carefully extended a long___18___,with a keen eye on those teeth,and _19__,there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit,both munching(津津有味的咀嚼) on carrots.A few months later,while ___20___,she would even turn her back to ‎ me.___21_When she was facing away,I reached out and __22__scratched（搔）her back with my finger,She didn’t move.‎ ‎        By year three,the rabbits and the groundhog were back.The ground hog ___23__didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back,and I got an ides,I’d always___24__,while slicing up carrots,that the end looked like a cap.____25___one day,just to see what she would do ,I gently ____26__ one on top of the groundhog’s head.Again,not a ___27__,The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here,one of several dozen such pictures,____28___she had a slice to eat,she never ___29___ the one of her head.It was a fair __30__ —I got a pleasure,and she had yet another tasty treat.‎ ‎11. A.avoided B.started C.canceled D.suggested ‎12. A.business B.fun C.problem D.privilege ‎13. A.help B.cheat C.threat D.exception ‎14. A.trust B.miss C.admire D.appreciate ‎15. A.feared B.ignored C.discovered D.remembered ‎16. A.proved B.decided C.noticed D.understood ‎17. A.extreme B.increasing C.additional D.inspiring ‎18. A.squirrel B.rabbit C.peanut D.carrot ‎19. A.before long B.long ago C.over and over D.all over again ‎20.A.eating B.playing C.sitting D.sleeping ‎21. A.Next B.Once C.Soon D.Lately ‎22. A.carefully B.suddenly C.violently D.patiently ‎23. A.also B.thus C.just D.still ‎24. A.thought B.doubted C.admitted D.recognised ‎25. A.While B.Or C.So D.For ‎26. A.fixed B.placed C.hung D.kept ‎27. A.tremble B.move C.delay D.hesitation ‎28. A.Even if B.Ever since C.As far as D.So long as ‎29. A.welcomed B.required C.bothered D.expected ‎30. A.trade B.competition C.task D.affair 答案与解析：‎ ‎11.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“那是第一年，我开始用花生喂养这些蓝色的松鸡”avoid “避免”；start“开始”；cancel “取消”；suggest “建议”。答案选B。‎ ‎12.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“这些松鼠正好到我这里没有一点问题”business“商业”；fun “有趣”；problem “问题”；privilege “特权，权利”。答案选C。‎ ‎13.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“几个月过后，这些兔子看到我对它们没有威胁，也没有逃跑之意了。”help“帮助”；cheat “欺骗”；threat “威胁”；exception “例外”。答案选C。‎ ‎14.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“它们开始慢慢地信任我”才有后面的“在年终时，它们到我的手上来吃东西。”trust “相信”；miss “想念”；admire “钦佩”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”。故答案选A ‎15.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“第二年，这些兔子记起我了，其中一个甚至站起来吃胡萝卜片。” fear “害怕，担心”；ignore “忽略”；discover “发现”。故答案选D。‎ ‎16.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“当我在喂他们的时候，我注意到一个土拨鼠。”prove “证明”；decide“证明”；notice “注意，观察到”；understand “理解”。故答案选C。‎ ‎17.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“以前那个会跑开的那个土拨鼠，现在感觉喜欢这种喂食模式。”extreme “极端的”；increase“增加”； additional “额外的”；inspiring “鼓舞人心的”。故答案选B。‎ ‎18.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，它们是在吃胡萝卜块，故我递给了一个长的胡萝卜。答案选D.‎ ‎19.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，不久后，我让土拨鼠和兔子在一起。答案选A.‎ ‎20. 【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“几个月后，当她吃东西的时候，她背对着我。”再由后文可知，答案选A。‎ ‎21.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“有一次，她把脸躲开，我就伸出手用手指搔她背”。故选B.‎ ‎22.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由21题可知，是我用手小心翼翼地用我的手指搔她的背，carefully“小心地” suddenly “突然”；violently “猛烈地，暴力地”；patiently "有耐心地"，故答案选A。‎ ‎23.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，”第三年，这些兔子和土拨鼠仍然可以很轻松地让我搔她的背。”故选D。‎ ‎24.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，在喂养这些动物的时候，“在切胡萝卜的时候，我一直认为，她看起来像一顶帽子。” doubt “怀疑”；admit “承认”； recognize “识别”。答案选A。‎ ‎25.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，“所以，有一天，我想看到当把胡萝卜片放在她头上时的反应。”故答案选C.‎ ‎26. 【答案】B ‎ 【解析】fix“安装”；place“放置”；hung “拥抱”；keep “保持”。故答案选B。‎ ‎27.【答案】B ‎ 【解析】由后文可知，土拨鼠在一片胡萝卜放在头上时，她是不会动的。故选B.‎ ‎28.【答案】D ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，我用一个相机来记录这一切，只要她有胡萝卜切片吃，她都不会打扰到头上的那一块。故答案选D.‎ ‎29.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，只要她有胡萝卜切片吃，她都不会打扰到头上的那一块。welcome“欢迎”；require “要求”；bother “打扰”；expect “期望”。答案选C。‎ ‎30.【答案】A ‎ 【解析】由题意可知，后面波折号后的内容就是解释要的选项，“我得到了快乐，她获得了另一个美味的款待。”故是公平的，选A。‎ ‎【要点2】谓语动词与非谓语动词的辨析 ‎【例题1】（2016全国卷I） I _____________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. ‎ ‎【答案】was allowed ‎【解析】根据该空的位置及句中是否有谓语动词来分析，此处应该填谓语动词。再从时态语态角度判断应该是谓语动词。所以填was allowed，被允许。‎ ‎【例题2】（2016全国卷I）...... when I was the first Western TV reporter________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.‎ ‎【答案】permitted ‎【解析】句中存在谓语动词“was”所以该空填非谓语动词。根据动词词义与前名词的关系来判断是被动关系，所以填permitted ‎【例题3】（2016全国卷III）People probably cooked their food in large pots, _______ (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.‎ ‎【答案】using ‎【解析】该句已经存在谓语动词cooked，所以此处填非谓语动词。逗号后一般填doing，做伴随状语或结果状语。‎ 五.模块自测 I.完形填空：（2016全国I）‎ A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was    41   along 165 north after delivering to one of his    42   . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.   43 he got closer, he found 44    vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45   shooting out from under the    46   vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and    47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on    48   and told Larry he had    49   an emergency call. They    50   heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51   the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay    52   until the emergency personnel arrived,    53   she thought the car was going to    54   . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 5 5 she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man    56   and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the    57   if he was needed or    58    to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is    59  —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His    60   most likely saved the woman’s life.‎ ‎41. A. walking         B. touring        C．traveling      D．rushing ‎42. A. passengers     B. colleagues      C. employers       D. customers ‎43. A. Since          B. Although         C. As          D. If ‎44. A. each          B. another          C. that          D. his ‎45. A. flames        B. smoke        C. water          D. steam ‎46. A. used          B. disabled        C. removed        D. abandoned ‎47. A. got hold of     B. prepared        C. took charge of    D. controlled ‎48. A. came down    B. came through      C. came in        D. came over ‎49. A. returned       B. received         C. made         D. confirmed ‎50. A. then        B. again         C. finally           D. even ‎51. A. Starting       B. Parking        C. Passing      D. Approaching ‎52. A. quiet        B. still          C. away           D. calm ‎53. A. for          B. so           C. and           D. but ‎54. A. explode      B. slip away        C. fall apart        D. crash ‎55. A. as if        B. unless           C. in case           D. after ‎56. A. stepped forward    B. backed off      C. moved on      D. set out ‎57. A. woman       B. police        C. man         D. driver ‎58. A. forbidden     B. ready        C. asked       D. free ‎59. A.for certain     B. for consideration      C. reported      D.checked ‎60. A.patience        B. skills        C. efforts         D.promise ‎【答案】41-45．CDCBA 46-50.BADCA 51-55. DBDAC 56-60.BBDAC II.语法填空 ‎1.The bridge _______ (build) last year is being repaired.‎ ‎2.The workers __________ (build) the bridge now work very hard.‎ ‎3.With so much work ___________ (complete), I can't go there with you. ‎ ‎4.____________ (complete) the work on time,we had to work overtime.‎ ‎5.It has been raining for a week, ________ (cause) a lot of damage.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. built ‎2. building ‎3. to complete ‎4. To complete ‎5.causing