高中英语人教版必修5课件：Unit 3　Section Ⅲ　Grammar 19页

Section Ⅲ 　 Grammar 一、选出画线部分在句子中所做的状语类型 A. 原因状语　 B. 让步状语　 C. 条件状语　 D. 结果状语 E. 时间状语 1 . Told that his mother was ill ,Li Lei hurried home quickly. 　　　　　　   2 . Broken down on the high way ,his car was carried away by the police. 　　　　　　   3 . Given a few minutes ,I ’ ll finish it. 　　　　　　   4 . Explained a hundred times ,he still can ’ t understand it. 　　　　　　   5 .He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken . 　　　　　　   E A C B D 二、阅读课文 “ I HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGS ”, 找出下列句子 , 并说出其中的过去分词 ( 短语 ) 所起的作用 1 .My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space. 过去分词短语 considered the most modern in space 在句子中做 　　　　　　 。   2 .Described as an enormous round plate,it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth ’ s gravity. 过去分词短语 described as an enormous round plate 在句子中做 　　　　　　 。   定语 状语 3 .During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called “thoughtpads” on a table. 过去分词短语 called “thoughtpads” 在句子中做 　　　　　 。   4 .I stared at the moving model of the waste machine,absorbed by its efficiency. 过去分词短语 absorbed by its efficiency 在句子中做 　　　　　　 。   定语 状语 三、同义句转换 1 .Dressed in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.   2 .Lost in thought,she nearly ran into a tree. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in thought,she nearly ran into a tree.   If/When he is dressed Because she was lost 过去分词 ( 3 ) —— 过去分词做状语 一、过去分词做状语概述 过去分词做状语时 , 像动词 - ing 形式做状语一样 , 修饰谓语 , 很多都是用来说明动作发生的背景或情况 , 意义上相当于状语从句。一般来说 , 分词结构的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。过去分词做状语可以分为以下几种情况 : 1 . 时间状语 : 表示时间 , 相当于一个时间状语从句 , 也可在过去分词前加上连词 when,while,until 等 , 使其时间意义更明确。 单句填空 ① 　　　　　　 (see)from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.   =When it is seen from the hill,the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看 , 这个公园非常美丽。 ② 　　　　　 (tell) that he had to give up his chance to have a holiday,he looked rather disappointed.   =When he was told that he had to give up his chance to have a holiday,he looked rather disappointed. 当被告知他必须要放弃度假的机会时 , 他看起来相当的失望 。 Seen Told 2 . 原因状语 : 表示原因 , 相当于一个原因状语从句。 单句填空 ③ 　　　　　 (order) over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive any time now.   那些书是一周前订购的 , 应该随时都会送来。 ④ Deeply 　　　　　　 (move)by the story,the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.   激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了 , 停止了互相争吵 。 Ordered moved 3 . 条件状语 : 可通过添加连词 if,unless 等转换成条件状语从句。 单句填空 ⑤ Ordinary soap, 　　　　　 (use) correctly,can deal with bacteria effectively.   只要正确使用 , 普通肥皂也能有效对付细菌。 4 . 让步状语 : 有时可用 although,though,even if,even though,whether...or 等连词转换成让步状语从句。 单句填空 ⑥ Though 　　　　　　 (warn)of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields.   =Though they had been warned of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields. 虽然农民们已被告知将有暴风雨 , 但他们仍然在地里干活 。 used warned 5 . 方式伴随状语 : 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明 , 加 and 可转换成并列结构。 单句填空 ⑦ The teacher entered the classroom, 　　　　　　 (follow)by a group of students.   =The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students. 那位老师走进教室 , 后面跟着一群学生 。 followed 6 .“ with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 的用法 (1) 做原因状语。 (2) 做时间状语。 (3) 做方式状语。 (4) 做条件状语。 阅读下列句子 , 指出 “with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 结构在句子中做什么状语 ⑧ With everything bought,he left the store and went home. 所有的东西都买了后 , 他就离开商店回了家。 “with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 结构在句子中做 　　　　　　 状语。   时间 ⑨ With his son caught stealing goods from the store,he felt disappointed. 因儿子从商店里偷东西被抓住 , 他感到很失望。 “with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 结构在句子中做 　　　　　　 状语。   ⑩ The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back. 谋杀犯被带进来了 , 他的双手被绑在背后。 “with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 结构在句子中做 　　　　　　 状语。   原因 方式 11 With water heated,we can see the steam. 水一被加热我们就能看到水蒸气。 “with+ 宾语 + 过去分词 ” 结构在句子中做 　　　　　　 状语。   注意 动词 - ing 形式也可用做宾语补足语 , 但动词 - ing 形式与过去分词做宾语补足语时含义不同 : 一般来说 , 过去分词做宾语补足语时 , 过去分词与宾语之间为动宾关系 ; 动词 - ing 形式做宾语补足语时 , 动词 - ing 形式与宾语之间为主谓关系。 条件 单句填空 12 I can ’ t put my heart into study with so much noise 　　　　　　 (go)on.   噪音这么大 , 我不能专心学习。 13 With the problem 　　　　　　 (settle),he felt quite relaxed.   问题解决了 , 他感到非常轻松 。 going settled 二、过去分词做状语的注意点 1 . 过去分词做状语时 , 前面往往可带有 when,if,while,though,even if 等连词 , 这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句 , 句中省略的部分是 “ 主语 +be 动词的相应变化形式 ”, 省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。 单句填空 14 Though defeated for a second time,he still didn ’ t give in. =Though 　　　　　　 (be) defeated for a second time,he still didn ’ t give in.   他虽然又一次被击败了 , 但仍不屈服。 15 Even if invited,I won ’ t go. =Even if 　　　　　　 (be) invited,I won ’ t go.   即使被邀请 , 我也不去 。 he was I am 2 . 过去分词做状语时 , 有时它的逻辑主语不是主句的主语 , 而是不同于主句主语的名词 , 构成 “ 过去分词独立结构 ” 。过去分词独立结构可在句中做状语 , 表示时间、条件、伴随状况等。 16 The house painted white,we liked it better. 那所房子漆成白色后 , 我们更加喜欢它了。